Federal on-budget funds for education, by level/educational purpose, agency, and program: Selected fiscal years, 1970 through 2020

(156KB)

Table 401.30.

Level/educational purpose, agency, and program	In thousands of current dollars												In thousands of constant fiscal year 2020 dollars
Level/educational purpose, agency, and program	1970¹	1980¹	1990	2000	2010	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	1970¹	1980¹	1990	2000	2010	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25
Total	$12,511,079	$34,465,612	$56,033,753	$94,257,817	$179,560,187	$199,611,510	$207,426,048	$200,023,892	$241,137,480	$217,316,354	$245,601,538	$342,466,141	$78,697,140	$104,279,141	$106,997,785	$140,641,431	$210,427,072	$217,553,682	$224,956,985	$215,493,020	$255,496,048	$225,094,836	$249,897,061	$342,466,141
Elementary/secondary education	5,830,442	16,027,686	21,984,361	43,790,783	75,155,797	77,055,620	78,909,699	82,029,675	82,803,943	86,166,625	87,090,705	89,917,596	36,674,623	48,493,360	41,979,660	65,339,921	88,075,283	83,981,800	85,578,876	88,373,555	87,734,516	89,250,817	88,613,904	89,917,596
Department of Education²	2,719,204	6,629,095	9,681,313	20,039,563	39,646,475	37,488,221	37,394,190	38,648,865	38,607,172	40,301,588	40,775,232	42,015,737	17,104,326	20,056,987	18,486,698	29,900,892	46,461,812	40,857,867	40,554,618	41,637,829	40,906,042	41,744,117	41,488,383	42,015,737
Education for the disadvantaged	1,339,014	3,204,664	4,494,111	8,529,111	15,864,666	15,552,693	15,536,107	15,963,018	16,143,790	16,443,790	16,543,790	16,996,790	8,422,661	9,696,030	8,581,612	12,726,227	18,591,845	16,950,654	16,849,165	17,197,540	17,105,074	17,032,368	16,833,138	16,996,790
Impact aid program³	656,372	690,170	816,366	877,101	1,276,183	1,288,603	1,288,603	1,305,603	1,328,603	1,414,112	1,446,112	1,486,112	4,128,709	2,088,178	1,558,870	1,308,716	1,495,562	1,404,430	1,397,511	1,406,574	1,407,715	1,464,728	1,471,404	1,486,112
School improvement programs⁴	288,304	788,918	1,189,158	2,549,971	6,999,862	5,599,600	5,478,097	5,851,330	5,447,396	6,326,477	6,473,277	6,718,782	1,813,489	2,386,950	2,270,726	3,804,794	8,203,157	6,102,923	5,941,087	6,303,851	5,771,762	6,552,923	6,586,493	6,718,782
Indian education	†	93,365	69,451	65,285	127,282	123,939	123,939	143,939	164,939	180,239	180,239	180,739	†	282,485	132,618	97,411	149,162	135,079	134,414	155,071	174,760	186,690	183,391	180,739
English Language Acquisition	21,250	169,540	188,919	362,662	750,000	723,400	737,400	737,400	737,400	737,400	737,400	787,400	133,667	512,960	360,745	541,125	878,927	788,423	799,723	794,428	781,309	763,794	750,297	787,400
Special education	79,090	821,777	1,616,623	4,948,977	12,587,035	12,497,300	12,522,358	12,930,812	13,064,358	13,366,184	13,468,728	13,885,228	497,492	2,486,368	3,086,980	7,384,334	14,750,781	13,620,626	13,580,705	13,930,834	13,842,277	13,844,605	13,704,293	13,885,228
Vocational and adult education⁵	335,174	860,661	1,306,685	1,462,977	2,016,447	1,702,686	1,707,686	1,716,763	1,720,686	1,830,686	1,925,686	1,960,686	2,108,310	2,604,016	2,495,146	2,182,898	2,363,080	1,855,733	1,852,014	1,849,531	1,823,145	1,896,212	1,959,366	1,960,686
Education Reform--Goals 2000⁶	†	†	†	1,243,479	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	1,855,386	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Hurricane Education Recovery⁷	†	†	†	†	25,000	†	†	†	†	2,700	†	†	†	†	†	†	29,298	†	†	†	†	2,797	†	†
Department of Agriculture	760,477	4,064,497	5,528,950	10,051,278	18,336,140	20,416,777	22,502,477	23,342,484	23,947,393	25,284,000	24,750,000	25,543,000	4,783,549	12,297,540	10,557,662	14,997,442	21,488,172	22,251,948	24,404,309	25,147,708	25,373,344	26,188,999	25,182,873	25,543,000
Child nutrition programs⁸	299,131	3,377,056	4,977,075	9,554,028	16,891,000	19,279,000	21,297,000	22,158,000	22,782,000	24,244,000	23,139,000	23,615,000	1,881,593	10,217,619	9,503,843	14,255,499	19,794,609	21,011,902	23,096,949	23,871,620	24,138,558	25,111,774	23,543,697	23,615,000
Special Milk Program⁸	83,800	159,293	18,707	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	527,118	481,957	35,721	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
McGovern-Dole International Food for Education and Child Nutrition Program⁹	†	†	†	†	210,000	185,000	192,000	202,000	201,000	200,000	208,000	220,000	†	†	†	†	246,100	201,629	208,227	217,622	212,969	207,159	211,638	220,000
Agricultural Marketing Service--commodities¹⁰	341,597	388,000	350,441	400,000	1,053,000	770,000	818,000	805,000	842,000	840,000	1,403,000	1,708,000	2,148,712	1,173,933	669,175	596,837	1,234,014	839,212	887,135	867,256	892,137	870,066	1,427,538	1,708,000
Estimated education share of Forest Service permanent appropriations	35,949	140,148	182,727	97,250	182,140	182,777	195,477	177,484	122,393	---	---	---	226,126	424,032	348,922	145,106	213,450	199,206	211,998	191,210	129,681	---	---	---
Department of Commerce	†	54,816	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	165,851	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Local public works program--school facilities¹¹	†	54,816	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	165,851	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Defense	143,100	370,846	1,097,876	1,485,611	1,981,321	2,193,877	2,035,763	2,073,071	2,110,994	2,154,827	2,188,738	2,213,758	900,127	1,122,031	2,096,420	2,216,670	2,321,915	2,391,075	2,207,819	2,233,395	2,236,693	2,231,955	2,227,019	2,213,758
Junior Reserve Officers Training Corps (JROTC)	12,100	32,000	39,300	210,432	359,689	450,229	381,306	365,030	368,367	380,227	385,988	392,660	76,111	96,819	75,044	313,984	421,521	490,698	413,533	393,260	390,301	393,837	392,739	392,660
Overseas dependents schools	131,000	338,846	864,958	904,829	1,186,560	1,187,691	1,118,208	1,135,770	1,155,642	1,172,696	1,250,733	1,235,017	824,016	1,025,212	1,651,658	1,350,089	1,390,533	1,294,447	1,212,715	1,223,606	1,224,455	1,214,671	1,272,608	1,235,017
Domestic schools¹²	†	†	193,618	370,350	435,072	555,957	536,249	572,271	586,985	601,904	552,017	586,081	†	†	369,718	552,597	509,862	605,929	581,571	616,528	621,937	623,448	561,672	586,081
Department of Energy	200	77,633	15,563	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	1,258	234,886	29,718	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Energy conservation for school buildings¹³	†	77,240	15,213	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	233,697	29,050	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Pre-engineering program	200	393	350	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	1,258	1,189	668	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Health and Human Services	†	735,000	1,906,979	5,282,000	7,234,000	8,598,000	8,598,095	9,168,095	9,150,666	9,190,257	10,063,095	10,613,095	†	2,223,816	3,641,422	7,881,235	8,477,544	9,370,835	9,324,776	9,877,122	9,695,544	9,519,207	10,239,097	10,613,095
Head Start¹⁴	†	735,000	1,447,758	5,267,000	7,234,000	8,598,000	8,598,095	9,168,095	9,150,666	9,190,257	10,063,095	10,613,095	†	2,223,816	2,764,528	7,858,854	8,477,544	9,370,835	9,324,776	9,877,122	9,695,544	9,519,207	10,239,097	10,613,095
Payments to states for Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) work programs¹⁵	†	†	459,221	15,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	876,893	22,381	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Homeland Security	†	†	†	†	505	273	301	339	390	---	---	---	†	†	†	†	592	298	326	365	413	---	---	---
Tuition assistance for educational accreditation-- Coast Guard personnel¹⁶	†	†	†	†	505	273	301	339	390	---	---	---	†	†	†	†	592	298	326	365	413	---	---	---
Department of the Interior	140,705	318,170	445,267	725,423	781,075	782,405	805,293	880,066	879,896	912,189	1,099,950	1,075,588	885,062	962,655	850,249	1,082,399	915,344	852,732	873,354	948,127	932,290	944,839	1,119,188	1,075,588
Mineral Leasing Act and other funds¹⁷
Payments to states--estimated education share	12,294	62,636	123,811	24,610	23,000	28,100	23,500	17,000	17,500	21,700	44,300	23,200	77,332	189,511	236,420	36,720	26,954	30,626	25,486	18,315	18,542	22,477	45,075	23,200
Payments to counties--estimated education share	16,359	48,953	102,522	53,500	50,000	61,300	51,200	37,100	38,000	47,300	96,600	50,600	102,901	148,112	195,768	79,827	58,595	66,810	55,527	39,969	40,263	48,993	98,290	50,600
Indian Education
Bureau of Indian Education schools	95,850	178,112	192,841	466,905	580,492	622,382	641,353	672,943	671,664	696,158	705,902	733,196	602,915	538,896	368,234	696,666	680,280	678,325	695,558	724,986	711,658	721,076	718,248	733,196
