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Table 310.20. | Foreign students enrolled in postsecondary institutions in the United States, by continent, region, and selected countries of origin: Selected academic years, 1980-81 through 2021-22 |
Continent, region, and selected countries of origin | 1980-81 | 1985-86 | 1990-91 | 1995-96 | 2000-01 | 2005-06 | 2010-11 | 2015-16 | 2020-21 | 2021-22 | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number | Percent | Number | Percent | Number | Percent | Number | Percent | Number | Percent | Number | Percent | Number | Percent | Number | Percent | Number | Percent | Number | Percent | ||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | |||
Total | 311,880 | 100.0 | 343,780 | 100.0 | 407,272 | 100.0 | 453,787 | 100.0 | 547,873 | 100.0 | 564,766 | 100.0 | 723,249 | 100.0 | 1,043,839 | 100.0 | 914,095 | 100.0 | 948,519 | 100.0 | |||
Sub-Saharan Africa1 |
30,870 | 9.9 | 28,210 | 8.2 | 19,262 | 4.7 | 17,422 | 3.8 | 29,033 | 5.3 | 32,538 | 5.8 | 31,470 | 4.4 | 35,364 | 3.4 | 39,061 | 4.3 | 42,518 | 4.5 | |||
East Africa | 6,260 | 2.0 | 6,730 | 2.0 | 7,592 | 1.9 | 7,596 | 1.7 | 13,516 | 2.5 | 13,635 | 2.4 | 8,863 | 1.2 | 7,690 | 0.7 | 9,319 | 1.0 | 10,157 | 1.1 | |||
Central Africa | 1,130 | 0.4 | 1,540 | 0.4 | 1,647 | 0.4 | 1,346 | 0.3 | 1,859 | 0.3 | 2,825 | 0.5 | 2,831 | 0.4 | 3,311 | 0.3 | 2,899 | 0.3 | 2,871 | 0.3 | |||
Southern Africa | 1,480 | 0.5 | 2,360 | 0.7 | 2,835 | 0.7 | 2,657 | 0.6 | 3,304 | 0.6 | 2,232 | 0.4 | 5,330 | 0.7 | 6,263 | 0.6 | 6,035 | 0.7 | 6,516 | 0.7 | |||
West Africa | 22,000 | 7.1 | 17,580 | 5.1 | 7,178 | 1.8 | 5,818 | 1.3 | 10,346 | 1.9 | 13,846 | 2.5 | 14,446 | 2.0 | 18,100 | 1.7 | 20,808 | 2.3 | 22,974 | 2.4 | |||
Nigeria | 17,350 | 5.6 | 13,710 | 4.0 | 3,714 | 0.9 | 2,093 | 0.5 | 3,820 | 0.7 | 6,192 | 1.1 | 7,148 | 1.0 | 10,674 | 1.0 | 12,860 | 1.4 | 14,438 | 1.5 | |||
Asia |
94,640 | 30.3 | 156,830 | 45.6 | 229,825 | 56.4 | 259,893 | 57.3 | 302,058 | 55.1 | 327,785 | 58.0 | 461,790 | 63.8 | 689,525 | 66.1 | 645,622 | 70.6 | 658,669 | 69.4 | |||
East Asia | 51,650 | 16.6 | 80,720 | 23.5 | 146,017 | 35.9 | 166,717 | 36.7 | 189,371 | 34.6 | 197,576 | 35.0 | 286,925 | 39.7 | 439,702 | 42.1 | 395,808 | 43.3 | 372,378 | 39.3 | |||
China | 2,770 | 0.9 | 13,980 | 4.1 | 39,597 | 9.7 | 39,613 | 8.7 | 59,939 | 10.9 | 62,582 | 11.1 | 157,558 | 21.8 | 328,547 | 31.5 | 317,299 | 34.7 | 290,086 | 30.6 | |||
Hong Kong | 9,660 | 3.1 | 10,710 | 3.1 | 12,625 | 3.1 | 12,018 | 2.6 | 7,627 | 1.4 | 7,849 | 1.4 | 8,136 | 1.1 | 7,923 | 0.8 | 5,878 | 0.6 | 5,848 | 0.6 | |||
Japan | 13,500 | 4.3 | 13,360 | 3.9 | 36,611 | 9.0 | 45,531 | 10.0 | 46,497 | 8.5 | 38,712 | 6.9 | 21,290 | 2.9 | 19,060 | 1.8 | 11,785 | 1.3 | 13,449 | 1.4 | |||
