Table 203.75.

Enrollment and percentage distribution of enrollment in public schools, by family poverty rate of 5- to 17-year-olds living in the school district, student race/ethnicity, region, and school locale: 2019-20

Student race/ethnicity, region, and school locale	Enrollment					Percentage distribution of enrollment
	Total	Family poverty rate1 of 5- to 17-year-olds2  living in the school district				Total	Family poverty rate1 of 5- to 17-year-olds2  living in the school district
		0 to 8.619 percent	8.620 to 14.505 percent	14.506 to 20.485 percent	20.486 percent or more		0 to 8.619 percent	8.620 to 14.505 percent	14.506 to 20.485 percent	20.486 percent or more
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11
Total	50,647,113	12,644,383	12,647,058	12,692,991	12,662,681	100.0	25.0	25.0	25.1	25.0
White	23,517,995	8,027,726	6,648,492	5,213,323	3,628,454	100.0	34.1	28.3	22.2	15.4
Black	7,595,219	791,677	1,390,160	2,087,274	3,326,108	100.0	10.4	18.3	27.5	43.8
Hispanic	13,990,184	1,966,333	3,115,944	4,304,900	4,603,007	100.0	14.1	22.3	30.8	32.9
Asian	2,691,231	1,164,829	666,034	405,407	454,961	100.0	43.3	24.7	15.1	16.9
Pacific Islander	185,009	26,653	94,380	41,127	22,849	100.0	14.4	51.0	22.2	12.4
American Indian/Alaska Native	477,556	51,154	102,007	110,260	214,135	100.0	10.7	21.4	23.1	44.8
Two or more races	2,187,456	615,420	628,687	530,414	412,935	100.0	28.1	28.7	24.2	18.9
Race unknown	2,463	591	1,354	286	232	100.0	24.0	55.0	11.6	9.4
Region
Northeast	7,885,805	2,893,913	1,624,785	941,507	2,425,600	100.0	36.7	20.6	11.9	30.8
White	4,093,602	2,082,455	1,001,913	498,938	510,296	100.0	50.9	24.5	12.2	12.5
Black	1,090,778	138,898	173,920	138,448	639,512	100.0	12.7	15.9	12.7	58.6
Hispanic	1,807,520	297,610	316,276	243,096	950,538	100.0	16.5	17.5	13.4	52.6
Asian	584,563	267,501	64,330	24,558	228,174	100.0	45.8	11.0	4.2	39.0
Pacific Islander	13,276	3,470	1,921	906	6,979	100.0	26.1	14.5	6.8	52.6
American Indian/Alaska Native	31,367	5,121	4,755	3,395	18,096	100.0	16.3	15.2	10.8	57.7
Two or more races	264,354	98,696	61,579	32,151	71,928	100.0	37.3	23.3	12.2	27.2
Race unknown	345	162	91	15	77	100.0	47.0	26.4	4.3	22.3
Midwest	10,432,718	3,578,705	2,858,585	2,030,969	1,964,459	100.0	34.3	27.4	19.5	18.8
White	6,659,879	2,740,312	2,029,907	1,196,055	693,605	100.0	41.1	30.5	18.0	10.4
Black	1,422,835	180,479	224,621	316,686	701,049	100.0	12.7	15.8	22.3	49.3
Hispanic	1,382,977	293,746	354,708	341,448	393,075	100.0	21.2	25.6	24.7	28.4
Asian	382,743	192,495	88,492	45,420	56,336	100.0	50.3	23.1	11.9	14.7
Pacific Islander	13,829	3,378	3,730	4,029	2,692	100.0	24.4	27.0	29.1	19.5
American Indian/Alaska Native	77,581	11,394	24,462	16,910	24,815	100.0	14.7	31.5	21.8	32.0
Two or more races	492,465	156,890	132,269	110,421	92,885	100.0	31.9	26.9	22.4	18.9
Race unknown	409	11	396	0	2	100.0	2.7	96.8	0	0.5
South	19,996,753	2,928,728	4,337,012	6,624,809	6,106,204	100.0	14.6	21.7	33.1	30.5
White	8,268,996	1,456,018	2,083,886	2,667,971	2,061,121	100.0	17.6	25.2	32.3	24.9
Black	4,505,655	389,148	836,521	1,414,032	1,865,954	100.0	8.6	18.6	31.4	41.4
Hispanic	5,516,403	618,763	1,004,574	2,073,932	1,819,134	100.0	11.2	18.2	37.6	33.0
Asian	721,166	299,689	179,761	157,286	84,430	100.0	41.6	24.9	21.8	11.7
