Table 236.20.

Total expenditures for public elementary and secondary education and other related programs, by function and subfunction: Selected school years, 1990-91 through 2019-20

Function and subfunction	Expenditures in thousands of unadjusted dollars1									Expenditures in thousands of constant 2021–22 dollars2									Percentage distribution of current expenditures for public schools
	1990- 91		2000- 01	2010- 11	2015- 16	2016- 17	2017- 18	2018- 193	2019- 203	1990- 91		2000- 01	2010- 11	2015- 16	2016- 17	2017- 18	2018- 193	2019- 203	1990- 91	2000- 01	2010- 11	2015- 16	2016- 17	2017- 18	2018- 193	2019- 203
1	2		3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10		11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25
Total expenditures	$229,429,715		$410,811,185	$604,355,852	$677,605,095	$706,822,581	$734,579,608	$769,124,638	$793,718,886	$483,171,780		$661,703,702	$770,933,882	$802,027,829	$821,498,906	$834,937,951	$856,453,938	$870,227,302	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Current expenditures for public schools	202,037,752		348,360,841	527,291,339	596,201,554	619,290,762	639,698,559	666,951,524	682,217,081	425,485,166		561,113,394	672,628,150	705,676,863	719,765,748	727,094,243	742,679,705	747,977,578	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
Salaries	132,730,931	4	224,305,806	311,541,792	339,731,757	349,917,515	356,438,529	368,864,061	381,752,932	279,527,176	4	361,294,890	397,411,761	402,113,747	406,688,840	405,135,198	410,746,272	418,550,989	65.70	64.39	59.08	56.98	56.50	55.72	55.31	55.96
Employee benefits	33,954,456	4	57,976,490	111,750,200	136,788,690	145,431,794	152,591,250	161,373,820	165,869,089	71,507,019	4	93,384,162	142,551,801	161,906,008	169,026,943	173,438,283	179,696,810	181,857,598	16.81	16.64	21.19	22.94	23.48	23.85	24.20	24.31
Purchased services	16,380,643	4	31,778,754	53,498,786	64,572,861	66,989,885	71,525,900	75,307,541	75,144,526	34,497,120	4	51,186,822	68,244,605	76,429,815	77,858,460	81,297,776	83,858,242	82,387,883	8.11	9.12	10.15	10.83	10.82	11.18	11.29	11.01
Tuition	1,192,505	4	2,458,366	4,988,203	5,743,719	6,123,806	8,615,317	9,009,369	8,988,735	2,511,379	4	3,959,751	6,363,096	6,798,388	7,117,344	9,792,343	10,032,327	9,855,181	0.59	0.71	0.95	0.96	0.99	1.35	1.35	1.32
Supplies	14,805,956	4	28,262,078	40,417,163	43,774,032	44,779,311	45,312,784	46,773,512	44,659,964	31,180,878	4	45,522,426	51,557,308	51,811,877	52,044,397	51,503,422	52,084,352	48,964,842	7.33	8.11	7.67	7.34	7.23	7.08	7.01	6.55
Other	2,973,261	4	3,579,347	5,095,195	5,590,495	6,048,451	5,214,778	5,623,221	5,801,834	6,261,594	4	5,765,343	6,499,578	6,617,029	7,029,764	5,927,221	6,261,703	6,361,086	1.47	1.03	0.97	0.94	0.98	0.82	0.84	0.85
Instruction	122,223,362		214,333,003	322,536,983	363,106,915	376,060,333	387,956,966	403,039,543	412,616,246	257,398,565		345,231,451	411,437,546	429,781,082	437,073,121	440,959,687	448,802,167	452,389,289	60.50	61.53	61.17	60.90	60.72	60.65	60.43	60.48
Salaries	90,742,284		154,512,089	212,998,609	230,477,780	236,757,580	240,318,766	247,799,019	255,536,724	191,100,403		248,876,429	271,707,213	272,798,411	275,169,609	273,151,141	275,935,050	280,168,505	44.91	44.35	40.39	38.66	38.23	37.57	37.15	37.46
Employee benefits	22,347,524		39,522,678	75,248,811	92,808,865	98,358,134	102,866,710	108,695,649	111,201,681	47,063,184		63,660,152	95,989,569	109,850,551	114,315,956	116,920,371	121,037,361	121,920,670	11.06	11.35	14.27	15.57	15.88	16.08	16.30	16.30
