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| 2020 Tables and Figures | All Years of Tables and Figures | Most Recent Full Issue of the Digest |
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| Table 331.95. | Percentage of undergraduate degree/certificate completers who ever received loans and average cumulative amount borrowed, by degree level, selected student characteristics, and institution control: Selected years, 1999-2000 through 2015-16 |
| [Standard errors appear in parentheses] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Degree level, selected student characteristic, and institution control | 1999–2000 | 2011–12 | 2015–16 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans to students | Parent PLUS Loans1 | Loans to students | Parent PLUS Loans1 | Loans to students | Parent PLUS Loans1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total loans to students |
Federal loans to students |
Total loans to students |
Federal loans to students |
Nonfederal loans |
Total loans to students |
Federal loans to students |
Nonfederal loans |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Percent of completers who ever received loans | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total, all completers | 52.5 | (0.75) | 50.5 | (0.74) | 7.2 | (0.27) | 61.6 | (0.62) | 58.6 | (0.62) | 24.8 | (0.50) | 10.5 | (0.40) | 61.8 | (0.55) | 59.7 | (0.56) | 10.4 | (0.27) | 10.3 | (0.24) | |||||||||||
Certificate below associate's level |
43.5 | (2.64) | 39.6 | (2.57) | 3.3 | (0.55) | 66.3 | (1.71) | 63.8 | (1.79) | 23.4 | (1.25) | 7.9 | (0.83) | 67.7 | (1.76) | 65.9 | (1.88) | 9.2 | (0.71) | 7.2 | (0.65) | |||||||||||
| Sex | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Male | 39.3 | (3.48) | 35.9 | (3.55) | 3.4 | (0.81) | 58.0 | (2.93) | 55.9 | (3.00) | 21.5 | (2.01) | 8.7 | (1.67) | 57.4 | (3.21) | 55.9 | (3.25) | 7.7 | (0.86) | 8.4 | (1.25) | |||||||||||
| Female | 46.7 | (3.12) | 42.5 | (2.95) | 3.3 | (0.68) | 70.0 | (1.90) | 67.2 | (1.96) | 24.2 | (1.50) | 7.6 | (0.93) | 73.6 | (1.75) | 71.6 | (1.87) | 10.0 | (0.93) | 6.6 | (0.76) | |||||||||||
| Institution control | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Public | 27.1 | (2.64) | 22.2 | (2.26) | 0.9 | ! | (0.39) | 36.2 | (3.17) | 31.8 | (3.18) | 10.5 | (1.81) | 1.8 | ! | (0.74) | 44.6 | (2.43) | 43.0 | (2.47) | 4.3 | (0.96) | 3.4 | (0.82) | |||||||||
| Private nonprofit | 53.2 | (7.86) | 49.8 | (7.91) | 9.8 | ! | (3.05) | 76.1 | (5.06) | 73.3 | (5.80) | 23.1 | (4.84) | ‡ | (†) | 80.1 | (3.50) | 76.4 | (4.97) | 11.9 | (2.42) | 6.4 | ! | (2.07) | |||||||||
| Private for-profit | 86.3 | (1.60) | 85.0 | (1.75) | 8.5 | (1.33) | 85.9 | (1.73) | 84.6 | (1.92) | 32.2 | (1.64) | 12.0 | (1.27) | 87.5 | (1.58) | 85.7 | (1.89) | 13.3 | (1.11) | 11.0 | (0.98) | |||||||||||
Associate's degree |
38.9 | (1.59) | 36.9 | (1.65) | 4.3 | (0.54) | 49.8 | (1.09) | 46.1 | (1.03) | 18.7 | (0.83) | 5.0 | (0.44) | 48.1 | (1.04) | 46.2 | (1.04) | 5.8 | (0.46) | 5.1 | (0.42) | |||||||||||
| Sex | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Male | 37.9 | (2.76) | 36.0 | (2.82) | 5.8 | (1.28) | 46.2 | (1.75) | 42.1 | (1.73) | 18.6 | (1.05) | 6.0 | (0.75) | 41.9 | (1.48) | 39.8 | (1.46) | 5.3 | (0.72) | 5.4 | (0.72) | |||||||||||
| Female | 39.4 | (2.04) | 37.4 | (2.11) | 3.5 | (0.80) | 52.3 | (1.41) | 48.9 | (1.29) | 18.9 | (1.13) | 4.3 | (0.47) | 52.5 | (1.25) | 50.8 | (1.28) | 6.1 | (0.58) | 4.9 | (0.49) | |||||||||||
| Race/ethnicity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| White | 39.5 | (2.04) | 37.4 | (2.03) | 4.5 | (0.76) | 49.2 | (1.52) | 45.7 | (1.54) | 19.8 | (1.11) | 5.0 | (0.54) | 50.2 | (1.60) | 48.4 | (1.63) | 6.4 | (0.66) | 6.1 | (0.67) | |||||||||||