Pacific Islander	33,444	4,225	6,972	15,181	7,066	100.0	12.6	20.8	45.4	21.1
American Indian/Alaska Native	165,945	14,677	28,010	47,629	75,629	100.0	8.8	16.9	28.7	45.6
Two or more races	785,081	146,208	197,288	248,723	192,862	100.0	18.6	25.1	31.7	24.6
Race unknown	63	0	0	55	8	100.0	0	0	87.3	12.7
West	12,331,837	3,243,037	3,826,676	3,095,706	2,166,418	100.0	26.3	31.0	25.1	17.6
White	4,495,518	1,748,941	1,532,786	850,359	363,432	100.0	38.9	34.1	18.9	8.1
Black	575,951	83,152	155,098	218,108	119,593	100.0	14.4	26.9	37.9	20.8
Hispanic	5,283,284	756,214	1,440,386	1,646,424	1,440,260	100.0	14.3	27.3	31.2	27.3
Asian	1,002,759	405,144	333,451	178,143	86,021	100.0	40.4	33.3	17.8	8.6
Pacific Islander	124,460	15,580	81,757	21,011	6,112	100.0	12.5	65.7	16.9	4.9
American Indian/Alaska Native	202,663	19,962	44,780	42,326	95,595	100.0	9.8	22.1	20.9	47.2
Two or more races	645,556	213,626	237,551	139,119	55,260	100.0	33.1	36.8	21.6	8.6
Race unknown	1,646	418	867	216	145	100.0	25.4	52.7	13.1	8.8
School locale
City	16,451,273	2,013,368	3,174,164	4,512,813	6,750,928	100.0	12.2	19.3	27.4	41.0
White	4,814,092	944,402	1,370,819	1,348,310	1,150,561	100.0	19.6	28.5	28.0	23.9
Black	3,529,171	155,477	367,590	900,194	2,105,910	100.0	4.4	10.4	25.5	59.7
Hispanic	6,088,635	451,706	980,794	1,800,469	2,855,666	100.0	7.4	16.1	29.6	46.9
Asian	1,103,807	322,122	220,736	185,694	375,255	100.0	29.2	20.0	16.8	34.0
Pacific Islander	64,254	6,008	18,862	24,100	15,284	100.0	9.4	29.4	37.5	23.8
American Indian/Alaska Native	113,130	9,308	27,079	35,510	41,233	100.0	8.2	23.9	31.4	36.4
Two or more races	737,201	124,149	187,668	218,423	206,961	100.0	16.8	25.5	29.6	28.1
Race unknown	983	196	616	113	58	100.0	19.9	62.7	11.5	5.9
Suburban	21,100,592	8,433,326	5,981,068	4,660,075	2,026,123	100.0	40.0	28.3	22.1	9.6
White	9,848,530	5,313,456	2,629,563	1,425,849	479,662	100.0	54.0	26.7	14.5	4.9
Black	2,937,408	577,262	869,830	974,261	516,055	100.0	19.7	29.6	33.2	17.6
Hispanic	5,731,909	1,288,444	1,666,446	1,875,790	901,229	100.0	22.5	29.1	32.7	15.7
Asian	1,434,186	794,027	407,092	184,421	48,646	100.0	55.4	28.4	12.9	3.4
Pacific Islander	101,485	17,816	70,244	10,301	3,124	100.0	17.6	69.2	10.2	3.1
American Indian/Alaska Native	86,944	28,123	29,409	20,013	9,399	100.0	32.3	33.8	23.0	10.8
Two or more races	959,438	413,868	308,320	169,346	67,904	100.0	43.1	32.1	17.7	7.1
Race unknown	692	330	164	94	104	100.0	47.7	23.7	13.6	15.0
Town	5,421,980	679,054	1,439,699	1,535,034	1,768,193	100.0	12.5	26.6	28.3	32.6
White	3,396,593	543,657	1,063,100	1,010,402	779,434	100.0	16.0	31.3	29.7	22.9
Black	460,068	15,168	35,504	76,064	333,332	100.0	3.3	7.7	16.5	72.5
Hispanic	1,161,864	78,013	244,090	336,097	503,664	100.0	6.7	21.0	28.9	43.3
Asian	61,741	10,468	17,200	17,416	16,657	100.0	17.0	27.9	28.2	27.0
Pacific Islander	10,531	1,180	2,767	4,368	2,216	100.0	11.2	26.3	41.5	21.0
American Indian/Alaska Native	114,901	5,449	20,321	24,270	64,861	100.0	4.7	17.7	21.1	56.4
Two or more races	216,082	25,092	56,630	66,371	67,989	100.0	11.6	26.2	30.7	31.5
Race unknown	200	27	87	46	40	100.0	13.5	43.5	23.0	20.0
Rural	7,673,268	1,518,635	2,052,127	1,985,069	2,117,437	100.0	19.8	26.7	25.9	27.6
