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| Table 102.62. | Percentage of children under age 18 living in poverty, by parents' highest level of educational attainment, child's race/ethnicity, and selected racial/ethnic subgroups: 2010 and 2021 |
| [Standard errors appear in parentheses] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year and race/ethnicity | Percent in poverty, all children under age 18 who resided with at least one parent1 | Percent of children in poverty, by highest level of education attained by any parent residing with child1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less than high school completion | High school completion2 | Some college, no degree | Associate's degree | Bachelor's or higher degree | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | Bachelor's degree | Master's degree | Doctor's degree3 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | ||||||||||||||||||
| 2010 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 20.8 | (0.13) | 53.4 | (0.33) | 32.3 | (0.25) | 23.0 | (0.22) | 12.7 | (0.27) | 4.3 | (0.08) | 5.6 | (0.12) | 2.8 | (0.10) | 2.1 | (0.13) | |||||||||
| White | 12.5 | (0.12) | 48.8 | (0.75) | 24.6 | (0.31) | 17.1 | (0.25) | 8.8 | (0.23) | 3.2 | (0.08) | 4.1 | (0.13) | 2.1 | (0.10) | 1.5 | (0.14) | |||||||||
| Black | 37.6 | (0.39) | 72.8 | (0.76) | 49.0 | (0.65) | 36.9 | (0.72) | 23.9 | (0.99) | 8.0 | (0.37) | 10.0 | (0.51) | 4.6 | (0.57) | 4.7 | (1.12) | |||||||||
Hispanic |
31.8 | (0.23) | 50.6 | (0.42) | 34.1 | (0.44) | 24.8 | (0.50) | 16.4 | (0.68) | 7.9 | (0.33) | 9.5 | (0.45) | 4.9 | (0.55) | 4.9 | (0.73) | |||||||||
| Cuban | 18.6 | (1.12) | 52.3 | (5.24) | 27.0 | (2.56) | 21.9 | (2.80) | 11.4 | (2.21) | 6.7 | (1.07) | 9.5 | (1.77) | 2.2 | ! | (0.99) | 3.4 | ! | (1.52) | |||||||
| Dominican | 33.9 | (1.22) | 50.9 | (3.29) | 46.5 | (2.73) | 32.2 | (2.61) | 11.1 | (2.60) | 11.1 | (1.91) | 14.2 | (2.60) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||||
| Mexican | 33.8 | (0.28) | 50.7 | (0.49) | 34.4 | (0.53) | 24.9 | (0.62) | 15.8 | (0.90) | 8.1 | (0.44) | 9.1 | (0.58) | 5.7 | (0.91) | 5.9 | (1.19) | |||||||||
| Puerto Rican | 33.3 | (0.78) | 68.6 | (2.06) | 38.7 | (1.44) | 29.0 | (1.42) | 23.7 | (2.50) | 7.9 | (0.83) | 9.9 | (1.20) | 5.1 | ! | (1.58) | ‡ | (†) | ||||||||
| Spaniard | 16.9 | (1.58) | 44.1 | (8.89) | 30.9 | (4.83) | 21.6 | (3.34) | 17.0 | ! | (5.73) | 3.4 | ! | (1.05) | 3.9 | ! | (1.28) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ||||||
| Central American4 | 26.8 | (0.79) | 40.0 | (1.44) | 26.8 | (1.63) | 19.7 | (1.62) | 10.0 | (1.87) | 9.5 | (1.33) | 11.8 | (1.86) | 4.4 | ! | (1.85) | 8.1 | ! | (3.51) | |||||||
| Costa Rican | 18.9 | (3.67) | ‡ | (†) | 28.7 | ! | (9.73) | 29.7 | (8.13) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ||||||||
| Guatemalan | 31.2 | (1.67) | 50.2 | (2.44) | 27.4 | (3.45) | 22.4 | (3.74) | 11.0 | ! | (3.37) | 8.3 | (1.99) | 11.5 | (3.40) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ||||||||