| Black | 44.5 | (4.38) | 42.3 | (4.26) | 2.8 | ! | (1.06) | 66.2 | (2.62) | 60.8 | (2.67) | 22.1 | (2.06) | 3.2 | (0.93) | 66.7 | (2.41) | 65.6 | (2.48) | 5.4 | (1.03) | 4.2 | (0.72) | ||||||||||
| Hispanic | 41.3 | (5.26) | 39.5 | (5.00) | 7.2 | ! | (2.98) | 44.6 | (2.34) | 40.7 | (2.28) | 15.8 | (1.60) | 5.9 | (1.18) | 35.4 | (1.89) | 34.0 | (1.86) | 3.6 | (0.70) | 4.1 | (0.73) | ||||||||||
| Asian | 16.9 | ! | (5.79) | 16.3 | ! | (5.73) | ‡ | (†) | 26.1 | (4.11) | 23.0 | (3.93) | 9.9 | (2.87) | 6.1 | ! | (2.18) | 26.7 | (3.28) | 22.1 | (3.07) | 6.2 | ! | (1.95) | 2.5 | ! | (0.88) | ||||||
| Pacific Islander | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 47.3 | (11.14) | 41.7 | (11.28) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||||||
| American Indian/Alaska Native | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 64.6 | (11.14) | 64.6 | (11.14) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 67.2 | (10.02) | 63.3 | (10.20) | 19.0 | ! | (8.22) | ‡ | (†) | ||||||||||
| Two or more races | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 52.1 | (6.13) | 51.5 | (5.97) | 21.9 | (5.24) | 6.2 | ! | (2.47) | 47.1 | (5.10) | 45.5 | (5.18) | 6.4 | ! | (2.55) | 4.6 | ! | (1.95) | ||||||||
| Other2 | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | |||||||||||
| Dependency status | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dependent | 36.7 | (2.91) | 35.6 | (2.89) | 8.9 | (1.38) | 41.3 | (1.57) | 38.6 | (1.54) | 16.2 | (1.10) | 7.9 | (0.79) | 34.9 | (1.57) | 33.2 | (1.50) | 4.4 | (0.51) | 5.3 | (0.59) | |||||||||||
| Independent | 40.1 | (1.87) | 37.6 | (2.04) | 1.7 | (0.50) | 54.7 | (1.39) | 50.4 | (1.34) | 20.2 | (1.01) | 3.3 | (0.48) | 55.4 | (1.29) | 53.4 | (1.35) | 6.5 | (0.65) | 5.0 | (0.59) | |||||||||||
| Institution control | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Public | 32.6 | (1.66) | 30.6 | (1.69) | 1.9 | (0.48) | 42.1 | (1.28) | 38.1 | (1.17) | 14.9 | (0.87) | 3.2 | (0.40) | 40.9 | (1.15) | 38.8 | (1.15) | 4.8 | (0.49) | 3.9 | (0.47) | |||||||||||
| Private nonprofit | 45.7 | (5.92) | 43.0 | (5.63) | 11.1 | ! | (3.83) | 86.9 | (5.23) | 84.8 | (6.80) | 43.2 | (6.75) | 12.5 | ! | (4.28) | 83.9 | (3.01) | 83.1 | (3.26) | 11.9 | (3.49) | 9.0 | (1.99) | |||||||||
| Private for-profit | 92.5 | (1.29) | 91.6 | (1.20) | 22.4 | (3.49) | 88.3 | (1.77) | 86.4 | (1.87) | 37.2 | (1.93) | 14.1 | (1.63) | 88.3 | (1.16) | 87.8 | (1.15) | 10.6 | (0.86) | 12.4 | (1.02) | |||||||||||
Bachelor's degree |
62.2 | (0.70) | 61.0 | (0.70) | 10.2 | (0.40) | 69.0 | (0.75) | 66.3 | (0.72) | 29.8 | (0.79) | 15.5 | (0.68) | 68.9 | (0.62) | 66.7 | (0.64) | 13.8 | (0.33) | 14.6 | (0.36) | |||||||||||
| Sex | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Male | 61.4 | (1.00) | 60.2 | (1.01) | 10.6 | (0.56) | 67.0 | (1.39) | 63.9 | (1.37) | 29.4 | (1.20) | 15.1 | (1.00) | 65.7 | (0.85) | 63.3 | (0.86) | 13.3 | (0.53) | 14.8 | (0.57) | |||||||||||
| Female | 62.8 | (0.94) | 61.6 | (0.92) | 9.8 | (0.54) | 70.5 | (0.94) | 68.2 | (0.92) | 30.1 | (1.04) | 15.9 | (0.92) | 71.4 | (0.71) | 69.3 | (0.75) | 14.2 | (0.44) | 14.4 | (0.46) | |||||||||||
| Race/ethnicity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| White | 60.7 | (0.87) | 59.5 | (0.85) | 10.2 | (0.45) | 67.5 | (0.94) | 64.8 | (0.92) | 30.2 | (1.03) | 16.0 | (0.87) | 69.4 | (0.69) | 67.1 | (0.70) | 15.5 | (0.45) | 15.7 | (0.44) | |||||||||||
| Black | 80.5 | (1.81) | 80.0 | (1.82) | 13.9 | (1.66) | 84.2 | (1.78) | 82.0 | (1.92) | 33.2 | (2.37) | 16.9 | (1.83) | 84.9 | (1.17) | 83.8 | (1.20) | 10.6 | (1.03) | 16.7 | (1.23) | |||||||||||
