Table 236.60.

Total and current expenditures per pupil in fall enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by function and subfunction: Selected years, 1990-91 through 2017-18

Function and subfunction	Expenditures per pupil in unadjusted dollars1										Expenditures per pupil in constant 2019-20 dollars2
	1990-91		2000-01	2009-10	2010-11	2013-14	2014-15	2015-16	2016-17	2017-18	1990-91		2000-01	2009-10	2010-11	2013-14	2014-15	2015-16	2016-17	2017-18
1	2		3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11		12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19
Total expenditures	$5,484		$8,572	$12,133	$12,054	$12,335	$12,796	$13,299	$13,834	$14,364	$10,533		$12,593	$14,400	$14,025	$13,504	$13,907	$14,357	$14,664	$14,891
Current expenditures for     public schools	4,902		7,380	10,636	10,663	11,066	11,445	11,842	12,260	12,654	9,416		10,842	12,623	12,406	12,115	12,439	12,784	12,996	13,118
Salaries	3,220	3	4,752	6,366	6,300	6,372	6,530	6,748	6,927	7,080	6,186	3	6,981	7,555	7,330	6,976	7,097	7,285	7,343	7,340
Employee benefits	824	3	1,228	2,199	2,260	2,472	2,603	2,717	2,879	3,034	1,582	3	1,804	2,610	2,629	2,707	2,829	2,933	3,052	3,146
Purchased services	397	3	673	1,053	1,082	1,163	1,216	1,283	1,326	1,404	763	3	989	1,250	1,259	1,273	1,321	1,385	1,406	1,455
Tuition	29	3	52	96	101	106	111	114	121	130	56	3	77	114	117	116	120	123	129	135
Supplies	359	3	599	818	817	858	871	869	886	898	690	3	880	970	951	939	947	939	940	931
Other	72	3	76	104	103	95	114	111	120	107	139	3	111	124	120	105	124	120	127	111
Instruction	2,965		4,541	6,511	6,522	6,726	6,951	7,212	7,445	7,676	5,696		6,671	7,728	7,588	7,364	7,555	7,786	7,892	7,958
Salaries	2,202		3,273	4,347	4,307	4,344	4,437	4,578	4,687	4,775	4,229		4,809	5,159	5,011	4,756	4,822	4,942	4,969	4,951
Employee benefits	542		837	1,481	1,522	1,678	1,767	1,843	1,947	2,053	1,041		1,230	1,757	1,770	1,837	1,921	1,990	2,064	2,128
Purchased services	66		136	281	297	303	329	358	366	391	127		200	333	346	332	358	387	388	405
Tuition	29		52	96	101	106	111	114	121	130	56		77	114	117	116	120	123	129	135
Supplies	111		220	277	266	267	280	290	295	298	214		323	329	309	292	304	313	313	309
Textbooks	---		---	52	47	46	49	50	52	55	---		---	61	55	51	53	54	55	57
Other	15		22	29	30	28	27	28	28	29	30		32	35	35	30	30	31	30	30
Student support4	217		366	591	594	615	644	676	712	751	416		538	701	691	673	700	729	755	779
Salaries	159		262	393	392	396	411	429	447	466	306		385	467	456	434	447	463	474	483
Employee benefits	40		64	128	132	146	157	166	181	195	77		94	152	154	160	170	179	192	202
Purchased services	11		28	50	52	57	60	64	67	72	21		41	60	61	62	65	69	71	75
Supplies	5		9	11	11	11	12	12	13	13	9		13	13	12	12	13	13	14	14
Other	1		3	7	7	4	4	4	4	5	2		5	9	9	4	5	5	5	5
Instructional staff     support5	205		337	509	503	507	536	556	578	604	395		496	604	586	555	583	601	612	626
Salaries	135		207	301	293	294	308	319	331	341	259		305	357	341	321	335	345	351	353
Employee benefits	34		50	98	100	105	112	117	126	135	66		73	116	116	115	122	126	133	140
Purchased services	15		42	69	70	69	73	78	79	85	29		62	81	81	75	79	85	83	88
Supplies	19		33	37	37	36	39	37	38	39	36		49	44	43	39	42	40	40	40
Other	2		4	5	4	4	4	4	4	5	5		7	5	5	4	5	5	5	5
General administration	141		151	211	212	222	229	239	242	248	270		221	251	247	243	249	258	257	257
Salaries	63		71	90	89	92	94	97	100	102	121		104	107	104	101	103	105	106	105
Employee benefits	19		21	37	38	38	41	41	44	46	36		31	43	44	42	44	45	47	48
Purchased services	36		44	64	65	72	74	80	76	76	69		65	76	76	78	81	87	80	79
Supplies	4		4	5	5	5	5	5	5	6	8		6	6	5	5	5	6	6	6
Other	18		10	16	16	15	15	15	16	18	35		14	19	18	17	17	17	17	19
School administration	284		415	579	580	608	632	659	685	719	545		609	687	674	666	687	712	726	746
Salaries	217		314	413	408	423	436	452	466	485	416		461	490	475	463	474	488	494	503
Employee benefits	55		78	136	141	154	163	171	183	199	105		115	162	164	169	177	185	194	206
Purchased services	6		13	19	19	19	21	23	23	22	12		19	22	22	21	23	25	24	23
Supplies	5		8	9	9	9	9	9	10	10	9		11	10	10	10	10	10	10	10