| Honduran | 33.5 | (2.15) | 41.0 | (3.44) | 37.0 | (4.44) | 25.8 | (4.58) | 12.4 | ! | (5.46) | 19.4 | (4.59) | 24.5 | (6.06) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ||||||||
| Nicaraguan | 21.6 | (2.96) | 51.2 | (7.70) | 29.2 | (5.70) | 20.1 | (5.13) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||||
| Panamanian | 15.5 | (3.54) | ‡ | (†) | 41.9 | ! | (17.94) | 15.7 | ! | (5.31) | ‡ | (†) | 8.9 | ! | (3.92) | 18.3 | ! | (7.25) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||
| Salvadoran | 23.8 | (1.09) | 33.6 | (2.28) | 20.7 | (2.13) | 15.4 | (2.26) | 9.9 | (2.87) | 11.9 | (2.65) | 11.3 | (2.71) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||||
| South American | 17.0 | (0.77) | 41.7 | (3.69) | 25.7 | (1.99) | 18.4 | (1.80) | 16.5 | (2.61) | 7.4 | (0.82) | 9.8 | (1.22) | 3.6 | (0.94) | 5.1 | ! | (1.58) | ||||||||
| Chilean | 10.9 | (3.02) | ‡ | (†) | 13.2 | ! | (5.94) | 23.0 | ! | (10.50) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||
| Colombian | 13.8 | (1.29) | 37.1 | (8.57) | 24.6 | (3.47) | 16.3 | (2.92) | 10.2 | ! | (3.53) | 6.0 | (1.26) | 7.5 | (1.88) | 3.2 | ! | (1.45) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||
| Ecuadorian | 24.2 | (2.05) | 42.4 | (4.95) | 29.8 | (4.40) | 21.9 | (4.73) | 17.2 | (4.90) | 9.8 | (2.85) | 11.5 | ! | (4.06) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ||||||||
| Peruvian | 17.9 | (2.17) | 65.0 | (11.70) | 22.9 | (4.15) | 17.1 | (4.07) | 10.5 | ! | (4.43) | 11.4 | (2.43) | 13.8 | (2.98) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ||||||||
| Venezuelan | 17.1 | (3.20) | ‡ | (†) | 37.8 | ! | (12.96) | ‡ | (†) | 61.0 | (11.07) | 7.3 | (1.84) | 8.3 | ! | (2.75) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||
| Other South American | 14.0 | (1.89) | 33.0 | (8.91) | 24.5 | (6.93) | 20.6 | (4.29) | 10.8 | ! | (5.38) | 4.5 | ! | (1.40) | 8.3 | ! | (2.85) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ||||||
| Other Hispanic | 28.2 | (1.18) | 52.8 | (3.10) | 34.7 | (2.38) | 24.9 | (2.09) | 18.2 | (3.39) | 7.5 | (1.25) | 9.2 | (1.79) | 6.0 | ! | (2.32) | 3.6 | ! | (1.52) | |||||||
Asian |
12.0 | (0.30) | 41.7 | (1.71) | 24.3 | (1.26) | 15.2 | (0.99) | 11.0 | (1.09) | 5.2 | (0.27) | 7.0 | (0.43) | 4.1 | (0.37) | 2.7 | (0.35) | |||||||||
| Chinese5 | 9.5 | (0.53) | 32.0 | (2.77) | 23.5 | (2.60) | 12.8 | (2.11) | 9.5 | (2.17) | 3.8 | (0.39) | 6.1 | (0.92) | 3.1 | (0.66) | 2.4 | (0.56) | |||||||||
| Filipino | 5.2 | (0.71) | 10.6 | ! | (4.73) | 12.4 | (3.03) | 9.1 | (1.83) | 7.6 | ! | (2.61) | 2.8 | (0.59) | 2.9 | (0.67) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||
| Japanese | 4.5 | (1.14) | ‡ | (†) | 26.9 | ! | (10.91) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 2.7 | ! | (0.91) | 3.7 | ! | (1.45) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ||||||
