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Digest of Education Statistics
2022 Tables and Figures All Years of Tables and Figures Most Recent Full Issue of the Digest


Table 501.10. Labor force participation, employment, and unemployment of persons 25 to 64 years old, by sex, race/ethnicity, age group, and educational attainment: 2018, 2019, and 2021
[Standard errors appear in parentheses]
Sex, race/ethnicity, age group, and educational attainment Labor force participation Employment Unemployment
Labor force participation rate1 Number of participants
(in thousands)
Employment to population ratio2 Number employed
(in thousands)
Unemployment rate3 Number unemployed (in thousands)
2018 2019 2021 2021 2018 2019 2021 2021 2018 2019 2021 2021
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
All persons 25 to 64 years old, all
     education levels
78.1   (0.04) 78.5   (0.04) 78.3   (0.03) 134,265   (74.6) 75.0   (0.04) 75.6   (0.05) 73.9   (0.04) 126,843   (87.2) 4.0   (0.02) 3.7   (0.02) 5.5   (0.03) 7,423   (40.4)
Less than high school completion 60.8   (0.13) 61.2   (0.15) 60.6   (0.16) 10,441   (54.0) 56.3   (0.13) 57.1   (0.16) 54.9   (0.17) 9,447   (51.3) 7.5   (0.09) 6.7   (0.11) 9.5   (0.13) 993   (13.9)
High school completion4 72.5   (0.09) 72.7   (0.10) 71.6   (0.08) 30,808   (83.5) 68.6   (0.10) 69.1   (0.10) 66.4   (0.09) 28,568   (80.4) 5.3   (0.06) 4.8   (0.06) 7.3   (0.08) 2,239   (24.1)
Some college, no degree 78.0   (0.09) 78.4   (0.09) 77.8   (0.10) 25,561   (74.5) 74.6   (0.09) 75.2   (0.09) 72.6   (0.12) 23,854   (72.6) 4.4   (0.05) 4.1   (0.05) 6.7   (0.08) 1,707   (21.1)
Associate's degree 82.1   (0.12) 82.1   (0.11) 81.3   (0.13) 12,804   (43.0) 79.4   (0.13) 79.5   (0.12) 77.2   (0.14) 12,156   (43.2) 3.3   (0.07) 3.2   (0.06) 5.1   (0.08) 648   (10.3)
Bachelor's or higher degree 86.8   (0.05) 87.3   (0.05) 87.2   (0.05) 54,652   (123.1) 84.7   (0.05) 85.3   (0.06) 84.2   (0.06) 52,817   (120.7) 2.4   (0.03) 2.3   (0.03) 3.4   (0.03) 1,835   (19.2)
Sex                                                                        
Male, all education levels 83.3   (0.05) 83.4   (0.05) 83.0   (0.05) 70,860   (46.2) 80.0   (0.05) 80.4   (0.06) 78.5   (0.06) 66,989   (52.4) 4.0   (0.03) 3.7   (0.03) 5.5   (0.04) 3,872   (25.2)
Less than high school completion 70.2   (0.17) 70.1   (0.20) 69.1   (0.19) 6,667   (36.1) 65.7   (0.18) 66.0   (0.21) 63.4   (0.21) 6,112   (36.0) 6.4   (0.12) 5.8   (0.13) 8.3   (0.15) 555   (10.1)
High school completion4 78.3   (0.11) 78.2   (0.12) 77.0   (0.11) 18,296   (56.6) 74.3   (0.12) 74.4   (0.12) 71.6   (0.12) 17,010   (53.8) 5.1   (0.08) 4.8   (0.07) 7.0   (0.09) 1,286   (16.8)
Some college, no degree 83.3   (0.12) 83.6   (0.10) 83.1   (0.12) 13,527   (54.2) 79.8   (0.13) 80.4   (0.12) 77.9   (0.14) 12,682   (49.8) 4.1   (0.07) 3.9   (0.07) 6.2   (0.10) 845   (14.5)
