Table 314.40.

Employees in degree-granting postsecondary institutions, by race/ethnicity, sex, employment status, control and level of institution, and primary occupation: Fall 2020

Sex, employment status, control and level of institution, and primary occupation	Total	White	Black, Hispanic, Asian, Pacific Islander, American Indian/Alaska Native, and Two or more races								Race/ ethnicity unknown	Non-resident alien1
			Total	Per-cent2	Black	Hispanic	Asian	Pacific Islander	American Indian/ Alaska Native	Two or more races
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13
All institutions	3,811,104	2,419,090	1,024,470	29.8	365,977	313,707	260,870	7,159	18,625	58,132	161,361	206,183
Faculty (instruction/research/public service)	1,489,415	1,016,926	339,366	25.0	104,432	83,762	124,493	2,390	6,353	17,936	75,052	58,071
Instruction	1,363,254	953,159	309,610	24.5	99,784	77,576	107,517	2,259	6,066	16,408	69,576	30,909
Research	95,021	42,746	21,510	33.5	2,521	4,401	13,206	90	171	1,121	4,427	26,338
Public service	31,140	21,021	8,246	28.2	2,127	1,785	3,770	41	116	407	1,049	824
Graduate assistants	377,459	161,665	78,365	32.6	17,153	24,604	26,528	408	915	8,757	19,686	117,743
Librarians, curators, and archivists	38,510	28,962	8,171	22.0	2,777	2,431	1,993	107	229	634	1,089	288
Student and academic affairs and other education     services	174,314	112,220	53,483	32.3	22,328	18,216	7,882	547	1,216	3,294	6,641	1,970
Management	263,786	192,214	63,361	24.8	28,261	18,526	11,497	404	1,232	3,441	6,861	1,350
Business and financial operations	228,241	148,667	69,402	31.8	25,204	22,796	15,862	503	1,163	3,874	7,900	2,272
Computer, engineering, and science	239,356	150,342	66,896	30.8	15,639	18,318	27,662	367	974	3,936	8,129	13,989
Community, social service, legal, arts, design,     entertainment, sports, and media	187,246	129,483	49,477	27.6	21,717	16,439	6,166	541	1,052	3,562	6,924	1,362
Healthcare practitioners and technicians	115,654	70,440	36,125	33.9	11,986	9,605	12,234	157	366	1,777	5,602	3,487
Service occupations	224,901	113,374	100,715	47.0	49,002	37,861	8,361	678	1,854	2,959	8,623	2,189
Sales and related occupations	10,568	6,358	3,730	37.0	1,748	1,250	355	30	68	279	432	48
Office and administrative support	375,059	228,144	132,649	36.8	55,996	50,662	15,942	839	2,458	6,752	11,277	2,989
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	69,302	49,377	17,054	25.7	6,974	7,235	1,386	139	592	728	2,530	341
Production, transportation, and material moving	17,293	10,918	5,676	34.2	2,760	2,002	509	49	153	203	615	84
Males	1,695,000	1,081,250	418,138	27.9	135,017	128,037	121,428	3,139	7,772	22,745	75,291	120,321
Faculty (instruction/research/public service)	734,605	503,916	159,099	24.0	40,858	40,227	66,453	1,114	2,868	7,579	36,429	35,161
Instruction	666,208	470,304	144,284	23.5	39,031	37,349	57,195	1,048	2,753	6,908	33,600	18,020
Research	53,446	23,404	11,052	32.1	1,017	2,039	7,379	47	74	496	2,328	16,662
Public service	14,951	10,208	3,763	26.9	810	839	1,879	19	41	175	501	479
Graduate assistants	188,950	74,779	34,679	31.7	6,275	10,964	13,080	212	370	3,778	9,680	69,812
Librarians, curators, and archivists	11,432	8,777	2,193	20.0	654	819	497	13	59	151	358	104
Student and academic affairs and other education     services	54,167	35,069	16,014	31.3	6,407	5,543	2,503	222	378	961	2,247	837