White	5,458,780	1,226,211	1,585,010	1,428,762	1,218,797	100.0	22.5	29.0	26.2	22.3
Black	668,572	43,770	117,236	136,755	370,811	100.0	6.5	17.5	20.5	55.5
Hispanic	1,007,776	148,170	224,614	292,544	342,448	100.0	14.7	22.3	29.0	34.0
Asian	91,497	38,212	21,006	17,876	14,403	100.0	41.8	23.0	19.5	15.7
Pacific Islander	8,739	1,649	2,507	2,358	2,225	100.0	18.9	28.7	27.0	25.5
American Indian/Alaska Native	162,581	8,274	25,198	30,467	98,642	100.0	5.1	15.5	18.7	60.7
Two or more races	274,735	52,311	76,069	76,274	70,081	100.0	19.0	27.7	27.8	25.5
Race unknown	588	38	487	33	30	100.0	6.5	82.8	5.6	5.1

1 A family is in poverty if its income falls below the Census Bureau's poverty threshold, which is a dollar amount that varies depending on a family's size and composition and is updated annually to account for inflation. In 2020, for example, the poverty threshold for a family of four with two children was $26,246. The family poverty rate of 5- to 17-year-olds is the percentage of children in this age group whose families are in poverty. Includes only children classified as "related" and "relevant" (see footnote 2). For additional information about poverty status, see https://www.census.gov/topics/income-poverty/poverty/guidance/poverty-measures.html.
2 Includes only those children who live in households and meet both of the following conditions: (1) The children are related to the householder by birth, marriage, or adoption (except a child who is the spouse of the householder). The householder is the person (or one of the people) who owns or rents (maintains) the housing unit. (2) The children are relevant to the school district. Children are relevant if they reside within the geographical boundaries of the district and are at a grade level served by the district, even if they do not attend a school in the district.
NOTE: Data in this table represent the 50 states and the District of Columbia. School enrollment data were obtained from the Common Core of Data and poverty rate data were obtained from the Census Bureau. To create the school district categories, public school districts were ranked and divided into quarters based on the family poverty rate of their 5- to 17-year-old population; the cut points between the four quarters were chosen so that, at the national level, each quarter contains approximately the same number of students. For the approximately 3 percent of public school students who attended charter or other special districts, no data were available on their school district's family poverty rate. The rate for their district was imputed to be the same as the rate for the county containing the zip code listed for their superintendent's location. This table excludes 3,510 enrolled children whose poverty status could not be determined. Race categories exclude persons of Hispanic ethnicity.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), "Local Education Agency Universe Survey," 2019-20; and Education Demographic and Geographic Estimates (EDGE), "Public School File," 2019-20. U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE) Program, 2019 Poverty Estimates for School Districts and 2019 Poverty Estimates for States and Counties. (This table was prepared April 2022.)