Table 401.20.

Federal on-budget funds for education, by agency: Selected fiscal years, 1970 through 2020

[In thousands of dollars]
Agency	19701	19801	1990	2000	2010	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13
	Current dollars
Total	$12,511,079	$34,465,612	$56,033,753	$94,257,817	$179,560,187	$199,611,510	$207,426,048	$200,023,892	$241,137,480	$217,316,354	$245,601,538	$342,466,141
Department of Education2	4,625,224	13,137,785	23,198,575	34,106,697	80,886,361	95,402,189	100,421,930	88,871,248	127,025,204	97,614,576	121,964,676	214,177,488
Department of Agriculture	960,910	4,562,467	6,260,843	11,080,031	19,719,460	21,739,689	23,855,189	24,712,496	25,388,830	26,763,572	26,313,727	27,286,666
Department of Commerce	13,990	135,561	53,835	114,575	303,000	275,521	272,897	272,936	310,300	383,612	425,800	456,900
Department of Defense	821,388	1,560,301	3,605,509	4,525,080	7,686,288	7,297,021	7,006,346	7,194,204	7,230,743	7,920,474	8,414,529	8,552,107
Department of Energy	551,527	1,605,558	2,561,950	3,577,004	3,402,600	3,288,681	3,484,388	3,680,701	3,690,688	4,417,406	4,611,059	5,061,172
Department of Health and Human Services	1,127,521	3,712,930	11,906,197	24,961,831	39,742,472	39,071,095	38,996,167	41,076,948	42,492,380	44,973,040	47,938,911	50,363,178
Department of Homeland Security	†	†	†	†	540,229	371,808	372,144	332,266	312,254	301,672	297,220	393,305
Department of Housing and Urban Development	114,709	5,314	118	1,400	400	100	1,100	500	1,200	3,000	1,600	5,100
Department of the Interior	175,555	412,657	599,948	928,939	1,008,316	944,214	947,975	1,012,768	1,011,876	1,044,119	1,264,121	1,200,983
Department of Justice	15,728	60,721	99,775	292,859	219,993	240,957	233,264	265,780	242,304	197,797	191,274	212,881
Department of Labor	424,494	1,862,738	2,511,380	4,696,100	4,845,735	4,837,010	4,827,861	5,024,580	5,018,397	5,020,641	5,270,855	5,354,855
Department of State	59,742	25,188	51,225	388,349	801,180	835,741	870,920	864,395	854,326	914,232	963,196	1,014,776
Department of Transportation	27,534	54,712	76,186	117,054	160,243	168,000	178,050	182,614	188,918	228,054	591,293	611,821
Department of the Treasury	18	1,247,463	41,715	83,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Veterans Affairs	1,032,918	2,351,233	757,476	1,577,374	8,795,010	13,085,173	13,517,156	13,960,336	14,423,386	14,477,963	13,346,406	14,344,614
Other agencies and programs
ACTION	†	2,833	8,472	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Agency for International Development	88,034	176,770	249,786	332,500	557,900	594,039	648,000	657,111	688,243	461,030	512,130	58,700
Appalachian Regional Commission	37,838	19,032	93	7,243	5,070	13,073	23,682	39,639	35,712	21,904	35,470	30,170
Barry Goldwater Scholarship and Excellence     in Education Foundation	†	†	1,033	3,000	4,000	3,000	2,000	3,000	3,000	3,000	3,000	4,000
Corporation for National and Community Service	†	†	†	696,545	857,021	756,849	758,349	787,929	736,029	736,029	786,629	806,529
Environmental Protection Agency	19,446	41,083	87,481	98,900	54,700	86,100	68,600	56,600	51,500	51,400	52,500	51,600
Estimated education share of federal aid to     the District of Columbia	33,019	81,847	104,940	127,127	159,670	210,732	147,424	129,091	161,031	147,483	163,831	180,845
Federal Emergency Management Agency	290	1,946	215	14,894	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
General Services Administration	14,775	34,800	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Harry S. Truman Scholarship Foundation	†	-1,895	2,883	3,000	2,000	1,000	1,000	1,000	1,000	1,000	1,000	2,000
Institute of American Indian and Alaska     Native Culture and Arts Development	†	†	4,305	2,000	8,000	9,000	9,000	12,000	12,000	15,000	10,000	10,000
Institute of Museum and Library Services	†	†	†	166,000	282,251	226,860	227,860	230,000	230,000	229,000	242,000	252,000
James Madison Memorial Fellowship Foundation	†	†	191	7,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000
Japanese-United States Friendship Commission	†	2,294	2,299	3,000	2,000	3,000	3,000	3,000	3,000	3,000	3,000	3,000
Library of Congress	29,478	151,871	189,827	299,000	510,877	455,760	464,449	469,547	500,915	510,412	524,642	551,892
National Aeronautics and Space Administration	258,366	255,511	1,093,303	2,077,830	1,585,500	2,287,755	2,355,450	2,522,132	2,683,000	2,894,900	3,242,500	3,018,261