Johnson-O'Malley assistance¹⁸	16,080	28,081	25,556	17,387	13,589	14,338	14,739	14,778	14,750	14,678	14,903	20,335	101,146	84,962	48,799	25,943	15,925	15,627	15,985	15,921	15,628	15,203	15,164	20,335
Education construction	†	†	†	161,021	112,994	55,285	74,501	138,245	137,982	132,353	238,245	248,257	†	†	†	240,258	132,418	60,254	80,798	148,936	146,198	137,090	242,412	248,257
Education expenses for children of employees, Yellowstone National Park	122	388	538	2,000	1,000	1,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	767	1,174	1,027	2,984	1,172	1,090	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Justice	8,237	23,890	65,997	224,800	137,529	143,939	141,167	141,194	137,171	136,674	136,674	157,281	51,812	72,282	126,023	335,423	161,171	156,877	153,098	152,113	145,339	141,566	139,064	157,281
Advanced occupational education¹⁹	†	†	†	†	137,529	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	161,171	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Vocational training expenses for prisoners in federal prisons¹⁹	2,720	4,966	2,066	1,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	17,109	15,025	3,945	1,492	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Inmate programs^19,20	5,517	18,924	63,931	223,800	---	143,939	141,167	141,194	137,171	136,674	136,674	157,281	34,703	57,256	122,078	333,930	---	156,877	153,098	152,113	145,339	141,566	139,064	157,281
Department of Labor	420,927	1,849,800	2,505,487	4,683,200	4,845,735	4,837,010	4,827,861	5,024,580	5,018,397	5,020,641	5,270,855	5,354,855	2,647,713	5,596,754	4,784,287	6,987,770	5,678,730	5,271,787	5,235,895	5,413,163	5,317,218	5,200,347	5,363,041	5,354,855
Job Corps²¹	†	469,800	739,376	1,256,000	1,017,205	1,688,155	1,688,155	1,689,155	1,685,944	1,692,581	1,718,655	1,743,655	†	1,421,427	1,411,856	1,874,069	1,192,065	1,839,896	1,830,832	1,819,788	1,786,334	1,753,164	1,748,714	1,743,655
Training programs--estimated funds for education programs^22,23	420,927	1,380,000	1,766,111	3,427,200	3,828,530	3,148,855	3,139,706	3,335,425	3,332,453	3,328,060	3,552,200	3,611,200	2,647,713	4,175,327	3,372,431	5,113,701	4,486,665	3,431,891	3,405,063	3,593,375	3,530,884	3,447,182	3,614,327	3,611,200
Department of Transportation	45	60	46	188	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	283	182	88	281	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Tuition assistance for educational accreditation-- Coast Guard personnel¹⁶	45	60	46	188	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	283	182	88	281	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of the Treasury	†	935,903	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	2,831,668	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Estimated education share of general revenue sharing²⁴
State²⁵	†	525,019	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	1,588,497	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Local	†	410,884	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	1,243,170	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Veterans Affairs	338,910	545,786	155,351	445,052	760,476	1,079,832	1,161,750	1,332,166	1,522,533	1,752,151	1,409,287	1,581,236	2,131,810	1,651,330	296,646	664,059	891,204	1,176,893	1,259,937	1,435,191	1,613,192	1,814,866	1,433,935	1,581,236
Noncollegiate and job training programs²⁶	281,640	439,993	12,848	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	1,771,571	1,331,243	24,534	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Vocational rehabilitation for disabled veterans²⁷	41,700	87,980	136,780	438,635	760,476	1,060,811	1,143,656	1,314,682	1,504,944	1,734,475	1,387,614	1,559,108	262,301	266,192	261,185	654,484	891,204	1,156,162	1,240,314	1,416,355	1,594,556	1,796,558	1,411,883	1,559,108
Veteran dependents' education²⁸	15,570	17,813	5,723	6,417	---	19,021	18,094	17,484	17,589	17,676	21,673	22,128	97,938	53,895	10,928	9,575	---	20,731	19,623	18,836	18,636	18,309	22,052	22,128
Service Members Occupational Conversion Training Act of 1992²⁹	†	†	†	---	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	---	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Other agencies
Appalachian Regional Commission³⁰	33,161	9,157	93	2,588	986	3,163	1,574	2,332	4,480	1,680	2,386	2,364	208,589	27,705	178	3,861	1,155	3,447	1,708	2,512	4,746	1,740	2,428	2,364
National Endowment for the Arts³¹	†	4,989	4,641	6,002	11,530	10,924	9,777	10,496	10,186	9,673	10,283	14,223	†	15,095	8,862	8,955	13,512	11,906	10,603	11,308	10,793	10,019	10,463	14,223
Arts in education	†	4,989	4,641	6,002	11,530	10,924	9,777	10,496	10,186	9,673	10,283	14,223	†	15,095	8,862	8,955	13,512	11,906	10,603	11,308	10,793	10,019	10,463	14,223
National Endowment for the Humanities	20	330	404	812	125	181	243	212	4,885	2,707	3,101	3,911	126	998	771	1,212	146	197	264	228	5,176	2,804	3,155	3,911
Office of Economic Opportunity³²	1,072,375	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	6,745,449	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Head Start¹⁴	325,700	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	2,048,717	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Other elementary and secondary programs³³	42,809	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	269,277	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Job Corps²¹	144,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	905,788	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Youth Corps and other training programs²¹	553,368	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	3,480,793	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Volunteers in Service to America (VISTA)³⁴	6,498	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	40,874	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Social Security Administration³⁵	167,333	342,000	489,814	729,036	1,281,700	1,328,700	1,327,200	1,319,900	1,294,600	1,288,700	1,263,600	1,207,400	1,052,557	1,034,755	935,311	1,087,790	1,502,028	1,448,131	1,439,370	1,421,976	1,371,687	1,334,827	1,285,700	1,207,400
Social Security student benefits³⁶	167,333	342,000	489,814	729,036	1,281,700	1,328,700	1,327,200	1,319,900	1,294,600	1,288,700	1,263,600	1,207,400	1,052,557	1,034,755	935,311	1,087,790	1,502,028	1,448,131	1,439,370	1,421,976	1,371,687	1,334,827	1,285,700	1,207,400
Other programs
Estimated education share of federal aid to the District of Columbia	25,748	65,714	86,579	115,230	138,200	172,318	104,008	85,875	115,180	111,538	117,504	135,148	161,960	198,824	165,325	171,934	161,957	187,807	112,798	92,516	122,038	115,530	119,559	135,148
Postsecondary education	$3,432,277	$11,087,992	$18,060,326	$22,997,852	$58,198,856	$80,916,948	$86,660,617	$74,837,278	$114,022,573	$83,544,180	$107,465,117	$199,708,789	$21,589,695	$33,547,824	$34,486,623	$34,314,935	$68,203,397	$88,190,205	$93,984,875	$80,624,924	$120,812,065	$86,534,507	$109,344,661	$199,708,789
Department of Education²	1,187,962	5,682,242	11,175,978	10,727,315	35,518,187	51,896,533	56,994,579	44,128,936	82,309,464	51,025,715	74,809,625	165,579,168	7,472,514	17,192,189	21,340,796	16,006,152	41,623,860	56,561,277	61,811,565	47,541,709	87,210,594	52,852,097	76,118,031	165,579,168
Student financial assistance	†	3,682,789	5,920,328	9,060,317	24,596,640	30,589,493	29,351,512	30,130,183	31,199,052	31,754,748	31,572,669	31,663,815	†	11,142,645	11,305,007	13,518,836	28,824,869	33,339,044	31,832,201	32,460,343	33,056,804	32,891,357	32,124,869	31,663,815
Direct Loan Program^37,38	†	†	†	-2,862,240	3,481,859	16,254,117	23,660,742	9,878,116	37,028,295	13,619,843	36,528,795	114,143,528	†	†	†	-4,270,728	4,080,400	17,715,126	25,660,467	10,642,054	39,233,151	14,107,343	37,167,677	114,143,528
Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) Program^38,39	2,323	1,407,977	4,372,446	2,707,473	4,274,364	2,269,320	1,362,692	1,446,784	11,155,845	2,545,960	3,661,416	16,599,386	14,612	4,259,975	8,349,290	4,039,802	5,009,139	2,473,299	1,477,862	1,558,673	11,820,122	2,637,088	3,725,453	16,599,386
Higher education	1,029,131	399,787	659,492	1,530,779	2,740,665	2,322,592	2,161,224	2,219,845	2,292,844	2,484,721	2,551,546	2,715,747	6,473,436	1,209,595	1,259,316	2,284,065	3,211,793	2,531,359	2,343,883	2,391,520	2,429,372	2,573,658	2,596,172	2,715,747
Facilities--loans and insurance	114,199	-19,031	19,219	-2,174	-8,360	-109	-156	-68	-102	-156	-166	-3,203	718,334	-57,580	36,699	-3,244	-9,797	-119	-169	-73	-108	-162	-169	-3,203
College housing loans⁴⁰	†	14,082	-57,167	-41,886	-16,725	-1,176	-1,176	-1,176	-1,176	-1,176	-1,176	-1,760	†	42,606	-109,162	-62,498	-19,600	-1,282	-1,275	-1,267	-1,246	-1,218	-1,197	-1,760