Management	112,001	84,249	23,966	22.1	10,046	7,113	4,825	194	503	1,285	3,097	689
Business and financial operations	61,752	41,452	16,997	29.1	5,677	5,937	3,921	149	309	1,004	2,521	782
Computer, engineering, and science	142,355	93,300	35,882	27.8	8,194	10,649	13,998	249	567	2,225	4,891	8,282
Community, social service, legal, arts, design,     entertainment, sports, and media	81,424	57,645	19,726	25.5	9,647	6,038	2,073	241	395	1,332	3,427	626
Healthcare practitioners and technicians	33,660	19,435	10,397	34.9	2,652	2,672	4,428	46	94	505	2,117	1,711
Service occupations	128,494	68,995	53,563	43.7	26,661	19,394	4,346	390	1,116	1,656	4,943	993
Sales and related occupations	3,626	2,205	1,243	36.0	562	419	122	9	26	105	163	15
Office and administrative support	64,588	36,374	24,612	40.4	9,218	9,934	3,544	133	417	1,366	2,626	976
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	63,774	45,894	15,318	25.0	6,106	6,675	1,215	124	551	647	2,289	273
Production, transportation, and material moving	14,172	9,160	4,449	32.7	2,060	1,653	423	43	119	151	503	60
Females	2,116,104	1,337,840	606,332	31.2	230,960	185,670	139,442	4,020	10,853	35,387	86,070	85,862
Faculty (instruction/research/public service)	754,810	513,010	180,267	26.0	63,574	43,535	58,040	1,276	3,485	10,357	38,623	22,910
Instruction	697,046	482,855	165,326	25.5	60,753	40,227	50,322	1,211	3,313	9,500	35,976	12,889
Research	41,575	19,342	10,458	35.1	1,504	2,362	5,827	43	97	625	2,099	9,676
Public service	16,189	10,813	4,483	29.3	1,317	946	1,891	22	75	232	548	345
Graduate assistants	188,509	86,886	43,686	33.5	10,878	13,640	13,448	196	545	4,979	10,006	47,931
Librarians, curators, and archivists	27,078	20,185	5,978	22.8	2,123	1,612	1,496	94	170	483	731	184
Student and academic affairs and other education     services	120,147	77,151	37,469	32.7	15,921	12,673	5,379	325	838	2,333	4,394	1,133
Management	151,785	107,965	39,395	26.7	18,215	11,413	6,672	210	729	2,156	3,764	661
Business and financial operations	166,489	107,215	52,405	32.8	19,527	16,859	11,941	354	854	2,870	5,379	1,490
Computer, engineering, and science	97,001	57,042	31,014	35.2	7,445	7,669	13,664	118	407	1,711	3,238	5,707
Community, social service, legal, arts, design,     entertainment, sports, and media	105,822	71,838	29,751	29.3	12,070	10,401	4,093	300	657	2,230	3,497	736
Healthcare practitioners and technicians	81,994	51,005	25,728	33.5	9,334	6,933	7,806	111	272	1,272	3,485	1,776
Service occupations	96,407	44,379	47,152	51.5	22,341	18,467	4,015	288	738	1,303	3,680	1,196
Sales and related occupations	6,942	4,153	2,487	37.5	1,186	831	233	21	42	174	269	33
Office and administrative support	310,471	191,770	108,037	36.0	46,778	40,728	12,398	706	2,041	5,386	8,651	2,013
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	5,528	3,483	1,736	33.3	868	560	171	15	41	81	241	68
Production, transportation, and material moving	3,121	1,758	1,227	41.1	700	349	86	6	34	52	112	24
Full-time	2,544,429	1,653,310	734,320	30.8	264,336	225,835	188,647	5,069	13,207	37,226	81,387	75,412
Faculty (instruction/research/public service)	836,597	563,609	196,314	25.8	47,477	44,340	90,438	1,215	3,266	9,578	26,655	50,019
Instruction	728,407	510,786	170,521	25.0	43,778	39,055	75,265	1,111	3,042	8,270	22,265	24,835
Research	83,778	36,517	19,204	34.5	2,226	3,824	11,959	70	143	982	3,625	24,432
Public service	24,412	16,306	6,589	28.8	1,473	1,461	3,214	34	81	326	765	752