Associate's degree 86.9   (0.16) 86.9   (0.17) 86.4   (0.14) 5,924   (30.9) 84.0   (0.18) 84.1   (0.19) 82.1   (0.17) 5,629   (30.4) 3.3   (0.10) 3.1   (0.10) 5.0   (0.11) 295   (6.4)
Bachelor's or higher degree 91.8   (0.06) 92.0   (0.07) 91.8   (0.06) 26,446   (68.4) 89.6   (0.08) 89.9   (0.08) 88.7   (0.07) 25,556   (66.6) 2.4   (0.04) 2.3   (0.04) 3.4   (0.05) 891   (13.0)
Female, all education levels 73.0   (0.06) 73.7   (0.06) 73.6   (0.05) 63,405   (51.1) 70.1   (0.06) 71.0   (0.07) 69.5   (0.06) 59,854   (55.2) 4.0   (0.03) 3.7   (0.03) 5.6   (0.04) 3,551   (24.7)
Less than high school completion 49.5   (0.23) 50.4   (0.24) 49.8   (0.23) 3,774   (27.4) 45.0   (0.22) 46.3   (0.26) 44.0   (0.24) 3,335   (26.3) 9.2   (0.16) 8.2   (0.22) 11.6   (0.26) 438   (10.1)
High school completion4 65.5   (0.14) 66.0   (0.14) 64.9   (0.14) 12,512   (47.9) 61.9   (0.15) 62.8   (0.15) 60.0   (0.14) 11,558   (47.0) 5.5   (0.08) 4.9   (0.09) 7.6   (0.12) 953   (15.4)
Some college, no degree 73.0   (0.13) 73.4   (0.15) 72.7   (0.14) 12,034   (42.1) 69.6   (0.13) 70.2   (0.16) 67.5   (0.15) 11,172   (40.9) 4.7   (0.07) 4.3   (0.08) 7.2   (0.11) 862   (13.7)
Associate's degree 78.5   (0.18) 78.6   (0.16) 77.4   (0.17) 6,880   (28.1) 75.9   (0.18) 76.1   (0.17) 73.5   (0.19) 6,527   (27.8) 3.3   (0.09) 3.2   (0.08) 5.1   (0.12) 353   (8.5)
Bachelor's or higher degree 82.6   (0.08) 83.3   (0.08) 83.3   (0.08) 28,206   (71.3) 80.6   (0.08) 81.4   (0.08) 80.5   (0.09) 27,261   (71.7) 2.3   (0.04) 2.3   (0.03) 3.3   (0.05) 945   (13.3)
Race/ethnicity                                                                        
American Indian/Alaska Native, all
     education levels
65.3   (0.59) 66.3   (0.56) 64.7   (0.56) 579   (6.6) 60.0   (0.57) 61.2   (0.57) 58.1   (0.57) 520   (6.7) 8.2   (0.25) 7.7   (0.41) 10.3   (0.55) 59   (3.3)
Less than high school completion 44.4   (1.43) 45.1   (1.67) 42.5   (1.60) 53   (2.7) 37.5   (1.60) 37.9   (1.40) 33.4   (1.69) 41   (2.6) 15.5   (1.62) 16.0   (1.90) 21.3   (2.09) 11   (1.1)
High school completion4 60.7   (1.06) 61.8   (0.96) 59.0   (0.92) 186   (4.8) 54.1   (0.98) 56.5   (0.99) 51.4   (1.04) 162   (4.5) 10.8   (0.64) 8.6   (0.72) 12.9   (1.04) 24   (2.1)
Some college, no degree 69.6   (0.89) 69.5   (1.13) 68.6   (1.13) 157   (4.7) 64.5   (1.01) 63.7   (1.06) 62.5   (1.10) 143   (4.5) 7.3   (0.66) 8.4   (0.85) 8.9   (0.86) 14   (1.4)
Associate's degree 75.7   (1.60) 77.2   (1.28) 73.9   (1.91) 62   (2.8) 71.4   (1.65) 73.7   (1.47) 68.2   (2.21) 57   (2.8) 5.6   (0.86) 4.5   (0.81) 7.7   (1.41) 5   (0.9)
Bachelor's or higher degree 82.2   (0.98) 83.4   (1.10) 85.1   (0.87) 122   (3.0) 79.9   (0.97) 80.8   (1.14) 81.2   (0.99) 117   (2.9) 2.9   (0.43) 3.1   (0.49) 4.6   (0.66) 6   (0.8)