Educational activities overseas	774	3,561	82	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	4,869	10,774	157	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Historically Black Colleges and Universities Capital Financing, Program Account	†	†	†	150	23,330	55,184	50,629	42,140	221,594	188,257	48,162	4,776	†	†	†	224	27,340	60,144	54,908	45,399	234,789	194,995	49,004	4,776
Gallaudet College and Howard University	38,559	176,829	230,327	291,060	357,977	340,821	342,096	343,096	343,096	360,518	370,879	377,379	242,544	535,014	439,815	434,289	419,514	371,456	371,009	369,630	363,526	373,422	377,366	377,379
National Technical Institute for the Deaf	2,976	16,248	31,251	43,836	68,437	66,291	67,016	70,016	70,016	73,000	77,500	79,500	18,720	49,160	59,675	65,407	80,202	72,250	72,680	75,431	74,185	75,613	78,855	79,500
Department of Agriculture	†	10,453	31,273	30,676	80,697	82,986	82,986	84,686	84,525	84,111	84,686	100,509	†	31,627	59,717	45,771	94,569	90,445	90,000	91,235	89,558	87,122	86,167	100,509
Agriculture Extension Service, Second Morrill Act payments to agricultural and mechanical colleges and Tuskegee Institute	†	10,453	31,273	30,676	80,697	82,986	82,986	84,686	84,525	84,111	84,686	100,509	†	31,627	59,717	45,771	94,569	90,445	90,000	91,235	89,558	87,122	86,167	100,509
Department of Commerce	8,277	29,971	3,312	3,800	---	---	---	---	---	72,012	80,000	87,000	52,064	90,680	6,324	5,670	---	---	---	---	---	74,590	81,399	87,000
Sea Grant Program⁴¹	†	3,123	3,312	3,800	---	---	---	---	---	72,012	80,000	87,000	†	9,449	6,324	5,670	---	---	---	---	---	74,590	81,399	87,000
Merchant Marine Academy⁴²	6,160	14,809	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	38,748	44,806	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
State marine schools⁴²	2,117	12,039	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	13,316	36,425	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Defense	322,100	545,000	635,769	1,147,759	2,550,667	2,314,444	2,204,083	2,329,356	2,334,096	2,447,747	2,482,425	2,569,688	2,026,072	1,648,952	1,214,016	1,712,563	2,989,134	2,522,479	2,390,365	2,509,500	2,473,080	2,535,360	2,525,842	2,569,688
Tuition assistance for military personnel	57,500	---	95,300	263,303	669,892	580,848	520,817	571,613	540,099	572,628	561,889	555,708	361,686	---	181,978	392,873	785,048	633,058	564,835	615,819	572,259	593,124	571,716	555,708
Service academies	78,700	106,100	120,613	212,678	402,640	225,163	227,413	230,807	234,908	242,174	249,839	256,260	495,038	321,016	230,313	317,335	471,855	245,402	246,633	248,657	248,896	250,842	254,209	256,260
Senior Reserve Officers Training Corps (SROTC)	108,100	---	193,056	363,461	885,500	856,900	840,384	870,817	850,925	896,721	956,080	991,307	679,970	---	368,645	542,318	1,037,720	933,923	911,410	938,163	901,593	928,818	972,802	991,307
Professional development education⁴³	77,800	---	226,800	308,317	592,635	651,533	615,469	656,119	708,164	736,224	714,617	766,413	489,377	---	433,080	460,038	694,511	710,096	667,486	706,861	750,332	762,576	727,116	766,413
Department of Energy	3,000	57,701	25,502	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	18,871	174,580	48,697	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
University laboratory cooperative program	3,000	2,800	9,402	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	18,871	8,472	17,953	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Teacher development projects	†	1,400	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	4,236	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Energy conservation for buildings--higher education¹³	†	53,501	7,459	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	161,873	14,243	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Minority honors vocational training	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Honors research program	†	†	6,472	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	12,358	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Students and teachers	†	†	2,169	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	4,142	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Health and Human Services	479,483	853,058	5,018,542	8,974,190	10,372,556	12,839,981	13,164,045	13,766,395	14,492,350	15,413,540	15,746,551	16,277,743	3,016,042	2,581,012	9,583,025	13,390,326	12,155,627	13,994,109	14,276,625	14,831,038	15,355,299	15,965,242	16,021,955	16,277,743
Health professions training programs⁴⁴	353,029	460,736	230,600	340,361	406,000	469,236	486,600	541,895	538,695	641,695	641,695	734,506	2,220,622	1,394,003	440,336	507,850	475,793	511,413	527,726	583,803	570,772	664,663	652,918	734,506
Indian health professions	†	7,187	9,508	16,000	46,000	32,000	48,000	48,000	48,000	49,000	49,000	65,314	†	21,745	18,156	23,873	53,908	34,876	52,057	51,712	50,858	50,754	49,857	65,314
Medicare medical education benefits	---	---	4,440,000	8,020,000	9,080,000	11,530,000	11,800,000	12,300,000	13,000,000	13,800,000	14,100,000	14,500,000	---	---	8,478,286	11,966,586	10,640,877	12,566,379	12,797,295	13,251,238	13,774,087	14,293,948	14,346,606	14,500,000
National Health Service Corps scholarships	†	70,667	4,759	33,300	41,000	43,300	44,000	44,000	33,722	38,000	38,000	38,000	†	213,810	9,087	49,687	48,048	47,192	47,719	47,403	35,730	39,360	38,665	38,000
National Institutes of Health training grants⁴⁵	†	176,388	241,356	550,220	775,186	738,000	758,000	804,000	843,000	855,845	888,955	909,923	†	533,679	460,875	820,979	908,443	804,335	822,064	866,178	893,197	886,479	904,503	909,923
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health training grants	8,088	12,899	10,461	14,198	24,370	27,445	27,445	28,500	28,933	29,000	28,901	30,000	50,875	39,027	19,976	21,185	28,559	29,912	29,765	30,704	30,656	30,038	29,406	30,000
Alcohol, drug abuse, and mental health training programs⁴⁶	118,366	122,103	81,353	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	744,545	369,435	155,345	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Health teaching facilities⁴⁷	†	3,078	505	110	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	9,313	964	164	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Homeland Security	†	†	†	†	45,824	35,632	34,205	39,447	15,770	14,001	13,820	13,735	†	†	†	†	53,701	38,835	37,096	42,498	16,709	14,502	14,062	13,735
Coast Guard Academy¹⁶	†	†	†	†	26,326	25,438	23,260	24,336	---	---	---	---	†	†	†	†	30,852	27,725	25,226	26,218	---	---	---	---
Postgraduate training for Coast Guard officers¹⁶	†	†	†	†	4,645	5,430	4,811	5,555	6,511	7,081	6,920	6,272	†	†	†	†	5,443	5,918	5,218	5,985	6,899	7,334	7,041	6,272
Tuition assistance to Coast Guard military personnel¹⁶	†	†	†	†	14,853	4,764	6,134	9,556	9,259	6,920	6,900	7,463	†	†	†	†	17,406	5,192	6,652	10,295	9,810	7,168	7,021	7,463
Department of Housing and Urban Development	114,199	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	718,334	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
College housing loans⁴⁰	114,199	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	718,334	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of the Interior	16,329	52,312	104,891	156,316	143,041	84,987	83,482	78,602	78,780	80,930	100,571	59,995	102,713	158,275	200,291	233,238	167,630	92,626	90,538	84,681	83,471	83,827	102,330	59,995
Shared revenues, Mineral Leasing Act and other receipts--estimated education share¹⁷	6,949	35,403	69,980	98,740	16,250	23,100	19,300	14,000	14,300	17,800	36,400	19,000	43,711	107,115	133,628	147,329	19,043	25,176	20,931	15,083	15,151	18,437	37,037	19,000
Indian programs
Continuing education	9,380	16,909	34,911	57,576	126,791	61,887	64,182	64,602	64,480	63,130	64,171	40,995	59,002	51,160	66,663	85,909	148,587	67,450	69,606	69,598	68,319	65,390	65,293	40,995
Higher education scholarships	---	---	---	---	34,585	31,350	31,190	31,290	31,231	34,547	34,996	34,333	---	---	---	---	40,530	34,168	33,826	33,710	33,091	35,784	35,608	34,333
Department of State	30,850	†	2,167	319,000	657,660	567,811	594,915	599,211	589,777	646,140	700,950	730,700	194,053	†	4,138	475,978	770,714	618,849	645,195	645,552	624,895	669,268	713,209	730,700
Educational exchange⁴⁸	30,850	†	†	319,000	657,660	567,811	594,915	599,211	589,777	646,140	700,950	730,700	194,053	†	†	475,978	770,714	618,849	645,195	645,552	624,895	669,268	713,209	730,700
Mutual educational and cultural exchange activities	30,454	†	†	303,000	635,000	567,811	594,915	599,211	589,777	646,140	700,950	730,700	191,562	†	†	452,104	744,158	618,849	645,195	645,552	624,895	669,268	713,209	730,700
