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2020 Tables and Figures | All Years of Tables and Figures | Most Recent Full Issue of the Digest |
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Table 236.60. | Total and current expenditures per pupil in fall enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by function and subfunction: Selected years, 1990-91 through 2017-18 |
Function and subfunction | Expenditures per pupil in unadjusted dollars1 | Expenditures per pupil in constant 2019-20 dollars2 | ||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1990-91 | 2000-01 | 2009-10 | 2010-11 | 2013-14 | 2014-15 | 2015-16 | 2016-17 | 2017-18 | 1990-91 | 2000-01 | 2009-10 | 2010-11 | 2013-14 | 2014-15 | 2015-16 | 2016-17 | 2017-18 | |||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | ||
Total expenditures | $5,484 | $8,572 | $12,133 | $12,054 | $12,335 | $12,796 | $13,299 | $13,834 | $14,364 | $10,533 | $12,593 | $14,400 | $14,025 | $13,504 | $13,907 | $14,357 | $14,664 | $14,891 | ||
Current expenditures for public schools |
4,902 | 7,380 | 10,636 | 10,663 | 11,066 | 11,445 | 11,842 | 12,260 | 12,654 | 9,416 | 10,842 | 12,623 | 12,406 | 12,115 | 12,439 | 12,784 | 12,996 | 13,118 | ||
Salaries |
3,220 | 3 | 4,752 | 6,366 | 6,300 | 6,372 | 6,530 | 6,748 | 6,927 | 7,080 | 6,186 | 3 | 6,981 | 7,555 | 7,330 | 6,976 | 7,097 | 7,285 | 7,343 | 7,340 |
Employee benefits | 824 | 3 | 1,228 | 2,199 | 2,260 | 2,472 | 2,603 | 2,717 | 2,879 | 3,034 | 1,582 | 3 | 1,804 | 2,610 | 2,629 | 2,707 | 2,829 | 2,933 | 3,052 | 3,146 |
Purchased services | 397 | 3 | 673 | 1,053 | 1,082 | 1,163 | 1,216 | 1,283 | 1,326 | 1,404 | 763 | 3 | 989 | 1,250 | 1,259 | 1,273 | 1,321 | 1,385 | 1,406 | 1,455 |
Tuition | 29 | 3 | 52 | 96 | 101 | 106 | 111 | 114 | 121 | 130 | 56 | 3 | 77 | 114 | 117 | 116 | 120 | 123 | 129 | 135 |
Supplies | 359 | 3 | 599 | 818 | 817 | 858 | 871 | 869 | 886 | 898 | 690 | 3 | 880 | 970 | 951 | 939 | 947 | 939 | 940 | 931 |
Other | 72 | 3 | 76 | 104 | 103 | 95 | 114 | 111 | 120 | 107 | 139 | 3 | 111 | 124 | 120 | 105 | 124 | 120 | 127 | 111 |
Instruction |
2,965 | 4,541 | 6,511 | 6,522 | 6,726 | 6,951 | 7,212 | 7,445 | 7,676 | 5,696 | 6,671 | 7,728 | 7,588 | 7,364 | 7,555 | 7,786 | 7,892 | 7,958 | ||
Salaries | 2,202 | 3,273 | 4,347 | 4,307 | 4,344 | 4,437 | 4,578 | 4,687 | 4,775 | 4,229 | 4,809 | 5,159 | 5,011 | 4,756 | 4,822 | 4,942 | 4,969 | 4,951 | ||
Employee benefits | 542 | 837 | 1,481 | 1,522 | 1,678 | 1,767 | 1,843 | 1,947 | 2,053 | 1,041 | 1,230 | 1,757 | 1,770 | 1,837 | 1,921 | 1,990 | 2,064 | 2,128 | ||
Purchased services | 66 | 136 | 281 | 297 | 303 | 329 | 358 | 366 | 391 | 127 | 200 | 333 | 346 | 332 | 358 | 387 | 388 | 405 | ||
Tuition | 29 | 52 | 96 | 101 | 106 | 111 | 114 | 121 | 130 | 56 | 77 | 114 | 117 | 116 | 120 | 123 | 129 | 135 | ||
Supplies | 111 | 220 | 277 | 266 | 267 | 280 | 290 | 295 | 298 | 214 | 323 | 329 | 309 | 292 | 304 | 313 | 313 | 309 | ||
Textbooks | --- | --- | 52 | 47 | 46 | 49 | 50 | 52 | 55 | --- | --- | 61 | 55 | 51 | 53 | 54 | 55 | 57 | ||
Other | 15 | 22 | 29 | 30 | 28 | 27 | 28 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 32 | 35 | 35 | 30 | 30 | 31 | 30 | 30 | ||
Student support4 |
217 | 366 | 591 | 594 | 615 | 644 | 676 | 712 | 751 | 416 | 538 | 701 | 691 | 673 | 700 | 729 | 755 | 779 | ||
Salaries | 159 | 262 | 393 | 392 | 396 | 411 | 429 | 447 | 466 | 306 | 385 | 467 | 456 | 434 | 447 | 463 | 474 | 483 | ||
Employee benefits | 40 | 64 | 128 | 132 | 146 | 157 | 166 | 181 | 195 | 77 | 94 | 152 | 154 | 160 | 170 | 179 | 192 | 202 | ||
Purchased services | 11 | 28 | 50 | 52 | 57 | 60 | 64 | 67 | 72 | 21 | 41 | 60 | 61 | 62 | 65 | 69 | 71 | 75 | ||
Supplies | 5 | 9 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 9 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 14 | 14 | ||
Other | 1 | 3 | 7 | 7 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 9 | 9 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | ||