| Hispanic | 68.7 | (1.86) | 67.1 | (2.00) | 11.7 | (1.69) | 71.9 | (2.42) | 69.2 | (2.32) | 30.0 | (2.08) | 15.1 | (1.82) | 66.6 | (1.57) | 64.7 | (1.59) | 10.2 | (0.80) | 11.8 | (0.94) | |||||||||||
| Asian | 50.2 | (2.43) | 49.0 | (2.55) | 4.3 | (0.85) | 47.2 | (3.22) | 42.7 | (3.02) | 20.5 | (2.49) | 7.8 | (1.70) | 45.1 | (2.04) | 41.4 | (1.98) | 10.6 | (1.02) | 8.7 | (1.19) | |||||||||||
| Pacific Islander | 66.7 | (6.35) | 66.7 | (6.35) | 19.1 | (5.45) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 89.4 | (4.56) | 80.7 | (8.09) | 18.3 | ! | (8.05) | 14.1 | ! | (5.77) | |||||||||
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 75.2 | (6.58) | 71.8 | (6.80) | 3.8 | ! | (1.73) | 61.5 | (11.92) | 60.2 | (12.04) | 19.5 | ! | (8.06) | ‡ | (†) | 76.1 | (5.87) | 69.9 | (6.68) | 14.4 | (4.23) | 6.9 | ! | (2.22) | ||||||||
| Two or more races | 55.0 | (5.12) | 52.7 | (5.48) | 7.6 | (1.95) | 81.0 | (3.68) | 78.7 | (3.94) | 31.7 | (4.43) | 21.0 | (4.63) | 72.9 | (2.35) | 70.1 | (2.60) | 17.5 | (2.58) | 17.1 | (2.01) | |||||||||||
| Other2 | 53.5 | (6.22) | 53.1 | (6.19) | 6.3 | ! | (2.25) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | ||||||||||
| Dependency status | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dependent | 59.2 | (0.95) | 58.0 | (0.92) | 14.4 | (0.63) | 64.9 | (1.09) | 61.6 | (1.06) | 29.8 | (1.02) | 21.0 | (0.96) | 65.9 | (0.69) | 63.4 | (0.70) | 15.9 | (0.43) | 18.9 | (0.54) | |||||||||||
| Independent | 65.9 | (0.92) | 64.8 | (0.94) | 4.9 | (0.34) | 74.1 | (1.16) | 72.2 | (1.13) | 29.7 | (1.19) | 8.6 | (0.76) | 72.6 | (0.92) | 70.6 | (0.97) | 11.3 | (0.52) | 9.3 | (0.50) | |||||||||||
| Institution control | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Public | 60.0 | (0.80) | 58.8 | (0.81) | 8.3 | (0.42) | 64.1 | (0.89) | 61.2 | (0.86) | 25.9 | (0.84) | 13.5 | (0.69) | 66.4 | (0.68) | 64.1 | (0.66) | 11.7 | (0.40) | 13.7 | (0.45) | |||||||||||
| Private nonprofit | 66.2 | (1.16) | 65.2 | (1.17) | 14.1 | (0.93) | 73.5 | (1.72) | 70.7 | (1.74) | 34.6 | (1.83) | 21.5 | (1.75) | 69.2 | (0.94) | 66.7 | (0.96) | 17.9 | (0.75) | 17.0 | (0.66) | |||||||||||
| Private for-profit | 77.2 | (4.41) | 77.0 | (4.45) | 10.8 | ! | (3.55) | 87.2 | (1.62) | 86.3 | (1.59) | 40.5 | (1.76) | 10.9 | (1.17) | 86.5 | (1.95) | 85.3 | (2.43) | 15.1 | (1.16) | 12.7 | (1.63) | ||||||||||
| Average cumulative loan amount for students with loans (current dollars)3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total, all completers | $14,260 | (186) | $13,540 | (162) | $12,630 | (443) | $23,050 | (285) | $19,510 | (208) | $11,210 | (450) | $22,990 | (1,197) | $24,480 | (336) | $22,520 | (305) | $16,160 | (439) | $27,170 | (676) | |||||||||||
Certificate below associate's level |
7,790 | (418) | 7,150 | (330) | 6,850 | (1,081) | 13,280 | (374) | 11,380 | (343) | 6,630 | (526) | 8,900 | (612) | 15,520 | (502) | 14,280 | (413) | 12,080 | (1,649) | 12,920 | (1,158) | |||||||||||
| Sex | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Male | 8,110 | (533) | 7,550 | (544) | 8,290 | (2,316) | 13,370 | (743) | 10,970 | (629) | 7,540 | (1,314) | 10,080 | (1,199) | 15,380 | (1,091) | 13,760 | (891) | 14,630 | (3,942) | 16,320 | (2,136) | |||||||||||
| Female | 7,590 | (492) | 6,900 | (373) | 5,720 | (941) | 13,250 | (393) | 11,520 | (357) | 6,280 | (510) | 8,300 | (775) | 15,590 | (476) | 14,520 | (423) | 10,950 | (1,549) | 10,450 | (1,172) | |||||||||||
| Institution control | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Public | 7,640 | (819) | 7,540 | (623) | ‡ | (†) | 12,420 | (1,151) | 11,030 | (1,095) | 9,410 | (2,241) | ‡ | (†) | 16,400 | (1,080) | 15,550 | (946) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||||||