International educational exchange activities⁴⁹	396	†	†	16,000	22,660	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	2,491	†	†	23,873	26,555	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Russian, Eurasian, and East European Research and Training	†	†	2,167	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	4,138	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Transportation	11,197	12,530	46,025	60,300	89,997	96,800	97,650	116,100	118,418	111,654	433,793	427,721	70,431	37,911	87,886	89,973	105,468	105,501	105,903	125,079	125,469	115,650	441,380	427,721
Merchant Marine Academy⁴²	†	†	20,926	34,000	74,057	79,500	79,150	82,500	83,218	82,652	88,593	85,441	†	†	39,959	50,731	86,788	86,646	85,839	88,880	88,173	85,610	90,142	85,441
State marine schools^42,50	†	†	8,269	7,000	15,940	17,300	18,500	33,600	35,200	29,002	345,200	342,280	†	†	15,790	10,445	18,680	18,855	20,064	36,199	37,296	30,040	351,237	342,280
Coast Guard Academy¹⁶	9,342	10,000	12,074	15,500	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	58,763	30,256	23,056	23,127	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Postgraduate training for Coast Guard officers¹⁶	1,655	2,230	4,173	2,500	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	10,410	6,747	7,969	3,730	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Tuition assistance to Coast Guard military personnel¹⁶	200	300	582	1,300	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	1,258	908	1,112	1,940	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of the Treasury	†	296,750	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	897,847	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
General revenue sharing--estimated state share to higher education^24,25	†	296,750	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	897,847	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Veterans Affairs	693,490	1,803,847	599,825	1,132,322	8,034,534	12,005,341	12,355,406	12,628,170	12,900,853	12,725,812	11,937,119	12,763,378	4,362,188	5,457,719	1,145,380	1,689,530	9,415,692	13,084,447	13,399,642	13,604,787	13,669,036	13,181,312	12,145,897	12,763,378
Vietnam-era veterans	638,260	1,579,974	46,998	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	4,014,781	4,780,369	89,744	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
College student support	†	1,560,081	39,458	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	4,720,180	75,346	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Work-study	†	19,893	7,540	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	60,188	14,398	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Service persons college support	18,900	46,617	8,911	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	118,885	141,044	17,016	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Post-Vietnam veterans	†	922	161,475	3,958	1,496	425	275	223	212	154	106	143	†	2,790	308,340	5,906	1,753	463	298	240	225	160	108	143
All-volunteer-force educational assistance	†	†	269,947	984,068	1,854,917	680,312	586,558	501,856	455,020	391,870	323,529	300,637	†	†	515,470	1,468,321	2,173,782	741,462	636,132	540,668	482,114	405,896	329,187	300,637
Veterans	†	†	183,765	876,434	1,659,694	530,508	445,190	365,091	323,593	263,895	216,380	197,490	†	†	350,904	1,307,721	1,945,000	578,193	482,816	393,326	342,861	273,341	220,164	197,490
Reservists	†	†	86,182	107,634	195,223	149,804	141,368	136,765	131,427	127,975	107,149	103,147	†	†	164,567	160,600	228,782	163,269	153,316	147,342	139,253	132,556	109,023	103,147
Post-9/11 GI Bill⁵¹	†	†	†	†	5,542,843	10,754,649	11,234,014	11,583,408	11,886,003	11,738,722	10,748,939	11,430,582	†	†	†	†	6,495,673	11,721,336	12,183,474	12,479,227	12,593,757	12,158,890	10,936,936	11,430,582
Veteran dependents' education²⁸	36,330	176,334	100,494	131,296	507,294	494,613	475,131	502,998	519,796	566,579	839,479	1,007,852	228,523	533,516	191,896	195,906	594,499	539,072	515,287	541,898	550,747	586,859	854,161	1,007,852
Payments to state education agencies	†	†	12,000	13,000	18,958	18,985	18,911	18,988	19,000	21,000	23,604	24,164	†	†	22,914	19,397	22,217	20,691	20,509	20,456	20,131	21,752	24,017	24,164
Reserve Education Assistance Program⁵²	†	†	†	†	109,026	56,357	40,517	20,697	20,822	7,487	1,462	---	†	†	†	†	127,768	61,423	43,941	22,298	22,062	7,755	1,488	---
Other agencies
Appalachian Regional Commission³⁰	4,105	1,751	---	2,286	2,464	7,471	17,062	25,027	21,525	12,762	10,353	13,243	25,821	5,298	---	3,411	2,888	8,143	18,504	26,962	22,807	13,219	10,534	13,243
National Endowment for the Humanities	3,349	56,451	50,938	28,395	47,949	39,824	42,900	45,979	25,279	20,768	25,035	32,960	21,066	170,798	97,267	42,368	56,191	43,404	46,526	49,535	26,784	21,511	25,473	32,960
National Science Foundation	42,000	64,583	161,884	389,000	618,830	892,600	932,980	935,200	994,800	838,920	985,120	996,400	264,188	195,402	309,121	580,424	725,209	972,832	1,011,832	1,007,525	1,054,036	868,948	1,002,350	996,400
Science and engineering education programs	37,000	64,583	161,884	389,000	618,830	892,600	932,980	935,200	994,800	838,920	985,120	996,400	232,737	195,402	309,121	580,424	725,209	972,832	1,011,832	1,007,525	1,054,036	868,948	1,002,350	996,400
Sea Grant Program⁴¹	5,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	31,451	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Social Security Administration	502,000	1,559,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	3,157,678	4,716,910	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Social Security postsecondary students' benefits^35,53	502,000	1,559,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	3,157,678	4,716,910	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
United States Information Agency⁵⁴	8,423	51,095	181,172	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	52,982	154,593	345,952	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Educational and cultural affairs⁴⁸	†	49,546	35,862	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	149,906	68,479	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Educational and cultural exchange programs⁵⁵	†	†	145,307	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	277,467	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Educational exchange activities, international	†	1,549	3	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	4,687	6	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Information center and library activities	8,423	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	52,982	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Other programs
Barry Goldwater Scholarship and Excellence in Education Foundation	†	†	1,033	3,000	4,000	3,000	2,000	3,000	3,000	3,000	3,000	4,000	†	†	1,973	4,476	4,688	3,270	2,169	3,232	3,179	3,107	3,052	4,000
Estimated education share of federal aid to the District of Columbia⁵⁶	5,513	13,143	14,637	11,493	20,450	37,538	42,324	42,169	38,936	29,068	39,069	38,549	34,678	39,765	27,950	17,149	23,965	40,912	45,901	45,430	41,254	30,108	39,752	38,549
Harry S. Truman Scholarship Foundation	†	-1,895	2,883	3,000	2,000	1,000	1,000	1,000	1,000	1,000	1,000	2,000	†	-5,734	5,505	4,476	2,344	1,090	1,085	1,077	1,060	1,036	1,017	2,000
Institute of American Indian and Alaska Native Culture and Arts Development	†	†	4,305	2,000	8,000	9,000	9,000	12,000	12,000	15,000	10,000	10,000	†	†	8,221	2,984	9,375	9,809	9,761	12,928	12,715	15,537	10,175	10,000
James Madison Memorial Fellowship Foundation	†	†	191	7,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	†	†	365	10,445	2,344	2,180	2,169	2,155	2,119	2,072	2,035	2,000
Other education	$964,719	$1,548,730	$3,383,031	$5,809,048	$9,212,228	$9,435,306	$9,464,840	$9,600,541	$9,643,170	$9,565,623	$9,872,654	$9,824,631	$6,068,272	$4,685,837	$6,459,978	$8,667,640	$10,795,835	$10,283,403	$10,264,776	$10,343,012	$10,217,374	$9,908,009	$10,045,325	$9,824,631
Department of Education²	630,235	747,706	2,251,801	3,223,355	5,062,693	5,440,500	5,459,226	5,475,432	5,503,301	5,673,811	5,764,357	5,959,121	3,964,302	2,262,259	4,299,868	4,809,546	5,932,984	5,929,522	5,920,621	5,898,882	5,830,996	5,876,896	5,865,174	5,959,121
Administration	47,456	187,317	328,293	458,054	1,531,232	1,971,955	1,965,715	2,150,110	2,176,610	2,287,086	2,295,086	2,391,943	298,508	566,746	626,883	683,459	1,794,455	2,149,205	2,131,850	2,316,392	2,306,217	2,368,948	2,335,227	2,391,943