Purchased services	2,722,639		6,430,708	14,694,620	18,048,424	18,480,831	19,648,067	20,440,065	20,338,264	5,733,792		10,358,100	18,744,884	21,362,499	21,479,199	22,332,388	22,760,906	22,298,717	1.35	1.85	2.79	3.03	2.98	3.07	3.06	2.98
Tuition	1,192,505		2,458,366	4,988,203	5,743,719	6,123,806	8,615,317	9,009,369	8,988,735	2,511,379		3,959,751	6,363,096	6,798,388	7,117,344	9,792,343	10,032,327	9,855,181	0.59	0.71	0.95	0.96	0.99	1.35	1.35	1.32
Supplies	4,584,754		10,377,554	13,135,284	14,602,677	14,902,855	15,042,402	15,578,373	15,244,081	9,655,348		16,715,382	16,755,750	17,284,039	17,320,725	17,097,496	17,347,200	16,713,494	2.27	2.98	2.49	2.45	2.41	2.35	2.34	2.23
Textbooks	---		---	2,324,846	2,540,299	2,636,445	2,762,925	2,489,567	2,565,457	---		---	2965641.08	3006751.744	3064186.695	3,140,396	2,772,242	2,812,747	---	---	0.44	0.43	0.43	0.43	0.37	0.38
Other	633,656		1,031,608	1,471,457	1,425,450	1,437,126	1,465,704	1,517,068	1,306,761	1,334,459		1,661,636	1,877,033	1,687,193	1,670,288	1,665,949	1,689,322	1,432,723	0.31	0.30	0.28	0.24	0.23	0.23	0.23	0.19
Student support5	8,926,010		17,292,756	29,368,646	34,013,896	35,986,987	37,990,729	40,915,351	42,992,359	18,797,896		27,853,869	37,463,497	40,259,572	41,825,589	43,181,026	45,561,034	47,136,493	4.42	4.96	5.57	5.71	5.81	5.94	6.13	6.30
Salaries	6,565,965		12,354,464	19,367,865	21,598,398	22,588,875	23,551,757	25,165,734	26,711,946	13,827,716		19,899,640	24,706,211	25,564,324	26,253,740	26,769,401	28,023,146	29,286,772	3.25	3.55	3.67	3.62	3.65	3.68	3.77	3.92
Employee benefits	1,660,082		3,036,037	6,533,691	8,360,099	9,138,253	9,837,902	10,732,634	11,379,810	3,496,080		4,890,220	8,334,566	9,895,191	10,620,861	11,181,958	11,951,258	12,476,736	0.82	0.87	1.24	1.40	1.48	1.54	1.61	1.67
Purchased services	455,996		1,328,600	2,583,714	3,202,463	3,389,778	3,683,378	4,038,487	3,938,943	960,313		2,140,009	3,295,860	3,790,503	3,939,742	4,186,601	4,497,032	4,318,627	0.23	0.38	0.49	0.54	0.55	0.58	0.61	0.58
Supplies	191,482		421,838	521,729	628,105	645,146	678,122	724,581	731,121	403,256		679,465	665,533	743,438	749,816	770,767	806,853	801,596	0.09	0.12	0.10	0.11	0.10	0.11	0.11	0.11
Other	52,485		151,817	361,647	224,831	224,935	239,569	253,914	230,539	110,531		244,535	461,328	266,115	261,429	272,299	282,745	252,762	0.03	0.04	0.07	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.03
Instructional staff services6	8,467,142		15,926,856	24,893,140	28,015,976	29,171,944	30,548,998	32,198,480	34,421,487	17,831,535		25,653,779	31,754,412	33,160,307	33,904,859	34,722,606	35,854,417	37,739,455	4.19	4.57	4.72	4.70	4.71	4.78	4.83	5.05
Salaries	5,560,129		9,790,767	14,490,521	16,082,881	16,712,346	17,007,052	17,685,818	18,972,007	11,709,457		15,770,230	18,484,529	19,036,041	19,423,790	19,330,557	19,693,933	20,800,763	2.75	2.81	2.75	2.70	2.70	2.66	2.65	2.78
Employee benefits	1,408,217		2,356,440	4,933,118	5,899,056	6,356,988	6,689,297	7,176,000	7,561,442	2,965,661		3,795,576	6,292,829	6,982,249	7,388,359	7,603,189	7,990,789	8,290,307	0.70	0.68	0.94	0.99	1.03	1.05	1.08	1.11
Purchased services	622,487		2,003,598	3,438,979	3,942,599	3,966,070	4,688,044	4,987,202	5,415,309	1,310,939		3,227,244	4,386,862	4,666,544	4,609,533	5,328,525	5,553,468	5,937,303	0.31	0.58	0.65	0.66	0.64	0.73	0.75	0.79