Asian, all education levels 79.9   (0.16) 80.6   (0.13) 80.7   (0.15) 8,864   (23.4) 77.3   (0.17) 78.2   (0.14) 76.4   (0.16) 8,399   (23.0) 3.2   (0.07) 3.0   (0.07) 5.3   (0.10) 465   (8.8)
Less than high school completion 65.1   (0.54) 66.9   (0.64) 64.9   (0.63) 675   (12.3) 62.0   (0.56) 64.2   (0.67) 59.2   (0.67) 616   (11.6) 4.7   (0.27) 4.0   (0.35) 8.8   (0.41) 59   (2.9)
High school completion4 74.3   (0.50) 75.0   (0.44) 73.6   (0.46) 1,035   (16.1) 71.6   (0.49) 72.5   (0.43) 66.9   (0.48) 942   (15.2) 3.6   (0.23) 3.3   (0.23) 9.0   (0.35) 94   (3.9)
Some college, no degree 78.9   (0.43) 79.0   (0.48) 78.6   (0.44) 908   (12.4) 75.9   (0.50) 76.1   (0.51) 73.2   (0.51) 846   (11.9) 3.8   (0.25) 3.7   (0.28) 6.8   (0.30) 62   (2.9)
Associate's degree 79.8   (0.54) 80.7   (0.76) 80.0   (0.47) 562   (8.9) 77.4   (0.63) 78.0   (0.80) 74.8   (0.53) 525   (8.9) 3.0   (0.31) 3.4   (0.30) 6.5   (0.36) 37   (2.0)
Bachelor's or higher degree 83.7   (0.17) 84.2   (0.17) 85.1   (0.16) 5,683   (27.9) 81.3   (0.18) 82.0   (0.17) 81.8   (0.18) 5,469   (27.4) 2.8   (0.08) 2.6   (0.08) 3.8   (0.10) 214   (6.0)
Black, all education levels 74.4   (0.12) 74.8   (0.14) 74.3   (0.12) 15,415   (36.7) 69.1   (0.14) 70.1   (0.15) 67.5   (0.13) 13,998   (38.4) 7.1   (0.11) 6.3   (0.10) 9.2   (0.12) 1,417   (18.7)
Less than high school completion 47.9   (0.38) 48.0   (0.47) 47.4   (0.48) 1,017   (16.7) 40.3   (0.39) 41.3   (0.41) 38.6   (0.49) 828   (15.6) 15.8   (0.51) 14.0   (0.47) 18.6   (0.53) 189   (5.6)
High school completion4 68.7   (0.29) 68.7   (0.28) 67.0   (0.27) 4,291   (28.7) 62.6   (0.30) 63.2   (0.29) 59.2   (0.28) 3,790   (28.3) 8.9   (0.20) 7.9   (0.21) 11.7   (0.25) 501   (11.0)
Some college, no degree 77.6   (0.24) 77.6   (0.25) 76.8   (0.28) 3,751   (27.4) 72.3   (0.26) 72.7   (0.28) 69.1   (0.34) 3,376   (27.4) 6.9   (0.17) 6.4   (0.18) 10.0   (0.28) 376   (10.7)
Associate's degree 82.1   (0.37) 82.4   (0.48) 81.5   (0.36) 1,560   (17.5) 77.7   (0.40) 78.6   (0.50) 75.3   (0.43) 1,442   (17.3) 5.4   (0.25) 4.6   (0.23) 7.5   (0.31) 118   (4.9)
Bachelor's or higher degree 88.7   (0.19) 89.2   (0.20) 89.0   (0.16) 4,795   (26.9) 85.5   (0.21) 86.1   (0.22) 84.7   (0.21) 4,562   (27.7) 3.6   (0.14) 3.5   (0.14) 4.9   (0.16) 233   (7.7)
Hispanic, all education levels 78.0   (0.09) 78.5   (0.09) 78.0   (0.10) 24,533   (36.4) 74.5   (0.09) 75.4   (0.10) 72.9   (0.12) 22,942   (39.2) 4.5   (0.06) 4.0   (0.06) 6.5   (0.07) 1,591   (17.4)
Less than high school completion 69.7   (0.20) 70.0   (0.24) 69.2   (0.20) 5,562   (36.8) 66.0   (0.20) 66.7   (0.26) 64.2   (0.23) 5,158   (35.5) 5.3   (0.12) 4.8   (0.11) 7.3   (0.18) 404   (10.5)
High school completion4 77.1   (0.20) 77.6   (0.19) 76.0   (0.21) 6,817   (35.0) 73.2   (0.20) 74.2   (0.19) 70.6   (0.21) 6,330   (32.9) 5.0   (0.12) 4.4   (0.11) 7.1   (0.13) 487   (9.8)