South Korea | 6,150 | 2.0 | 18,660 | 5.4 | 23,362 | 5.7 | 36,231 | 8.0 | 45,685 | 8.3 | 59,022 | 10.5 | 73,351 | 10.1 | 61,007 | 5.8 | 39,491 | 4.3 | 40,755 | 4.3 | |||
Taiwan | 19,460 | 6.2 | 23,770 | 6.9 | 33,531 | 8.2 | 32,702 | 7.2 | 28,566 | 5.2 | 27,876 | 4.9 | 24,818 | 3.4 | 21,127 | 2.0 | 19,673 | 2.2 | 20,487 | 2.2 | |||
South and Central Asia | 14,540 | 4.7 | 25,800 | 7.5 | 42,366 | 10.4 | 45,401 | 10.0 | 71,765 | 13.1 | 94,965 | 16.8 | 128,845 | 17.8 | 195,135 | 18.7 | 201,260 | 22.0 | 237,500 | 25.0 | |||
Bangladesh | 1,180 | 0.4 | 1,930 | 0.6 | 2,533 | 0.6 | 3,360 | 0.7 | 4,114 | 0.8 | 2,581 | 0.5 | 2,873 | 0.4 | 6,513 | 0.6 | 8,598 | 0.9 | 10,597 | 1.1 | |||
India | 9,250 | 3.0 | 16,070 | 4.7 | 28,857 | 7.1 | 31,743 | 7.0 | 54,664 | 10.0 | 76,503 | 13.5 | 103,895 | 14.4 | 165,918 | 15.9 | 167,582 | 18.3 | 199,182 | 21.0 | |||
Nepal | 250 | 0.1 | 390 | 0.1 | 670 | 0.2 | 1,219 | 0.3 | 2,618 | 0.5 | 6,061 | 1.1 | 10,301 | 1.4 | 9,662 | 0.9 | 11,172 | 1.2 | 11,799 | 1.2 | |||
Pakistan | 2,990 | 1.0 | 5,440 | 1.6 | 7,725 | 1.9 | 6,427 | 1.4 | 6,948 | 1.3 | 5,759 | 1.0 | 5,045 | 0.7 | 6,141 | 0.6 | 7,475 | 0.8 | 8,772 | 0.9 | |||
Southeast Asia | 28,450 | 9.1 | 50,310 | 14.6 | 41,441 | 10.2 | 47,774 | 10.5 | 40,916 | 7.5 | 35,244 | 6.2 | 46,020 | 6.4 | 54,688 | 5.2 | 48,554 | 5.3 | 48,791 | 5.1 | |||
Indonesia | 3,250 | 1.0 | 8,210 | 2.4 | 9,524 | 2.3 | 12,820 | 2.8 | 11,625 | 2.1 | 7,575 | 1.3 | 6,942 | 1.0 | 8,727 | 0.8 | 7,489 | 0.8 | 8,003 | 0.8 | |||
Malaysia | 6,010 | 1.9 | 23,020 | 6.7 | 13,606 | 3.3 | 14,015 | 3.1 | 7,795 | 1.4 | 5,515 | 1.0 | 6,735 | 0.9 | 7,834 | 0.8 | 5,280 | 0.6 | 4,933 | 0.5 | |||
Singapore | 1,320 | 0.4 | 3,930 | 1.1 | 4,495 | 1.1 | 4,098 | 0.9 | 4,166 | 0.8 | 3,909 | 0.7 | 4,316 | 0.6 | 4,865 | 0.5 | 3,558 | 0.4 | 3,901 | 0.4 | |||
Thailand | 6,550 | 2.1 | 6,940 | 2.0 | 7,092 | 1.7 | 12,165 | 2.7 | 11,187 | 2.0 | 8,765 | 1.6 | 8,236 | 1.1 | 7,113 | 0.7 | 4,960 | 0.5 | 5,007 | 0.5 | |||
Vietnam | 6,490 | 2.1 | 3,270 | 1.0 | 1,396 | 0.3 | 922 | 0.2 | 2,022 | 0.4 | 4,597 | 0.8 | 14,888 | 2.1 | 21,403 | 2.1 | 21,631 | 2.4 | 20,713 | 2.2 | |||
Europe2 |
28,650 | 9.2 | 38,910 | 11.3 | 55,422 | 13.6 | 76,855 | 16.9 | 93,784 | 17.1 | 84,697 | 15.0 | 84,296 | 11.7 | 91,915 | 8.8 | 67,979 | 7.4 | 83,240 | 8.8 | |||
France | 2,570 | 0.8 | 3,680 | 1.1 | 5,633 | 1.4 | 5,710 | 1.3 | 7,273 | 1.3 | 6,640 | 1.2 | 8,098 | 1.1 | 8,764 | 0.8 | 5,643 | 0.6 | 7,751 | 0.8 | |||
Germany | 3,310 | 3 | 1.1 | 4,730 | 3 | 1.4 | 7,003 | 1.7 | 9,017 | 2.0 | 10,128 | 1.8 | 8,829 | 1.6 | 9,458 | 1.3 | 10,145 | 1.0 | 5,364 | 0.6 | 8,550 | 0.9 | |
Italy | 1,250 | 0.4 | 1,890 | 0.5 | 2,393 | 0.6 | 2,780 | 0.6 | 3,490 | 0.6 | 3,224 | 0.6 | 4,308 | 0.6 | 5,155 | 0.5 | 4,894 | 0.5 | 5,695 | 0.6 | |||
Russia | 630 | 4 | 0.2 | 83 | 4 | # | 1,206 | 4 | 0.3 | 5,589 | 1.2 | 6,858 | 1.3 | 4,801 | 0.9 | 4,692 | 0.6 | 5,444 | 0.5 | 4,805 | 0.5 | 4,802 | 0.5 |