| Private nonprofit | 11,240 | (2,280) | 9,880 | (1,828) | 9,680 | (2,443) | 15,820 | (2,721) | 11,850 | (1,463) | 14,530 | ! | (6,937) | ‡ | (†) | 17,110 | (2,536) | 15,840 | (1,951) | 13,520 | ! | (6,105) | 17,470 | ! | (6,447) | ||||||||
| Private for-profit | 7,470 | (323) | 6,540 | (287) | 6,260 | (1,604) | 13,320 | (345) | 11,430 | (329) | 5,510 | (338) | 9,180 | (650) | 14,880 | (434) | 13,480 | (326) | 11,040 | (1,616) | 11,110 | (943) | |||||||||||
Associate's degree |
9,490 | (334) | 8,840 | (339) | 7,630 | (1,046) | 17,160 | (359) | 15,130 | (305) | 8,370 | (413) | 14,830 | (1,095) | 18,550 | (408) | 18,060 | (392) | 9,950 | (1,136) | 12,980 | (1,148) | |||||||||||
| Sex | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Male | 9,320 | (698) | 8,590 | (663) | 7,860 | (2,013) | 15,950 | (536) | 13,930 | (418) | 8,090 | (561) | 16,000 | (1,696) | 17,010 | (652) | 16,150 | (552) | 13,220 | (2,547) | 13,500 | (1,712) | |||||||||||
| Female | 9,570 | (436) | 8,970 | (384) | 7,430 | (803) | 17,900 | (535) | 15,850 | (447) | 8,570 | (621) | 13,690 | (1,445) | 19,420 | (492) | 19,110 | (485) | 7,970 | (792) | 12,580 | (1,338) | |||||||||||
| Race/ethnicity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| White | 9,590 | (480) | 8,910 | (433) | 8,510 | (1,285) | 17,110 | (485) | 14,630 | (377) | 8,810 | (577) | 15,400 | (1,429) | 17,760 | (533) | 17,100 | (486) | 10,210 | (1,837) | 13,350 | (1,638) | |||||||||||
| Black | 9,500 | (771) | 8,590 | (659) | ‡ | (†) | 19,280 | (922) | 17,580 | (783) | 9,380 | (1,321) | 15,050 | (4,419) | 22,300 | (834) | 21,930 | (792) | 9,020 | (2,182) | 11,310 | (1,748) | |||||||||||
| Hispanic | 8,840 | (2,037) | 9,090 | (2,124) | ‡ | (†) | 15,170 | (912) | 14,020 | (786) | 6,650 | (667) | 12,220 | (1,572) | 15,970 | (904) | 15,590 | (928) | 9,770 | (1,659) | 12,440 | (1,563) | |||||||||||
| Asian | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 13,580 | (1,965) | 13,400 | (1,786) | 4,640 | (902) | ‡ | (†) | 16,830 | (1,772) | 17,720 | (1,981) | 9,340 | (2,170) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||||||
| Pacific Islander | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||||||
| American Indian/Alaska Native | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 22,330 | (3,730) | 22,100 | (3,720) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 18,230 | (3,431) | 17,830 | (3,110) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||||||
| Two or more races | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 17,570 | (1,740) | 15,260 | (1,453) | 5,920 | (1,367) | ‡ | (†) | 21,790 | (2,159) | 20,940 | (2,134) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||||||
| Other2 | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | |||||||||||
| Dependency status | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dependent | 8,280 | (530) | 7,400 | (452) | 8,830 | (1,306) | 13,240 | (512) | 11,200 | (391) | 7,090 | (618) | 15,520 | (1,739) | 12,140 | (438) | 11,660 | (440) | 8,340 | (1,100) | 15,470 | (1,677) | |||||||||||
| Independent | 10,120 | (479) | 9,630 | (459) | ‡ | (†) | 18,860 | (471) | 16,860 | (420) | 8,960 | (534) | 13,880 | (1,419) | 20,780 | (474) | 20,250 | (448) | 10,550 | (1,504) | 11,510 | (1,381) | |||||||||||
| Institution control | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Public | 8,060 | (431) | 7,360 | (398) | ‡ | (†) | 13,970 | (349) | 12,300 | (315) | 8,080 | (538) | 12,070 | (1,154) | 15,640 | (511) | 15,230 | (494) | 10,110 | (1,639) | 11,600 | (1,490) | |||||||||||
| Private nonprofit | 11,850 | (1,035) | 11,950 | (999) | ‡ | (†) | 25,310 | (2,076) | 20,420 | (1,564) | 10,790 | (2,742) | ‡ | (†) | 24,830 | (1,159) | 23,890 | (1,239) | 8,180 | (2,395) | 14,950 | (2,567) | |||||||||||
