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| 2022 Tables and Figures | All Years of Tables and Figures | Most Recent Full Issue of the Digest |
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| Table 501.70. | Employment-to-population ratios of females 16 to 64 years old, by age group and highest level of educational attainment: Selected years, 1975 through 2022 |
| [Standard errors appear in parentheses] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age group and highest level of educational attainment | 1975 | 1980 | 1985 | 1990 | 1995 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2015 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 16 to 19 years old, all education levels1 |
--- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 56.6 | (2.72) | 52.2 | (2.93) | 55.1 | (2.98) | 51.0 | (1.88) | 42.3 | (1.88) | 46.9 | (1.88) | 54.6 | (2.24) | 53.1 | (2.21) | 58.9 | (1.96) | 52.5 | (2.39) | 53.0 | (2.18) | 49.0 | (2.16) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Less than high school completion | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 36.0 | (4.13) | 36.5 | (4.23) | 38.9 | (4.42) | 30.3 | (2.72) | 26.8 | (2.75) | 33.3 | (2.82) | 36.0 | (3.24) | 40.4 | (4.12) | 41.4 | (3.49) | 32.7 | (3.32) | 38.1 | (4.04) | 33.9 | (3.36) | |||||||||||||||||||
| High school completion2 | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 70.5 | (3.38) | 64.1 | (4.22) | 65.2 | (4.22) | 67.0 | (2.60) | 51.2 | (2.99) | 52.8 | (2.83) | 65.6 | (3.00) | 57.5 | (2.85) | 68.4 | (2.96) | 62.8 | (3.50) | 56.0 | (3.02) | 55.9 | (3.14) | |||||||||||||||||||
| At least some college | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 73.1 | (11.73) | 68.3 | (8.37) | 79.1 | (7.56) | 63.6 | (6.23) | 54.4 | (5.29) | 67.7 | (5.08) | 65.0 | (5.75) | 70.5 | (5.43) | 73.4 | (4.88) | 67.6 | (6.03) | 73.5 | (4.87) | 62.8 | (5.72) | |||||||||||||||||||
20 to 24 years old, all education levels1 |
--- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 68.2 | (1.29) | 66.3 | (1.34) | 71.5 | (1.35) | 67.0 | (1.01) | 62.4 | (1.01) | 67.7 | (0.88) | 73.2 | (0.89) | 73.6 | (0.98) | 74.9 | (0.89) | 72.5 | (1.11) | 70.0 | (1.09) | 72.3 | (0.93) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Less than high school completion | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 36.7 | (3.08) | 33.6 | (3.18) | 46.2 | (3.57) | 38.5 | (2.20) | 33.3 | (2.50) | 42.0 | (3.18) | 39.5 | (3.09) | 38.5 | (3.52) | 48.9 | (3.97) | 44.6 | (4.17) | 45.8 | (3.56) | 37.6 | (3.88) | |||||||||||||||||||
| High school completion2 | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 68.8 | (1.84) | 62.2 | (2.19) | 70.0 | (2.15) | 65.0 | (1.47) | 55.6 | (1.43) | 61.6 | (1.41) | 66.9 | (1.54) | 67.1 | (1.50) | 67.5 | (1.66) | 64.1 | (1.95) | 63.3 | (1.69) | 65.2 | (1.59) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Some college, no bachelor's degree3 |
--- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 80.9 | (2.39) | 80.3 | (2.12) | 81.4 | (2.23) | 76.6 | (1.72) | 71.2 | (1.65) | 72.9 | (1.54) | 77.6 | (1.38) | 80.4 | (1.55) | 78.2 | (1.54) | 75.0 | (1.86) | 72.6 | (1.90) | 77.5 | (1.91) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Bachelor's or higher degree | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 92.0 | 4 | (2.12) | 90.8 | (2.19) | 86.9 | (2.61) | 88.4 | (1.53) | 86.7 | (1.67) | 87.6 | (1.42) | 89.8 | (1.30) | 88.9 | (1.57) | 90.9 | (1.40) | 89.3 | (1.48) | 86.4 | (1.48) | 90.2 | (1.37) | ||||||||||||||||||
