![]() |
2021 Tables and Figures | All Years of Tables and Figures | Most Recent Full Issue of the Digest |
![]() |
Download Excel ![]() |
Table 314.20. | Employees in degree-granting postsecondary institutions, by sex, employment status, control and level of institution, and primary occupation: Selected years, fall 1991 through fall 2020 |
Sex, employment status, control and level of institution, and primary occupation | 1991 | 1995 | 2001 | 2003 | 2005 | 2007 | 2009 | 2011 | 2013 | 2015 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | Percent change, 2009 to 2020 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
All institutions | 2,545,235 | 2,662,075 | 3,083,353 | 3,187,907 | 3,379,087 | 3,561,730 | 3,724,661 | 3,841,819 | 3,896,053 | 3,914,284 | 3,916,658 | 3,925,642 | 3,963,057 | 3,811,104 | 2.3 |
Faculty (instruction/research/ public service) |
826,252 | 931,706 | 1,113,183 | 1,173,593 | 1,290,426 | 1,371,587 | 1,439,074 | 1,524,469 | 1,545,381 | 1,552,256 | 1,545,653 | 1,543,212 | 1,548,824 | 1,489,415 | 3.5 |
Graduate assistants | 197,751 | 215,909 | 261,136 | 292,061 | 317,141 | 329,001 | 343,204 | 355,916 | 363,416 | 366,868 | 377,049 | 382,749 | 389,452 | 377,459 | 10.0 |
Other1 |
1,521,232 | 1,514,460 | 1,709,034 | 1,722,253 | 1,771,520 | 1,861,142 | 1,942,383 | 1,961,434 | 1,987,256 | 1,995,160 | 1,993,956 | 1,999,681 | 2,024,781 | 1,944,230 | 0.1 |
Males |
1,227,591 | 1,274,676 | 1,451,773 | 1,496,867 | 1,581,498 | 1,650,641 | 1,710,021 | 1,754,919 | 1,772,803 | 1,776,928 | 1,774,403 | 1,768,349 | 1,772,275 | 1,695,000 | -0.9 |
Faculty (instruction/research/ public service) |
525,599 | 562,893 | 644,514 | 663,723 | 714,453 | 744,047 | 761,002 | 789,567 | 791,971 | 789,405 | 778,873 | 771,861 | 768,404 | 734,605 | -3.5 |
Graduate assistants | 119,125 | 123,962 | 142,120 | 156,881 | 167,529 | 173,128 | 181,328 | 188,305 | 191,501 | 193,202 | 196,014 | 196,791 | 197,473 | 188,950 | 4.2 |
Other1 |
582,867 | 587,821 | 665,139 | 676,263 | 699,516 | 733,466 | 767,691 | 777,047 | 789,331 | 794,321 | 799,516 | 799,697 | 806,398 | 771,445 | 0.5 |
Females |
1,317,644 | 1,387,399 | 1,631,580 | 1,691,040 | 1,797,589 | 1,911,089 | 2,014,640 | 2,086,900 | 2,123,250 | 2,137,356 | 2,142,255 | 2,157,293 | 2,190,782 | 2,116,104 | 5.0 |
Faculty (instruction/research/ public service) |
300,653 | 368,813 | 468,669 | 509,870 | 575,973 | 627,540 | 678,072 | 734,902 | 753,410 | 762,851 | 766,780 | 771,351 | 780,420 | 754,810 | 11.3 |
Graduate assistants | 78,626 | 91,947 | 119,016 | 135,180 | 149,612 | 155,873 | 161,876 | 167,611 | 171,915 | 173,666 | 181,035 | 185,958 | 191,979 | 188,509 | 16.5 |
Other1 |
938,365 | 926,639 | 1,043,895 | 1,045,990 | 1,072,004 | 1,127,676 | 1,174,692 | 1,184,387 | 1,197,925 | 1,200,839 | 1,194,440 | 1,199,984 | 1,218,383 | 1,172,785 | -0.2 |
Full-time |
1,812,912 | 1,801,371 | 2,043,208 | 2,083,142 | 2,179,864 | 2,281,516 | 2,382,305 | 2,435,988 | 2,472,434 | 2,507,787 | 2,531,496 | 2,551,382 | 2,590,802 | 2,544,429 | 6.8 |
Faculty (instruction/research/ public service) |
535,623 | 550,822 | 617,868 | 630,092 | 675,624 | 703,757 | 729,152 | 762,114 | 791,378 | 807,109 | 822,513 | 832,130 | 843,820 | 836,597 | 14.7 |
Other1 |
1,277,289 | 1,250,549 | 1,425,340 | 1,453,050 | 1,504,240 | 1,577,759 | 1,653,153 | 1,673,874 | 1,681,056 | 1,700,678 | 1,708,983 | 1,719,252 | 1,746,982 | 1,707,832 | 3.3 |
Part-time |
732,323 | 860,704 | 1,040,145 | 1,104,765 | 1,199,223 | 1,280,214 | 1,342,356 | 1,405,831 | 1,423,619 | 1,406,497 | 1,385,162 | 1,374,260 | 1,372,255 | 1,266,675 | -5.6 |
Faculty (instruction/research/ public service) |
290,629 | 380,884 | 495,315 | 543,501 | 614,802 | 667,830 | 709,922 | 762,355 | 754,003 | 745,147 | 723,140 | 711,082 | 705,004 | 652,818 | -8.0 |
Graduate assistants | 197,751 | 215,909 | 261,136 | 292,061 | 317,141 | 329,001 | 343,204 | 355,916 | 363,416 | 366,868 | 377,049 | 382,749 | 389,452 | 377,459 | 10.0 |
Other1 |
243,943 | 263,911 | 283,694 | 269,203 | 267,280 | 283,383 | 289,230 | 287,560 | 306,200 | 294,482 | 284,973 | 280,429 | 277,799 | 236,398 | -18.3 |
Public 4-year |