Some college, no degree 80.5   (0.21) 81.3   (0.22) 81.0   (0.23) 4,552   (31.0) 76.9   (0.24) 78.1   (0.21) 74.9   (0.26) 4,207   (29.9) 4.4   (0.14) 3.9   (0.12) 7.6   (0.17) 345   (7.9)
Associate's degree 84.0   (0.34) 84.0   (0.32) 82.6   (0.35) 1,917   (21.4) 80.7   (0.34) 81.2   (0.36) 77.8   (0.36) 1,805   (20.7) 3.9   (0.17) 3.4   (0.19) 5.8   (0.23) 112   (4.5)
Bachelor's or higher degree 87.5   (0.22) 87.5   (0.19) 87.5   (0.16) 5,685   (38.2) 85.1   (0.23) 85.2   (0.19) 83.7   (0.17) 5,441   (36.5) 2.8   (0.10) 2.7   (0.09) 4.3   (0.12) 243   (7.3)
White, all education levels 78.9   (0.05) 79.3   (0.06) 79.1   (0.05) 79,070   (53.4) 76.3   (0.06) 76.8   (0.06) 75.6   (0.05) 75,578   (59.1) 3.3   (0.03) 3.1   (0.02) 4.4   (0.03) 3,492   (25.3)
Less than high school completion 53.7   (0.25) 53.6   (0.26) 53.2   (0.27) 2,816   (20.8) 49.2   (0.27) 49.4   (0.28) 47.8   (0.28) 2,530   (19.8) 8.5   (0.22) 7.8   (0.20) 10.1   (0.26) 286   (7.7)
High school completion4 72.0   (0.12) 72.1   (0.12) 71.2   (0.10) 17,228   (50.8) 68.8   (0.12) 69.1   (0.12) 67.0   (0.11) 16,207   (48.4) 4.5   (0.07) 4.2   (0.06) 5.9   (0.08) 1,020   (13.7)
Some college, no degree 77.7   (0.12) 78.0   (0.11) 77.4   (0.12) 14,934   (49.5) 74.8   (0.13) 75.3   (0.11) 73.2   (0.13) 14,126   (48.8) 3.7   (0.05) 3.5   (0.05) 5.4   (0.08) 809   (12.7)
Associate's degree 82.0   (0.14) 81.9   (0.13) 81.3   (0.16) 8,109   (32.9) 79.8   (0.15) 79.7   (0.13) 77.9   (0.17) 7,772   (32.4) 2.7   (0.07) 2.7   (0.07) 4.2   (0.09) 338   (7.4)
Bachelor's or higher degree 87.0   (0.06) 87.5   (0.07) 87.3   (0.07) 35,983   (84.2) 85.2   (0.06) 85.7   (0.07) 84.7   (0.07) 34,943   (82.2) 2.0   (0.03) 2.0   (0.03) 2.9   (0.03) 1,040   (12.7)
Two or more races, all education
     levels
77.7   (0.31) 78.3   (0.29) 77.8   (0.22) 4,871   (32.5) 73.5   (0.33) 74.4   (0.31) 72.4   (0.24) 4,537   (31.7) 5.3   (0.21) 5.01   (0.19) 6.9   (0.14) 334   (7.1)
Less than high school completion 52.9   (1.66) 52.4   (1.40) 54.1   (0.93) 249   (7.3) 46.0   (1.59) 47.2   (1.51) 46.4   (0.83) 214   (6.3) 12.9   (1.29) 9.9   (1.31) 14.2   (0.85) 35   (2.5)
High school completion4 70.0   (0.72) 70.5   (0.74) 71.4   (0.45) 1,034   (12.8) 64.5   (0.68) 65.4   (0.80) 65.0   (0.47) 941   (12.3) 7.8   (0.58) 7.31   (0.54) 9.0   (0.38) 93   (4.1)
Some college, no degree 75.9   (0.61) 77.3   (0.65) 75.8   (0.48) 1,069   (15.3) 71.4   (0.69) 72.8   (0.71) 69.6   (0.53) 982   (14.5) 5.9   (0.45) 5.76   (0.45) 8.1   (0.34) 87   (3.8)
Associate's degree 79.6   (1.04) 79.9   (0.97) 79.5   (0.63) 509   (9.6) 76.6   (1.19) 76.1   (1.08) 74.2   (0.71) 475   (9.6) 3.8   (0.57) 4.76   (0.60) 6.6   (0.50) 34   (2.5)
Bachelor's or higher degree 87.5   (0.38) 87.8   (0.35) 87.3   (0.25) 2,010   (21.0) 84.5   (0.40) 85.1   (0.39) 83.6   (0.29) 1,924   (20.1) 3.4   (0.21) 3.05   (0.21) 4.2   (0.17) 85   (3.5)