National Archives and Records Administration	†	†	77,397	121,879	339,000	386,630	381,730	389,073	392,956	393,960	403,212	377,823
National Commission on Libraries and     Information Science	†	2,090	3,281	2,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
National Endowment for the Arts	340	5,220	5,577	10,048	14,413	15,426	13,509	14,364	14,216	13,354	12,831	17,159
National Endowment for the Humanities	8,459	142,586	141,048	100,014	142,654	117,533	120,216	121,925	104,533	93,392	94,705	99,936
National Science Foundation	295,628	808,392	1,588,891	2,955,244	5,533,530	5,476,858	5,808,512	5,735,629	5,956,118	6,109,979	6,572,627	6,666,840
Nuclear Regulatory Commission	†	32,590	42,328	12,200	14,500	9,400	8,000	8,000	5,900	6,000	4,600	3,000
Office of Economic Opportunity	1,092,410	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Social Security Administration	669,333	1,901,000	489,814	729,036	1,281,700	1,328,700	1,327,200	1,319,900	1,294,600	1,288,700	1,263,600	1,207,400
Smithsonian Institution	2,461	5,153	5,779	25,764	28,814	28,796	29,979	27,779	27,538	28,070	28,060	28,840
U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency	100	661	25	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
United States Information Agency	8,423	66,210	201,547	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
United States Institute of Peace	†	†	7,621	13,000	49,000	37,000	35,000	35,300	37,884	37,884	38,634	45,000
Other agencies	1,421	990	885	300	14,300	4,800	5,700	7,100	5,500	8,700	9,900	13,300
	Constant fiscal year 2020 dollars3
Total	$78,697,140	$104,279,141	$106,997,785	$140,641,431	$210,427,072	$217,553,682	$224,956,985	$215,493,020	$255,496,048	$225,094,836	$249,897,061	$342,466,141
Department of Education2	29,093,566	39,749,677	44,298,231	50,890,365	94,790,947	103,977,459	108,909,247	95,744,231	134,588,939	101,108,529	124,097,814	214,177,488
Department of Agriculture	6,044,312	13,804,198	11,955,229	16,532,437	23,109,289	23,693,771	25,871,348	26,623,672	26,900,612	27,721,530	26,773,949	27,286,666
Department of Commerce	88,000	410,153	102,799	170,957	355,087	300,286	295,961	294,044	328,777	397,343	433,247	456,900
Department of Defense	5,166,692	4,720,846	6,884,805	6,751,840	9,007,582	7,952,917	7,598,498	7,750,578	7,661,298	8,203,974	8,561,697	8,552,107
Department of Energy	3,469,213	4,857,776	4,892,105	5,337,223	3,987,516	3,584,285	3,778,877	3,965,353	3,910,450	4,575,519	4,691,706	5,061,172
Department of Health and Human Services	7,092,328	11,233,839	22,735,166	37,245,374	46,574,311	42,583,018	42,291,990	44,253,692	45,022,595	46,582,776	48,777,353	50,363,178
Department of Homeland Security	†	†	†	†	633,096	405,229	403,596	357,962	330,847	312,470	302,418	393,305
Department of Housing and Urban Development	721,542	16,078	225	2,089	469	109	1,193	539	1,271	3,107	1,628	5,100
Department of the Interior	1,104,275	1,248,535	1,145,615	1,386,063	1,181,648	1,029,085	1,028,095	1,091,092	1,072,128	1,081,492	1,286,230	1,200,983
Department of Justice	98,932	183,717	190,523	436,973	257,811	262,616	252,979	286,335	256,732	204,877	194,619	212,881
Department of Labor	2,670,150	5,635,899	4,795,540	7,007,018	5,678,730	5,271,787	5,235,895	5,413,163	5,317,218	5,200,347	5,363,041	5,354,855
Department of State	375,789	76,209	97,815	579,453	938,905	910,862	944,527	931,244	905,197	946,955	980,042	1,014,776
Department of Transportation	173,194	165,537	145,479	174,655	187,789	183,101	193,098	196,737	200,167	236,217	601,635	611,821
Department of the Treasury	113	3,774,324	79,656	123,844	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Veterans Affairs	6,497,257	7,113,890	1,446,418	2,353,589	10,306,896	14,261,340	14,659,580	15,039,978	15,282,229	14,996,178	13,579,832	14,344,614
Other agencies and programs
ACTION	†	8,572	16,177	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Agency for International Development	553,751	534,835	476,972	496,121	653,805	647,434	702,767	707,930	729,225	477,532	521,087	58,700
Appalachian Regional Commission	238,008	57,583	178	10,807	5,942	14,248	25,683	42,705	37,839	22,688	36,091	30,170
Barry Goldwater Scholarship and Excellence     in Education Foundation	†	†	1,973	4,476	4,688	3,270	2,169	3,232	3,179	3,107	3,052	4,000
Corporation for National and Community Service	†	†	†	1,039,310	1,004,345	824,879	822,442	848,865	779,856	762,374	800,387	806,529
Environmental Protection Agency	122,319	124,301	167,047	147,568	64,103	93,839	74,398	60,977	54,567	53,240	53,418	51,600
