Table 314.10.

Total and full-time-equivalent (FTE) staff and FTE student/FTE staff ratios in postsecondary institutions participating in Title IV aid programs, by degree-granting status, control of institution, and primary occupation: Fall 1999, fall 2009, and fall 2019

Degree-granting status, control of institution, and primary occupation	Fall 1999				Fall 2009				Fall 2019
	Total		Full-time-equivalent (FTE)		Total		Full-time-equivalent (FTE)		Total		Full-time-equivalent (FTE)
	Number	Per-cent	Total	FTE stu-dents per FTE staff	Number	Per-cent	Total	FTE stu-dents per FTE staff	Number	Per-cent	Total	FTE stu-dents per FTE staff
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13
All Title IV institutions	2,964,535	100.0	2,299,290	4.9	3,795,744	100.0	2,885,823	5.5	4,018,877	100.0	3,093,336	4.9
Faculty (instruction/research/     public service)	1,072,202	36.2	765,284	14.8	1,476,716	38.9	992,148	16.0	1,580,498	39.3	1,100,668	13.7
Graduate assistants	242,525	8.2	80,842	139.8	343,204	9.0	114,401	138.6	384,733	9.6	128,244	117.6
Other staff	1,649,808	55.7	1,453,164	7.8	1,975,824	52.1	1,779,273	8.9	2,053,646	51.1	1,864,424	8.1
Degree-granting institutions
Total	2,902,479	100.0	2,252,050	4.9	3,724,661	100.0	2,829,757	5.4	3,958,330	100.0	3,046,477	4.8
Faculty (instruction/research/     public service)	1,037,529	35.7	741,426	14.8	1,439,074	38.6	965,793	15.9	1,548,726	39.1	1,078,742	13.7
Graduate assistants	240,995	8.3	80,332	136.6	343,204	9.2	114,401	134.4	384,733	9.7	128,244	115.2
Other staff	1,623,955	56.0	1,430,292	7.7	1,942,383	52.1	1,749,563	8.8	2,024,871	51.2	1,839,490	8.0
Public	1,999,704	100.0	1,524,881	5.3	2,442,693	100.0	1,832,312	5.9	2,614,408	100.0	1,995,487	5.3
Faculty (instruction/research/      public service)	718,585	35.9	511,400	15.8	913,788	37.4	623,675	17.2	984,040	37.6	695,337	15.1
Graduate assistants	201,611	10.1	67,204	119.9	275,878	11.3	91,959	116.9	299,245	11.4	99,748	105.1
Other staff	1,079,508	54.0	946,277	8.5	1,253,027	51.3	1,116,678	9.6	1,331,123	50.9	1,200,402	8.7
Private nonprofit	847,615	100.0	688,914	3.7	1,074,042	100.0	856,067	3.7	1,231,405	100.0	977,236	3.6
Faculty (instruction/research/      public service)	288,663	34.1	213,130	11.9	408,382	38.0	287,116	11.1	495,817	40.3	349,947	10.1
Graduate assistants	37,421	4.4	12,474	203.8	67,057	6.2	22,352	142.3	85,125	6.9	28,375	124.3
Other staff	521,531	61.5	463,310	5.5	598,603	55.7	546,599	5.8	650,463	52.8	598,914	5.9
Private for-profit	55,160	100.0	38,255	9.8	207,926	100.0	141,378	10.3	112,517	100.0	73,754	10.3
Faculty (instruction/research/      public service)	30,281	54.9	16,896	22.1	116,904	56.2	55,002	26.4	68,869	61.2	33,458	22.6
Graduate assistants	1,963	3.6	654	570.3	269	0.1	90	16,188.6	363	0.3	121	6,263.1
Other staff	22,916	41.5	20,705	18.0	90,753	43.6	86,286	16.8	43,285	38.5	40,174	18.9
Non-degree-granting institutions1
Total	62,056	100.0	47,239	6.9	71,083	100.0	56,066	8.5	60,547	100.0	46,860	6.5
Faculty (instruction/research/     public service)	34,673	55.9	23,858	13.7	37,642	53.0	26,355	18.1	31,772	52.5	21,926	13.8
Graduate assistants	1,530	2.5	510	641.0	0	0.0	0	†	0	0.0	0	†
Other staff	25,853	41.7	22,872	14.3	33,441	47.0	29,710	16.1	28,775	47.5	24,934	12.2
Public	29,220	100.0	21,583	5.8	21,599	100.0	15,728	6.0	22,350	100.0	16,277	4.7
Faculty (instruction/research/      public service)	18,085	61.9	12,040	10.4	13,266	61.4	8,510	11.0	11,964	53.5	7,533	10.2
Graduate assistants	487	1.7	162	774.0	0	0.0	0	†	0	0.0	0	†
Other staff	10,648	36.4	9,380	13.4	8,333	38.6	7,218	13.0	10,386	46.5	8,743	8.8
Private nonprofit	4,712	100.0	3,677	6.4	5,087	100.0	4,141	5.7	3,100	100.0	2,425	5.5
Faculty (instruction/research/      public service)	2,365	50.2	1,674	14.0	2,442	48.0	1,834	12.8	1,534	49.5	1,121	11.9
Graduate assistants	78	1.7	26	902.1	0	0.0	0	†	0	0.0	0	†
Other staff	2,269	48.2	1,976	11.9	2,645	52.0	2,307	10.2	1,566	50.5	1,304	10.2
Private for-profit	28,124	100.0	21,980	8.1	44,397	100.0	36,197	9.9	35,097	100.0	28,158	7.6
Faculty (instruction/research/      public service)	14,223	50.6	10,143	17.5	21,934	49.4	16,011	22.5	18,274	52.1	13,271	16.0
Graduate assistants	965	3.4	322	552.8	0	0.0	0	†	0	0.0	0	†
Other staff	12,936	46.0	11,515	15.4	22,463	50.6	20,186	17.8	16,823	47.9	14,886	14.3

†Not applicable.

1 Includes some non-degree-granting institutions transitioning to higher level program offerings, though still classified at a lower level.

NOTE: Data in this table represent the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Degree-granting institutions grant associate’s or higher degrees and participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs. Non-degree-granting institutions do not offer accredited 4-year or 2-year degree programs, but participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs. Full-time-equivalent staff is the full-time staff, plus the full-time equivalent of the part-time staff. Data for 2009 and 2019 include institutions with fewer than 15 full-time employees; these institutions did not report staff data prior to 2007. By definition, all graduate assistants are part time. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), "Fall Enrollment Survey" (IPEDS-EF:99) and "Fall Staff Survey" (IPEDS-S:99); IPEDS Spring 2010 and Spring 2020, Fall Enrollment component; IPEDS Winter 2009-10, Human Resources Component, Fall Staff Section; and IPEDS Spring 2020, Human Resources component, Fall Staff section. (This table was prepared March 2021.)