Graduate assistants	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Librarians, curators, and archivists	33,402	25,253	7,025	21.8	2,292	2,125	1,757	99	187	565	870	254
Student and academic affairs and other education     services	123,732	79,294	39,308	33.1	16,680	13,129	5,673	432	919	2,475	3,856	1,274
Management	257,423	187,407	62,136	24.9	27,745	18,202	11,201	399	1,200	3,389	6,596	1,284
Business and financial operations	216,350	140,248	66,760	32.2	24,381	21,882	15,200	472	1,106	3,719	7,288	2,054
Computer, engineering, and science	222,265	139,856	62,146	30.8	14,461	16,864	25,946	343	890	3,642	7,350	12,913
Community, social service, legal, arts, design,     entertainment, sports, and media	157,319	108,244	42,689	28.3	18,635	14,264	5,394	458	885	3,053	5,274	1,112
Healthcare practitioners and technicians	98,988	59,615	31,884	34.8	10,636	8,623	10,582	132	320	1,591	4,877	2,612
Service occupations	194,285	95,927	89,533	48.3	43,157	34,101	7,569	577	1,592	2,537	6,994	1,831
Sales and related occupations	8,920	5,296	3,330	38.6	1,598	1,109	298	29	61	235	275	19
Office and administrative support	314,786	192,341	112,060	36.8	48,375	42,387	12,855	738	2,098	5,607	8,666	1,719
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	65,837	47,128	16,255	25.6	6,550	7,027	1,318	135	555	670	2,196	258
Production, transportation, and material moving	14,525	9,092	4,880	34.9	2,349	1,782	416	40	128	165	490	63
Part-time	1,266,675	765,780	290,150	27.5	101,641	87,872	72,223	2,090	5,418	20,906	79,974	130,771
Faculty (instruction/research/public service)	652,818	453,317	143,052	24.0	56,955	39,422	34,055	1,175	3,087	8,358	48,397	8,052
Instruction	634,847	442,373	139,089	23.9	56,006	38,521	32,252	1,148	3,024	8,138	47,311	6,074
Research	11,243	6,229	2,306	27.0	295	577	1,247	20	28	139	802	1,906
Public service	6,728	4,715	1,657	26.0	654	324	556	7	35	81	284	72
Graduate assistants	377,459	161,665	78,365	32.6	17,153	24,604	26,528	408	915	8,757	19,686	117,743
Librarians, curators, and archivists	5,108	3,709	1,146	23.6	485	306	236	8	42	69	219	34
Student and academic affairs and other education     services	50,582	32,926	14,175	30.1	5,648	5,087	2,209	115	297	819	2,785	696
Management	6,363	4,807	1,225	20.3	516	324	296	5	32	52	265	66
Business and financial operations	11,891	8,419	2,642	23.9	823	914	662	31	57	155	612	218
Computer, engineering, and science	17,091	10,486	4,750	31.2	1,178	1,454	1,716	24	84	294	779	1,076
Community, social service, legal, arts, design,     entertainment, sports, and media	29,927	21,239	6,788	24.2	3,082	2,175	772	83	167	509	1,650	250
Healthcare practitioners and technicians	16,666	10,825	4,241	28.1	1,350	982	1,652	25	46	186	725	875
Service occupations	30,616	17,447	11,182	39.1	5,845	3,760	792	101	262	422	1,629	358
Sales and related occupations	1,648	1,062	400	27.4	150	141	57	1	7	44	157	29
Office and administrative support	60,273	35,803	20,589	36.5	7,621	8,275	3,087	101	360	1,145	2,611	1,270
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	3,465	2,249	799	26.2	424	208	68	4	37	58	334	83
Production, transportation, and material moving	2,768	1,826	796	30.4	411	220	93	9	25	38	125	21
Public 4-year	2,021,508	1,246,357	544,951	30.4	183,180	169,256	148,211	3,211	10,632	30,461	79,827	150,373
Faculty (instruction/research/public service)	675,165	449,724	157,380	25.9	40,282	38,355	67,409	867	3,067	7,400	30,067	37,994
