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| 2023 Tables and Figures | All Years of Tables and Figures | Most Recent Full Issue of the Digest |
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| Year | Total | Employment status | Sex | Control | Level | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Full-time | Part-time | Percent full-time | Males | Females | Percent female | Public | Private | 4-year | 2-year | ||||
| Total | Nonprofit | For-profit | |||||||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 |
| 1970 | 474,000 | 369,000 | 104,000 | 77.8 | --- | --- | --- | 314,000 | 160,000 | --- | --- | 382,000 | 92,000 |
| 19711 | 492,000 | 379,000 | 113,000 | 77.0 | --- | --- | --- | 333,000 | 159,000 | --- | --- | 387,000 | 105,000 |
| 1972 | 500,000 | 380,000 | 120,000 | 76.0 | --- | --- | --- | 343,000 | 157,000 | --- | --- | 384,000 | 116,000 |
| 19731 | 527,000 | 389,000 | 138,000 | 73.8 | --- | --- | --- | 365,000 | 162,000 | --- | --- | 401,000 | 126,000 |
| 19741 | 567,000 | 406,000 | 161,000 | 71.6 | --- | --- | --- | 397,000 | 170,000 | --- | --- | 427,000 | 140,000 |
| 19751 | 628,000 | 440,000 | 188,000 | 70.1 | --- | --- | --- | 443,000 | 185,000 | --- | --- | 467,000 | 161,000 |
| 1976 | 633,000 | 434,000 | 199,000 | 68.6 | --- | --- | --- | 449,000 | 184,000 | --- | --- | 467,000 | 166,000 |
| 1977 | 678,000 | 448,000 | 230,000 | 66.1 | --- | --- | --- | 492,000 | 186,000 | --- | --- | 485,000 | 193,000 |
| 19791 | 675,000 | 445,000 | 230,000 | 65.9 | --- | --- | --- | 488,000 | 187,000 | --- | --- | 494,000 | 182,000 |
| 19801 | 686,000 | 450,000 | 236,000 | 65.6 | --- | --- | --- | 495,000 | 191,000 | --- | --- | 494,000 | 192,000 |
| 1981 | 705,000 | 461,000 | 244,000 | 65.4 | --- | --- | --- | 509,000 | 196,000 | --- | --- | 493,000 | 212,000 |
| 19821 | 710,000 | 462,000 | 248,000 | 65.1 | --- | --- | --- | 506,000 | 204,000 | --- | --- | 493,000 | 217,000 |
| 1983 | 724,000 | 471,000 | 254,000 | 65.1 | --- | --- | --- | 512,000 | 212,000 | --- | --- | 504,000 | 220,000 |
| 19841 | 717,000 | 462,000 | 255,000 | 64.4 | --- | --- | --- | 505,000 | 212,000 | --- | --- | 504,000 | 213,000 |
| 19851 | 715,000 | 459,000 | 256,000 | 64.2 | --- | --- | --- | 503,000 | 212,000 | --- | --- | 504,000 | 211,000 |
| 19861 | 722,000 | 459,000 | 263,000 | 63.6 | --- | --- | --- | 510,000 | 212,000 | --- | --- | 506,000 | 216,000 |
| 19872 | 793,070 | 523,420 | 269,650 | 66.0 | 529,413 | 263,657 | 33.2 | 552,749 | 240,321 | --- | --- | 547,505 | 245,565 |
| 19892 | 824,220 | 524,426 | 299,794 | 63.6 | 534,254 | 289,966 | 35.2 | 577,298 | 246,922 | --- | --- | 583,700 | 240,520 |
| 19912 | 826,252 | 535,623 | 290,629 | 64.8 | 525,599 | 300,653 | 36.4 | 580,908 | 245,344 | 236,066 | 9,278 | 591,269 | 234,983 |
| 19932 | 915,474 | 545,706 | 369,768 | 59.6 | 561,123 | 354,351 | 38.7 | 650,434 | 265,040 | 254,130 | 10,910 | 625,969 | 289,505 |
| 19952 | 931,706 | 550,822 | 380,884 | 59.1 | 562,893 | 368,813 | 39.6 | 656,833 | 274,873 | 260,900 | 13,973 | 647,059 | 284,647 |
| 19972 | 989,813 | 568,719 | 421,094 | 57.5 | 587,420 | 402,393 | 40.7 | 694,560 | 295,253 | 271,257 | 23,996 | 682,650 | 307,163 |
| 19992 | 1,037,529 | 593,375 | 444,154 | 57.2 | 608,007 | 429,522 | 41.4 | 718,585 | 318,944 | 288,663 | 30,281 | 719,256 | 318,273 |
| 20012 | 1,113,183 | 617,868 | 495,315 | 55.5 | 644,514 | 468,669 | 42.1 | 771,124 | 342,059 | 306,487 | 35,572 | 764,172 | 349,011 |
| 20032 | 1,173,593 | 630,092 | 543,501 | 53.7 | 663,723 | 509,870 | 43.4 | 791,766 | 381,827 | 330,097 | 51,730 | 814,289 | 359,304 |
| 20052 | 1,290,426 | 675,624 | 614,802 | 52.4 | 714,453 | 575,973 | 44.6 | 841,188 | 449,238 | 361,523 | 87,715 | 916,996 | 373,430 |