| Private for-profit | 13,440 | (685) | 12,540 | (672) | 9,550 | (1,804) | 24,680 | (624) | 21,550 | (537) | 8,550 | (486) | 17,590 | (1,854) | 26,420 | (512) | 25,340 | (537) | 10,220 | (718) | 15,740 | (1,994) | |||||||||||
Bachelor's degree |
17,480 | (204) | 16,530 | (180) | 14,350 | (548) | 29,380 | (456) | 24,400 | (295) | 13,760 | (704) | 27,350 | (1,613) | 29,910 | (402) | 27,050 | (384) | 18,700 | (432) | 32,600 | (796) | |||||||||||
| Sex | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Male | 17,470 | (247) | 16,530 | (232) | 14,730 | (784) | 29,030 | (666) | 23,740 | (451) | 14,630 | (1,044) | 29,780 | (3,015) | 28,920 | (477) | 26,120 | (429) | 18,760 | (800) | 33,790 | (1,296) | |||||||||||
| Female | 17,490 | (256) | 16,530 | (230) | 14,050 | (627) | 29,650 | (551) | 24,890 | (378) | 13,090 | (857) | 25,530 | (1,602) | 30,610 | (451) | 27,710 | (420) | 18,650 | (641) | 31,660 | (967) | |||||||||||
| Race/ethnicity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| White | 17,370 | (211) | 16,390 | (195) | 14,720 | (591) | 29,060 | (579) | 23,690 | (354) | 14,050 | (766) | 27,450 | (2,033) | 30,090 | (346) | 26,460 | (325) | 20,040 | (595) | 34,370 | (1,088) | |||||||||||
| Black | 19,510 | (793) | 18,760 | (718) | 10,880 | (1,006) | 33,020 | (1,066) | 29,200 | (842) | 11,620 | (1,662) | 24,490 | (4,344) | 34,000 | (877) | 32,370 | (809) | 16,450 | (1,555) | 24,800 | (2,009) | |||||||||||
| Hispanic | 17,450 | (821) | 16,270 | (626) | 13,810 | (1,693) | 29,520 | (1,584) | 23,710 | (825) | 16,050 | (2,820) | 26,470 | (3,900) | 26,820 | (774) | 25,420 | (725) | 13,900 | (1,028) | 29,440 | (2,070) | |||||||||||
| Asian | 14,540 | (619) | 13,990 | (545) | 20,260 | (4,188) | 23,130 | (1,259) | 20,740 | (1,041) | 10,070 | (2,255) | ‡ | (†) | 25,450 | (1,094) | 22,770 | (882) | 19,250 | (2,191) | 34,080 | (3,962) | |||||||||||
| Pacific Islander | 18,380 | (1,787) | 16,850 | (1,222) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 26,520 | (3,981) | 27,690 | (3,236) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||||||
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 18,770 | (1,553) | 18,290 | (1,646) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 26,380 | (2,659) | 25,550 | (2,696) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||||||
| Two or more races | 17,720 | (1,352) | 16,470 | (1,229) | ‡ | (†) | 28,050 | (1,731) | 23,950 | (1,427) | 12,250 | (2,067) | ‡ | (†) | 29,680 | (1,097) | 27,280 | (940) | 14,490 | (1,605) | 40,070 | (3,890) | |||||||||||
| Other2 | 16,210 | (1,378) | 15,250 | (1,361) | ‡ | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | |||||||||||
| Dependency status | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dependent | 16,910 | (221) | 15,620 | (177) | 15,680 | (671) | 26,070 | (575) | 20,370 | (285) | 14,700 | (917) | 28,410 | (1,566) | 26,760 | (282) | 22,450 | (199) | 21,340 | (575) | 36,790 | (1,047) | |||||||||||
| Independent | 18,110 | (320) | 17,540 | (300) | 9,490 | (802) | 33,040 | (637) | 28,740 | (481) | 12,570 | (905) | 24,060 | (4,374) | 33,340 | (649) | 32,010 | (587) | 14,230 | (634) | 22,420 | (1,257) | |||||||||||
| Institution control | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Public | 16,210 | (233) | 15,700 | (213) | 11,600 | (550) | 25,640 | (454) | 22,030 | (336) | 11,400 | (621) | 20,460 | (1,080) | 26,930 | (278) | 25,000 | (235) | 15,770 | (611) | 27,530 | (990) | |||||||||||
| Private nonprofit | 19,620 | (373) | 17,810 | (313) | 17,950 | (810) | 32,310 | (1,181) | 24,610 | (594) | 18,370 | (1,698) | 37,130 | (3,739) | 31,890 | (453) | 26,670 | (331) | 23,840 | (766) | 41,940 | (1,853) | |||||||||||