Supplies	776,863		1,566,954	1,810,950	1,875,189	1,921,032	1,915,631	2,075,853	2,172,069	1,636,050		2,523,931	2,310,100	2,219,514	2,232,704	2,177,345	2,311,553	2,381,439	0.38	0.45	0.34	0.31	0.31	0.30	0.31	0.32
Other	99,445		209,097	219,573	216,251	215,509	248,974	273,607	300,661	209,428		336,798	280,093	255,959	250,473	282,988	304,674	329,642	0.05	0.06	0.04	0.04	0.03	0.04	0.04	0.04
General administration	5,791,253		7,108,291	10,494,526	12,052,726	12,239,087	11,831,435	12,488,926	13,281,271	12,196,198		11,449,500	13,387,122	14,265,863	14,224,781	13,447,847	13,906,966	14,561,483	2.87	2.04	1.99	2.02	1.98	1.85	1.87	1.95
Salaries	2,603,562		3,351,554	4,401,697	4,883,367	5,074,530	5,025,399	5,288,269	5,479,816	5,483,021		5,398,431	5,614,933	5,780,057	5,897,832	5,711,970	5,888,719	6,008,028	1.29	0.96	0.83	0.82	0.82	0.79	0.79	0.80
Employee benefits	777,381		1,000,698	1,856,221	2,089,102	2,244,535	2,264,354	2,370,266	2,464,464	1,637,140		1,611,849	2,367,849	2,472,706	2,608,693	2,573,711	2,639,395	2,702,019	0.38	0.29	0.35	0.35	0.36	0.35	0.36	0.36
Purchased services	1,482,427		2,099,032	3,236,857	4,037,348	3,835,212	3,509,143	3,731,506	4,217,496	3,121,944		3,380,962	4,129,029	4,778,691	4,457,444	3,988,563	4,155,195	4,624,030	0.73	0.60	0.61	0.68	0.62	0.55	0.56	0.62
Supplies	172,898		206,137	228,417	265,647	276,956	294,059	311,731	328,333	364,119		332,031	291,375	314,426	321,890	334,233	347,127	359,981	0.09	0.06	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.05	0.05	0.05
Other	754,985		450,870	771,334	777,262	807,854	738,480	787,154	791,163	1,589,975		726,228	983,936	919,984	938,922	839,371	876,531	867,425	0.37	0.13	0.15	0.13	0.13	0.12	0.12	0.12
School administration	11,695,344		19,580,890	28,660,307	33,200,151	34,576,316	36,471,499	37,909,378	38,972,040	24,630,027		31,539,423	36,559,921	39,296,406	40,186,047	41,454,239	42,213,751	42,728,646	5.79	5.62	5.44	5.57	5.58	5.70	5.68	5.71
Salaries	8,935,903		14,817,213	20,191,545	22,759,806	23,537,255	24,554,148	25,413,676	26,193,360	18,818,732		23,866,450	25,756,922	26,938,991	27,355,987	27,908,738	28,299,240	28,718,199	4.42	4.25	3.83	3.82	3.80	3.84	3.81	3.84
Employee benefits	2,257,783		3,689,689	6,972,708	8,633,567	9,226,592	10,030,331	10,649,444	10,921,407	4,754,820		5,943,073	8,894,588	10,218,874	10,723,533	11,400,676	11,858,622	11,974,147	1.12	1.06	1.32	1.45	1.49	1.57	1.60	1.60
Purchased services	247,750		611,638	931,765	1,159,015	1,147,360	1,212,338	1,172,011	1,201,315	521,754		985,181	1,188,586	1,371,835	1,333,509	1,377,968	1,305,086	1,317,113	0.12	0.18	0.18	0.19	0.19	0.19	0.18	0.18
Supplies	189,711		369,257	426,864	475,970	487,105	494,906	492,095	475,474	399,525		594,771	544,520	563,368	566,134	562,520	547,969	521,306	0.09	0.11	0.08	0.08	0.08	0.08	0.07	0.07
Other	64,197		93,093	137,426	171,794	178,004	179,777	182,152	180,483	135,196		149,947	175,304	203,339	206,884	204,338	202,834	197,881	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03
Operation and maintenance	21,290,655		34,034,158	50,214,709	55,045,039	57,586,428	59,369,464	61,488,333	61,895,001	44,837,450		54,819,658	64,055,342	65,152,481	66,929,367	67,480,526	68,469,950	67,861,204	10.54	9.77	9.52	9.23	9.30	9.28	9.22	9.07
Salaries	8,849,559		13,461,242	17,604,634	18,735,694	19,288,396	18,995,169	19,614,742	20,192,656	18,636,895		21,682,355	22,456,982	22,175,966	22,417,784	21,590,291	21,841,873	22,139,073	4.38	3.86	3.34	3.14	3.11	2.97	2.94	2.96