1,341,914 | 1,383,476 | 1,558,576 | 1,569,870 | 1,656,709 | 1,742,370 | 1,804,332 | 1,843,314 | 1,884,854 | 1,925,674 | 1,989,365 | 2,021,429 | 2,067,330 | 2,021,508 | 12.0 |
Faculty (instruction/research/ public service) |
358,376 | 384,399 | 438,459 | 450,123 | 486,691 | 518,930 | 539,946 | 575,624 | 601,126 | 622,283 | 656,145 | 670,988 | 684,491 | 675,165 | 25.0 |
Graduate assistants | 144,344 | 178,342 | 218,260 | 239,600 | 257,578 | 266,451 | 275,878 | 285,905 | 287,839 | 291,770 | 295,389 | 299,328 | 303,854 | 294,031 | 6.6 |
Other1 |
839,194 | 820,735 | 901,857 | 880,147 | 912,440 | 956,989 | 988,508 | 981,785 | 995,889 | 1,011,621 | 1,037,831 | 1,051,113 | 1,078,985 | 1,052,312 | 6.5 |
Private 4-year |
734,509 | 770,004 | 912,924 | 988,895 | 1,073,764 | 1,158,196 | 1,230,409 | 1,297,376 | 1,318,760 | 1,323,899 | 1,313,901 | 1,306,885 | 1,314,891 | 1,272,485 | 3.4 |
Faculty (instruction/research/ public service) |
232,893 | 262,660 | 325,713 | 364,166 | 430,305 | 473,455 | 498,403 | 540,018 | 550,512 | 558,262 | 552,998 | 545,475 | 549,293 | 533,220 | 7.0 |
Graduate assistants | 23,989 | 33,853 | 41,611 | 52,101 | 59,147 | 62,550 | 67,326 | 70,011 | 75,537 | 75,079 | 81,638 | 83,393 | 85,582 | 83,408 | 23.9 |
Other1 |
477,627 | 473,491 | 545,600 | 572,628 | 584,312 | 622,191 | 664,680 | 687,347 | 692,711 | 690,558 | 679,265 | 678,017 | 680,016 | 655,857 | -1.3 |
Public 2-year |
441,414 | 482,454 | 578,394 | 593,466 | 610,978 | 619,455 | 638,361 | 642,455 | 642,430 | 622,754 | 577,387 | 567,025 | 551,690 | 488,893 | -23.4 |
Faculty (instruction/research/ public service) |
222,532 | 272,434 | 332,665 | 341,643 | 354,497 | 357,596 | 373,842 | 378,535 | 367,608 | 348,708 | 316,544 | 310,761 | 299,729 | 266,202 | -28.8 |
Graduate assistants | 29,216 | 3,401 | 1,215 | 323 | 374 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 13 | 15 | 17 | 16 | 16 | † |
Other1 |
189,666 | 206,619 | 244,514 | 251,500 | 256,107 | 261,859 | 264,519 | 263,920 | 274,809 | 274,033 | 260,828 | 256,247 | 251,945 | 222,675 | -15.8 |
Private 2-year |
27,398 | 26,141 | 33,459 | 35,676 | 37,636 | 41,709 | 51,559 | 58,674 | 50,009 | 41,957 | 36,005 | 30,303 | 29,146 | 28,218 | -45.3 |
Faculty (instruction/research/ public service) |
12,451 | 12,213 | 16,346 | 17,661 | 18,933 | 21,606 | 26,883 | 30,292 | 26,135 | 23,003 | 19,966 | 15,988 | 15,311 | 14,828 | -44.8 |
Graduate assistants | 202 | 313 | 50 | 37 | 42 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 27 | 6 | 7 | 11 | 0 | 4 | † |
Other1 |
14,745 | 13,615 | 17,063 | 17,978 | 18,661 | 20,103 | 24,676 | 28,382 | 23,847 | 18,948 | 16,032 | 14,304 | 13,835 | 13,386 | -45.8 |
†Not applicable. | |||||||||||||||
1 Prior to 2013, included employees categorized as executive/administrative/managerial. Since 2013, includes employees in categories such as office and administrative support; management; computer, engineering, and science; and business and financial operations. | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NOTE: Data in this table represent the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Data through 1995 are for institutions of higher education, while later data are for degree-granting institutions. Degree-granting institutions grant associate’s or higher degrees and participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs. The degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, but it includes more 2-year colleges and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not grant degrees. Beginning in 2007, includes institutions with fewer than 15 full-time employees; these institutions did not report staff data prior to 2007. By definition, all graduate assistants are part time. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. | |||||||||||||||
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), "Fall Staff Survey" (IPEDS-S:91-99); selected years, IPEDS Winter 2001-02 through Winter 2011-12, Human Resources component, Fall Staff section; and IPEDS Spring 2014 through Spring 2021, Human Resources component, Fall Staff section. (This table was prepared February 2022.) |