| Korean | 12.9 | (0.99) | ‡ | (†) | 16.9 | (4.85) | 18.2 | (5.18) | 6.0 | ! | (2.17) | 11.7 | (1.16) | 14.9 | (1.66) | 10.7 | (1.70) | 6.6 | (1.86) | ||||||||
| South Asian6 | 9.9 | (0.63) | 50.7 | (4.76) | 26.9 | (3.38) | 22.7 | (3.92) | 17.7 | (3.66) | 4.9 | (0.49) | 8.7 | (1.16) | 3.2 | (0.53) | 1.6 | ! | (0.50) | ||||||||
| Asian Indian | 7.6 | (0.61) | 49.2 | (5.88) | 25.0 | (4.31) | 22.9 | (4.32) | 13.0 | ! | (4.52) | 3.6 | (0.49) | 7.4 | (1.25) | 1.9 | (0.42) | 0.9 | ! | (0.45) | |||||||
| Bangladeshi | 30.0 | (4.25) | 79.5 | (9.81) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 21.3 | (4.96) | 24.8 | ! | (7.93) | 23.5 | ! | (8.18) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||
| Bhutanese | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | |||||||||
| Nepalese | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | |||||||||
| Pakistani | 19.2 | (2.33) | 43.5 | (10.91) | 33.9 | (6.31) | ‡ | (†) | 30.5 | ! | (10.37) | 11.1 | (2.00) | 12.2 | (3.16) | 12.0 | ! | (3.80) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||
| Southeast Asian | 21.4 | (0.91) | 43.0 | (2.51) | 27.5 | (2.04) | 16.1 | (1.74) | 12.1 | (2.36) | 7.0 | (1.07) | 8.0 | (1.32) | 6.0 | (1.55) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||||
| Burmese | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | |||||||||
| Cambodian | 27.2 | (3.09) | 57.0 | (6.67) | 31.3 | (7.65) | 19.3 | ! | (6.53) | ‡ | (†) | 4.7 | ! | (2.22) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||
| Hmong | 39.5 | (3.68) | 70.2 | (6.78) | 39.2 | (6.62) | 16.5 | ! | (5.47) | 20.6 | ! | (8.76) | 13.7 | ! | (6.32) | 19.3 | ! | (8.84) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||
| Laotian | 19.0 | (3.16) | 27.7 | ! | (8.40) | 26.7 | (6.08) | 14.4 | (4.29) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ||||||||
| Thai | 23.2 | (6.73) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||||
| Vietnamese | 15.9 | (1.01) | 28.2 | (2.48) | 22.9 | (2.47) | 15.7 | (2.27) | 10.1 | (2.52) | 5.2 | (0.96) | 5.9 | (1.07) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||||
| Other Southeast Asian7 | 22.9 | (5.69) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 17.1 | ! | (5.22) | 15.2 | ! | (7.06) | 22.8 | ! | (8.78) | ‡ | (†) | ||||||
| Other Asian | 15.9 | (1.29) | 54.3 | (6.45) | 23.8 | (4.15) | 21.1 | (4.47) | 12.1 | (3.55) | 5.6 | (0.96) | 6.1 | (1.51) | 6.3 | ! | (2.46) | 3.4 | ! | (1.54) | |||||||
Pacific Islander |
22.4 | (2.29) | 68.3 | (9.33) | 23.6 | (3.90) | 18.7 | (3.45) | 21.8 | (6.17) | 11.7 | ! | (5.04) | 13.5 | ! | (6.66) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||
American Indian/Alaska Native8 |
33.9 | (1.16) | 65.0 | (2.96) | 42.0 | (2.30) | 29.8 | (1.88) | 20.1 | (2.76) | 12.6 | (2.24) | 14.6 | (3.03) | 6.0 | ! | (2.77) | 15.2 | ! | (5.64) | |||||||
| American Indian | 35.4 | (1.24) | 66.7 | (2.92) | 44.5 | (2.58) | 31.1 | (2.16) | 19.8 | (2.96) | 12.6 | (2.63) | 14.5 | (3.55) | 3.6 | ! | (1.81) | 22.1 | ! | (8.12) | |||||||