25 to 64 years old, all education levels |
48.5 | (0.46) | 56.5 | (0.44) | 60.8 | (0.43) | 66.0 | (0.42) | 68.3 | (0.40) | 71.2 | (0.39) | 68.4 | (0.23) | 66.9 | (0.23) | 67.1 | (0.24) | 68.8 | (0.24) | 69.0 | (0.24) | 69.8 | (0.25) | 69.3 | (0.27) | 67.8 | (0.27) | 70.4 | (0.24) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Less than high school completion | 37.7 | (0.80) | 39.8 | (0.86) | 39.1 | (0.97) | 41.8 | (1.06) | 43.2 | (1.15) | 45.8 | (1.24) | 43.4 | (0.72) | 41.6 | (0.81) | 40.5 | (0.81) | 43.1 | (0.90) | 43.2 | (0.84) | 42.1 | (0.83) | 42.1 | (1.03) | 39.1 | (0.97) | 42.9 | (1.11) | |||||||||||||||||||
| High school completion2 | 50.1 | (0.70) | 58.2 | (0.65) | 60.8 | (0.65) | 65.6 | (0.64) | 65.7 | (0.69) | 68.6 | (0.70) | 64.2 | (0.44) | 61.9 | (0.44) | 59.1 | (0.48) | 60.2 | (0.50) | 60.4 | (0.50) | 61.5 | (0.52) | 60.1 | (0.57) | 57.4 | (0.51) | 61.3 | (0.52) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Some college, no bachelor's degree3 |
53.8 | (1.30) | 63.7 | (1.07) | 69.0 | (0.98) | 73.2 | (0.88) | 73.8 | (0.71) | 76.0 | (0.70) | 72.8 | (0.42) | 69.4 | (0.45) | 69.3 | (0.45) | 71.0 | (0.42) | 70.1 | (0.46) | 70.9 | (0.43) | 69.7 | (0.47) | 68.1 | (0.47) | 70.4 | (0.51) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Bachelor's or higher degree | 65.6 | 4 | (1.29) | 71.8 | 4 | (1.01) | 76.7 | 4 | (0.88) | 79.8 | 4 | (0.78) | 80.8 | (0.71) | 80.8 | (0.66) | 78.1 | (0.40) | 76.9 | (0.36) | 78.2 | (0.35) | 78.8 | (0.35) | 79.3 | (0.38) | 79.9 | (0.40) | 79.2 | (0.37) | 78.3 | (0.39) | 80.5 | (0.35) | |||||||||||||||
25 to 34 years old, all education levels |
49.3 | (0.83) | 61.6 | (0.73) | 65.9 | (0.72) | 69.6 | (0.70) | 70.2 | (0.71) | 74.1 | (0.74) | 69.0 | (0.48) | 68.0 | (0.44) | 69.0 | (0.51) | 72.6 | (0.50) | 72.8 | (0.49) | 73.4 | (0.47) | 73.1 | (0.48) | 71.3 | (0.49) | 74.7 | (0.48) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Less than high school completion | 33.7 | (1.74) | 42.3 | (1.91) | 38.7 | (2.05) | 42.5 | (2.12) | 43.5 | (2.25) | 47.6 | (2.56) | 42.7 | (1.44) | 40.2 | (1.35) | 36.5 | (1.73) | 41.5 | (1.81) | 40.5 | (2.13) | 39.1 | (1.96) | 41.1 | (2.29) | 38.3 | (2.36) | 43.9 | (2.39) | |||||||||||||||||||
| High school completion2 | 48.1 | (1.22) | 59.4 | (1.12) | 63.9 | (1.11) | 67.5 | (1.11) | 67.2 | (1.27) | 70.7 | (1.43) | 62.5 | (0.99) | 61.4 | (1.14) | 58.6 | (1.08) | 61.5 | (1.13) | 61.9 | (1.15) | 63.0 | (1.05) | 60.3 | (1.10) | 56.9 | (1.19) | 62.9 | (1.07) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Some college, no bachelor's degree3 |
53.6 | (2.06) | 66.3 | (1.58) | 71.0 | (1.46) | 74.5 | (1.40) | 73.0 | (1.26) | 76.3 | (1.31) | 73.0 | (0.81) | 67.7 | (0.80) | 70.6 | (0.83) | 74.9 | (0.78) | 73.7 | (0.90) | 74.2 | (0.81) | 73.9 | (0.85) | 70.2 | (0.87) | 73.9 | (0.96) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Bachelor's or higher degree | 66.3 | 4 | (1.88) | 75.5 | 4 | (1.42) | 80.6 | 4 | (1.26) | 83.2 | 4 | (1.18) | 83.4 | (1.16) | 84.7 | (1.11) | 80.1 | (0.72) | 79.9 | (0.63) | 80.9 | (0.67) | 82.5 | (0.63) | 82.7 | (0.62) | 83.4 | (0.62) | 82.7 | (0.69) | 83.0 | (0.62) | 85.0 | (0.59) | |||||||||||||||
35 to 44 years old, all education levels |