Instructional staff support5 |
205 | 337 | 509 | 503 | 507 | 536 | 556 | 578 | 604 | 395 | 496 | 604 | 586 | 555 | 583 | 601 | 612 | 626 | ||
Salaries | 135 | 207 | 301 | 293 | 294 | 308 | 319 | 331 | 341 | 259 | 305 | 357 | 341 | 321 | 335 | 345 | 351 | 353 | ||
Employee benefits | 34 | 50 | 98 | 100 | 105 | 112 | 117 | 126 | 135 | 66 | 73 | 116 | 116 | 115 | 122 | 126 | 133 | 140 | ||
Purchased services | 15 | 42 | 69 | 70 | 69 | 73 | 78 | 79 | 85 | 29 | 62 | 81 | 81 | 75 | 79 | 85 | 83 | 88 | ||
Supplies | 19 | 33 | 37 | 37 | 36 | 39 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 36 | 49 | 44 | 43 | 39 | 42 | 40 | 40 | 40 | ||
Other | 2 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 7 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | ||
General administration |
141 | 151 | 211 | 212 | 222 | 229 | 239 | 242 | 248 | 270 | 221 | 251 | 247 | 243 | 249 | 258 | 257 | 257 | ||
Salaries | 63 | 71 | 90 | 89 | 92 | 94 | 97 | 100 | 102 | 121 | 104 | 107 | 104 | 101 | 103 | 105 | 106 | 105 | ||
Employee benefits | 19 | 21 | 37 | 38 | 38 | 41 | 41 | 44 | 46 | 36 | 31 | 43 | 44 | 42 | 44 | 45 | 47 | 48 | ||
Purchased services | 36 | 44 | 64 | 65 | 72 | 74 | 80 | 76 | 76 | 69 | 65 | 76 | 76 | 78 | 81 | 87 | 80 | 79 | ||
Supplies | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 8 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 6 | ||
Other | 18 | 10 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 16 | 18 | 35 | 14 | 19 | 18 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 19 | ||
School administration |
284 | 415 | 579 | 580 | 608 | 632 | 659 | 685 | 719 | 545 | 609 | 687 | 674 | 666 | 687 | 712 | 726 | 746 | ||
Salaries | 217 | 314 | 413 | 408 | 423 | 436 | 452 | 466 | 485 | 416 | 461 | 490 | 475 | 463 | 474 | 488 | 494 | 503 | ||
Employee benefits | 55 | 78 | 136 | 141 | 154 | 163 | 171 | 183 | 199 | 105 | 115 | 162 | 164 | 169 | 177 | 185 | 194 | 206 | ||
Purchased services | 6 | 13 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 21 | 23 | 23 | 22 | 12 | 19 | 22 | 22 | 21 | 23 | 25 | 24 | 23 | ||
Supplies | 5 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | ||
Other | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | ||
Operation and maintenance |
517 | 721 | 1,014 | 1,015 | 1,061 | 1,078 | 1,093 | 1,140 | 1,174 | 992 | 1,059 | 1,203 | 1,181 | 1,161 | 1,172 | 1,180 | 1,209 | 1,217 | ||
Salaries | 215 | 285 | 364 | 356 | 357 | 362 | 372 | 382 | 376 | 412 | 419 | 432 | 414 | 391 | 394 | 402 | 405 | 390 | ||
Employee benefits | 64 | 80 | 143 | 146 | 154 | 160 | 165 | 174 | 174 | 123 | 118 | 169 | 169 | 168 | 173 | 178 | 185 | 181 | ||
Purchased services | 139 | 204 | 265 | 270 | 300 | 309 | 316 | 337 | 369 | 267 | 300 | 315 | 314 | 329 | 335 | 341 | 358 | 382 | ||
Supplies | 91 | 146 | 233 | 235 | 241 | 240 | 233 | 239 | 247 | 175 | 214 | 276 | 274 | 264 | 260 | 251 | 253 | 256 | ||
Other | 8 | 6 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 15 | 9 | 11 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 8 | ||
Student transportation |
211 | 298 | 442 | 452 | 477 | 477 | 483 | 502 | 518 | 404 | 437 | 525 | 526 | 522 | 518 | 522 | 532 | 537 | ||
Salaries | 80 | 115 | 155 | 152 | 154 | 157 | 163 | 169 | 173 | 153 | 168 | 184 | 177 | 168 | 171 | 176 | 179 | 180 | ||
Employee benefits | 22 | 34 | 62 | 63 | 66 | 68 | 72 | 75 | 73 | 42 | 50 | 73 | 74 | 72 | 74 | 77 | 80 | 75 | ||
Purchased services | 81 | 122 | 182 | 185 | 198 | 200 | 206 | 214 | 224 | 156 | 180 | 216 | 215 | 217 | 218 | 223 | 227 | 232 | ||
Supplies | 23 | 25 | 40 | 48 | 54 | 47 | 37 | 39 | 43 | 45 | 36 | 47 | 56 | 59 | 51 | 40 | 41 | 45 | ||
Other | 5 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 9 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 | ||
Other support services6 |
136 | 242 | 348 | 349 | 381 | 415 | 429 | 455 | 456 | 260 | 356 | 414 | 406 | 417 | 452 | 463 | 482 | 473 | ||
Salaries | 70 | 117 | 165 | 165 | 172 | 181 | 190 | 196 | 207 | 135 | 172 | 196 | 191 | 189 | 197 | 205 | 207 | 215 | ||