Age group                                                                        
25 to 34, all education levels 83.2   (0.06) 83.6   (0.07) 82.9   (0.07) 36,968   (42.1) 79.0   (0.07) 79.7   (0.08) 77.4   (0.08) 34,507   (47.8) 5.1   (0.05) 4.7   (0.05) 6.7   (0.06) 2,461   (23.1)
Less than high school completion 63.4   (0.32) 63.0   (0.31) 60.9   (0.38) 2,042   (23.7) 56.4   (0.33) 56.5   (0.34) 52.6   (0.36) 1,763   (21.0) 11.0   (0.27) 10.2   (0.31) 13.7   (0.32) 279   (7.4)
High school completion4 77.4   (0.16) 77.9   (0.17) 75.7   (0.17) 8,251   (40.5) 71.4   (0.19) 72.4   (0.20) 68.4   (0.19) 7,449   (38.9) 7.7   (0.12) 7.1   (0.14) 9.7   (0.14) 802   (12.2)
Some college, no degree 83.5   (0.15) 83.9   (0.16) 82.7   (0.17) 7,412   (36.9) 78.8   (0.17) 79.5   (0.17) 75.8   (0.22) 6,797   (38.5) 5.7   (0.11) 5.3   (0.11) 8.3   (0.16) 615   (11.6)
Associate's degree 87.5   (0.20) 87.3   (0.26) 85.8   (0.22) 3,361   (22.7) 83.9   (0.25) 84.0   (0.29) 80.8   (0.28) 3,165   (24.0) 4.1   (0.14) 3.8   (0.13) 5.8   (0.18) 196   (5.7)
Bachelor's or higher degree 90.6   (0.09) 91.0   (0.09) 91.1   (0.08) 15,902   (57.7) 88.2   (0.10) 88.7   (0.10) 87.8   (0.10) 15,333   (57.3) 2.6   (0.06) 2.5   (0.06) 3.6   (0.07) 569   (11.4)
35 to 44, all education levels 83.0   (0.08) 83.2   (0.07) 82.6   (0.06) 36,020   (36.6) 79.7   (0.07) 80.2   (0.08) 78.2   (0.08) 34,087   (41.1) 3.9   (0.04) 3.6   (0.05) 5.4   (0.06) 1,933   (22.4)
Less than high school completion 67.5   (0.23) 67.5   (0.30) 65.9   (0.31) 2,969   (27.0) 62.4   (0.25) 62.9   (0.31) 59.8   (0.30) 2,695   (25.6) 7.6   (0.15) 6.8   (0.22) 9.2   (0.22) 275   (6.8)
High school completion4 78.0   (0.18) 77.9   (0.19) 76.3   (0.16) 7,476   (34.6) 73.7   (0.19) 74.0   (0.19) 70.5   (0.17) 6,907   (33.2) 5.5   (0.12) 5.0   (0.12) 7.6   (0.15) 569   (11.9)
Some college, no degree 82.8   (0.18) 83.0   (0.18) 82.2   (0.20) 6,482   (34.3) 79.2   (0.18) 79.6   (0.19) 76.6   (0.23) 6,035   (31.9) 4.5   (0.10) 4.1   (0.11) 6.9   (0.14) 447   (10.0)
Associate's degree 86.6   (0.22) 86.6   (0.26) 85.7   (0.23) 3,502   (25.4) 83.9   (0.23) 83.9   (0.28) 81.4   (0.24) 3,330   (24.8) 3.1   (0.11) 3.2   (0.14) 4.9   (0.15) 172   (5.5)
Bachelor's or higher degree 89.9   (0.09) 90.3   (0.11) 90.0   (0.10) 15,589   (48.3) 88.1   (0.10) 88.4   (0.12) 87.3   (0.12) 15,120   (47.6) 2.1   (0.05) 2.0   (0.05) 3.0   (0.06) 469   (8.8)
45 to 54, all education levels 81.0   (0.07) 81.5   (0.08) 81.4   (0.07) 32,994   (38.9) 78.1   (0.08) 78.8   (0.09) 77.4   (0.08) 31,392   (38.5) 3.5   (0.04) 3.3   (0.04) 4.9   (0.05) 1,603   (16.1)
Less than high school completion 64.4   (0.27) 65.2   (0.30) 65.4   (0.25) 2,992   (19.9) 60.2   (0.28) 61.5   (0.28) 59.9   (0.26) 2,739   (18.9) 6.5   (0.17) 5.7   (0.19) 8.5   (0.23) 253   (7.1)