| Alaska Native | 25.3 | (3.55) | 61.6 | (12.23) | 32.1 | (5.12) | 15.8 | ! | (5.45) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ||||||||
Some other race9 |
19.3 | (1.63) | 41.5 | (6.50) | 30.9 | (4.30) | 22.9 | (4.49) | 9.0 | ! | (4.28) | 6.6 | ! | (2.05) | 13.8 | ! | (4.15) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ||||||
| Two or more races | 21.0 | (0.49) | 57.8 | (2.04) | 35.8 | (1.38) | 27.1 | (0.77) | 18.0 | (1.38) | 5.3 | (0.39) | 7.2 | (0.60) | 3.4 | (0.45) | 1.7 | ! | (0.52) | ||||||||
2021 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 16.3 | (0.13) | 43.2 | (0.45) | 29.9 | (0.27) | 21.2 | (0.29) | 13.4 | (0.33) | 4.5 | (0.09) | 6.0 | (0.14) | 3.0 | (0.13) | 2.3 | (0.14) | |||||||||
| White | 10.1 | (0.11) | 39.7 | (1.05) | 24.6 | (0.38) | 16.2 | (0.35) | 9.5 | (0.36) | 3.2 | (0.09) | 4.3 | (0.14) | 2.1 | (0.13) | 1.7 | (0.15) | |||||||||
| Black | 30.4 | (0.43) | 58.9 | (1.50) | 45.2 | (0.83) | 33.5 | (0.88) | 24.6 | (1.08) | 8.9 | (0.46) | 11.7 | (0.68) | 5.9 | (0.52) | 4.6 | (0.88) | |||||||||
Hispanic |
22.7 | (0.23) | 41.1 | (0.54) | 27.7 | (0.49) | 21.2 | (0.45) | 15.3 | (0.68) | 6.7 | (0.26) | 8.4 | (0.37) | 4.0 | (0.35) | 4.3 | (0.52) | |||||||||
| Cuban | 14.7 | (0.97) | 37.0 | (5.30) | 27.9 | (2.99) | 17.3 | (2.75) | 14.7 | (3.74) | 5.7 | (0.89) | 7.1 | (1.46) | 4.9 | (1.38) | 3.0 | ! | (1.13) | ||||||||
| Dominican | 25.8 | (1.14) | 46.0 | (3.52) | 31.9 | (2.37) | 27.7 | (2.87) | 24.4 | (3.10) | 11.0 | (1.75) | 12.8 | (2.40) | 5.7 | ! | (2.33) | 14.7 | ! | (5.85) | |||||||
| Mexican | 22.9 | (0.30) | 39.0 | (0.68) | 26.8 | (0.64) | 20.5 | (0.54) | 14.0 | (0.72) | 6.2 | (0.33) | 7.5 | (0.44) | 4.0 | (0.53) | 3.5 | (0.64) | |||||||||
| Puerto Rican | 25.0 | (0.75) | 59.0 | (3.38) | 36.3 | (1.62) | 26.6 | (1.52) | 20.9 | (2.35) | 6.9 | (0.67) | 8.5 | (0.87) | 4.7 | (0.99) | 4.3 | ! | (1.57) | ||||||||
| Spaniard | 14.9 | (1.31) | 52.0 | (8.00) | 28.0 | (4.24) | 25.3 | (4.63) | 17.2 | (3.80) | 4.1 | ! | (1.34) | 6.7 | ! | (2.39) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||
| Central American | 26.2 | (0.65) | 44.1 | (1.36) | 26.2 | (1.35) | 18.0 | (1.61) | 12.3 | (1.96) | 7.7 | (0.89) | 10.4 | (1.46) | 3.9 | (1.08) | 2.6 | ! | (0.89) | ||||||||
| Costa Rican | 9.5 | ! | (3.40) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 10.6 | ! | (5.22) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||
| Guatemalan | 31.0 | (1.29) | 46.0 | (2.12) | 29.2 | (2.89) | 18.7 | (2.25) | 17.0 | (4.94) | 7.8 | (1.72) | 11.9 | (2.98) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||||
| Honduran | 34.3 | (1.69) | 49.2 | (2.88) | 35.0 | (3.65) | 28.5 | (4.86) | 22.0 | (5.97) | 9.6 | (2.39) | 12.3 | (3.10) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||||
| Nicaraguan | 15.9 | (2.30) | 34.9 | (9.53) | 23.0 | (5.38) | 16.5 | ! | (6.95) | 6.9 | ! | (3.33) | 9.5 | (2.25) | 9.1 | ! | (3.28) | 11.8 | ! | (5.08) | ‡ | (†) | |||||