Employee benefits | 24 | 34 | 64 | 67 | 74 | 78 | 81 | 85 | 94 | 46 | 50 | 75 | 78 | 81 | 85 | 87 | 91 | 97 | ||
Purchased services | 19 | 59 | 79 | 78 | 93 | 97 | 102 | 108 | 106 | 37 | 87 | 94 | 91 | 102 | 105 | 110 | 114 | 110 | ||
Supplies | 7 | 13 | 17 | 18 | 22 | 23 | 25 | 26 | 26 | 14 | 20 | 21 | 21 | 24 | 25 | 27 | 28 | 27 | ||
Other | 15 | 19 | 23 | 21 | 19 | 37 | 32 | 40 | 23 | 29 | 28 | 27 | 25 | 21 | 40 | 34 | 42 | 24 | ||
Food services |
205 | 293 | 405 | 412 | 447 | 459 | 470 | 477 | 481 | 393 | 430 | 481 | 480 | 489 | 499 | 507 | 506 | 499 | ||
Salaries | --- | 105 | 131 | 131 | 134 | 137 | 141 | 143 | 148 | --- | 155 | 156 | 153 | 147 | 149 | 152 | 151 | 154 | ||
Employee benefits | --- | 29 | 49 | 50 | 55 | 56 | 58 | 60 | 64 | --- | 43 | 58 | 59 | 60 | 61 | 63 | 64 | 66 | ||
Purchased services | --- | 20 | 39 | 42 | 47 | 49 | 51 | 53 | 55 | --- | 29 | 46 | 48 | 51 | 53 | 55 | 56 | 57 | ||
Supplies | --- | 136 | 181 | 184 | 207 | 211 | 214 | 215 | 209 | --- | 200 | 215 | 215 | 226 | 230 | 231 | 228 | 216 | ||
Other | --- | 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | --- | 4 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | ||
Enterprise operations7 |
23 | 16 | 25 | 22 | 23 | 22 | 24 | 25 | 25 | 44 | 24 | 30 | 26 | 25 | 24 | 26 | 26 | 26 | ||
Salaries | --- | 3 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 7 | --- | 4 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | ||
Employee benefits | --- | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | --- | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | ||
Purchased services | --- | 4 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | --- | 6 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | ||
Supplies | --- | 5 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 6 | --- | 8 | 9 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 7 | ||
Other | --- | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | --- | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | ||
Capital outlay8 |
477 | 976 | 1,148 | 1,029 | 926 | 1,004 | 1,109 | 1,210 | 1,328 | 916 | 1,434 | 1,362 | 1,197 | 1,013 | 1,091 | 1,197 | 1,283 | 1,376 | ||
Interest on school debt |
105 | 215 | 349 | 363 | 343 | 348 | 348 | 363 | 383 | 202 | 316 | 415 | 422 | 375 | 378 | 375 | 385 | 397 |
---Not available. | ||||||||||||||||||||
1 Unadjusted (or "current") dollars have not been adjusted to compensate for inflation. | ||||||||||||||||||||
2 Constant dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, adjusted to a school-year basis. | ||||||||||||||||||||
3 Includes estimated data for subfunctions of food services and enterprise operations. | ||||||||||||||||||||
4 Includes expenditures for guidance, health, attendance, and speech pathology services. | ||||||||||||||||||||
5 Includes expenditures for curriculum development, staff training, libraries, and media and computer centers. | ||||||||||||||||||||
6 Includes business support services concerned with paying, transporting, exchanging, and maintaining goods and services for local education agencies; central support services, including planning, research, evaluation, information, staff, and data processing services; and other support services. | ||||||||||||||||||||
7 Includes expenditures for operations funded by sales of products or services (e.g., school bookstore or computer time). | ||||||||||||||||||||
8 Includes expenditures for property and for buildings and alterations completed by school district staff or contractors. | ||||||||||||||||||||
NOTE: Data in this table represent the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Excludes expenditures for state education agencies. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. | ||||||||||||||||||||
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), "National Public Education Financial Survey," 1990-91 through 2017-18. (This table was prepared September 2020.) |