Libraries⁵⁷	108,284	129,127	137,264	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	681,128	390,687	262,109	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Rehabilitative services and disability research⁵⁸	473,091	426,886	1,780,360	2,755,468	3,506,861	3,442,749	3,466,393	3,298,965	3,301,089	3,359,237	3,438,826	3,534,747	2,975,835	1,291,586	3,399,640	4,111,415	4,109,700	3,752,202	3,759,361	3,554,095	3,497,653	3,479,475	3,498,970	3,534,747
American Printing House for the Blind	1,404	4,349	5,736	9,368	24,600	24,456	24,931	25,431	25,431	27,431	30,431	32,431	8,831	13,158	10,953	13,978	28,829	26,654	27,038	27,398	26,945	28,413	30,963	32,431
Trust funds and contributions	0	27	148	465	0	1,340	2,187	926	171	57	14	0	0	82	283	694	0	1,460	2,372	998	181	59	14	0
Department of Agriculture	135,637	271,112	352,511	444,477	565,423	542,026	511,526	533,726	532,843	537,061	567,841	618,057	853,183	820,276	673,128	663,201	662,621	590,746	554,758	575,002	564,571	556,284	577,772	618,057
Extension Service	131,734	263,584	337,907	424,174	543,423	518,026	487,526	509,726	508,843	513,061	541,841	589,057	828,633	797,500	645,241	632,907	636,839	564,589	528,730	549,146	539,142	531,425	551,318	589,057
National Agricultural Library	3,903	7,528	14,604	20,303	22,000	24,000	24,000	24,000	24,000	24,000	26,000	29,000	24,551	22,777	27,887	30,294	25,782	26,157	26,028	25,856	25,429	24,859	26,455	29,000
Department of Commerce	1,226	2,479	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	7,712	7,500	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Maritime Administration⁴²
Training for private sector employees	1,226	2,479	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	7,712	7,500	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Health and Human Services	24,273	37,819	77,962	214,000	339,716	327,723	336,939	394,664	394,664	406,943	444,497	459,411	152,682	114,425	148,870	319,308	398,114	357,181	365,416	425,186	418,164	421,509	452,271	459,411
National Library of Medicine	24,273	37,819	77,962	214,000	339,716	327,723	336,939	394,664	394,664	406,943	444,497	459,411	152,682	114,425	148,870	319,308	398,114	357,181	365,416	425,186	418,164	421,509	452,271	459,411
Department of Homeland Security	†	†	†	†	341,100	258,730	258,338	244,480	243,994	240,871	254,000	351,170	†	†	†	†	399,736	281,986	280,172	263,387	258,523	249,493	258,442	351,170
Federal Law Enforcement Training Center⁵⁹	†	†	†	†	323,000	258,730	258,338	244,480	243,994	240,871	254,000	351,170	†	†	†	†	378,525	281,986	280,172	263,387	258,523	249,493	258,442	351,170
Estimated disaster relief⁶⁰	†	†	†	†	18,100	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	†	†	†	†	21,211	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Department of Justice	5,546	27,642	26,920	48,659	47,864	41,718	37,497	45,086	41,333	7,623	---	---	34,885	83,634	51,404	72,604	56,092	45,468	40,667	48,573	43,794	7,896	---	---
Federal Bureau of Investigation National Academy	2,066	7,234	6,028	22,479	19,443	21,291	8,956	9,318	8,804	---	---	---	12,996	21,887	11,511	33,541	22,785	23,204	9,713	10,039	9,329	---	---	---
Federal Bureau of Investigation Field Police Academy	2,500	7,715	10,548	11,962	14,120	8,804	19,914	22,538	21,291	---	---	---	15,725	23,343	20,142	17,848	16,548	9,596	21,597	24,281	22,558	---	---	---
Narcotics and dangerous drug training	980	2,416	850	286	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	6,164	7,310	1,623	427	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
National Institute of Corrections	†	10,277	9,494	13,932	14,301	11,623	8,628	13,230	11,238	7,623	---	---	†	31,094	18,129	20,788	16,759	12,668	9,357	14,253	11,907	7,896	---	---
Department of State	20,672	25,000	47,539	69,349	143,520	267,930	276,005	265,184	264,549	268,092	262,246	284,076	130,031	75,640	90,777	103,475	168,191	292,013	299,332	285,692	280,302	277,688	266,833	284,076
Foreign Service Institute	15,857	25,000	47,539	69,349	120,520	251,230	259,305	248,484	247,881	251,392	245,546	267,376	99,744	75,640	90,777	103,475	141,238	273,812	281,221	267,701	262,641	260,390	249,841	267,376
Center for Cultural and Technical Interchange⁴⁸	4,815	†	†	---	23,000	16,700	16,700	16,700	16,668	16,700	16,700	16,700	30,287	†	†	---	26,954	18,201	18,111	17,992	17,660	17,298	16,992	16,700
Department of Transportation	3,964	10,212	1,507	700	146	---	---	1,000	---	---	---	---	24,934	30,897	2,878	1,044	171	---	---	1,077	---	---	---	---
Highways training and education grants	2,418	3,412	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	15,210	10,323	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Maritime Administration⁴²
Training for private sector employees	†	†	1,507	700	146	---	---	1,000	---	---	---	---	†	†	2,878	1,044	171	---	---	1,077	---	---	---	---
Urban mass transportation--managerial training grants	1,546	500	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	9,725	1,513	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Federal Aviation Administration
Second-Career Training Program for air traffic controllers⁶¹	---	6,300	---	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	---	19,061	---	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of the Treasury	18	14,584	41,488	83,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	113	44,125	79,222	123,844	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Federal Law Enforcement Training Center⁵⁹	18	14,584	41,488	83,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	113	44,125	79,222	123,844	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Other agencies
ACTION⁶²	†	2,833	8,472	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	8,572	16,177	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Estimated education funds	†	2,833	8,472	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	8,572	16,177	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Agency for International Development (USAID)	88,034	99,707	170,371	299,000	542,700	576,439	598,000	605,411	639,143	404,930	454,430	---	553,751	301,673	325,327	446,136	635,992	628,252	648,541	652,231	677,201	419,424	462,378	---
Education and human resources	61,570	80,518	142,801	299,000	542,700	576,439	589,900	599,211	634,143	376,930	424,430	---	387,287	243,615	272,682	446,136	635,992	628,252	639,756	645,552	671,903	390,422	431,853	---
American schools and hospitals abroad	26,464	19,189	27,570	---	---	---	8,100	6,200	5,000	28,000	30,000	---	166,464	58,058	52,646	---	---	---	8,785	6,679	5,298	29,002	30,525	---
Appalachian Regional Commission³⁰	572	8,124	†	2,369	1,620	2,439	5,045	12,281	9,707	7,462	22,731	14,563	3,598	24,580	†	3,535	1,898	2,658	5,471	13,231	10,285	7,729	23,129	14,563
Corporation for National and Community Service⁶²	†	†	†	696,545	857,021	756,849	758,349	787,929	736,029	736,029	786,629	806,529	†	†	†	1,039,310	1,004,345	824,879	822,442	848,865	779,856	762,374	800,387	806,529
Federal Emergency Management Agency⁶³	290	281	215	14,894	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	1,824	850	411	22,223	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Estimated architect/engineer student development program	40	31	200	---	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	252	94	382	---	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Estimated other training programs⁶⁴	250	250	15	---	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	1,573	756	29	---	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Estimated disaster relief⁶⁰	---	---	---	14,894	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	---	---	---	22,223	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
General Services Administration	14,775	34,800	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	92,938	105,291	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Libraries and other archival activities⁶⁵	14,775	34,800	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	92,938	105,291	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Institute of Museum and Library Services⁵⁷	†	†	†	166,000	282,251	226,860	227,860	230,000	230,000	229,000	242,000	252,000	†	†	†	247,687	330,771	247,251	247,118	247,787	243,695	237,197	246,233	252,000
Japanese-United States Friendship Commission	†	2,294	2,299	3,000	2,000	3,000	3,000	3,000	3,000	3,000	3,000	3,000	†	6,941	4,390	4,476	2,344	3,270	3,254	3,232	3,179	3,107	3,052	3,000
Library of Congress	29,478	151,871	189,827	299,000	510,877	455,760	464,449	469,547	500,915	510,412	524,642	551,892	185,422	459,501	362,479	446,136	598,698	496,726	503,703	505,860	530,742	528,681	533,818	551,892
Salaries and expenses	20,700	102,364	148,985	247,000	441,934	406,752	414,201	419,477	450,667	459,095	472,210	495,880	130,207	309,712	284,490	368,547	517,904	443,313	449,208	451,918	477,502	475,528	480,469	495,880