51.9 | (0.95) | 62.8 | (0.87) | 67.7 | (0.80) | 73.3 | (0.72) | 73.8 | (0.68) | 75.1 | (0.67) | 72.8 | (0.38) | 69.9 | (0.42) | 71.3 | (0.42) | 72.1 | (0.43) | 72.8 | (0.44) | 73.4 | (0.44) | 72.7 | (0.51) | 70.5 | (0.51) | 74.6 | (0.42) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Less than high school completion | 42.8 | (1.76) | 48.2 | (1.90) | 46.4 | (2.13) | 51.0 | (2.35) | 49.7 | (2.33) | 52.5 | (2.35) | 51.5 | (1.33) | 44.8 | (1.54) | 45.5 | (1.44) | 48.6 | (1.71) | 46.9 | (1.53) | 48.4 | (1.65) | 46.8 | (1.92) | 42.3 | (1.61) | 49.6 | (1.76) | |||||||||||||||||||
| High school completion2 | 53.9 | (1.38) | 64.7 | (1.28) | 67.8 | (1.22) | 72.7 | (1.13) | 71.7 | (1.19) | 74.7 | (1.18) | 71.6 | (0.74) | 66.3 | (0.87) | 62.8 | (0.99) | 63.7 | (1.00) | 63.7 | (1.03) | 64.0 | (1.03) | 64.8 | (1.19) | 61.6 | (1.29) | 66.1 | (1.09) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Some college, no bachelor's degree3 |
55.1 | (2.67) | 67.8 | (2.14) | 73.6 | (1.73) | 77.9 | (1.44) | 78.5 | (1.16) | 79.4 | (1.16) | 76.1 | (0.67) | 72.2 | (0.74) | 74.5 | (0.70) | 74.2 | (0.82) | 74.8 | (0.82) | 75.0 | (0.87) | 72.1 | (0.95) | 71.0 | (0.95) | 74.5 | (0.96) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Bachelor's or higher degree | 63.2 | 4 | (2.73) | 73.0 | 4 | (1.97) | 78.5 | 4 | (1.53) | 81.2 | 4 | (1.30) | 81.5 | (1.19) | 80.2 | (1.20) | 78.1 | (0.66) | 78.3 | (0.59) | 81.0 | (0.57) | 80.1 | (0.58) | 81.4 | (0.58) | 82.1 | (0.61) | 81.1 | (0.65) | 79.2 | (0.66) | 82.6 | (0.60) | |||||||||||||||
45 to 54 years old, all education levels |
51.5 | (0.93) | 57.1 | (0.94) | 62.1 | (0.98) | 68.6 | (0.92) | 72.9 | (0.80) | 76.0 | (0.73) | 73.2 | (0.40) | 71.3 | (0.44) | 70.8 | (0.46) | 72.2 | (0.52) | 72.6 | (0.46) | 73.8 | (0.43) | 73.5 | (0.49) | 72.0 | (0.53) | 73.8 | (0.52) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Less than high school completion | 41.5 | (1.55) | 43.9 | (1.71) | 44.3 | (2.06) | 47.6 | (2.22) | 50.6 | (2.43) | 52.3 | (2.57) | 47.8 | (1.40) | 45.2 | (1.61) | 47.3 | (1.50) | 47.7 | (1.67) | 48.7 | (1.73) | 48.7 | (1.68) | 45.9 | (1.81) | 43.1 | (1.77) | 46.0 | (2.06) | |||||||||||||||||||
| High school completion2 | 53.8 | (1.37) | 60.2 | (1.37) | 64.2 | (1.41) | 69.9 | (1.35) | 71.1 | (1.36) | 72.9 | (1.33) | 69.5 | (0.83) | 67.1 | (0.72) | 64.5 | (0.93) | 65.6 | (0.96) | 65.4 | (0.89) | 68.2 | (1.00) | 66.4 | (1.19) | 64.3 | (1.05) | 64.5 | (1.19) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Some college, no bachelor's degree3 |
58.1 | (2.78) | 64.7 | (2.56) | 69.7 | (2.45) | 75.2 | (2.08) | 76.9 | (1.46) | 80.6 | (1.28) | 76.9 | (0.72) | 75.5 | (0.74) | 72.8 | (0.80) | 74.8 | (0.82) | 74.0 | (0.95) | 74.3 | (0.86) | 74.6 | (0.93) | 73.1 | (0.94) | 75.9 | (0.99) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Bachelor's or higher degree | 72.2 | 4 | (2.87) | 72.3 | 4 | (2.55) | 77.3 | 4 | (2.24) | 81.8 | 4 | (1.76) | 83.8 | (1.36) | 84.5 | (1.17) | 82.8 | (0.72) | 79.7 | (0.69) | 80.8 | (0.63) | 81.0 | (0.71) | 82.5 | (0.67) | 82.6 | (0.69) | 82.2 | (0.66) | 80.5 | (0.72) | 83.0 | (0.71) | |||||||||||||||
55 to 64 years old, all education levels |