High school completion4 76.4   (0.16) 76.4   (0.17) 75.5   (0.16) 7,459   (36.7) 73.0   (0.17) 73.4   (0.18) 70.8   (0.19) 6,996   (36.2) 4.4   (0.10) 3.9   (0.09) 6.2   (0.13) 464   (9.8)
Some college, no degree 80.9   (0.17) 81.2   (0.18) 81.2   (0.20) 6,085   (37.0) 78.0   (0.19) 78.3   (0.17) 76.7   (0.22) 5,749   (35.8) 3.7   (0.09) 3.6   (0.11) 5.5   (0.13) 336   (8.4)
Associate's degree 84.9   (0.23) 85.2   (0.24) 84.2   (0.27) 3,178   (22.2) 82.5   (0.24) 82.7   (0.24) 80.4   (0.29) 3,032   (21.7) 2.9   (0.13) 2.9   (0.12) 4.6   (0.14) 146   (4.6)
Bachelor's or higher degree 89.3   (0.09) 89.8   (0.09) 89.6   (0.09) 13,280   (45.2) 87.3   (0.10) 87.8   (0.10) 86.9   (0.10) 12,876   (44.3) 2.3   (0.05) 2.3   (0.05) 3.0   (0.05) 404   (7.3)
55 to 64, all education levels 65.0   (0.09) 65.8   (0.09) 66.1   (0.09) 28,283   (38.7) 63.0   (0.09) 63.8   (0.09) 62.8   (0.09) 26,858   (39.2) 3.2   (0.04) 3.0   (0.04) 5.0   (0.05) 1,425   (14.3)
Less than high school completion 48.9   (0.29) 49.8   (0.27) 51.0   (0.29) 2,438   (17.5) 46.5   (0.29) 47.6   (0.28) 47.1   (0.27) 2,251   (16.0) 4.8   (0.18) 4.4   (0.15) 7.7   (0.23) 187   (6.1)
High school completion4 60.2   (0.17) 60.8   (0.16) 61.2   (0.18) 7,621   (35.9) 58.3   (0.16) 58.9   (0.18) 57.9   (0.18) 7,217   (35.2) 3.3   (0.09) 3.1   (0.08) 5.3   (0.10) 404   (7.4)
Some college, no degree 64.8   (0.18) 65.6   (0.18) 65.7   (0.19) 5,581   (26.6) 62.6   (0.19) 63.7   (0.18) 62.1   (0.20) 5,272   (27.1) 3.3   (0.09) 3.0   (0.08) 5.5   (0.12) 309   (6.7)
Associate's degree 69.3   (0.29) 69.6   (0.29) 69.6   (0.26) 2,763   (19.9) 67.3   (0.29) 67.7   (0.30) 66.3   (0.27) 2,630   (20.1) 3.0   (0.12) 2.6   (0.10) 4.8   (0.16) 133   (4.5)
Bachelor's or higher degree 75.1   (0.13) 75.7   (0.13) 75.5   (0.14) 9,880   (32.3) 73.1   (0.13) 73.8   (0.14) 72.5   (0.14) 9,488   (31.4) 2.6   (0.06) 2.6   (0.06) 4.0   (0.08) 393   (7.8)
1Percentage of the civilian population who are employed or seeking employment.
2Number of persons employed as a percentage of the civilian population.
3Percentage of persons in the civilian labor force who are not working and who made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the prior 4 weeks.
4Includes equivalency credentials, such as the GED.
NOTE: Data are for the entire civilian population in the given age range residing within the United States, including persons living in households and persons living in group quarters (e.g., college residence halls, residential treatment centers, or correctional facilities). Race categories exclude persons of Hispanic ethnicity. Totals include racial/ethnic groups not separately shown. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, American Community Survey (ACS), 2018, 2019, and 2021. (This table was prepared March 2023.)

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