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Digest of Education Statistics
2022 Tables and Figures All Years of Tables and Figures Most Recent Full Issue of the Digest


Table 102.10. Number and percentage distribution of family households, by family structure and presence of own children under 18: Selected years, 1970 through 2022
[Standard errors appear in parentheses]
Family structure and presence of own children 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
  Number (in thousands)
All families 51,456 (257.3) 59,550 (271.4) 66,090 (307.8) 72,025 (311.6) 78,833 (241.0) 82,827 (268.6) 83,088 (268.8) 83,482 (453.3) 83,677 (456.0) 83,907 (446.9) 84,265 (526.9)
Married-couple families 44,728 (243.6) 49,112 (252.7) 52,317 (283.3) 55,311 (289.5) 58,410 (218.6) 60,804 (244.2) 61,241 (244.8) 61,959 (395.6) 62,342 (408.5) 61,454 (396.6) 61,435 (452.4)
Without own children under 18 19,196 (168.7) 24,151 (187.3) 27,780 (218.1) 30,062 (230.5) 33,835 (176.1) 37,153 (202.1) 37,430 (202.7) 38,224 (315.1) 38,724 (334.5) 38,365 (324.5) 38,090 (358.2)
With own children under 18 25,532 (192.0) 24,961 (190.1) 24,537 (206.4) 25,248 (214.1) 24,575 (153.1) 23,651 (166.1) 23,812 (166.6) 23,735 (250.4) 23,618 (267.3) 23,089 (257.3) 23,345 (281.4)
One own child under 18 8,163 (112.5) 9,671 (122.0) 9,583 (133.0) 9,402 (136.2) 9,567 (98.5) 9,206 (106.8) 9,205 (106.8) 8,991 (155.4) 9,038 (168.9) 8,947 (163.3) 9,016 (175.5)
Two own children under 18 8,045 (111.7) 9,488 (120.9) 9,784 (134.3) 10,274 (142.1) 9,658 (98.9) 9,492 (108.4) 9,397 (107.9) 9,521 (159.8) 9,509 (173.1) 9,226 (165.7) 9,268 (177.9)
Three or more own children
      under 18
9,325 (119.9) 5,802 (95.3) 5,170 (98.5) 5,572 (105.9) 5,351 (74.3) 4,954 (79.0) 5,209 (81.0) 5,223 (118.7) 5,071 (127.2) 4,915 (121.7) 5,061 (131.6)
Families with male householder,
   no spouse present
1,228 (44.2) 1,733 (52.5) 2,884 (73.9) 4,028 (90.4) 5,580 (75.8) 6,452 (89.9) 6,424 (89.7) 6,480 (132.1) 6,503 (143.8) 6,963 (144.4) 7,212 (157.0)
Without own children under 18 887 (37.6) 1,117 (42.2) 1,731 (57.4) 2,242 (67.7) 3,356 (59.0) 4,057 (71.6) 3,939 (70.6) 3,980 (103.7) 4,130 (115.0) 4,302 (113.9) 4,540 (124.7)
With own children under 18 341 (23.3) 616 (31.3) 1,153 (46.9) 1,786 (60.5) 2,224 (48.2) 2,395 (55.2) 2,484 (56.2) 2,500 (82.2) 2,374 (87.4) 2,661 (89.8) 2,673 (95.7)
One own child under 18 179 (16.9) 374 (24.4) 723 (37.2) 1,131 (48.2) 1,375 (37.9) 1,403 (42.3) 1,339 (41.4) 1,384 (61.2) 1,342 (65.8) 1,438 (66.1) 1,530 (72.4)
Two own children under 18 87 (11.8) 165 (16.2) 307 (24.2) 483 (31.6) 576 (24.6) 690 (29.7) 811 (32.2) 761 (45.4) 720 (48.2) 834 (50.4) 754 (50.8)
Three or more own children
      under 18
75 (10.9) 77 (11.1) 123 (15.3) 171 (18.8) 273 (16.9) 302 (19.7) 335 (20.7) 356 (31.1) 312 (31.8) 388 (34.4) 389 (36.5)
Families with female house-