Spain | 950 | 0.3 | 1,740 | 0.5 | 4,304 | 1.1 | 4,809 | 1.1 | 4,156 | 0.8 | 3,455 | 0.6 | 4,330 | 0.6 | 6,640 | 0.6 | 5,781 | 0.6 | 8,165 | 0.9 | |||
Sweden | 1,020 | 0.3 | 1,400 | 0.4 | 2,029 | 0.5 | 3,889 | 0.9 | 4,598 | 0.8 | 3,212 | 0.6 | 3,236 | 0.4 | 4,297 | 0.4 | 2,045 | 0.2 | 2,352 | 0.2 | |||
Turkey2 | 2,600 | 0.8 | 2,460 | 0.7 | 4,078 | 1.0 | 7,678 | 1.7 | 10,983 | 2.0 | 11,622 | 2.1 | 12,184 | 1.7 | 10,691 | 1.0 | 8,109 | 0.9 | 8,467 | 0.9 | |||
United Kingdom | 4,440 | 1.4 | 5,940 | 1.7 | 7,298 | 1.8 | 7,799 | 1.7 | 8,139 | 1.5 | 8,274 | 1.5 | 8,947 | 1.2 | 11,599 | 1.1 | 8,028 | 0.9 | 10,292 | 1.1 | |||
Latin America |
49,810 | 16.0 | 45,480 | 13.2 | 47,318 | 11.6 | 47,253 | 10.4 | 63,634 | 11.6 | 64,769 | 11.5 | 64,169 | 8.9 | 84,908 | 8.1 | 72,850 | 8.0 | 77,969 | 8.2 | |||
Caribbean | 10,650 | 3.4 | 11,100 | 3.2 | 12,349 | 3.0 | 10,737 | 2.4 | 14,423 | 2.6 | 13,855 | 2.5 | 11,644 | 1.6 | 11,042 | 1.1 | 11,175 | 1.2 | 10,789 | 1.1 | |||
Central America | 12,970 | 4.2 | 12,740 | 3.7 | 15,949 | 3.9 | 14,220 | 3.1 | 16,764 | 3.1 | 19,709 | 3.5 | 20,361 | 2.8 | 24,983 | 2.4 | 21,224 | 2.3 | 23,525 | 2.5 | |||
Mexico | 6,730 | 2.2 | 5,460 | 1.6 | 6,739 | 1.7 | 8,687 | 1.9 | 10,670 | 1.9 | 13,931 | 2.5 | 13,713 | 1.9 | 16,733 | 1.6 | 12,986 | 1.4 | 14,500 | 1.5 | |||
South America | 26,190 | 8.4 | 21,640 | 6.3 | 19,019 | 4.7 | 22,296 | 4.9 | 32,447 | 5.9 | 31,205 | 5.5 | 32,164 | 4.4 | 48,883 | 4.7 | 40,451 | 4.4 | 43,655 | 4.6 | |||
Brazil | 2,870 | 0.9 | 2,840 | 0.8 | 3,898 | 1.0 | 5,497 | 1.2 | 8,846 | 1.6 | 7,009 | 1.2 | 8,777 | 1.2 | 19,370 | 1.9 | 14,000 | 1.5 | 14,897 | 1.6 | |||
Colombia | 3,930 | 1.3 | 4,010 | 1.2 | 3,183 | 0.8 | 3,462 | 0.8 | 6,765 | 1.2 | 6,835 | 1.2 | 6,456 | 0.9 | 7,815 | 0.7 | 7,107 | 0.8 | 8,077 | 0.9 | |||
Venezuela | 11,750 | 3.8 | 7,040 | 2.0 | 2,894 | 0.7 | 4,456 | 1.0 | 5,217 | 1.0 | 4,792 | 0.8 | 5,491 | 0.8 | 8,267 | 0.8 | 6,122 | 0.7 | 5,317 | 0.6 | |||
Middle East and North Africa1 |
88,700 | 28.4 | 54,100 | 15.7 | 32,177 | 7.9 | 24,488 | 5.4 | 28,842 | 5.3 | 21,576 | 3.8 | 47,963 | 6.6 | 108,227 | 10.4 | 57,564 | 6.3 | 53,104 | 5.6 | |||
Middle East2 | 81,390 | 26.1 | 48,120 | 14.0 | 27,636 | 6.8 | 21,066 | 4.6 | 23,658 | 4.3 | 17,806 | 3.2 | 42,543 | 5.9 | 100,926 | 9.7 | 51,282 | 5.6 | 46,314 | 4.9 | |||
Iran | 47,550 | 15.2 | 14,210 | 4.1 | 6,262 | 1.5 | 2,628 | 0.6 | 1,844 | 0.3 | 2,420 | 0.4 | 5,626 | 0.8 | 12,269 | 1.2 | 9,614 | 1.1 | 9,295 | 1.0 | |||
Kuwait | 2,990 | 1.0 | 3,810 | 1.1 | 1,624 | 0.4 | 3,035 | 0.7 | 3,045 | 0.6 | 1,703 | 0.3 | 2,998 | 0.4 | 9,772 | 0.9 | 6,846 | 0.7 | 5,923 | 0.6 | |||
Saudi Arabia | 10,440 | 3.3 | 6,900 | 2.0 | 3,584 | 0.9 | 4,191 | 0.9 | 5,273 | 1.0 | 3,448 | 0.6 | 22,704 | 3.1 | 61,287 | 5.9 | 21,933 | 2.4 | 18,206 | 1.9 | |||