Other	2		2	3	3	3	3	3	4	4	3		3	3	3	4	4	4	4	4
Operation and maintenance	517		721	1,014	1,015	1,061	1,078	1,093	1,140	1,174	992		1,059	1,203	1,181	1,161	1,172	1,180	1,209	1,217
Salaries	215		285	364	356	357	362	372	382	376	412		419	432	414	391	394	402	405	390
Employee benefits	64		80	143	146	154	160	165	174	174	123		118	169	169	168	173	178	185	181
Purchased services	139		204	265	270	300	309	316	337	369	267		300	315	314	329	335	341	358	382
Supplies	91		146	233	235	241	240	233	239	247	175		214	276	274	264	260	251	253	256
Other	8		6	9	9	8	8	8	8	8	15		9	11	10	9	9	8	8	8
Student transportation	211		298	442	452	477	477	483	502	518	404		437	525	526	522	518	522	532	537
Salaries	80		115	155	152	154	157	163	169	173	153		168	184	177	168	171	176	179	180
Employee benefits	22		34	62	63	66	68	72	75	73	42		50	73	74	72	74	77	80	75
Purchased services	81		122	182	185	198	200	206	214	224	156		180	216	215	217	218	223	227	232
Supplies	23		25	40	48	54	47	37	39	43	45		36	47	56	59	51	40	41	45
Other	5		3	4	4	5	5	5	5	5	9		4	4	5	5	5	5	5	6
Other support services6	136		242	348	349	381	415	429	455	456	260		356	414	406	417	452	463	482	473
Salaries	70		117	165	165	172	181	190	196	207	135		172	196	191	189	197	205	207	215
Employee benefits	24		34	64	67	74	78	81	85	94	46		50	75	78	81	85	87	91	97
Purchased services	19		59	79	78	93	97	102	108	106	37		87	94	91	102	105	110	114	110
Supplies	7		13	17	18	22	23	25	26	26	14		20	21	21	24	25	27	28	27
Other	15		19	23	21	19	37	32	40	23	29		28	27	25	21	40	34	42	24
Food services	205		293	405	412	447	459	470	477	481	393		430	481	480	489	499	507	506	499
Salaries	---		105	131	131	134	137	141	143	148	---		155	156	153	147	149	152	151	154
Employee benefits	---		29	49	50	55	56	58	60	64	---		43	58	59	60	61	63	64	66
Purchased services	---		20	39	42	47	49	51	53	55	---		29	46	48	51	53	55	56	57
Supplies	---		136	181	184	207	211	214	215	209	---		200	215	215	226	230	231	228	216
Other	---		3	5	5	5	6	6	6	6	---		4	6	6	5	6	6	6	6
Enterprise operations7	23		16	25	22	23	22	24	25	25	44		24	30	26	25	24	26	26	26
Salaries	---		3	7	7	6	6	7	7	7	---		4	8	8	7	7	7	7	7
Employee benefits	---		1	2	2	2	2	2	3	3	---		1	2	2	2	3	3	3	3
Purchased services	---		4	5	3	4	4	4	4	4	---		6	6	4	4	4	4	4	4
Supplies	---		5	7	6	6	6	6	7	6	---		8	9	7	7	6	7	7	7
Other	---		4	4	4	4	4	5	4	4	---		6	5	5	5	5	5	5	5
Capital outlay8	477		976	1,148	1,029	926	1,004	1,109	1,210	1,328	916		1,434	1,362	1,197	1,013	1,091	1,197	1,283	1,376
Interest on school debt	105		215	349	363	343	348	348	363	383	202		316	415	422	375	378	375	385	397

---Not available.

1 Unadjusted (or "current") dollars have not been adjusted to compensate for inflation.

2 Constant dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, adjusted to a school-year basis.

3 Includes estimated data for subfunctions of food services and enterprise operations.

4 Includes expenditures for guidance, health, attendance, and speech pathology services.

5 Includes expenditures for curriculum development, staff training, libraries, and media and computer centers.

6 Includes business support services concerned with paying, transporting, exchanging, and maintaining goods and services for local education agencies; central support services, including planning, research, evaluation, information, staff, and data processing services; and other support services.

7 Includes expenditures for operations funded by sales of products or services (e.g., school bookstore or computer time).

8 Includes expenditures for property and for buildings and alterations completed by school district staff or contractors.

NOTE: Data in this table represent the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Excludes expenditures for state education agencies. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Some data have been revised from previously published figures.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), "National Public Education Financial Survey," 1990-91 through 2017-18. (This table was prepared September 2020.)