Instruction	599,192	409,939	141,682	25.7	37,824	34,869	58,752	771	2,870	6,596	26,485	21,086
Research	59,270	27,635	12,195	30.6	1,433	2,687	7,248	71	122	634	3,027	16,413
Public service	16,703	12,150	3,503	22.4	1,025	799	1,409	25	75	170	555	495
Graduate assistants	294,031	127,169	59,330	31.8	13,313	19,456	18,893	301	771	6,596	14,828	92,704
Librarians, curators, and archivists	18,099	13,419	4,046	23.2	1,326	1,290	933	53	135	309	478	156
Student and academic affairs and other education     services	73,692	46,782	23,000	33.0	9,149	8,051	3,623	219	574	1,384	2,741	1,169
Management	126,917	92,774	30,543	24.8	13,935	8,840	5,375	158	703	1,532	2,771	829
Business and financial operations	138,730	90,431	42,168	31.8	14,731	14,044	9,955	308	790	2,340	4,517	1,614
Computer, engineering, and science	149,639	95,718	39,367	29.1	8,686	11,014	16,436	189	635	2,407	4,816	9,738
Community, social service, legal, arts, design,     entertainment, sports, and media	92,594	62,021	26,496	29.9	11,143	9,396	3,294	243	595	1,825	3,229	848
Healthcare practitioners and technicians	77,509	47,943	23,394	32.8	7,920	5,945	8,038	77	285	1,129	4,155	2,017
Service occupations	122,058	60,090	56,104	48.3	27,204	20,675	5,216	319	1,081	1,609	4,532	1,332
Sales and related occupations	2,423	1,601	660	29.2	271	223	90	8	26	42	141	21
Office and administrative support	193,172	118,578	67,509	36.3	28,916	25,862	7,690	363	1,426	3,252	5,398	1,687
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	45,781	32,661	11,203	25.5	4,594	4,670	910	85	438	506	1,722	195
Production, transportation, and material moving	11,698	7,446	3,751	33.5	1,710	1,435	349	21	106	130	432	69
Public 2-year	488,893	335,491	133,822	28.5	55,098	47,428	20,267	1,194	3,813	6,022	16,302	3,278
Faculty (instruction/research/public service)	266,202	195,979	58,153	22.9	23,216	18,319	11,734	536	1,583	2,765	10,405	1,665
Instruction	263,661	194,314	57,396	22.8	22,756	18,161	11,652	533	1,564	2,730	10,327	1,624
Research	153	101	47	31.8	10	22	9	1	2	3	5	0
Public service	2,388	1,564	710	31.2	450	136	73	2	17	32	73	41
Graduate assistants	16	9	7	43.8	3	3	1	0	0	0	0	0
Librarians, curators, and archivists	4,586	3,353	1,114	24.9	450	369	184	12	47	52	101	18
Student and academic affairs and other education     services	41,686	26,767	13,451	33.4	5,591	5,105	1,566	123	398	668	1,267	201
Management	30,179	21,383	8,053	27.4	4,100	2,509	835	68	246	295	661	82
Business and financial operations	16,286	9,957	5,855	37.0	2,332	2,268	807	35	173	240	362	112
Computer, engineering, and science	13,456	9,042	4,006	30.7	1,182	1,479	988	37	125	195	301	107
Community, social service, legal, arts, design,     entertainment, sports, and media	20,837	13,109	7,043	34.9	3,330	2,453	615	89	224	332	596	89
Healthcare practitioners and technicians	1,395	1,068	243	18.5	83	81	42	5	10	22	81	3
Service occupations	28,688	15,179	12,296	44.8	5,983	4,766	729	89	376	353	906	307
Sales and related occupations	1,309	1,013	277	21.5	107	95	37	1	15	22	16	3
Office and administrative support	58,015	34,222	21,639	38.7	7,994	9,341	2,593	186	530	995	1,484	670
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	5,187	3,727	1,348	26.6	582	510	108	10	67	71	91	21
Production, transportation, and material moving	1,051	683	337	33.0	145	130	28	3	19	12	31	0