| Panamanian | 12.3 | (2.39) | ‡ | (†) | 29.8 | ! | (9.83) | 11.7 | ! | (5.00) | ‡ | (†) | 4.3 | ! | (2.12) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ||||||
| Salvadoran | 22.3 | (1.07) | 39.0 | (2.32) | 20.9 | (2.07) | 14.3 | (2.32) | 8.7 | (2.56) | 6.6 | (1.80) | 9.2 | (2.72) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||||
| Other Central American | 33.5 | ! | (10.43) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ||||||||
| South American | 13.0 | (0.71) | 30.4 | (3.76) | 21.0 | (2.18) | 19.4 | (2.48) | 9.4 | (1.65) | 7.8 | (0.88) | 11.0 | (1.36) | 3.5 | (0.89) | 6.2 | ! | (2.03) | ||||||||
| Chilean | 10.5 | (2.78) | ‡ | (†) | 19.3 | ! | (9.47) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 3.6 | ! | (1.78) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||
| Colombian | 13.3 | (1.28) | 50.3 | (9.64) | 22.6 | (4.82) | 21.1 | (4.20) | 10.4 | (2.91) | 6.8 | (1.10) | 10.5 | (2.12) | 2.0 | ! | (0.95) | 5.9 | ! | (2.30) | |||||||
| Ecuadorian | 15.2 | (1.52) | 28.4 | (5.15) | 20.0 | (3.66) | 23.1 | (5.67) | ‡ | (†) | 6.1 | (1.65) | 7.5 | ! | (2.42) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ||||||||
| Peruvian | 12.9 | (1.56) | 27.8 | ! | (11.10) | 21.4 | (5.33) | 18.1 | (4.77) | 10.6 | ! | (4.08) | 7.8 | (1.82) | 9.5 | (2.75) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||
| Venezuelan | 14.1 | (2.60) | ‡ | (†) | 24.9 | ! | (11.75) | 11.5 | ! | (5.57) | 5.8 | ! | (2.36) | 14.2 | (3.06) | 20.4 | (4.74) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ||||||
| Other South American | 8.5 | (1.46) | ‡ | (†) | 17.3 | ! | (6.18) | 13.8 | ! | (6.43) | ‡ | (†) | 5.2 | (1.36) | 6.5 | ! | (1.95) | 7.2 | ! | (3.44) | ‡ | (†) | |||||
| Other Hispanic | 22.5 | (0.84) | 47.9 | (3.00) | 29.5 | (1.99) | 20.8 | (1.93) | 17.6 | (3.20) | 5.5 | (0.76) | 6.6 | (1.26) | 4.4 | (1.10) | 3.2 | ! | (1.20) | ||||||||
Asian |
9.5 | (0.28) | 33.0 | (1.83) | 24.1 | (1.37) | 16.5 | (1.25) | 10.9 | (1.32) | 4.7 | (0.23) | 6.4 | (0.43) | 4.0 | (0.30) | 2.6 | (0.40) | |||||||||
| Chinese5 | 11.0 | (0.59) | 36.5 | (3.52) | 25.2 | (2.28) | 18.5 | (3.10) | 17.8 | (3.38) | 4.9 | (0.56) | 8.9 | (1.12) | 4.2 | (1.06) | 1.2 | ! | (0.41) | ||||||||
| Filipino | 4.6 | (0.48) | 21.3 | ! | (9.28) | 10.5 | (2.32) | 8.0 | (2.21) | 3.7 | ! | (1.62) | 2.9 | (0.42) | 2.8 | (0.49) | 3.3 | ! | (1.19) | 3.2 | ! | (1.43) | |||||
| Japanese | 5.2 | (1.27) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 4.4 | (1.28) | 3.3 | ! | (1.38) | 6.9 | ! | (2.87) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||
| Korean | 8.5 | (0.96) | ‡ | (†) | 22.8 | ! | (9.17) | 26.8 | (7.42) | 10.0 | ! | (4.87) | 6.6 | (0.89) | 6.5 | (1.50) | 9.6 | (2.02) | 3.8 | (1.07) | |||||||
| South Asian | 6.3 | (0.38) | 26.7 | (4.08) | 22.5 | (2.75) | 19.0 | (3.17) | 15.9 | (3.71) | 3.7 | (0.28) | 6.1 | (0.78) | 2.9 | (0.33) | 2.2 | (0.51) | |||||||||