Estimated education share of federal aid to     the District of Columbia	207,696	247,636	200,385	189,685	187,118	229,674	159,884	139,074	170,620	152,762	166,696	180,845
Federal Emergency Management Agency	1,824	5,888	411	22,223	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
General Services Administration	92,938	105,291	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Harry S. Truman Scholarship Foundation	†	-5,734	5,505	4,476	2,344	1,090	1,085	1,077	1,060	1,036	1,017	2,000
Institute of American Indian and Alaska     Native Culture and Arts Development	†	†	8,221	2,984	9,375	9,809	9,761	12,928	12,715	15,537	10,175	10,000
Institute of Museum and Library Services	†	†	†	247,687	330,771	247,251	247,118	247,787	243,695	237,197	246,233	252,000
James Madison Memorial Fellowship Foundation	†	†	365	10,445	2,344	2,180	2,169	2,155	2,119	2,072	2,035	2,000
Japanese-United States Friendship Commission	†	6,941	4,390	4,476	2,344	3,270	3,254	3,232	3,179	3,107	3,052	3,000
Library of Congress	185,422	459,501	362,479	446,136	598,698	496,726	503,703	505,860	530,742	528,681	533,818	551,892
National Aeronautics and Space Administration	1,625,173	773,074	2,087,688	3,100,316	1,858,052	2,493,391	2,554,525	2,717,185	2,842,760	2,998,518	3,299,211	3,018,261
National Archives and Records Administration	†	†	147,791	181,855	397,275	421,382	413,993	419,163	416,355	408,061	410,264	377,823
National Commission on Libraries and     Information Science	†	6,324	6,265	2,984	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
National Endowment for the Arts	2,139	15,794	10,649	14,992	16,891	16,813	14,651	15,475	15,062	13,832	13,055	17,159
National Endowment for the Humanities	53,209	431,408	269,335	149,231	167,176	128,098	130,376	131,354	110,757	96,735	96,361	99,936
National Science Foundation	1,859,558	2,445,870	3,034,025	4,409,499	6,484,759	5,969,148	6,299,427	6,179,201	6,310,775	6,328,675	6,687,581	6,666,840
Nuclear Regulatory Commission	†	98,604	80,826	18,204	16,993	10,245	8,676	8,619	6,251	6,215	4,680	3,000
Office of Economic Opportunity	6,871,473	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Social Security Administration	4,210,236	5,751,665	935,311	1,087,790	1,502,028	1,448,131	1,439,370	1,421,976	1,371,687	1,334,827	1,285,700	1,207,400
Smithsonian Institution	15,480	15,591	11,035	38,442	33,767	31,384	32,513	29,927	29,178	29,075	28,551	28,840
U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency	629	2,000	48	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
United States Information Agency	52,982	200,325	384,859	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
United States Institute of Peace	†	†	14,552	19,397	57,423	40,326	37,958	38,030	40,140	39,240	39,310	45,000
Other agencies	8,938	2,995	1,690	448	16,758	5,231	6,182	7,649	5,827	9,011	10,073	13,300

†Not applicable.

1 Excludes federal support for medical education benefits under Medicare in the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Benefits are excluded because data before fiscal year (FY) 1990 are not available. This program has existed since Medicare began but was not available as a separate budget item until FY 1990.

2 The U.S. Department of Education was created in May 1980. It formerly was the Office of Education in the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. This table does not include education funds from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA) because these funds are included only in tables that show FY 2009. Most of these funds had a 2-year availability, meaning they were available for the Department of Education to obligate during FY 2009 and FY 2010.

3 Data adjusted by the federal budget composite deflator, as reported in the U.S. Office of Management and Budget's Budget of the U.S. Government, Historical Tables, Fiscal Year 2022.

NOTE: To the extent possible, federal education funds data do not represent obligations but instead represent appropriations or (especially for earlier years) outlays. Negative amounts occur when program receipts exceed outlays. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, unpublished tabulations. U.S. Office of Management and Budget, Budget of the U.S. Government, Appendix; and supplemental agency budget documents, fiscal years 1972 through 2022. National Science Foundation, Federal Funds for Research and Development, fiscal years 1970 through 2020. (This table was prepared June 2021.)