Private nonprofit 4-year	1,186,384	771,555	305,243	28.3	109,880	84,887	86,345	2,322	3,453	18,356	57,309	52,277
Faculty (instruction/research/public service)	479,131	329,985	102,029	23.6	30,446	21,809	41,667	749	1,306	6,052	28,806	18,311
Instruction	431,579	307,715	88,764	22.4	28,721	19,275	33,448	717	1,236	5,367	27,002	8,098
Research	35,547	14,980	9,248	38.2	1,074	1,686	5,942	18	47	481	1,394	9,925
Public service	12,005	7,290	4,017	35.5	651	848	2,277	14	23	204	410	288
Graduate assistants	83,103	34,341	18,924	35.5	3,795	5,120	7,617	107	142	2,143	4,803	25,035
Librarians, curators, and archivists	15,107	11,676	2,835	19.5	961	696	843	39	41	255	484	112
Student and academic affairs and other education     services	47,718	32,791	12,387	27.4	5,577	3,506	2,119	139	171	875	1,952	588
Management	97,488	72,099	21,878	23.3	9,118	6,219	4,792	151	240	1,358	3,078	433
Business and financial operations	69,336	46,091	19,855	30.1	7,626	5,889	4,849	146	173	1,172	2,854	536
Computer, engineering, and science	74,511	44,618	22,924	33.9	5,644	5,635	10,032	138	202	1,273	2,918	4,051
Community, social service, legal, arts, design,     entertainment, sports, and media	70,596	52,405	14,813	22.0	6,734	4,258	2,127	201	219	1,274	2,958	420
Healthcare practitioners and technicians	36,464	21,259	12,383	36.8	3,966	3,559	4,106	73	69	610	1,355	1,467
Service occupations	72,245	37,310	31,272	45.6	15,412	11,894	2,373	257	372	964	3,113	550
Sales and related occupations	3,110	2,132	835	28.1	300	364	98	10	2	61	121	22
Office and administrative support	115,368	71,350	39,378	35.6	17,659	13,689	5,246	250	411	2,123	4,028	612
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	17,803	12,764	4,222	24.9	1,754	1,840	365	42	78	143	692	125
Production, transportation, and material moving	4,404	2,734	1,508	35.5	888	409	111	20	27	53	147	15
Private nonprofit 2-year	6,872	4,096	2,519	38.1	1,475	565	154	11	158	156	250	7
Faculty (instruction/research/public service)	2,988	2,080	823	28.3	531	117	57	2	60	56	79	6
Instruction	2,978	2,073	821	28.4	531	117	57	2	59	55	78	6
Research	8	6	1	14.3	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0
Public service	2	1	1	50.0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0
Graduate assistants	0	0	0	†	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Librarians, curators, and archivists	69	57	10	14.9	3	2	0	0	4	1	1	1
Student and academic affairs and other education     services	1,001	406	537	56.9	299	141	34	5	23	35	58	0
Management	695	479	191	28.5	99	47	19	1	11	14	25	0
Business and financial operations	206	129	73	36.1	33	21	7	1	9	2	4	0
Computer, engineering, and science	130	81	43	34.7	9	12	15	0	5	2	6	0
Community, social service, legal, arts, design,     entertainment, sports, and media	170	128	42	24.7	25	14	0	0	2	1	0	0
Healthcare practitioners and technicians	22	18	3	14.3	3	0	0	0	0	0	1	0
Service occupations	176	79	95	54.6	55	26	0	0	14	0	2	0
Sales and related occupations	224	93	121	56.5	81	31	1	0	2	6	10	0
Office and administrative support	1,144	514	571	52.6	331	151	21	2	28	38	59	0
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	43	30	8	21.1	5	3	0	0	0	0	5	0
Production, transportation, and material moving	4	2	2	50.0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0
Private for-profit 4-year	86,101	50,211	28,613	36.3	12,562	7,905	4,888	325	455	2,478	7,092	185
Faculty (instruction/research/public service)	54,089	32,433	16,269	33.4	7,923	3,549	3,034	181	269	1,313	5,329	58