National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped	6,195	31,436	37,473	46,000	68,943	49,008	50,248	50,070	50,248	51,317	52,432	56,012	38,968	95,113	71,556	68,636	80,794	53,413	54,495	53,942	53,240	53,154	53,349	56,012
Special foreign currency program	2,273	3,492	10	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	14,298	10,565	19	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Furniture and furnishings	310	14,579	3,359	6,000	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	1,950	44,110	6,414	8,953	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
National Aeronautics and Space Administration	350	882	3,300	6,800	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	2,202	2,669	6,301	10,146	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
Aerospace Education Services Project	350	882	3,300	6,800	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	2,202	2,669	6,301	10,146	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
National Archives and Records Administration	†	†	77,397	121,879	339,000	386,630	381,730	389,073	392,956	393,960	403,212	377,823	†	†	147,791	181,855	397,275	421,382	413,993	419,163	416,355	408,061	410,264	377,823
Libraries and other archival activities⁶⁵	†	†	77,397	121,879	339,000	386,630	381,730	389,073	392,956	393,960	403,212	377,823	†	†	147,791	181,855	397,275	421,382	413,993	419,163	416,355	408,061	410,264	377,823
National Commission on Libraries and Information Science⁶⁶	†	2,090	3,281	2,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	6,324	6,265	2,984	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
National Endowment for the Arts³¹	340	231	936	4,046	2,883	4,502	3,732	3,868	4,030	3,681	2,548	2,936	2,139	699	1,787	6,037	3,379	4,907	4,047	4,167	4,270	3,813	2,593	2,936
National Endowment for the Humanities	5,090	85,805	89,706	70,807	94,580	77,528	77,073	75,734	74,369	69,917	66,569	63,065	32,017	259,612	171,296	105,651	110,839	84,497	83,587	81,591	78,797	72,420	67,733	63,065
Smithsonian Institution	2,461	5,153	5,779	25,764	28,814	28,796	29,979	27,779	27,538	28,070	28,060	28,840	15,480	15,591	11,035	38,442	33,767	31,384	32,513	29,927	29,178	29,075	28,551	28,840
Museum programs and related research	2,261	3,254	690	18,000	17,707	18,182	19,479	17,279	17,138	20,596	20,586	20,701	14,222	9,845	1,318	26,858	20,751	19,816	21,125	18,615	18,158	21,333	20,946	20,701
National Gallery of Art Extension Service	200	426	474	764	107	114	---	---	---	---	---	---	1,258	1,289	905	1,140	125	124	---	---	---	---	---	---
Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars	†	1,473	4,615	7,000	11,000	10,500	10,500	10,500	10,400	7,474	7,474	8,139	†	4,457	8,812	10,445	12,891	11,444	11,387	11,312	11,019	7,742	7,605	8,139
United States Information Agency⁵⁴
Center for Cultural and Technical Interchange⁴⁸	†	15,115	20,375	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	45,732	38,907	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
United States Institute of Peace	†	†	7,621	13,000	49,000	37,000	35,000	35,300	37,884	37,884	38,634	45,000	†	†	14,552	19,397	57,423	40,326	37,958	38,030	40,140	39,240	39,310	45,000
Other programs
Estimated education share of federal aid for the District of Columbia	1,758	2,990	3,724	404	1,020	876	1,092	1,047	6,915	6,877	7,258	7,148	11,058	9,047	7,111	603	1,195	955	1,184	1,128	7,327	7,123	7,385	7,148
Research programs at universities and related institutions⁶⁷	$2,283,641	$5,801,204	$12,606,035	$21,660,134	$36,993,306	$32,203,636	$32,390,891	$33,556,398	$34,667,794	$38,039,926	41,173,062	43,015,125	$14,364,550	$17,552,120	$24,071,524	$32,318,935	$43,352,556	$35,098,275	$35,128,457	$36,151,529	$36,732,093	$39,401,503	$41,893,171	$43,015,125
Department of Education^2,68	87,823	78,742	89,483	116,464	659,006	576,935	573,935	618,015	605,267	613,462	615,462	623,462	552,424	238,242	170,870	173,775	772,291	628,793	622,442	665,810	641,308	635,420	626,226	623,462
Department of Agriculture	64,796	216,405	348,109	553,600	737,200	697,900	758,200	751,600	824,069	858,400	911,200	1,025,100	407,580	654,755	664,722	826,023	863,927	760,631	822,280	809,726	873,138	889,125	927,137	1,025,100
Department of Commerce	4,487	48,295	50,523	110,775	303,000	275,521	272,897	272,936	310,300	311,600	345,800	369,900	28,224	146,121	96,475	165,287	355,087	300,286	295,961	294,044	328,777	322,753	351,848	369,900
Department of Defense	356,188	644,455	1,871,864	1,891,710	3,154,300	2,788,700	2,766,500	2,791,777	2,785,653	3,317,900	3,743,366	3,768,661	2,240,492	1,949,863	3,574,369	2,822,607	3,696,533	3,039,364	3,000,315	3,007,683	2,951,525	3,436,659	3,808,837	3,768,661
Department of Energy	548,327	1,470,224	2,520,885	3,577,004	3,402,600	3,288,681	3,484,388	3,680,701	3,690,688	4,417,406	4,611,059	5,061,172	3,449,084	4,448,309	4,813,690	5,337,223	3,987,516	3,584,285	3,778,877	3,965,353	3,910,450	4,575,519	4,691,706	5,061,172
Department of Health and Human Services	623,765	2,087,053	4,902,714	10,491,641	21,796,200	17,305,391	16,897,088	17,747,794	18,454,700	19,962,300	21,684,768	23,012,929	3,923,604	6,314,587	9,361,849	15,654,504	25,543,026	18,860,894	18,325,172	19,120,345	19,553,588	20,676,818	22,064,030	23,012,929
Department of Homeland Security	†	†	†	†	152,800	77,173	79,300	48,000	52,100	46,800	29,400	28,400	†	†	†	†	179,067	84,110	86,002	51,712	55,202	48,475	29,914	28,400
Department of Housing and Urban Development	510	5,314	118	1,400	400	100	1,100	500	1,200	3,000	1,600	5,100	3,208	16,078	225	2,089	469	109	1,193	539	1,271	3,107	1,628	5,100
Department of the Interior	18,521	42,175	49,790	47,200	84,200	76,822	59,200	54,100	53,200	51,000	63,600	65,400	116,501	127,605	95,075	70,427	98,674	83,727	64,203	58,284	56,368	52,825	64,712	65,400
Department of Justice	1,945	9,189	6,858	19,400	34,600	55,300	54,600	79,500	63,800	53,500	54,600	55,600	12,234	27,802	13,096	28,947	40,548	60,271	59,215	85,648	67,599	55,415	55,555	55,600
Department of Labor	3,567	12,938	5,893	12,900	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	22,437	39,145	11,253	19,248	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of State	8,220	188	1,519	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	51,705	569	2,901	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Transportation	12,328	31,910	28,608	55,866	70,100	71,200	80,400	65,514	70,500	116,400	157,500	184,100	77,546	96,547	54,628	83,357	82,150	77,600	87,195	70,581	74,698	120,566	160,255	184,100
Department of the Treasury	†	226	227	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	684	433	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Veterans Affairs	518	1,600	2,300	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	3,258	4,841	4,392	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Agency for International Development	†	77,063	79,415	33,500	15,200	17,600	50,000	51,700	49,100	56,100	57,700	58,700	†	233,162	151,645	49,985	17,813	19,182	54,226	55,698	52,024	58,108	58,709	58,700
Environmental Protection Agency	19,446	41,083	87,481	98,900	54,700	86,100	68,600	56,600	51,500	51,400	52,500	51,600	122,319	124,301	167,047	147,568	64,103	93,839	74,398	60,977	54,567	53,240	53,418	51,600
Federal Emergency Management Agency⁶³	†	1,665	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	5,038	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
National Aeronautics and Space Administration	258,016	254,629	1,090,003	2,071,030	1,585,500	2,287,755	2,355,450	2,522,132	2,683,000	2,894,900	3,242,500	3,018,261	1,622,971	770,405	2,081,387	3,090,169	1,858,052	2,493,391	2,554,525	2,717,185	2,842,760	2,998,518	3,299,211	3,018,261
National Science Foundation	253,628	743,809	1,427,007	2,566,244	4,914,700	4,584,258	4,875,532	4,800,429	4,961,318	5,271,059	5,587,507	5,670,440	1,595,370	2,250,468	2,724,904	3,829,075	5,759,550	4,996,316	5,287,595	5,171,676	5,256,740	5,459,728	5,685,232	5,670,440
Nuclear Regulatory Commission	†	32,590	42,328	12,200	14,500	9,400	8,000	8,000	5,900	6,000	4,600	3,000	†	98,604	80,826	18,204	16,993	10,245	8,676	8,619	6,251	6,215	4,680	3,000
Office of Economic Opportunity³²	20,035	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	126,024	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency⁶⁹	100	661	25	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	629	2,000	48	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Other agencies⁷⁰	1,421	990	885	300	14,300	4,800	5,700	7,100	5,500	8,700	9,900	13,300	8,938	2,995	1,690	448	16,758	5,231	6,182	7,649	5,827	9,011	10,073	13,300

