Employees in degree-granting postsecondary institutions, by race/ethnicity, sex, employment status, control and level of institution, and primary occupation: Fall 2022

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Table 314.40.Employees in degree-granting postsecondary institutions, by race/ethnicity, sex, employment status, control and level of institution, and primary occupation: Fall 2022
Sex, employment status, control and level of institution, and primary occupation	Total	American Indian/Alaska Native, Asian, Black, Hispanic, Pacific Islander, and Two or more races								White	Race/ethnicity unknown	Nonresident¹
	Total	Total	Percent²	American Indian/Alaska Native	Asian	Black	Hispanic	Pacific Islander	Two or more races	White	Race/ethnicity unknown	Nonresident¹
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13

All institutions	3,880,322	1,104,995	31.8	19,218	283,219	379,129	349,422	7,488	66,519	2,373,021	176,513	225,793
Faculty (instruction/research/public service)	1,507,641	368,475	26.9	6,682	133,072	112,055	93,538	2,599	20,529	999,329	79,870	59,967
Instruction	1,377,442	336,518	26.5	6,337	115,791	106,667	86,562	2,467	18,694	935,727	73,758	31,439
Research	96,598	22,384	34.9	195	13,120	2,885	4,794	79	1,311	41,789	4,857	27,568
Public service	33,601	9,573	30.5	150	4,161	2,503	2,182	53	524	21,813	1,255	960
Graduate assistants	398,862	88,419	36.5	914	31,744	18,292	27,453	396	9,620	153,778	21,453	135,212
Librarians, curators, and archivists	37,664	8,461	23.4	219	2,049	2,751	2,715	75	652	27,742	1,203	258
Student and academic affairs and other education services	172,400	54,732	33.4	1,267	7,431	22,789	19,182	485	3,578	109,063	6,648	1,957
Management	276,746	73,150	27.3	1,367	13,028	31,673	22,424	461	4,197	194,347	7,833	1,416
Business and financial operations	241,520	77,208	33.4	1,217	17,401	27,114	26,308	519	4,649	153,670	8,577	2,065
Computer, engineering, and science	245,364	72,456	32.7	1,050	29,177	16,185	21,025	379	4,640	149,047	9,572	14,289
Community, social service, legal, arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media	205,838	59,278	30.3	1,170	7,768	24,304	20,762	669	4,605	136,184	8,887	1,489
Healthcare practitioners and technicians	115,166	37,818	35.9	324	12,778	11,748	10,923	136	1,909	67,546	6,178	3,624
Service occupations	221,083	102,196	48.9	1,861	9,053	47,499	39,866	678	3,239	106,758	10,036	2,093
Sales and related occupations	10,683	3,993	39.7	97	370	1,829	1,318	44	335	6,071	569	50
Office and administrative support	362,015	135,491	39.1	2,274	17,332	53,560	54,078	824	7,423	211,414	12,117	2,993
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	67,986	17,334	26.7	623	1,470	6,519	7,701	165	856	47,505	2,860	287
Production, transportation, and material moving	17,354	5,984	36.2	153	546	2,811	2,129	58	287	10,567	710	93

