Table 204.05.

Percentage of public school students participating in Title I programs, by selected student characteristics and state or jurisdiction: School year 2020-21

State or jurisdiction	Percentage of students participating in Title I programs				Percentage of students participating in Title I public schoolwide programs or public targeted assistance programs, by student characteristics
	Total1	Public schoolwide program	Public targeted assistance program	Local neglected program	Race/ethnicity							Students with disabil-ities2	English learners3	Migratory students4	Homeless enrolled5
					American Indian/ Alaska Native	Asian	Black	Hispanic	Pacific Islander	White	Two or more races
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16
United States	51.3	49.8	1.4	0.1	65.5	34.5	70.0	69.2	60.0	35.9	46.7	49.6	77.9	56.5	68.1
Alabama	60.7	60.6	0.1	#	77.7	29.2	73.6	66.4	60.3	52.8	53.8	67.9	75.6	54.9	76.8
Alaska	39.3	38.6	0.7	0	74.6	44.1	48.3	34.9	59.6	21.8	37.1	52.5	74.0	46.7	60.5
Arizona	22.7	21.8	0.6	0.3	17.1	8.8	27.3	30.2	15.7	12.8	29.6	24.3	45.0	20.8	31.8
Arkansas	65.1	63.4	1.3	0.4	62.8	48.2	76.2	63.8	66.6	61.7	63.4	58.2	68.5	41.7	53.3
California	67.0	64.9	2.1	#	75.2	41.0	80.2	82.8	70.5	42.3	46.6	30.5	80.3	66.0	81.0
Colorado	28.7	28.0	0.5	0.1	39.8	18.3	48.3	46.6	45.2	15.9	23.9	35.8	66.7	43.2	43.2
Connecticut	40.1	32.0	8.0	#	55.4	30.0	62.5	60.9	38.4	25.6	41.6	4.7	7.7	---	45.6
Delaware	66.9	66.9	0	0	66.5	53.3	68.8	78.2	66.8	61.7	70.6	54.8	79.3	48.7	44.4
District of Columbia	77.7	77.0	0.6	0.2	73.9	35.2	89.4	80.8	62.3	25.7	44.1	88.0	95.5	---	89.7
Florida	51.3	51.3	#	#	54.2	27.5	70.7	57.3	47.1	36.4	46.6	61.7	73.0	64.4	73.4
Georgia	62.1	61.9	0.1	0.1	61.3	29.2	77.4	70.0	67.4	47.9	57.2	66.8	81.6	50.2	76.9
Hawaii	54.2	54.2	0	0	48.7	48.8	29.8	56.2	71.9	36.1	48.3	59.0	74.6	74.5	81.3
Idaho	48.9	47.5	1.2	0.1	66.7	29.2	48.0	63.2	50.1	45.2	46.5	61.7	75.9	53.3	63.0
Illinois	50.0	47.7	2.1	0.2	58.1	32.0	78.7	68.5	51.9	31.2	44.8	49.1	77.3	13.5	36.6
Indiana	35.4	33.2	2.1	0.1	31.7	29.2	58.5	47.9	39.2	27.8	41.5	36.6	59.1	16.4	50.4
Iowa	21.9	19.0	2.7	0.2	36.8	28.3	40.7	37.5	46.1	16.7	29.2	20.7	50.0	32.7	33.5
Kansas	31.9	30.6	1.2	0.1	34.6	22.4	46.4	46.9	41.7	25.3	34.5	37.0	69.8	29.1	41.4
Kentucky	69.3	69.0	0.1	0.2	70.7	50.5	77.0	74.7	78.5	67.7	72.5	75.5	84.1	49.1	77.1
Louisiana	71.6	71.3	0.3	0.1	71.1	58.9	83.9	78.1	65.1	58.3	67.7	97.0	87.4	27.4	66.5
Maine	31.2	28.0	3.2	0	31.0	24.7	49.8	30.1	35.1	30.0	58.4	31.7	49.8	100.0	37.9
Maryland	25.0	24.6	0.3	0.1	28.2	9.0	35.6	38.7	21.2	10.6	19.0	26.9	49.4	35.4	43.0
Massachusetts	43.7	41.9	1.6	0.2	44.6	31.3	66.9	77.0	38.2	28.4	40.1	45.2	80.2	51.8	76.6
Michigan	43.7	41.7	1.8	0.1	54.0	27.0	75.2	55.4	44.2	34.0	45.6	51.7	73.2	28.5	60.8
Minnesota	25.5	22.0	3.5	#	55.2	41.1	49.5	39.0	32.2	16.2	28.8	27.1	61.8	18.9	55.8
Mississippi	77.7	77.6	0	0.1	81.2	48.1	83.5	74.9	73.2	63.8	74.0	77.5	76.8	60.3	84.9
Missouri	49.4	48.4	0.7	0.3	47.6	29.0	77.7	59.7	63.2	42.2	49.9	54.2	74.9	25.8	63.4
Montana	47.4	41.7	5.7	#	90.8	36.4	54.4	52.5	43.8	40.5	55.6	60.9	82.9	41.4	100.0
Nebraska	39.2	37.7	1.2	0.4	79.1	43.7	58.5	61.6	43.9	28.7	39.8	53.9	78.2	53.6	64.6
Nevada	51.8	51.7	0	0.1	53.1	30.1	64.1	67.0	45.0	32.1	36.4	56.6	85.7	84.8	76.6
New Hampshire	20.8	18.1	2.6	#	16.0	13.6	26.7	30.2	16.8	17.0	16.5	23.5	36.7	27.5	36.6
New Jersey	39.3	33.5	5.8	#	46.9	18.5	65.6	59.6	39.4	19.0	44.4	31.4	71.3	48.6	52.7
New Mexico	80.4	80.0	0.3	0.1	92.0	58.6	84.7	85.3	71.7	65.6	66.3	84.8	100.0	53.6	84.3
New York	54.9	52.1	2.7	#	75.1	54.3	77.9	72.4	71.3	32.7	45.1	50.1	81.8	25.1	76.4
North Carolina	49.5	49.4	0.1	0.1	83.9	28.1	63.5	59.2	57.9	38.2	53.6	55.1	71.5	45.5	59.9
North Dakota	36.6	34.9	1.6	0.1	71.5	36.2	42.9	47.3	46.5	30.9	43.8	43.3	49.3	32.2	45.7
Ohio	49.1	48.3	0.8	#	56.7	26.6	81.3	66.0	53.5	39.4	60.4	53.7	75.0	39.8	75.8
Oklahoma	75.3	74.6	0.4	0.2	78.3	55.9	83.7	81.8	80.5	69.3	80.7	72.4	92.7	81.9	78.7
Oregon6	35.3	34.6	0.6	0.1	55.1	23.1	45.5	46.7	54.7	30.8	30.7	37.3	67.1	41.3	42.2
Pennsylvania	45.2	42.5	2.5	0.2	56.3	37.9	80.5	69.5	65.2	31.5	54.3	44.6	83.7	100.0	46.9
Rhode Island	45.9	44.5	1.4	0	63.4	42.9	79.3	80.3	53.3	22.6	48.1	45.8	85.4	---	50.1
South Carolina	41.1	40.8	0.1	0.2	39.8	19.2	54.9	47.8	35.2	30.4	43.8	46.1	54.4	21.5	43.9
South Dakota	34.1	32.3	1.7	0.2	72.7	41.2	29.7	41.2	41.1	26.1	40.1	38.8	47.8	44.5	47.5
Tennessee	61.9	61.3	0.1	0.5	59.4	43.8	82.8	73.5	62.9	51.9	62.0	70.4	87.4	41.4	72.0
Texas	67.4	67.1	0.2	#	64.7	31.6	72.9	79.8	63.5	47.7	53.7	76.7	94.4	75.6	73.1
Utah	29.4	20.8	8.6	0	71.1	32.8	48.1	47.2	41.6	23.8	30.2	38.2	58.1	0	45.0
Vermont	56.1	54.1	1.8	0.2	100.0	54.0	71.1	45.9	56.5	55.5	49.0	61.7	70.6	13.2	68.8
Virginia	26.7	26.0	0.7	0	25.8	10.8	38.5	35.1	20.9	20.8	23.9	29.6	43.8	41.6	40.7
Washington	38.7	37.9	0.8	#	60.4	23.4	49.0	59.2	57.1	30.1	34.8	45.4	68.5	63.6	50.5
West Virginia	44.5	44.5	0	0	42.6	24.9	51.0	43.2	29.3	44.0	52.8	51.6	61.6	---	54.9
Wisconsin	45.5	43.4	2.2	#	68.6	44.9	86.0	64.6	55.1	35.9	52.5	55.5	76.6	34.8	70.7
Wyoming	35.1	31.6	3.5	0	76.8	23.1	32.7	37.0	38.1	32.6	38.4	37.8	53.9	---	40.8
Bureau of Indian    Education	100.0	100.0	0	0	100.0	†	†	†	†	†	†	100.0	64.8	---	97.5
Other jurisdictions
Puerto Rico	99.0	98.2	0	#	92.6	97.6	97.1	99.0	93.8	97.8	0	88.9	99.6	---	96.4