---Not available.

†Not applicable.

¹ Excludes federal support for medical education benefits under Medicare in the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Benefits are excluded because data before fiscal year (FY) 1990 are not available. This program has existed since Medicare began but was not available as a separate budget item until FY 1990.

² The U.S. Department of Education was created in May 1980. It formerly was the Office of Education in the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.

³ Includes funds used to support school districts with concentrations of children who reside on Indian lands, military bases, low-rent housing properties, and other federal properties or who have parents who are in the uniformed services or are employed on eligible federal properties.

⁴ Includes many School Improvement Programs, Safe Schools and Citizenship Education, and the Office of Innovation and Improvement.

⁵ Includes funding for the Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Act and the Adult Education and Family Literacy Act.

⁶ Included the School-To-Work Opportunities program, which initiated a national system to be administered jointly by the U.S. Departments of Education and Labor. Programs in the Education Reform program were transferred to the school improvement programs or discontinued in FY 2002.

⁷ Under the Hurricane Education Recovery Act, short-term funds were provided in 2010 to assist schools and students displaced by Hurricanes Katrina and Rita. Similar funds were provided in 2018 to assist schools and school districts in meeting the education needs of students affected by Hurricanes Harvey, Irma, and Maria and the 2017 California wildfires.

⁸ Starting with FY 1994, funds for the Special Milk Program are included in child nutrition programs.

⁹ Authorized under the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (Public Law 107-171), the McGovern-Dole International Food for Education and Child Nutrition Program carries out preschool and school feeding programs in foreign countries.

¹⁰ These commodities are purchased under Section 32 of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1935 (Public Law 74-320) for use in child nutrition programs.

¹¹ Assisted in the construction of public facilities, such as vocational schools, through grants or loans. No funds have been appropriated for this program since FY 1977, and it was completely phased out in FY 1984.

¹² The Department of Defense Domestic Dependent Elementary and Secondary Schools (DDESS) program supports students in military communities in the United States, Guam, and Puerto Rico.

¹³ Established in 1979, with funds first appropriated in FY 1980.

¹⁴ Formerly in the Office of Economic Opportunity. In FY 1972, program funds were transferred to the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (later the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services). Today, the program is housed within the Administration for Children and Families within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

¹⁵ Created by the Family Support Act of 1988 (Public Law 100-485) to provide funds for the Job Opportunities and Basic Skills Training program. In 1997, AFDC was incorporated into the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families program.

¹⁶ Transferred from the U.S. Department of Transportation to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security in March 2003.

¹⁷ Data for 2013 through 2020 are estimated.

¹⁸ Provides funding for supplemental programs for eligible American Indian students in public schools.