Male	1,708,740	446,421	29.8	8,010	129,793	139,662	139,823	3,289	25,844	1,050,823	82,198	129,298
Faculty (instruction/research/public service)	731,113	169,707	25.8	2,978	69,913	43,158	43,923	1,158	8,577	486,912	38,865	35,629
Instruction	661,867	154,283	25.4	2,855	60,640	41,138	40,761	1,089	7,800	453,814	35,741	18,029
Research	53,582	11,268	33.1	76	7,212	1,155	2,207	46	572	22,739	2,530	17,045
Public service	15,664	4,156	28.6	47	2,061	865	955	23	205	10,359	594	555
Graduate assistants	196,558	38,563	35.8	372	15,263	6,812	11,927	187	4,002	69,092	10,252	78,651
Librarians, curators, and archivists	11,266	2,299	21.3	56	512	652	901	20	158	8,496	382	89
Student and academic affairs and other education services	53,306	16,258	32.4	374	2,386	6,511	5,757	187	1,043	33,885	2,356	807
Management	114,505	27,001	24.5	536	5,424	11,040	8,273	217	1,511	83,304	3,514	686
Business and financial operations	64,945	18,915	30.7	314	4,301	6,206	6,785	148	1,161	42,613	2,765	652
Computer, engineering, and science	143,475	38,475	29.6	601	14,646	8,426	11,964	243	2,595	91,483	5,450	8,067
Community, social service, legal, arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media	88,771	23,540	28.1	458	2,491	11,098	7,447	316	1,730	60,236	4,337	658
Healthcare practitioners and technicians	32,801	10,533	36.6	82	4,331	2,547	2,968	42	563	18,209	2,244	1,815
Service occupations	124,707	53,357	45.2	1,130	4,566	25,673	19,800	393	1,795	64,780	5,647	923
Sales and related occupations	3,536	1,202	36.1	30	116	545	391	22	98	2,132	180	22
Office and administrative support	67,346	26,362	41.7	395	4,124	9,147	10,900	158	1,638	36,927	3,050	1,007
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	62,217	15,480	26.0	561	1,259	5,721	7,029	152	758	43,947	2,568	222
Production, transportation, and material moving	14,194	4,729	34.9	123	461	2,126	1,758	46	215	8,807	588	70

Female	2,171,582	658,574	33.2	11,208	153,426	239,467	209,599	4,199	40,675	1,322,198	94,315	96,495
Faculty (instruction/research/public service)	776,528	198,768	27.9	3,704	63,159	68,897	49,615	1,441	11,952	512,417	41,005	24,338
Instruction	715,575	182,235	27.4	3,482	55,151	65,529	45,801	1,378	10,894	481,913	38,017	13,410
Research	43,016	11,116	36.8	119	5,908	1,730	2,587	33	739	19,050	2,327	10,523
Public service	17,937	5,417	32.1	103	2,100	1,638	1,227	30	319	11,454	661	405
Graduate assistants	202,304	49,856	37.1	542	16,481	11,480	15,526	209	5,618	84,686	11,201	56,561
Librarians, curators, and archivists	26,398	6,162	24.3	163	1,537	2,099	1,814	55	494	19,246	821	169
Student and academic affairs and other education services	119,094	38,474	33.9	893	5,045	16,278	13,425	298	2,535	75,178	4,292	1,150
Management	162,241	46,149	29.4	831	7,604	20,633	14,151	244	2,686	111,043	4,319	730
Business and financial operations	176,575	58,293	34.4	903	13,100	20,908	19,523	371	3,488	111,057	5,812	1,413
Computer, engineering, and science	101,889	33,981	37.1	449	14,531	7,759	9,061	136	2,045	57,564	4,122	6,222
Community, social service, legal, arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media	117,067	35,738	32.0	712	5,277	13,206	13,315	353	2,875	75,948	4,550	831
Healthcare practitioners and technicians	82,365	27,285	35.6	242	8,447	9,201	7,955	94	1,346	49,337	3,934	1,809
Service occupations	96,376	48,839	53.8	731	4,487	21,826	20,066	285	1,444	41,978	4,389	1,170
Sales and related occupations	7,147	2,791	41.5	67	254	1,284	927	22	237	3,939	389	28
Office and administrative support	294,669	109,129	38.5	1,879	13,208	44,413	43,178	666	5,785	174,487	9,067	1,986
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	5,769	1,854	34.3	62	211	798	672	13	98	3,558	292	65
Production, transportation, and material moving	3,160	1,255	41.6	30	85	685	371	12	72	1,760	122	23