Employee benefits	2,633,075		3,778,520	7,195,927	8,293,750	8,797,305	8,798,724	9,129,606	9,393,394	5,545,174		6,086,155	9,179,334	9,816,659	10,224,597	10,000,806	10,166,216	10,298,845	1.30	1.08	1.36	1.39	1.42	1.38	1.37	1.38
Purchased services	5,721,125		9,642,217	13,351,922	15,895,748	17,039,571	18,663,227	19,529,872	19,546,024	12,048,509		15,530,957	17,032,100	18,814,545	19,804,105	21,212,998	21,747,368	21,430,111	2.83	2.77	2.53	2.67	2.75	2.92	2.93	2.87
Supplies	3,761,738		6,871,845	11,638,187	11,728,040	12,066,776	12,501,354	12,774,851	12,253,614	7,922,102		11,068,649	14,846,009	13,881,558	14,024,514	14,209,290	14,225,355	13,434,768	1.86	1.97	2.21	1.97	1.95	1.95	1.92	1.80
Other	325,157		280,334	424,039	391,807	394,382	410,991	439,262	509,313	684,771		451,541	540,917	463,752	458,367	467,141	489,138	558,407	0.16	0.08	0.08	0.07	0.06	0.06	0.07	0.07
Student transportation	8,678,954		14,052,654	22,370,807	24,325,727	25,350,714	26,506,231	27,952,536	26,271,137	18,277,606		22,634,957	28,536,851	28,792,448	29,463,665	30,127,515	31,126,372	28,803,474	4.30	4.03	4.24	4.08	4.09	4.14	4.19	3.85
Salaries	3,285,127		5,406,092	7,527,611	8,198,056	8,513,077	8,752,325	9,097,094	9,134,301	6,918,375		8,707,725	9,602,439	9,703,393	9,894,255	9,948,069	10,130,012	10,014,777	1.63	1.55	1.43	1.38	1.37	1.37	1.36	1.34
Employee benefits	892,985		1,592,127	3,124,937	3,599,805	3,809,158	4,048,487	4,181,853	4,194,440	1,880,598		2,564,478	3,986,261	4,260,806	4,427,163	4,601,592	4,656,676	4,598,752	0.44	0.46	0.59	0.60	0.62	0.63	0.63	0.61
Purchased services	3,345,232		5,767,462	9,153,621	10,392,864	10,808,056	11,251,280	12,021,555	10,827,846	7,044,954		9,289,793	11,676,624	12,301,215	12,561,577	12,788,431	13,386,528	11,871,567	1.66	1.66	1.74	1.74	1.75	1.76	1.80	1.59
Supplies	961,447		1,159,350	2,370,182	1,886,842	1,968,836	2,185,422	2,362,140	1,848,482	2,024,777		1,867,394	3,023,473	2,233,307	2,288,263	2,483,995	2,630,346	2,026,662	0.48	0.33	0.45	0.32	0.32	0.34	0.35	0.27
Other	194,163		127,623	194,456	248,160	251,588	268,716	289,894	266,068	408,902		205,566	248,054	293,727	292,406	305,428	322,810	291,715	0.10	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04
Other support services7	5,587,837		11,439,134	17,246,807	21,595,016	22,978,894	23,431,128	24,794,067	26,547,516	11,767,810		18,425,295	22,000,528	25,560,321	26,707,036	26,632,291	27,609,279	29,106,493	2.77	3.28	3.27	3.62	3.71	3.66	3.72	3.89
Salaries	2,900,394		5,521,381	8,139,084	9,565,073	9,878,452	10,387,465	10,725,872	11,245,902	6,108,139		8,893,424	10,382,452	11,321,425	11,481,152	11,806,602	11,943,727	12,329,921	1.44	1.58	1.54	1.60	1.60	1.62	1.61	1.65
Employee benefits	980,859		1,594,540	3,295,052	4,061,850	4,313,616	4,698,094	4,977,424	5,162,597	2,065,659		2,568,365	4,203,264	4,807,692	5,013,466	5,339,948	5,542,579	5,660,232	0.49	0.46	0.62	0.68	0.70	0.73	0.75	0.76
Purchased services	798,922		2,783,176	3,876,650	5,120,351	5,444,992	5,887,816	6,258,634	6,659,817	1,682,504		4,482,930	4,945,167	6,060,557	6,328,398	6,692,210	6,969,263	7,301,772	0.40	0.80	0.74	0.86	0.88	0.92	0.94	0.98
Supplies	294,527		626,889	876,293	1,241,221	1,336,046	1,320,047	1,456,368	1,663,328	620,265		1,009,746	1,117,825	1,469,135	1,552,809	1,500,392	1,621,730	1,823,661	0.15	0.18	0.17	0.21	0.22	0.21	0.22	0.24