| 20072 | 1,371,587 | 703,757 | 667,830 | 51.3 | 744,047 | 627,540 | 45.8 | 876,526 | 495,061 | 386,688 | 108,373 | 992,385 | 379,202 |
| 20092 | 1,439,074 | 729,152 | 709,922 | 50.7 | 761,002 | 678,072 | 47.1 | 913,788 | 525,286 | 408,382 | 116,904 | 1,038,349 | 400,725 |
| 20112 | 1,524,469 | 762,114 | 762,355 | 50.0 | 789,567 | 734,902 | 48.2 | 954,159 | 570,310 | 432,630 | 137,680 | 1,115,642 | 408,827 |
| 20132 | 1,545,381 | 791,378 | 754,003 | 51.2 | 791,971 | 753,410 | 48.8 | 968,734 | 576,647 | 449,072 | 127,575 | 1,151,638 | 393,743 |
| 20152 | 1,552,256 | 807,109 | 745,147 | 52.0 | 789,405 | 762,851 | 49.1 | 970,991 | 581,265 | 472,638 | 108,627 | 1,180,545 | 371,711 |
| 20162 | 1,546,081 | 813,978 | 732,103 | 52.6 | 783,495 | 762,586 | 49.3 | 974,239 | 571,842 | 476,872 | 94,970 | 1,196,657 | 349,424 |
| 20172 | 1,545,653 | 822,513 | 723,140 | 53.2 | 778,873 | 766,780 | 49.6 | 972,689 | 572,964 | 486,761 | 86,203 | 1,209,143 | 336,510 |
| 20182 | 1,543,212 | 832,130 | 711,082 | 53.9 | 771,861 | 771,351 | 50.0 | 981,749 | 561,463 | 490,713 | 70,750 | 1,216,463 | 326,749 |
| 20192 | 1,548,824 | 843,820 | 705,004 | 54.5 | 768,404 | 780,420 | 50.4 | 984,220 | 564,604 | 495,776 | 68,828 | 1,233,784 | 315,040 |
| 20202 | 1,489,565 | 836,632 | 652,933 | 56.2 | 734,806 | 754,759 | 50.7 | 941,250 | 548,315 | 482,387 | 65,928 | 1,209,030 | 280,535 |
| 20212 | 1,499,236 | 837,024 | 662,212 | 55.8 | 732,404 | 766,832 | 51.1 | 944,898 | 554,338 | 488,938 | 65,400 | 1,225,101 | 274,135 |
| 20222 | 1,507,641 | 842,407 | 665,234 | 55.9 | 731,113 | 776,528 | 51.5 | 946,831 | 560,810 | 495,772 | 65,038 | 1,242,459 | 265,182 |
| ---Not available. | |||||||||||||
| 1Estimated on the basis of enrollment. For methodological details on estimates, see National Center for Education Statistics, Projections of Education Statistics to 2000. | |||||||||||||
| 2Because of revised survey methods, data are not directly comparable with figures for years prior to 1987. | |||||||||||||
| NOTE: Data in this table represent the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Includes all instructional, research, and public service staff. Excluded are graduate students with titles such as graduate or teaching fellow who assist senior faculty. Data through 1995 are for institutions of higher education and U.S. service academies, while later data are for degree-granting institutions and U.S. service academies. Degree-granting institutions grant associate’s or higher degrees and participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs. The degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, but it includes more 2-year colleges and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not grant degrees. Beginning in 2007, includes institutions with fewer than 15 full-time employees; these institutions did not report staff data prior to 2007. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. | |||||||||||||
| SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), Employees in Institutions of Higher Education, 1970 and 1972, and "Staff Survey" 1976; Projections of Education Statistics to 2000; Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), "Fall Staff Survey" (IPEDS-S:87-99); IPEDS Winter 2001-02 through Winter 2011-12, Human Resources component, Staff section; IPEDS Human Resources component, Spring 2014 through Spring 2022 (final data) and Spring 2023 (provisional data), Staff section; and U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, Higher Education Staff Information Survey (EEO-6), 1977, 1981, and 1983. (This table was prepared November 2023.) | |||||||||||||