Full-time	2,581,456	785,899	32.6	13,471	201,995	270,005	252,417	5,063	42,948	1,624,720	92,673	78,164
Faculty (instruction/research/public service)	842,407	209,791	27.6	3,338	96,128	49,454	48,668	1,171	11,032	550,316	29,987	52,313
Instruction	728,969	181,875	26.8	3,090	80,474	45,190	42,626	1,081	9,414	496,751	25,085	25,258
Research	86,731	20,263	35.8	152	12,031	2,568	4,270	57	1,185	36,337	3,984	26,147
Public service	26,707	7,653	30.8	96	3,623	1,696	1,772	33	433	17,228	918	908
Graduate assistants	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Librarians, curators, and archivists	32,525	7,115	22.7	187	1,789	2,182	2,325	57	575	24,231	972	207
Student and academic affairs and other education services	122,471	40,105	34.2	927	5,287	16,994	13,826	396	2,675	77,295	3,950	1,121
Management	270,280	71,744	27.4	1,321	12,713	31,063	22,072	455	4,120	189,634	7,551	1,351
Business and financial operations	229,788	74,466	33.9	1,163	16,795	26,119	25,433	483	4,473	145,382	8,001	1,939
Computer, engineering, and science	229,404	67,682	32.7	972	27,523	15,008	19,491	352	4,336	139,546	8,796	13,380
Community, social service, legal, arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media	173,579	51,450	31.1	978	6,877	20,840	18,271	535	3,949	114,091	6,785	1,253
Healthcare practitioners and technicians	98,457	33,122	36.7	279	10,899	10,363	9,803	111	1,667	57,146	5,322	2,867
Service occupations	191,599	91,468	50.4	1,579	8,169	42,030	36,424	556	2,710	90,028	8,303	1,800
Sales and related occupations	9,149	3,596	41.5	87	293	1,694	1,198	39	285	5,070	452	31
Office and administrative support	302,695	113,563	38.9	1,933	13,637	45,751	45,423	708	6,111	178,104	9,438	1,590
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	64,486	16,497	26.8	576	1,389	6,110	7,485	155	782	45,157	2,595	237
Production, transportation, and material moving	14,616	5,300	37.8	131	496	2,397	1,998	45	233	8,720	521	75

Part-time	1,298,866	319,096	29.9	5,747	81,224	109,124	97,005	2,425	23,571	748,301	83,840	147,629
Faculty (instruction/research/public service)	665,234	158,684	26.1	3,344	36,944	62,601	44,870	1,428	9,497	449,013	49,883	7,654
Instruction	648,473	154,643	26.1	3,247	35,317	61,477	43,936	1,386	9,280	438,976	48,673	6,181
Research	9,867	2,121	28.0	43	1,089	317	524	22	126	5,452	873	1,421
Public service	6,894	1,920	29.5	54	538	807	410	20	91	4,585	337	52
Graduate assistants	398,862	88,419	36.5	914	31,744	18,292	27,453	396	9,620	153,778	21,453	135,212
Librarians, curators, and archivists	5,139	1,346	27.7	32	260	569	390	18	77	3,511	231	51
Student and academic affairs and other education services	49,929	14,627	31.5	340	2,144	5,795	5,356	89	903	31,768	2,698	836
Management	6,466	1,406	23.0	46	315	610	352	6	77	4,713	282	65
Business and financial operations	11,732	2,742	24.9	54	606	995	875	36	176	8,288	576	126
Computer, engineering, and science	15,960	4,774	33.4	78	1,654	1,177	1,534	27	304	9,501	776	909
Community, social service, legal, arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media	32,259	7,828	26.2	192	891	3,464	2,491	134	656	22,093	2,102	236
Healthcare practitioners and technicians	16,709	4,696	31.1	45	1,879	1,385	1,120	25	242	10,400	856	757
Service occupations	29,484	10,728	39.1	282	884	5,469	3,442	122	529	16,730	1,733	293
Sales and related occupations	1,534	397	28.4	10	77	135	120	5	50	1,001	117	19
Office and administrative support	59,320	21,928	39.7	341	3,695	7,809	8,655	116	1,312	33,310	2,679	1,403
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	3,500	837	26.3	47	81	409	216	10	74	2,348	265	50
Production, transportation, and material moving	2,738	684	27.0	22	50	414	131	13	54	1,847	189	18