| Private for-profit | 24,040 | (1,204) | 23,170 | (1,160) | ‡ | (†) | 40,040 | (798) | 34,880 | (612) | 11,870 | (911) | 25,650 | (2,506) | 41,320 | (1,592) | 39,150 | (1,303) | 15,460 | (1,060) | 31,890 | (2,316) | |||||||||||
| Average cumulative loan amount for students with loans (constant 2019-20 dollars)3,4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total, all completers | $21,670 | (283) | $20,570 | (246) | $19,190 | (672) | $26,060 | (322) | $22,050 | (235) | $12,680 | (508) | $25,990 | (1,353) | $26,430 | (362) | $24,310 | (329) | $17,440 | (474) | $29,330 | (730) | |||||||||||
Certificate below associate's level |
11,840 | (636) | 10,870 | (502) | 10,410 | (1,642) | 15,010 | (423) | 12,860 | (388) | 7,500 | (595) | 10,060 | (691) | 16,760 | (541) | 15,420 | (446) | 13,040 | (1,780) | 13,950 | (1,251) | |||||||||||
| Sex | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Male | 12,320 | (810) | 11,470 | (827) | 12,600 | (3,519) | 15,110 | (840) | 12,400 | (711) | 8,530 | (1,485) | 11,400 | (1,356) | 16,600 | (1,178) | 14,860 | (962) | 15,790 | (4,255) | 17,620 | (2,306) | |||||||||||
| Female | 11,540 | (748) | 10,490 | (567) | 8,690 | (1,430) | 14,980 | (444) | 13,030 | (404) | 7,100 | (576) | 9,380 | (876) | 16,830 | (514) | 15,670 | (456) | 11,820 | (1,672) | 11,290 | (1,266) | |||||||||||
| Institution control | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Public | 11,610 | (1,244) | 11,460 | (947) | ‡ | (†) | 14,040 | (1,301) | 12,470 | (1,238) | 10,630 | (2,533) | ‡ | (†) | 17,710 | (1,166) | 16,790 | (1,021) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||||||
| Private nonprofit | 17,080 | (3,464) | 15,020 | (2,777) | 14,710 | (3,712) | 17,890 | (3,076) | 13,400 | (1,654) | 16,420 | ! | (7,841) | ‡ | (†) | 18,480 | (2,737) | 17,100 | (2,106) | 14,600 | ! | (6,591) | 18,860 | ! | (6,959) | ||||||||
| Private for-profit | 11,360 | (491) | 9,940 | (436) | 9,510 | (2,437) | 15,060 | (390) | 12,920 | (372) | 6,230 | (382) | 10,380 | (735) | 16,070 | (468) | 14,550 | (352) | 11,920 | (1,744) | 12,000 | (1,018) | |||||||||||
Associate's degree |
14,420 | (508) | 13,440 | (515) | 11,600 | (1,589) | 19,390 | (406) | 17,100 | (345) | 9,460 | (466) | 16,770 | (1,238) | 20,030 | (441) | 19,500 | (423) | 10,740 | (1,226) | 14,010 | (1,239) | |||||||||||
| Sex | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Male | 14,160 | (1,061) | 13,060 | (1,008) | 11,950 | (3,058) | 18,030 | (606) | 15,750 | (473) | 9,140 | (634) | 18,080 | (1,917) | 18,360 | (703) | 17,440 | (596) | 14,270 | (2,750) | 14,570 | (1,848) | |||||||||||
| Female | 14,550 | (663) | 13,630 | (584) | 11,290 | (1,220) | 20,240 | (605) | 17,920 | (505) | 9,690 | (702) | 15,470 | (1,634) | 20,960 | (531) | 20,630 | (524) | 8,600 | (855) | 13,580 | (1,444) | |||||||||||
| Race/ethnicity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| White | 14,570 | (729) | 13,530 | (659) | 12,930 | (1,952) | 19,340 | (548) | 16,540 | (427) | 9,950 | (652) | 17,410 | (1,616) | 19,170 | (576) | 18,460 | (524) | 11,020 | (1,983) | 14,410 | (1,768) | |||||||||||
| Black | 14,430 | (1,171) | 13,050 | (1,002) | ‡ | (†) | 21,790 | (1,042) | 19,870 | (885) | 10,610 | (1,493) | 17,010 | (4,995) | 24,080 | (901) | 23,680 | (855) | 9,730 | (2,356) | 12,210 | (1,887) | |||||||||||
| Hispanic | 13,430 | (3,095) | 13,810 | (3,228) | ‡ | (†) | 17,150 | (1,031) | 15,850 | (889) | 7,520 | (754) | 13,820 | (1,777) | 17,250 | (976) | 16,830 | (1,002) | 10,540 | (1,791) | 13,430 | (1,688) | |||||||||||
| Asian | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 15,350 | (2,221) | 15,150 | (2,018) | 5,240 | (1,019) | ‡ | (†) | 18,170 | (1,913) | 19,130 | (2,138) | 10,080 | (2,343) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||||||