   holder, no spouse present
5,500 (92.8) 8,705 (116.0) 10,890 (141.4) 12,687 (156.9) 14,843 (121.4) 15,572 (137.1) 15,423 (136.5) 15,043 (200.3) 14,832 (50.0) 15,490 (212.9) 15,618 (230.6)
Without own children under 18 2,642 (64.7) 3,261 (71.8) 4,290 (89.9) 5,116 (101.6) 6,424 (81.2) 7,326 (95.6) 7,267 (95.3) 7,337 (140.5) 7,359 (152.8) 7,661 (151.3) 7,711 (162.3)
With own children under 18 2,858 (67.2) 5,445 (92.3) 6,599 (111.0) 7,571 (122.8) 8,419 (92.6) 8,246 (101.3) 8,156 (100.7) 7,707 (144.0) 7,472 (153.9) 7,829 (153.0) 7,906 (164.4)
One own child under 18 1,008 (40.1) 2,398 (61.6) 3,225 (78.1) 3,777 (87.6) 4,207 (66.0) 4,119 (72.2) 4,032 (71.4) 3,706 (100.0) 3,627 (107.8) 3,870 (108.1) 3,899 (115.5)
Two own children under 18 810 (35.9) 1,817 (53.7) 2,173 (64.2) 2,458 (70.9) 2,714 (53.2) 2,620 (57.7) 2,534 (56.8) 2,571 (83.4) 2,463 (89.0) 2,570 (88.3) 2,449 (91.6)
Three or more own children
      under 18
1,040 (40.7) 1,230 (44.2) 1,202 (47.9) 1,336 (52.4) 1,499 (39.6) 1,508 (43.9) 1,590 (45.1) 1,429 (62.2) 1,382 (66.8) 1,389 (65.0) 1,558 (73.1)
 
Percentage distribution of all families
All families 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†) 100.0 (†)
Married-couple families 86.9 (0.19) 82.5 (0.20) 79.2 (0.22) 76.8 (0.23) 74.1 (0.16) 73.4 (0.17) 73.7 (0.17) 74.2 (0.25) 74.5 (0.27) 73.2 (0.27) 72.9 (0.28)
Without own children under 18 37.3 (0.27) 40.6 (0.25) 42.0 (0.27) 41.7 (0.26) 42.9 (0.18) 44.9 (0.20) 45.0 (0.20) 45.8 (0.28) 46.3 (0.31) 45.7 (0.30) 45.2 (0.32)
With own children under 18 49.6 (0.28) 41.9 (0.26) 37.1 (0.26) 35.1 (0.26) 31.2 (0.17) 28.6 (0.18) 28.7 (0.18) 28.4 (0.26) 28.2 (0.28) 27.5 (0.27) 27.7 (0.29)
One own child under 18 15.9 (0.20) 16.2 (0.19) 14.5 (0.19) 13.1 (0.18) 12.1 (0.12) 11.1 (0.12) 11.1 (0.12) 10.8 (0.18) 10.8 (0.19) 10.7 (0.19) 10.7 (0.20)
Two own children under 18 15.6 (0.20) 15.9 (0.19) 14.8 (0.19) 14.3 (0.19) 12.3 (0.12) 11.5 (0.13) 11.3 (0.12) 11.4 (0.18) 11.4 (0.20) 11.0 (0.19) 11.0 (0.20)
Three or more own children
      under 18
18.1 (0.21) 9.7 (0.15) 7.8 (0.14) 7.7 (0.14) 6.8 (0.09) 6.0 (0.09) 6.3 (0.10) 6.3 (0.14) 6.1 (0.15) 5.9 (0.14) 6.0 (0.15)
Families with male householder,
   no spouse present
2.4 (0.09) 2.9 (0.09) 4.4 (0.11) 5.6 (0.12) 7.1 (0.09) 7.8 (0.11) 7.7 (0.11) 7.8 (0.15) 7.8 (0.17) 8.3 (0.17) 8.6 (0.18)
Without own children under 18 1.7 (0.07) 1.9 (0.07) 2.6 (0.09) 3.1 (0.09) 4.3 (0.07) 4.9 (0.09) 4.7 (0.08) 4.8 (0.12) 4.9 (0.13) 5.1 (0.13) 5.4 (0.14)
With own children under 18 0.7 (0.05) 1.0 (0.05) 1.7 (0.07) 2.5 (0.08) 2.8 (0.06) 2.9 (0.07) 3.0 (0.07) 3.0 (0.10) 2.8 (0.10) 3.2 (0.11) 3.2 (0.11)
One own child under 18 0.3 (0.03) 0.6 (0.04) 1.1 (0.06) 1.6 (0.07) 1.7 (0.05) 1.7 (0.05) 1.6 (0.05) 1.7 (0.07) 1.6 (0.08) 1.7 (0.08) 1.8 (0.09)
Two own children under 18 0.2 (0.02) 0.3 (0.03) 0.5 (0.04) 0.7 (0.04) 0.7 (0.03) 0.8 (0.04) 1.0 (0.04) 0.9 (0.05) 0.9 (0.06) 1.0 (0.06) 0.9 (0.06)