39.7 | (0.99) | 40.5 | (0.94) | 41.1 | (0.99) | 44.0 | (1.05) | 47.5 | (1.08) | 51.9 | (1.06) | 54.8 | (0.61) | 57.1 | (0.53) | 57.0 | (0.49) | 58.4 | (0.52) | 57.9 | (0.52) | 58.7 | (0.57) | 58.1 | (0.49) | 57.4 | (0.53) | 58.7 | (0.53) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Less than high school completion | 33.5 | (1.39) | 29.4 | (1.41) | 31.2 | (1.60) | 30.5 | (1.80) | 30.3 | (2.07) | 30.9 | (2.26) | 30.5 | (1.33) | 35.1 | (1.54) | 32.1 | (1.42) | 34.8 | (1.37) | 36.4 | (1.58) | 32.8 | (1.72) | 35.3 | (1.73) | 33.5 | (1.68) | 33.4 | (1.66) | |||||||||||||||||||
| High school completion2 | 42.6 | (1.65) | 45.8 | (1.48) | 42.8 | (1.48) | 45.7 | (1.60) | 47.5 | (1.66) | 51.3 | (1.69) | 50.5 | (0.95) | 52.2 | (0.92) | 51.8 | (0.99) | 52.2 | (0.93) | 52.7 | (1.05) | 53.5 | (0.95) | 52.0 | (1.04) | 49.9 | (0.97) | 54.2 | (1.02) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Some college, no bachelor's degree3 |
45.9 | (3.37) | 48.2 | (2.87) | 51.1 | (2.95) | 54.1 | (2.81) | 57.0 | (2.32) | 58.8 | (2.17) | 60.9 | (1.06) | 59.9 | (1.08) | 59.4 | (0.92) | 60.6 | (0.93) | 58.8 | (1.01) | 61.1 | (0.93) | 59.4 | (0.96) | 59.0 | (1.02) | 59.1 | (1.06) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Bachelor's or higher degree | 57.8 | 4 | (3.72) | 54.0 | 4 | (3.27) | 55.1 | 4 | (3.18) | 58.6 | 4 | (2.98) | 61.9 | (2.81) | 65.1 | (2.28) | 67.5 | (1.22) | 67.5 | (0.98) | 68.1 | (0.86) | 69.5 | (0.94) | 68.5 | (0.98) | 69.1 | (1.00) | 68.2 | (0.98) | 68.5 | (0.85) | 68.5 | (0.92) | |||||||||||||||
| ---Not available. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| †Not applicable. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1Data for 16- to 19-year-olds and 20- to 24-year-olds exclude persons enrolled in school. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2Data for years prior to 1992 are for persons with 4 or more years of high school. Data for later years are for high school completers--i.e., those persons who graduated from high school with a diploma as well as those who completed high school through equivalency programs, such as a GED program. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3Includes persons with no college degree as well as those with an associate's degree. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 4Data are for persons with 4 or more years of college, even if they did not complete a degree. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NOTE: Data are based on sample surveys of the noninstitutionalized population, which excludes persons living in institutions (e.g., prisons or nursing facilities); this table includes only data on the civilian population (excludes all military personnel). For each age group, the employment-to-population ratio of females is the number of females in that age group who are employed as a percentage of the female civilian population in that age group. Caution should be used when comparing 2020, 2021, and 2022 estimates to those of prior years due to the impact that the coronavirus pandemic had on interviewing and response rates. For additional information about the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the Current Population Survey data collection, please see https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/cps/techdocs/cpsmar22.pdf. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Current Population Survey (CPS), Annual Social and Economic Supplement, selected years, 1975 through 2022. (This table was prepared October 2022.) |