| Asian Indian | 4.3 | (0.33) | 25.2 | (5.09) | 15.9 | (2.96) | 22.1 | (4.94) | 11.4 | ! | (4.15) | 2.7 | (0.24) | 4.3 | (0.60) | 2.3 | (0.33) | 1.7 | (0.51) | ||||||||
| Bangladeshi | 14.8 | (2.31) | ‡ | (†) | 33.7 | (7.63) | ‡ | (†) | 24.8 | ! | (11.15) | 7.2 | (2.03) | 10.7 | ! | (4.54) | 4.1 | ! | (1.89) | ‡ | (†) | ||||||
| Bhutanese | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||||
| Nepalese | 7.9 | (1.91) | 10.4 | ! | (5.08) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ||||||||
| Pakistani | 16.3 | (2.16) | 47.5 | (11.59) | 38.0 | (7.34) | 9.9 | ! | (4.71) | 24.5 | ! | (9.39) | 11.0 | (2.04) | 19.1 | (4.89) | 9.2 | (2.19) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||
| Sri Lankan | 11.0 | ! | (4.10) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ||||||||
| Southeast Asian | 16.8 | (0.77) | 32.9 | (2.72) | 25.1 | (2.84) | 18.1 | (2.49) | 9.6 | (1.98) | 7.0 | (0.99) | 7.9 | (1.42) | 6.3 | (1.70) | 3.7 | ! | (1.54) | ||||||||
| Burmese | 33.8 | (3.68) | 40.1 | (5.53) | 24.4 | (6.62) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 11.7 | ! | (5.45) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ||||||||
| Cambodian | 24.4 | (4.44) | 32.5 | ! | (11.94) | 32.0 | (9.01) | 29.3 | ! | (8.82) | ‡ | (†) | 17.1 | ! | (6.34) | 19.1 | ! | (7.90) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||
| Hmong | 18.4 | (2.93) | 34.9 | ! | (10.97) | 36.3 | (7.47) | 13.2 | ! | (4.10) | ‡ | (†) | 8.7 | ! | (3.30) | 10.2 | ! | (4.38) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||
| Laotian | 13.2 | (3.88) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||||
| Thai | 13.5 | (3.52) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||||
| Vietnamese | 11.9 | (0.80) | 25.6 | (3.63) | 18.0 | (2.55) | 15.0 | (2.93) | 13.1 | (3.24) | 5.2 | (0.98) | 5.6 | (1.27) | 5.4 | ! | (2.12) | 3.7 | ! | (1.64) | |||||||
| Other Southeast Asian7 | 8.6 | ! | (3.19) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ||||||||
| Other Asian | 13.7 | (1.11) | 42.2 | (6.16) | 33.1 | (4.89) | 19.2 | (5.11) | 9.1 | ! | (2.97) | 7.9 | (1.08) | 9.2 | (1.69) | 6.9 | (1.88) | 5.9 | ! | (2.52) | |||||||
Pacific Islander |
20.2 | (2.31) | 42.4 | (11.68) | 20.3 | (4.03) | 25.4 | (5.02) | ‡ | (†) | 17.4 | ! | (5.29) | 22.7 | ! | (7.17) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||
American Indian/Alaska Native8 |
30.3 | (1.01) | 48.7 | (3.61) | 41.3 | (2.01) | 33.2 | (2.28) | 20.1 | (3.07) | 11.1 | (1.70) | 10.9 | (2.16) | 14.4 | (3.96) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||||
| American Indian | 31.3 | (1.17) | 50.6 | (4.25) | 44.5 | (2.47) | 34.8 | (2.63) | 18.1 | (3.06) | 10.7 | (1.93) | 10.4 | (2.46) | 14.0 | ! | (4.65) | ‡ | (†) | ||||||||
| Alaska Native | 18.9 | (3.03) | 49.8 | ! | (19.66) | 20.0 | (4.89) | 13.6 | ! | (4.42) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||
Some other race9 |
16.3 | (1.30) | 43.2 | (5.20) | 30.7 | (3.09) | 16.8 | (2.49) | 24.3 | (6.80) | 6.9 | (0.99) | 8.9 | (1.75) | 5.5 | (1.50) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||||