Three or more own children
      under 18
0.1 (0.02) 0.1 (0.02) 0.2 (0.02) 0.2 (0.03) 0.3 (0.02) 0.4 (0.02) 0.4 (0.02) 0.4 (0.04) 0.4 (0.04) 0.5 (0.04) 0.5 (0.04)
Families with female house-
   holder, no spouse present
10.7 (0.17) 14.6 (0.18) 16.5 (0.20) 17.6 (0.20) 18.8 (0.14) 18.8 (0.15) 18.6 (0.15) 18.0 (0.22) 17.7 (0.24) 18.5 (0.23) 18.5 (0.25)
Without own children under 18 5.1 (0.12) 5.5 (0.12) 6.5 (0.13) 7.1 (0.14) 8.1 (0.10) 8.8 (0.11) 8.7 (0.11) 8.8 (0.16) 8.8 (0.18) 9.1 (0.17) 9.2 (0.18)
With own children under 18 5.6 (0.13) 9.1 (0.15) 10.0 (0.16) 10.5 (0.16) 10.7 (0.11) 10.0 (0.12) 9.8 (0.12) 9.2 (0.16) 8.9 (0.18) 9.3 (0.18) 9.4 (0.19)
One own child under 18 2.0 (0.08) 4.0 (0.10) 4.9 (0.12) 5.2 (0.12) 5.3 (0.08) 5.0 (0.09) 4.9 (0.08) 4.4 (0.12) 4.3 (0.13) 4.6 (0.13) 4.6 (0.13)
Two own children under 18 1.6 (0.07) 3.1 (0.09) 3.3 (0.10) 3.4 (0.10) 3.4 (0.07) 3.2 (0.07) 3.0 (0.07) 3.1 (0.10) 2.9 (0.11) 3.1 (0.10) 2.9 (0.11)
Three or more own children
      under 18
2.0 (0.08) 2.1 (0.07) 1.8 (0.07) 1.9 (0.07) 1.9 (0.05) 1.8 (0.05) 1.9 (0.05) 1.7 (0.07) 1.7 (0.08) 1.7 (0.08) 1.8 (0.09)
†Not applicable.
NOTE: Data are based on sample surveys of the noninstitutionalized population, which excludes persons living in institutions (e.g., prisons or nursing facilities); data include military personnel who live in households with civilians but exclude those who live in military barracks. A family household consists of two or more people who are related by birth, marriage, or adoption and are residing together. Own children are never-married sons and daughters, including stepchildren and adopted children, of the householder or married couple. Caution should be used when comparing 2020, 2021, and 2022 estimates to those of prior years due to the impact that the coronavirus pandemic had on interviewing and response rates. For additional information about the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the Current Population Survey data collection, please see https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/cps/techdocs/cpsmar22.pdf. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Some data have been revised from previously published figures.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Current Population Reports, Series P20, Household and Family Characteristics, 1994 and 1995; and Current Population Survey (CPS), Annual Social and Economic Supplement, America’s Families and Living Arrangements (F table series), 2000 and 2010-2022. Data for 2022 retrieved January 27, 2023, from https://www.census.gov/content/census/en/data/tables/2022/demo/families/cps-2022.html. (This table was prepared January 2023.)

2022 Tables and Figures All Years of Tables and Figures Most Recent Full Issue of the Digest