Other	613,135		913,148	1,059,728	1,606,520	2,005,787	1,137,706	1,375,770	1,815,871	1,291,243		1,470,829	1,351,820	1,901,512	2,331,210	1,293,139	1,531,980	1,990,907	0.30	0.26	0.20	0.27	0.32	0.18	0.21	0.27
Food services	8,430,490		13,816,635	20,394,768	23,643,250	24,094,865	24,346,471	24,970,033	24,109,702	17,754,348		22,254,795	26,016,158	27,984,654	28,004,064	27,672,689	27,805,224	26,433,692	4.17	3.97	3.87	3.97	3.89	3.81	3.74	3.53
Salaries	---		4,966,092	6,482,085	7,098,376	7,215,565	7,488,865	7,696,975	7,920,858	---		7999007.003	8268735.912	8401788.77	8386232.953	8,511,994	8,570,919	8,684,368	---	1.43	1.23	1.19	1.17	1.17	1.15	1.16
Employee benefits	---		1,381,923	2,492,673	2,923,479	3,055,701	3,213,469	3,313,055	3,432,076	---		2225897.771	3179726.704	3460292.329	3551463.579	3,652,493	3,689,232	3,762,902	---	0.40	0.47	0.49	0.49	0.50	0.50	0.50
Purchased services	---		923,091	2,058,018	2,566,875	2,670,247	2,784,357	2,949,142	2,819,787	---		1486845.769	2625267.891	3038207.637	3103472.788	3,164,756	3,283,998	3,091,592	---	0.26	0.39	0.43	0.43	0.44	0.44	0.41
Supplies	---		6,420,201	9,118,886	10,753,015	10,843,858	10,561,737	10,701,487	9,674,789	---		10341176.6	11632315.3	12727497.45	12603186.98	12,004,683	11,916,574	10,607,364	---	1.84	1.73	1.80	1.75	1.65	1.60	1.42
Other	---		125,327	243,105	301,505	309,495	298,044	309,374	262,192	---		201867.9854	310112.4025	356867.784	359708.1828	338,762	344,502	287,465	---	0.04	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.04
Enterprise operations8	946,705		776,463	1,110,646	1,202,858	1,245,194	1,245,638	1,194,876	1,110,323	1,993,731		1,250,668	1,416,773	1,423,729	1,447,217	1,415,817	1,330,547	1,217,350	0.47	0.22	0.21	0.20	0.20	0.19	0.18	0.16
Salaries	---		124,913	338,141	332,327	351,440	357,583	376,863	365,365	---		201200.0887	431343.1054	393348.8794	408458.5174	406,436	419,654	400,583	---	0.04	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.05
Employee benefits	---		23,837	97,063	119,116	131,513	143,882	147,889	157,777	---		38395.40879	123816.1351	140987.9517	152849.6979	163,540	164,681	172,986	---	0.01	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
Purchased services	---		189,230	172,641	207,176	207,769	198,251	179,067	179,726	---		304798.079	220225.2678	245217.508	241478.2496	225,336	199,399	197,050	---	0.05	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03
Supplies	---		242,052	290,372	317,326	330,702	319,104	296,032	268,673	---		389879.6314	370407.0978	375594.1479	384355.4159	362,700	329,644	294,571	---	0.07	0.06	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.04	0.04
Other	---		196,430	212,430	226,914	223,771	226,818	195,025	138,782	---		316394.475	270981.2453	268580.2669	260075.4818	257,806	217,169	152,160	---	0.06	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.03	0.02
Current expenditures for other programs	3,295,717		6,063,700	8,161,474	7,913,839	7,894,977	8,224,089	8,600,902	8,739,021	6,940,676		9,766,951	10,411,013	9,366,988	9,175,874	9,347,664	9,577,481	9,581,396	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Community services	964,370		2,426,189	3,269,802	3,426,859	3,568,183	3,705,464	3,873,982	3,944,070	2,030,934		3,907,922	4,171,055	4,056,104	4,147,092	4,211,705	4,313,849	4,324,248	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Private school programs	527,609		1,026,695	1,427,539	1,662,359	1,674,995	1,659,578	1,760,243	