| Pacific Islander | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||||||
| American Indian/Alaska Native | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 22,330 | (3,730) | 22,100 | (3,720) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 19,680 | (3,704) | 19,250 | (3,358) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||||||
| Two or more races | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 19,860 | (1,967) | 17,250 | (1,642) | 6,690 | (1,545) | ‡ | (†) | 23,530 | (2,331) | 22,610 | (2,304) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||||||
| Other2 | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | |||||||||||
| Dependency status | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dependent | 12,590 | (806) | 11,240 | (687) | 13,410 | (1,984) | 14,970 | (579) | 12,660 | (442) | 8,020 | (699) | 17,550 | (1,966) | 13,100 | (473) | 12,580 | (475) | 9,000 | (1,187) | 16,700 | (1,810) | |||||||||||
| Independent | 15,370 | (728) | 14,630 | (698) | ‡ | (†) | 21,320 | (533) | 19,060 | (475) | 10,130 | (604) | 15,690 | (1,604) | 22,430 | (512) | 21,870 | (483) | 11,390 | (1,624) | 12,420 | (1,491) | |||||||||||
| Institution control | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Public | 12,250 | (655) | 11,190 | (605) | ‡ | (†) | 15,790 | (394) | 13,900 | (357) | 9,130 | (608) | 13,650 | (1,305) | 16,880 | (552) | 16,450 | (533) | 10,910 | (1,770) | 12,530 | (1,609) | |||||||||||
| Private nonprofit | 18,000 | (1,573) | 18,160 | (1,518) | ‡ | (†) | 28,610 | (2,347) | 23,080 | (1,768) | 12,200 | (3,099) | ‡ | (†) | 26,800 | (1,251) | 25,790 | (1,338) | 8,830 | (2,586) | 16,140 | (2,771) | |||||||||||
| Private for-profit | 20,420 | (1,041) | 19,060 | (1,022) | 14,510 | (2,741) | 27,900 | (706) | 24,350 | (608) | 9,660 | (549) | 19,880 | (2,096) | 28,520 | (553) | 27,360 | (580) | 11,030 | (775) | 16,990 | (2,153) | |||||||||||
Bachelor's degree |
26,560 | (310) | 25,120 | (274) | 21,810 | (833) | 33,210 | (516) | 27,580 | (334) | 15,550 | (796) | 30,920 | (1,824) | 32,290 | (433) | 29,210 | (414) | 20,180 | (466) | 35,190 | (860) | |||||||||||
| Sex | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Male | 26,540 | (375) | 25,120 | (353) | 22,380 | (1,192) | 32,820 | (753) | 26,830 | (510) | 16,540 | (1,180) | 33,660 | (3,408) | 31,230 | (515) | 28,200 | (463) | 20,250 | (864) | 36,480 | (1,399) | |||||||||||
| Female | 26,570 | (389) | 25,120 | (349) | 21,340 | (953) | 33,510 | (623) | 28,140 | (428) | 14,790 | (969) | 28,860 | (1,811) | 33,040 | (487) | 29,910 | (453) | 20,130 | (692) | 34,180 | (1,044) | |||||||||||
| Race/ethnicity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| White | 26,400 | (321) | 24,910 | (296) | 22,360 | (899) | 32,850 | (654) | 26,780 | (400) | 15,890 | (866) | 31,030 | (2,298) | 32,490 | (373) | 28,560 | (351) | 21,640 | (643) | 37,100 | (1,175) | |||||||||||
| Black | 29,650 | (1,205) | 28,500 | (1,091) | 16,530 | (1,529) | 37,320 | (1,205) | 33,000 | (952) | 13,140 | (1,878) | 27,690 | (4,911) | 36,710 | (947) | 34,940 | (874) | 17,760 | (1,679) | 26,780 | (2,169) | |||||||||||
| Hispanic | 26,510 | (1,247) | 24,720 | (951) | 20,990 | (2,572) | 33,360 | (1,791) | 26,800 | (932) | 18,140 | (3,188) | 29,920 | (4,408) | 28,960 | (836) | 27,440 | (783) | 15,010 | (1,109) | 31,780 | (2,235) | |||||||||||
| Asian | 22,090 | (941) | 21,250 | (828) | 30,780 | (6,364) | 26,150 | (1,423) | 23,440 | (1,177) | 11,390 | (2,549) | ‡ | (†) | 27,470 | (1,181) | 24,580 | (952) | 20,780 | (2,365) | 36,790 | (4,277) | |||||||||||