Public 4-year	2,074,514	592,102	32.4	11,053	163,771	188,255	189,720	3,398	35,905	1,235,087	87,266	160,059
Faculty (instruction/research/public service)	696,130	173,446	27.7	3,306	72,936	43,847	43,404	941	9,012	452,508	33,103	37,073
Instruction	618,428	156,396	27.5	3,054	63,893	41,159	39,439	864	7,987	412,732	29,030	20,270
Research	59,601	12,943	32.3	142	7,455	1,609	2,899	49	789	27,170	3,310	16,178
Public service	18,101	4,107	24.6	110	1,588	1,079	1,066	28	236	12,606	763	625
Graduate assistants	309,142	67,715	35.8	770	23,505	14,190	21,761	271	7,218	121,603	15,042	104,782
Librarians, curators, and archivists	17,770	4,265	24.9	129	976	1,309	1,474	26	351	12,879	504	122
Student and academic affairs and other education services	71,608	22,215	32.6	631	2,972	9,125	7,811	206	1,470	45,929	2,441	1,023
Management	133,361	34,991	27.1	771	6,060	15,435	10,556	198	1,971	94,145	3,397	828
Business and financial operations	145,675	46,239	33.1	804	10,747	15,618	15,977	309	2,784	93,356	4,889	1,191
Computer, engineering, and science	153,253	43,012	31.1	699	17,389	8,980	12,848	217	2,879	95,397	5,516	9,328
Community, social service, legal, arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media	104,634	33,067	33.1	697	4,612	12,381	12,503	340	2,534	66,688	4,102	777
Healthcare practitioners and technicians	76,277	24,234	34.7	255	8,421	7,597	6,647	64	1,250	45,688	4,589	1,766
Service occupations	121,265	57,654	50.3	1,102	5,868	26,386	22,137	327	1,834	57,054	5,353	1,204
Sales and related occupations	2,325	621	28.4	23	99	245	194	9	51	1,562	119	23
Office and administrative support	186,436	69,264	38.7	1,322	8,832	27,178	27,788	358	3,786	109,618	5,830	1,724
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	44,974	11,372	26.5	432	964	4,270	5,023	96	587	31,548	1,890	164
Production, transportation, and material moving	11,664	4,007	36.0	112	390	1,694	1,597	36	178	7,112	491	54

Public 2-year	467,260	134,024	29.9	3,786	20,182	53,826	48,545	1,186	6,499	313,531	16,823	2,882
Faculty (instruction/research/public service)	250,701	58,239	24.4	1,605	11,534	22,798	18,840	548	2,914	180,634	10,349	1,479
Instruction	247,927	57,341	24.3	1,585	11,459	22,206	18,663	541	2,887	178,894	10,246	1,446
Research	152	37	25.5	1	5	10	17	1	3	108	6	1
Public service	2,622	861	34.5	19	70	582	160	6	24	1,632	97	32
Graduate assistants	17	8	47.1	1	1	6	0	0	0	9	0	0
Librarians, curators, and archivists	4,409	1,129	26.6	38	187	424	407	20	53	3,123	130	27
Student and academic affairs and other education services	40,595	13,470	34.5	407	1,568	5,368	5,291	106	730	25,531	1,393	201
Management	31,036	8,838	29.3	248	935	4,400	2,813	60	382	21,277	848	73
Business and financial operations	16,534	6,086	38.0	176	852	2,299	2,453	29	277	9,938	405	105
Computer, engineering, and science	13,066	4,069	32.1	130	1,027	1,150	1,514	29	219	8,598	311	88
Community, social service, legal, arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media	21,821	7,564	36.0	207	644	3,533	2,696	93	391	13,460	698	99
Healthcare practitioners and technicians	1,291	278	22.2	7	49	98	103	4	17	974	37	2
Service occupations	27,440	11,974	45.7	365	698	5,642	4,782	95	392	14,205	1,025	236
Sales and related occupations	1,154	268	23.7	22	37	102	86	1	20	864	19	3
Office and administrative support	53,071	20,386	39.9	470	2,517	7,276	8,915	184	1,024	30,681	1,456	548
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	4,984	1,364	28.1	97	111	562	515	14	65	3,486	113	21
Production, transportation, and material moving	1,141	351	31.9	13	22	168	130	3	15	751	39	0