| Two or more races | 15.1 | (0.31) | 53.1 | (2.19) | 32.0 | (1.07) | 22.5 | (0.83) | 14.0 | (0.79) | 4.8 | (0.26) | 6.2 | (0.39) | 3.7 | (0.47) | 2.7 | (0.44) | |||||||||
| ---Not available. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| †Not applicable. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| !Interpret data with caution. The coefficient of variation (CV) for this estimate is between 30 and 50 percent. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ‡Reporting standards not met. Either there are too few cases for a reliable estimate or the coefficient of variation (CV) is 50 percent or greater. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1Parents include adoptive and stepparents, but exclude parents not residing in the same household as their children. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2Includes parents who completed high school through equivalency programs, such as a GED program. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3Includes parents with professional degrees. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 4Includes other Central American subgroups not shown separately. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 5Includes Taiwanese for the 2021 data. In the 2010 American Community Survey, "Taiwanese" was not included as a response option for the detailed race/ethnicity question. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 6In addition to the subgroups shown, also includes Sri Lankan. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 7Consists of Indonesian and Malaysian. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 8American Indian/Alaska Native estimates include persons reporting American Indian alone, persons reporting Alaska Native alone, and persons from American Indian and/or Alaska Native tribes specified or not specified. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 9Consists of respondents who wrote in some other race that was not included as an option on the questionnaire. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NOTE: Respondents were interviewed throughout the given year and reported the income they received during the previous 12 months. Data are based on sample surveys of the entire population residing within the United States, but this table includes only children under the age of 18 who resided with at least one of their parents (including an adoptive or stepparent). Poverty status is determined by the Census Bureau using a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition. For additional information about poverty status, see https://www.census.gov/topics/income-poverty/poverty/guidance/poverty-measures.html. Race categories exclude persons of Hispanic ethnicity. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, American Community Survey (ACS), 2010 and 2021. (This table was prepared December 2022.) |