North Africa1 | 7,310 | 2.3 | 5,980 | 1.7 | 4,541 | 1.1 | 3,422 | 0.8 | 5,184 | 0.9 | 3,770 | 0.7 | 5,420 | 0.7 | 7,301 | 0.7 | 6,282 | 0.7 | 6,790 | 0.7 | |||
Egypt | 1,860 | 0.6 | 2,270 | 0.7 | 1,777 | 0.4 | 1,490 | 0.3 | 2,255 | 0.4 | 1,509 | 0.3 | 2,181 | 0.3 | 3,442 | 0.3 | 3,672 | 0.4 | 3,967 | 0.4 | |||
North America5 |
14,790 | 4.7 | 16,030 | 4.7 | 18,949 | 4.7 | 23,644 | 5.2 | 25,888 | 4.7 | 28,699 | 5.1 | 27,941 | 3.9 | 26,973 | 2.6 | 25,143 | 2.8 | 27,013 | 2.8 | |||
Canada | 14,320 | 4.6 | 15,410 | 4.5 | 18,350 | 4.5 | 23,005 | 5.1 | 25,279 | 4.6 | 28,202 | 5.0 | 27,546 | 3.8 | 26,973 | 2.6 | 25,143 | 2.8 | 27,013 | 2.8 | |||
Oceania |
4,180 | 1.3 | 4,030 | 1.2 | 4,230 | 1.0 | 4,202 | 0.9 | 4,624 | 0.8 | 4,702 | 0.8 | 5,610 | 0.8 | 6,917 | 0.7 | 5,864 | 0.6 | 5,994 | 0.6 | |||
Australia | 1,530 | 0.5 | 1,530 | 0.4 | 1,906 | 0.5 | 2,244 | 0.5 | 2,645 | 0.5 | 2,806 | 0.5 | 3,777 | 0.5 | 4,752 | 0.5 | 3,623 | 0.4 | 3,892 | 0.4 | |||
Unidentified6 |
240 | 0.1 | 190 | 0.1 | 89 | # | 30 | # | 10 | # | 0 | # | 10 | # | 10 | # | 12 | # | 12 | # |
#Rounds to zero. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
1North Africa was combined with the Middle East to create the "Middle East and North Africa" category as of 2011-12, and the former "Africa" category was replaced by "Sub-Saharan Africa" (which excludes North Africa). Data for years prior to 2011-12 have been revised for comparability. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
2Cyprus and Turkey were classified as being in the Middle East prior to 2004-05 but in Europe for 2004-05 and later years. Data for years prior to 2004-05 have been revised for comparability. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
3Data for 1980-81 and 1985-86 are for West Germany (Federal Republic of Germany before unification). | |||||||||||||||||||||||
4Data for 1980-81, 1985-86, and 1990-91 are for the former U.S.S.R. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
5Excludes Mexico and Central America, which are included in Latin America. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
6Place of origin unknown or undeclared. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
NOTE: Includes foreign students enrolled in American Samoa, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Totals and subtotals include other countries not shown separately. Region totals may not sum to continent totals because some continent totals include students who are not classified by country or region. Data are for "nonimmigrants" (i.e., students who have not migrated to the United States). Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
SOURCE: Institute of International Education, Open Doors: Report on International Educational Exchange, selected years, 1981 through 2022. (This table was prepared January 2023.) |