Private nonprofit 4-year	1,225,939	336,286	30.6	3,743	93,009	119,137	97,272	2,415	20,710	761,654	65,400	62,599
Faculty (instruction/research/public service)	493,226	113,886	25.9	1,426	44,728	34,895	25,182	838	6,817	326,629	31,376	21,335
Instruction	443,645	99,952	24.7	1,355	36,584	32,803	22,380	792	6,038	304,601	29,449	9,643
Research	36,760	9,367	39.3	52	5,647	1,260	1,865	28	515	14,468	1,536	11,389
Public service	12,821	4,567	37.7	19	2,497	832	937	18	264	7,560	391	303
Graduate assistants	89,383	20,606	39.1	142	8,209	4,066	5,666	125	2,398	32,065	6,283	30,429
Librarians, curators, and archivists	14,812	2,901	20.5	47	855	971	765	25	238	11,272	531	108
Student and academic affairs and other education services	49,238	14,114	30.6	176	2,362	6,215	4,263	107	991	32,085	2,325	714
Management	102,934	26,025	26.2	301	5,489	10,626	7,864	168	1,577	73,121	3,282	506
Business and financial operations	75,453	23,270	32.5	209	5,554	8,699	7,192	158	1,458	48,292	3,131	760
Computer, engineering, and science	77,312	24,719	35.9	215	10,571	5,919	6,420	124	1,470	44,134	3,667	4,792
Community, social service, legal, arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media	75,997	17,346	24.3	241	2,364	7,866	5,133	222	1,520	54,153	3,894	604
Healthcare practitioners and technicians	37,394	13,216	38.9	60	4,281	4,031	4,145	66	633	20,780	1,543	1,855
Service occupations	70,557	31,511	47.5	373	2,430	15,095	12,390	245	978	34,800	3,600	646
Sales and related occupations	3,129	879	30.5	12	107	337	335	21	67	2,006	225	19
Office and administrative support	114,525	41,876	38.3	423	5,558	17,827	15,547	246	2,275	67,427	4,531	691
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	17,566	4,382	26.4	90	385	1,657	1,998	54	198	12,246	837	101
Production, transportation, and material moving	4,413	1,555	37.0	28	116	933	372	16	90	2,644	175	39

Private nonprofit 2-year	5,910	2,295	40.4	67	147	1,399	545	11	126	3,392	215	8
Faculty (instruction/research/public service)	2,546	727	30.0	16	54	514	105	4	34	1,700	115	4
Instruction	2,538	725	30.0	16	53	513	105	4	34	1,694	115	4
Research	8	2	25.0	0	1	1	0	0	0	6	0	0
Public service	0	0	†	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Graduate assistants	0	0	†	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Librarians, curators, and archivists	57	8	14.0	0	0	5	2	1	0	49	0	0
Student and academic affairs and other education services	853	481	58.8	5	26	274	144	1	31	337	33	2
Management	641	238	37.8	7	21	135	58	1	16	392	11	0
Business and financial operations	211	64	31.2	8	5	35	12	2	2	141	6	0
Computer, engineering, and science	105	44	43.6	2	15	14	10	1	2	57	3	1
Community, social service, legal, arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media	186	64	34.8	4	2	32	21	0	5	120	1	1
Healthcare practitioners and technicians	16	5	31.3	0	0	4	1	0	0	11	0	0
Service occupations	186	93	50.3	8	1	54	28	1	1	92	1	0
Sales and related occupations	441	304	72.2	6	9	173	94	0	22	117	20	0
Office and administrative support	620	254	42.6	11	14	150	66	0	13	342	24	0
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	37	8	21.6	0	0	6	2	0	0	29	0	0
Production, transportation, and material moving	11	5	50.0	0	0	3	2	0	0	5	1	0