Instruction	54,046	32,411	16,250	33.4	7,923	3,544	3,022	181	269	1,311	5,327	58
Research	26	14	12	46.2	0	4	6	0	0	2	0	0
Public service	17	8	7	46.7	0	1	6	0	0	0	2	0
Graduate assistants	305	146	100	40.7	42	21	17	0	2	18	55	4
Librarians, curators, and archivists	531	375	131	25.9	21	59	30	3	2	16	24	1
Student and academic affairs and other education     services	8,258	4,486	3,190	41.6	1,397	1,021	428	53	39	252	582	0
Management	6,032	4,050	1,699	29.6	598	540	357	20	23	161	277	6
Business and financial operations	2,785	1,622	1,014	38.5	339	356	198	8	16	97	142	7
Computer, engineering, and science	1,445	777	492	38.8	104	149	174	2	7	56	85	91
Community, social service, legal, arts, design,     entertainment, sports, and media	2,817	1,740	946	35.2	412	269	124	7	11	123	129	2
Healthcare practitioners and technicians	241	139	93	40.1	8	19	46	2	2	16	9	0
Service occupations	1,425	572	788	57.9	292	410	39	11	10	26	65	0
Sales and related occupations	2,424	1,085	1,229	53.1	737	258	99	7	20	108	109	1
Office and administrative support	5,270	2,616	2,377	47.6	647	1,056	319	24	50	281	262	15
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	349	120	210	63.6	28	170	2	2	3	5	19	0
Production, transportation, and material moving	130	50	75	60.0	14	28	21	5	1	6	5	0
Private for-profit 2-year	21,346	11,380	9,322	45.0	3,782	3,666	1,005	96	114	659	581	63
Faculty (instruction/research/public service)	11,840	6,725	4,712	41.2	2,034	1,613	592	55	68	350	366	37
Instruction	11,798	6,707	4,697	41.2	2,029	1,610	586	55	68	349	357	37
Research	17	10	7	41.2	4	2	1	0	0	0	0	0
Public service	25	8	8	50.0	1	1	5	0	0	1	9	0
Graduate assistants	4	0	4	100.0	0	4	0	0	0	0	0	0
Librarians, curators, and archivists	118	82	35	29.9	16	15	3	0	0	1	1	0
Student and academic affairs and other education     services	1,959	988	918	48.2	315	392	112	8	11	80	41	12
Management	2,475	1,429	997	41.1	411	371	119	6	9	81	49	0
Business and financial operations	898	437	437	50.0	143	218	46	5	2	23	21	3
Computer, engineering, and science	175	106	64	37.6	14	29	17	1	0	3	3	2
Community, social service, legal, arts, design,     entertainment, sports, and media	232	80	137	63.1	73	49	6	1	1	7	12	3
Healthcare practitioners and technicians	23	13	9	40.9	6	1	2	0	0	0	1	0
Service occupations	309	144	160	52.6	56	90	4	2	1	7	5	0
Sales and related occupations	1,078	434	608	58.3	252	279	30	4	3	40	35	1
Office and administrative support	2,090	864	1,175	57.6	449	563	73	14	13	63	46	5
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	139	75	63	45.7	11	42	1	0	6	3	1	0
Production, transportation, and material moving	6	3	3	50.0	2	0	0	0	0	1	0	0

†Not applicable.

1 Race/ethnicity not collected.

2 Combined total of staff who were Black, Hispanic, Asian, Pacific Islander, American Indian/Alaska Native, and of Two or more races as a percentage of total staff, excluding race/ethnicity unknown and nonresident alien.

NOTE: Data in this table represent the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Degree-granting institutions grant associate’s or higher degrees and participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs. By definition, all graduate assistants are part time. Race categories exclude persons of Hispanic ethnicity.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2021, Human Resources component. (This table was prepared February 2022.)