---Not available.

†Not applicable.

#Rounds to zero.

1Totals are based on data as reported by states. In some instances there may not be an exact match in the student counts across EDFacts files 037 and 134.

2Students identified as children with disabilities under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA).

3Students who met the definition of English learners as outlined in the EDFacts workbook. For more information, see https://www2.ed.gov/about/inits/ed/edfacts/eden-workbook.html.

4Students who met the definition of eligible migrant children as outlined in the EDFacts workbook. Such students are either migratory workers or the children or spouses of migratory workers and have moved within the preceding 36 months in order to obtain, or to accompany parents or spouses who moved in order to obtain, temporary or seasonal employment in agricultural or fishing work. For more information, see https://www2.ed.gov/about/inits/ed/edfacts/eden-workbook.html.

5Homeless students are defined as children/youth who lack a fixed, regular, and adequate nighttime residence. For more information, see "C118—Homeless Students Enrolled" at https://www2.ed.gov/about/inits/ed/edfacts/sy-16-17-nonxml.html.

6Includes imputations for nonreported prekindergarten enrollment.

NOTE: Title I, Part A grant allocations to state education agencies (SEAs) and local education agencies (LEAs) are based primarily on annually updated LEA poverty estimates produced by the U.S. Census Bureau, and within-LEA allocations to schools are based on school poverty rates. The data report participation in Title I, Part A programs and may not match eligibility for Title I, Part A due to rules governing within-LEA allocations and state and district flexibility for allocating Title I, Part A funds. These rules also mean that Title I per-pupil allocations for schools vary across schools within LEAs, across LEAs within a state, and across states. Participants in Title I programs include children from birth to age 2, representing less than 1 percent of all participants in Title I programs. Caution should be used when comparing 2020-21 state estimates to those of prior years due to the impact that the coronavirus pandemic had on reporting Title I programs. Race categories exclude persons of Hispanic ethnicity. Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), "State Nonfiscal Survey of Public Elementary and Secondary Education," 2020-21; and EDFacts file 037, Data Group 548, file 118, Data Group 655, file 121, Data Group 634, file 141, Data Group 678, and file 134, Data Group 670, 2020-21. (This table was prepared June 2023.)