Private for-profit 4-year	84,652	30,207	38.6	442	5,023	12,494	9,279	345	2,624	48,083	6,159	203
Faculty (instruction/research/public service)	53,103	17,167	35.4	256	3,210	7,869	4,262	186	1,384	31,349	4,520	67
Instruction	53,004	17,116	35.3	254	3,198	7,859	4,239	184	1,382	31,307	4,514	67
Research	61	25	42.4	0	8	3	11	1	2	34	2	0
Public service	38	26	76.5	2	4	7	12	1	0	8	4	0
Graduate assistants	320	90	47.1	1	29	30	26	0	4	101	128	1
Librarians, curators, and archivists	499	124	26.8	3	22	29	59	2	9	338	36	1
Student and academic affairs and other education services	8,048	3,478	45.5	37	404	1,439	1,257	56	285	4,164	401	5
Management	6,030	1,855	32.0	27	367	623	630	24	184	3,943	225	7
Business and financial operations	2,511	978	41.1	18	188	280	382	12	98	1,404	120	9
Computer, engineering, and science	1,429	533	41.6	3	150	109	200	6	65	747	69	80
Community, social service, legal, arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media	2,937	1,082	39.4	18	138	416	352	13	145	1,667	184	4
Healthcare practitioners and technicians	159	72	47.7	2	25	11	23	2	9	79	7	1
Service occupations	1,341	795	62.0	12	49	271	425	9	29	488	53	5
Sales and related occupations	2,494	1,253	53.6	28	94	682	311	11	127	1,083	153	5
Office and administrative support	5,380	2,567	50.1	35	325	709	1,203	20	275	2,556	240	17
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	278	147	57.0	2	4	13	121	1	6	111	19	1
Production, transportation, and material moving	123	66	55.5	0	18	13	28	3	4	53	4	0

Private for-profit 2-year	22,047	10,081	47.2	127	1,087	4,018	4,061	133	655	11,274	650	42
Faculty (instruction/research/public service)	11,935	5,010	43.5	73	610	2,132	1,745	82	368	6,509	407	9
Instruction	11,900	4,988	43.4	73	604	2,127	1,736	82	366	6,499	404	9
Research	16	10	76.9	0	4	2	2	0	2	3	3	0
Public service	19	12	63.2	0	2	3	7	0	0	7	0	0
Graduate assistants	0	0	†	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Librarians, curators, and archivists	117	34	29.6	2	9	13	8	1	1	81	2	0
Student and academic affairs and other education services	2,058	974	48.9	11	99	368	416	9	71	1,017	55	12
Management	2,744	1,203	45.0	13	156	454	503	10	67	1,469	70	2
Business and financial operations	1,136	571	51.4	2	55	183	292	9	30	539	26	0
Computer, engineering, and science	199	79	40.9	1	25	13	33	2	5	114	6	0
Community, social service, legal, arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media	263	155	61.8	3	8	76	57	1	10	96	8	4
Healthcare practitioners and technicians	29	13	48.1	0	2	7	4	0	0	14	2	0
Service occupations	294	169	58.7	1	7	51	104	1	5	119	4	2
Sales and related occupations	1,140	668	60.3	6	24	290	298	2	48	439	33	0
Office and administrative support	1,983	1,144	59.2	13	86	420	559	16	50	790	36	13
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	147	61	41.8	2	6	11	42	0	0	85	1	0
Production, transportation, and material moving	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	0
†Not applicable.
¹Race/ethnicity not collected.
²Combined total of staff who were American Indian/Alaska Native, Asian, Black, Hispanic, Pacific Islander, and of Two or more races as a percentage of total staff, excluding race/ethnicity unknown and nonresidents.
NOTE: Data in this table represent the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Data are for degree-granting institutions and U.S. service academies. Degree-granting institutions grant associate’s or higher degrees and participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs. By definition, all graduate assistants are part time. Race categories exclude persons of Hispanic ethnicity.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Human Resources component, Spring 2023 (provisional data). (This table was prepared December 2023.)

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