¹⁹ Beginning in 2012, funding for advanced occupational education programs and vocational training education is included in inmate programs.

²⁰ Finances the cost of education courses for inmates in federal prisons.

²¹ Formerly in the Office of Economic Opportunity. Transferred to the U.S. Department of Labor in FYs 1971 and 1972.

²² Some of the work and training programs were in the Office of Economic Opportunity and were transferred to the U.S. Department of Labor in FYs 1971 and 1972. From FY 1994 through FY 2001, included the School-to-Work Opportunities program, which was administered jointly by the U.S. Departments of Education and Labor.

²³ Includes funding for some programs that may not be categorized as elementary/secondary education, such as various worker education programs.

²⁴ Established in FY 1972 and closed in FY 1986.

²⁵ States' shares of revenue-sharing funds could not be spent on education in FYs 1981 through 1986.

²⁶ Provided educational assistance allowances in order to restore lost educational opportunities to those individuals whose careers were interrupted or impeded by active military service between January 31, 1955, and January 1, 1977.

²⁷ This program is in the Readjustment Benefits program, Chapter 31, and covers the costs of subsistence, tuition, books, supplies, and equipment for disabled veterans requiring vocational rehabilitation.

²⁸ This program is in the Readjustment Benefits program, Chapter 35, and provides benefits to children and spouses of veterans.

²⁹ Appropriations began for this program in 1995 and ended in 2001.

³⁰ Funding for education for the Appalachian Regional Commission is sorted by the type of grantee (e.g., local education agency, institution of higher education) as opposed to how the funding is actually used.

³¹ "Elementary/secondary" obligations for FYs 2014 through 2020 include those items that impact elementary and secondary (K–12) students and are standards based. "Other education" obligations include all other arts education items not meeting the terms of "elementary/secondary." Data for 2019 and 2020 exclude funding awarded to State Arts Agencies and Regional Arts Organizations on partnership agreements that is sub-granted for education-related projects.

³² The Office of Economic Opportunity was dissolved in 1981.

³³ Most of these programs were transferred to the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, in FY 1972.

³⁴ Transferred to the ACTION Agency in FY 1972.

³⁵ The Social Security Administration was formerly part of the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, which became the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services in 1980. In 1994, the Social Security Administration became an independent agency.

³⁶ Benefits typically terminate at age 18 unless a child is still a full-time elementary or secondary student. In that case, benefits continue until the child graduates or until 2 months after reaching age 19, whichever comes first. Disabled children are also eligible to receive benefits after age 18.

³⁷ Under the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program (commonly referred to as the Direct Loan Program), the federal government uses Treasury funds to provide loan capital directly to schools, which then disburse loan funds to students.

³⁸ The U.S. Department of Education periodically reestimates the subsidy costs of the Direct Loan Program and Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) Program to reflect changes in collection and technical assumptions or other changing circumstances. In 2020, the net upward reestimates were $63.2 billion for the Direct Loan Program and $6.3 billion for the FFEL program.

³⁹ The Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) Program eliminated the authorization to originate new FFEL loans after June 30, 2010; all new loans are originated through the Direct Loan Program. The FFEL Program made loan capital available to students and their families through private lenders. State and private nonprofit guaranty agencies administer the federal guarantee protecting FFEL lenders against losses related to borrower default. These agencies also collect on defaulted loans and provide other services to lenders.

⁴⁰ Transferred from the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development to the U.S. Department of Education when it was established in 1980.

⁴¹ Transferred from the National Science Foundation to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration within the U.S. Department of Commerce in October 1970.

⁴² Transferred from the U.S. Department of Commerce to the U.S. Department of Transportation in FY 1981.

⁴³ Includes special education programs (military and civilian); legal education programs; flight training; advanced degree programs; college degree programs (officers); and Armed Forces Health Professions Scholarship programs.

⁴⁴ Does not include Health Education Assistance Loans (HEAL).

⁴⁵ Alcohol, drug abuse, and mental health training programs are included starting in FY 1992.

⁴⁶ Beginning in FY 1992, data were included in the National Institutes of Health training grants program.

⁴⁷ This program closed in FY 2004.

⁴⁸ Transferred from the U.S. Department of State to the United States Information Agency in 1977, then transferred back to the U.S. Department of State when the United States Information Agency was dissolved in 1999.

⁴⁹ In FY 2014, the Regional Graduate Fellowship program was consolidated with the Fulbright Program.

⁵⁰ In FY 2019 and 2020, includes $300 million for the National Security Multi-Mission Vessel (NSMV) program.

⁵¹ Chapter 33 was enacted in the Post-9/11 Veterans Educational Assistance Act of 2008 (Public Law 110-252).

⁵² Part of the Ronald W. Reagan National Defense Authorization Act for FY 2005 (Public Law 108-375), enacted October 28, 2004. The Reserve Education Assistance Program (REAP) provides educational assistance to members of the National Guard and Reserves who serve on active duty in support of a contingency operation under federal authority on or after September 11, 2001. The National Defense Authorization Act of 2016 phased out REAP in November 2019.

⁵³ Postsecondary student benefits were ended by the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1981 (Public Law 97-35) and were completely phased out by August 1985.

⁵⁴ Dissolved in 1999; functions were transferred to the U.S. Department of State and the newly created Broadcasting Board of Governors.

⁵⁵ Included in the Educational and Cultural Affairs program in FYs 1980 through 1983; became an independent program in FY 1984.

⁵⁶ Includes funding for higher education financial services and preparation programs.

⁵⁷ Transferred from the U.S. Department of Education to the Institute of Museum and Library Services when the Institute became an independent agency in 1996.

⁵⁸ FY 2015 and earlier years include funding for the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research. In 2015, this agency was renamed the National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research and was integrated into the Administration for Community Living (ACL) within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

⁵⁹ Transferred from the U.S. Department of the Treasury to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security in FY 2003.

⁶⁰ The disaster relief program repairs and replaces damaged and destroyed school buildings. The Federal Emergency Management Agency, which administers this program, was transferred to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security in 2003.

⁶¹ The Second-Career Training Program for air traffic controllers was canceled in 1996.

⁶² The National and Community Service Trust Act of 1993 (Public Law 103-82) merged two agencies (ACTION and the Commission on National and Community Service) to establish the Corporation for National and Community Service.

⁶³ The Federal Emergency Management Agency was created in 1979, representing a combination of existing agencies. The funds for the Federal Emergency Management Agency in FY 1970 were in other agencies. This agency was transferred to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security in 2003.

⁶⁴ These programs include the Fall-Out Shelter Analysis, Blast Protection Design, through FY 1992. Starting in FY 1993, earthquake training and safety for teachers and administrators for grades 1 through 12 are included.

⁶⁵ Transferred from the General Services Administration to the National Archives and Records Administration in April 1985.

⁶⁶ The Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2008 (Public Law 110-161) transferred the National Commission on Libraries and Information Science to the Institute of Museum and Library Services in 2008.

⁶⁷ Includes federal obligations for research and development centers and R & D plant administered by colleges and universities. Data for FY 2020 are estimated.

⁶⁸ FY 1970 includes outlays for the Research and Training program. FY 1980 includes outlays for the National Institute of Education program. Amounts for FYs 1990 and 2000 are outlays for the Office of Educational Research and Improvement. Amounts for FY 2010 and later years are appropriations for the Institute of Education Sciences.

⁶⁹ The U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency was integrated into the U.S. Department of State in 1999.

⁷⁰ Other agencies include the Appalachian Regional Commission, National Archives and Records Administration, and Social Security Administration.

NOTE: To the extent possible, amounts reported do not represent obligations but instead represent appropriations or (especially for earlier years) outlays. Negative amounts occur when program receipts exceed outlays. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Constant fiscal year 2020 dollars are adjusted by the federal budget composite deflator, as reported in the U.S. Office of Management and Budget's Budget of the U.S. Government, Historical Tables, Fiscal Year 2022. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Budget Service, unpublished tabulations. U.S. Office of Management and Budget, Budget of the U.S. Government, Appendix; and supplemental agency budget documents, fiscal years 1971 through 2022. National Science Foundation, Federal Funds for Research and Development, fiscal years 1970 through 2020. (This table was prepared June 2021.)

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