1,763,511	1,111,128		1,653,723	1,821,010	1,967,603	1,946,749	1,886,310	1,960,108	1,933,500	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Adult education	1,365,523		1,838,265	2,013,156	1,946,215	2,047,591	2,230,721	2,390,736	2,321,245	2,875,748		2,960,939	2,568,041	2,303,582	2,379,796	2,535,482	2,662,189	2,544,995	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Community colleges	5,356		351	34,045	29,113	10,659	10,574	12,499	20,233	11,280		565	43,429	34,458	12,388	12,019	13,918	22,183	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Other	432,858		772,200	1,416,931	849,293	593,549	617,751	563,441	689,962	911,586		1,243,802	1,807,478	1,005,241	689,848	702,149	627,416	756,469	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Capital outlay9	19,771,478		46,220,704	50,968,815	55,989,128	61,298,365	67,247,783	73,129,514	81,334,789	41,638,112		74,448,828	65,017,301	66,269,925	71,243,536	76,435,182	81,432,914	89,174,839	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Public schools	19,655,496		46,078,494	50,888,951	55,841,211	61,138,248	67,083,487	72,972,204	81,165,428	41,393,858		74,219,767	64,915,424	66,094,848	71,057,441	76,248,439	81,257,742	88,989,153	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Other current expenditures	115,982		142,210	79,864	147,917	160,117	164,297	157,310	169,360	244,254		229,061	101,877	175,078	186,095	186,743	175,172	185,685	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Interest on school debt	4,324,768		10,165,940	17,934,224	17,500,574	18,338,477	19,409,177	20,442,697	21,427,996	9,107,826		16,374,529	22,877,418	20,714,052	21,313,749	22,060,861	22,763,838	23,493,490	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†

---Not available.

†Not applicable.

1Unadjusted (or "current") dollars have not been adjusted to compensate for inflation.

2Constant dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, adjusted to a school-year basis.

3Excludes prekindergarten expenditures for California.

4Includes estimated data for subfunctions of food services and enterprise operations.

5Includes expenditures for guidance, health, attendance, and speech pathology services.

6Includes expenditures for curriculum development, staff training, libraries, and media and computer centers.

7Includes business support services concerned with paying, transporting, exchanging, and maintaining goods and services for local education agencies; central support services, including planning, research, evaluation, information, staff, and data processing services; and other support services.

8Includes expenditures for operations funded by sales of products or services (e.g., school bookstore or computer time). Includes very small amounts for direct program support made by state education agencies for local school districts.

9Includes expenditures for property and for buildings and alterations completed by school district staff or contractors.

NOTE: Data in this table represent the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Excludes expenditures for state education agencies. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Some data have been revised from previously published figures.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), "National Public Education Financial Survey," 1990-91 through 2019-20. (This table was prepared December 2022.)