Table 331.95.

Percentage of undergraduate degree/certificate completers who ever received federal loans and parent PLUS loans and average cumulative loan amount, by degree level, selected student characteristics, and institution control: 2017-18

[Standard errors appear in parentheses]
Degree level, selected student characteristic, and institution control	Federal loans to students			Parent PLUS Loans1
1	2			3
	Percent of completers who ever received loans
Total, all completers	51.8		(0.72)	9.7		(0.33)
Certificate below associate's level	53.1		(2.64)	7.6		(1.09)
Sex
Male	37.1		(3.42)	7.6		(2.02)
Female	63.2		(3.14)	7.6		(1.24)
Institution control
Public	26.8		(1.88)	2.2		(0.35)
Private nonprofit	57.9		(15.56)	16.9	!	(5.38)
Private for-profit	77.8		(3.94)	12.0		(2.05)
Associate's degree	36.9		(1.53)	3.6		(0.39)
Sex
Male	28.6		(1.41)	3.1		(0.67)
Female	42.6		(1.91)	3.9		(0.56)
Race/ethnicity
White	38.0		(1.74)	4.2		(0.58)
Black	54.3		(3.03)	4.2	!	(1.68)
Hispanic	33.9		(2.90)	2.1	!	(0.87)
Asian	18.8		(3.86)	2.5	!	(1.23)
Pacific Islander	37.9	!	(15.66)	‡		(†)
American Indian/Alaska Native	27.3		(6.41)	‡		(†)
Two or more races	31.6		(5.36)	2.3	!	(0.85)
Dependency status
Dependent	23.6		(1.76)	4.1		(0.78)
Independent	48.9		(1.74)	3.1		(0.46)
Institution control
Public	28.0		(0.91)	2.3		(0.21)
Private nonprofit	69.3		(4.78)	11.4		(3.05)
Private for-profit	91.1		(1.64)	9.2	!	(3.10)
Bachelor's degree	57.4		(0.84)	12.6		(0.49)
Sex
Male	52.2		(1.08)	12.3		(0.65)
Female	61.4		(1.05)	12.9		(0.74)
Race/ethnicity
White	57.2		(0.81)	12.8		(0.52)
Black	76.1		(2.02)	19.4		(1.71)
Hispanic	63.8		(2.75)	12.0		(1.52)
Asian	38.3		(2.64)	7.5		(1.24)
Pacific Islander	41.3		(11.12)	‡		(†)
American Indian/Alaska Native	62.1		(7.76)	10.1		(3.01)
Two or more races	55.1		(3.11)	12.5		(3.09)
Dependency status
Dependent	52.0		(0.90)	15.3		(0.67)
Independent	66.6		(1.37)	8.1		(0.67)
Institution control
Public	54.5		(0.91)	12.0		(0.54)
Private nonprofit	60.5		(1.33)	14.9		(0.92)
Private for-profit	74.0		(7.09)	8.7	!	(2.83)
	Average cumulative loan amount for students with loans (current dollars)2
Total, all completers	$23,020		(296)	$30,860		(1,200)
Certificate below associate's level	$13,900		(702)	$14,810		(3,332)
Sex
Male	$12,980		(887)	$20,940	!	(6,615)
Female	14,240		(830)	11,000		(1,729)
Institution control
Public	12,880		(698)	11,800		(1,561)
Private nonprofit	16,260		(2,791)	‡		(†)
Private for-profit	14,080		(961)	15,880		(4,377)
Associate's degree	19,270		(573)	17,250		(1,902)
Sex
Male	16,440		(654)	15,250		(1,846)
Female	20,540		(716)	18,330		(2,410)
Race/ethnicity
White	17,850		(573)	18,080		(2,770)
Black	22,550		(1,419)	15,290		(2,924)
Hispanic	21,240		(2,042)	13,130		(1,924)
Asian	21,260		(3,619)	‡		(†)
Pacific Islander	‡		(†)	‡		(†)
American Indian/Alaska Native	19,310		(2,904)	‡		(†)
Two or more races	13,830		(2,177)	‡		(†)
Dependency status
Dependent	12,610		(767)	21,470		(2,612)
Independent	22,160		(706)	12,130		(1,176)
Institution control
Public	15,840		(446)	13,660		(1,500)
Private nonprofit	25,750		(1,851)	22,320		(5,339)
Private for-profit	25,090		(1,768)	21,230		(5,108)
Bachelor's degree	26,190		(364)	34,930		(1,355)
Sex
Male	25,530		(460)	35,640		(1,840)
Female	26,620		(453)	34,420		(1,827)
Race/ethnicity
White	25,920		(394)	36,350		(1,397)
Black	32,530		(892)	28,350		(3,314)
Hispanic	24,050		(905)	30,320		(3,065)
Asian	23,080		(1,049)	43,110		(10,698)
Pacific Islander	23,050		(4,330)	‡		(†)
American Indian/Alaska Native	25,600		(2,483)	‡		(†)
Two or more races	24,040		(1,418)	38,750		(7,290)
Dependency status
Dependent	22,370		(293)	39,310		(1,614)
Independent	31,260		(674)	20,830		(1,790)
Institution control
Public	24,650		(352)	30,510		(1,337)
Private nonprofit	27,340		(547)	44,550		(2,853)
Private for-profit	33,620		(2,085)	22,850		(3,335)

†Not applicable.

!Interpret data with caution. The coefficient of variation (CV) for this estimate is between 30 and 50 percent.

‡Reporting standards not met. Either there are too few cases for a reliable estimate or the coefficient of variation (CV) is 50 percent or greater.

1 Parent PLUS Loans are taken out by parents of dependent students and are used toward the students' undergraduate education. Parent PLUS Loans were available through both the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program and the Federal Family Education Loan Program (FFELP) until FFELP was discontinued in 2010. Since then, Parent PLUS Loans have been referred to as Direct PLUS Loans.

2 Average loan amounts were calculated only for students who took out each type of loan (or whose parents took out a PLUS Loan on their behalf).

NOTE: Data in this table represent the 50 states and the District of Columbia. The National Postsecondary Student Aid Study, Administrative Collection (NPSAS:18-AC) is based solely on data collected from administrative sources and, unlike prior NPSAS studies, does not include student survey data. Caution should be used when comparing NPSAS:18-AC to prior NPSAS studies. Race categories exclude persons of Hispanic ethnicity.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2017-18 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study, Administrative Collection (NPSAS:18-AC). (This table was prepared February 2022.)