| Pacific Islander | 27,920 | (2,715) | 25,610 | (1,856) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 28,620 | (4,297) | 29,890 | (3,493) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||||||
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 28,520 | (2,360) | 27,780 | (2,502) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 28,480 | (2,871) | 27,580 | (2,911) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||||||
| Two or more races | 26,920 | (2,054) | 25,030 | (1,867) | ‡ | (†) | 31,710 | (1,957) | 27,070 | (1,613) | 13,850 | (2,336) | ‡ | (†) | 32,040 | (1,184) | 29,460 | (1,014) | 15,650 | (1,733) | 43,260 | (4,199) | |||||||||||
| Other2 | 24,630 | (2,093) | 23,170 | (2,068) | ‡ | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | † | (†) | |||||||||||
| Dependency status | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dependent | 25,690 | (335) | 23,740 | (269) | 23,830 | (1,020) | 29,470 | (650) | 23,020 | (323) | 16,610 | (1,037) | 32,120 | (1,770) | 28,890 | (305) | 24,230 | (215) | 23,030 | (621) | 39,720 | (1,130) | |||||||||||
| Independent | 27,520 | (486) | 26,650 | (456) | 14,420 | (1,218) | 37,350 | (721) | 32,490 | (544) | 14,210 | (1,022) | 27,200 | (4,944) | 35,990 | (701) | 34,560 | (634) | 15,370 | (685) | 24,210 | (1,357) | |||||||||||
| Institution control | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Public | 24,630 | (353) | 23,860 | (323) | 17,620 | (835) | 28,980 | (513) | 24,900 | (380) | 12,890 | (702) | 23,130 | (1,220) | 29,070 | (300) | 26,990 | (254) | 17,020 | (659) | 29,720 | (1,069) | |||||||||||
| Private nonprofit | 29,800 | (567) | 27,060 | (476) | 27,270 | (1,230) | 36,520 | (1,335) | 27,820 | (671) | 20,760 | (1,920) | 41,970 | (4,226) | 34,430 | (490) | 28,790 | (358) | 25,740 | (827) | 45,280 | (2,001) | |||||||||||
| Private for-profit | 36,530 | (1,829) | 35,200 | (1,763) | ‡ | (†) | 45,260 | (902) | 39,430 | (691) | 13,420 | (1,030) | 29,000 | (2,833) | 44,610 | (1,718) | 42,260 | (1,407) | 16,690 | (1,145) | 34,430 | (2,500) | |||||||||||
| †Not applicable. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| !Interpret data with caution. The coefficient of variation (CV) for this estimate is between 30 and 50 percent. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ‡Reporting standards not met. Either there are too few cases for a reliable estimate or the coefficient of variation (CV) is 50 percent or greater. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 Parent PLUS Loans are taken out by parents of dependent students and are used toward the students' undergraduate education. Parent PLUS Loans were available through both the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program and the Federal Family Education Loan Program (FFELP) until FFELP was discontinued in 2010. Since then, Parent PLUS Loans have been referred to as Direct PLUS Loans. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2 The 2012 and 2016 questionnaires did not offer students the option of choosing an "Other" race category. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3 Average loan amounts were calculated only for students who took out each type of loan (or whose parents took out a PLUS Loan on their behalf). | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 4 Constant dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, adjusted to a school-year basis. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NOTE: Race categories exclude persons of Hispanic ethnicity. Data exclude students attending institutions in Puerto Rico. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 1999–2000, 2011–12, and 2015-16 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:2000, NPSAS:12, and NPSAS:16). (This table was prepared August 2020.) |
