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| Table 233.50. | Percentage of public schools with various safety and security measures: Selected years, 1999-2000 through 2017-18 |
| [Standard errors appear in parentheses] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| School safety and security measures | 1999-2000 | 2003-04 | 2005-06 | 2007-08 | 2009-10 | 2013-141 | 2015-16 | 2017-18 | ||||||||||||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||
| Controlled access during school hours | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Buildings (e.g., locked or monitored doors, loading docks)2 | 74.6 | (1.35) | 83.0 | (1.04) | 84.9 | (0.89) | 89.5 | (0.80) | 91.7 | (0.80) | 93.3 | (0.95) | 94.1 | (0.64) | 95.4 | (0.52) | ||||||||
| Grounds (e.g., locked or monitored gates) | 33.7 | (1.26) | 36.2 | (1.08) | 41.1 | (1.25) | 42.6 | (1.41) | 46.0 | (1.26) | 42.7 | (1.53) | 49.9 | (1.53) | 50.8 | (1.38) | ||||||||
| Visitors required to sign or check in and wear badges3 | 96.6 | (0.54) | 98.3 | (0.40) | 97.6 | (0.42) | 98.7 | (0.37) | 99.3 | (0.27) | 98.6 | (0.49) | 93.5 | (0.69) | 94.6 | (0.65) | ||||||||
| Classrooms equipped with locks so that doors can be locked from inside |
--- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 66.7 | (1.34) | 64.8 | (1.01) | ||||||||
| Student dress, IDs, and school supplies | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Required students to wear uniforms | 11.8 | (0.82) | 13.8 | (0.85) | 13.8 | (0.78) | 17.5 | (0.70) | 18.9 | (1.02) | 20.4 | (1.27) | 21.5 | (1.36) | 19.8 | (0.87) | ||||||||
| Enforced a strict dress code | 47.4 | (1.50) | 55.1 | (1.24) | 55.3 | (1.18) | 54.8 | (1.20) | 56.9 | (1.56) | 58.5 | (1.60) | 53.1 | (1.22) | 48.8 | (1.32) | ||||||||
| Required students to wear badges or picture IDs | 3.9 | (0.32) | 6.4 | (0.64) | 6.2 | (0.47) | 7.6 | (0.60) | 6.9 | (0.57) | 8.9 | (0.81) | 7.0 | (0.53) | 9.2 | (0.60) | ||||||||
| Required faculty and staff to wear badges or picture IDs |
25.4 | (1.39) | 48.0 | (1.21) | 47.9 | (1.12) | 58.3 | (1.37) | 62.9 | (1.14) | 68.0 | (1.65) | 67.9 | (1.36) | 69.9 | (1.18) | ||||||||
| Required clear book bags or banned book bags on school grounds |
5.9 | (0.50) | 6.2 | (0.63) | 6.4 | (0.43) | 6.0 | (0.48) | 5.5 | (0.53) | 6.3 | (0.81) | 3.9 | (0.44) | 3.5 | (0.42) | ||||||||
| Provided school lockers to students | 46.5 | (1.07) | 49.5 | (1.24) | 50.5 | (1.08) | 48.9 | (1.17) | 52.1 | (1.10) | 49.9 | (1.35) | 50.4 | (1.24) | 49.0 | (1.25) | ||||||||
| Drug testing | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Students participating in athletics or other extracurricular activities4 |
--- | (†) | 4.3 | (0.44) | 5.0 | (0.46) | 6.6 | (0.53) | 6.2 | (0.51) | 6.7 | (0.61) | 7.7 | (0.57) | 8.9 | (0.57) | ||||||||
| Athletes | --- | (†) | 4.2 | (0.44) | 5.0 | (0.46) | 6.4 | (0.48) | 6.0 | (0.52) | 6.6 | (0.59) | 7.2 | (0.55) | --- | (†) | ||||||||
| Students in extracurricular activities (other than athletes) |
--- | (†) | 2.6 | (0.37) | 3.4 | (0.32) | 4.5 | (0.51) | 4.6 | (0.47) | 4.3 | (0.47) | 6.0 | (0.53) | --- | (†) | ||||||||
| Any other students | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 3.0 | (0.34) | 3.0 | (0.42) | 3.0 | (0.26) | 3.5 | (0.44) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | ||||||||
| Metal detectors, dogs, and sweeps | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Random metal detector checks on students | 7.2 | (0.54) | 5.6 | (0.55) | 4.9 | (0.40) | 5.3 | (0.37) | 5.2 | (0.42) | 4.2 | (0.48) | 4.5 | (0.48) | 4.9 | (0.49) | ||||||||
| Metal detector checks on students every day5 | 0.9 | (0.16) | 1.1 | (0.16) | 1.1 | (0.18) | 1.3 | (0.20) | 1.4 | (0.24) | 2.0 | (0.40) | 1.8 | (0.32) | 2.2 | (0.35) | ||||||||
| Random sweeps (e.g., locker checks, dog sniffs) for contraband (e.g., drugs or weapons)6 |
25.3 | (0.77) | 26.6 | (0.73) | 28.0 | (0.89) | 26.3 | (0.77) | 27.7 | (0.86) | 28.2 | (1.02) | 28.2 | (0.89) | 27.4 | (0.88) | ||||||||
| Random dog sniffs to check for drugs | 20.6 | (0.75) | 21.3 | (0.77) | 23.0 | (0.79) | 21.5 | (0.59) | 22.9 | (0.71) | 24.1 | (0.97) | 24.6 | (0.85) | --- | (†) | ||||||||
| Random sweeps (not including dog sniffs) for contraband | 11.8 | (0.54) | 12.8 | (0.58) | 13.1 | (0.76) | 11.4 | (0.71) | 12.1 | (0.68) | 11.4 | (0.86) | 11.9 | (0.78) | --- | (†) | ||||||||
| Communication systems and technology | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Provided telephones in most classrooms | 44.6 | (1.80) | 60.8 | (1.48) | 66.9 | (1.30) | 71.6 | (1.16) | 74.0 | (1.13) | 78.7 | (1.34) | 79.3 | (1.14) | --- | (†) | ||||||||
| Provided electronic notification system for schoolwide emergency |
--- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 43.2 | (1.26) | 63.1 | (1.40) | 81.6 | (1.12) | 73.0 | (1.35) | 71.6 | (1.17) | ||||||||
| Provided structured anonymous threat reporting system7 | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 31.2 | (1.22) | 35.9 | (1.19) | 46.5 | (1.63) | 43.9 | (1.58) | 49.3 | (1.32) | ||||||||
| Had silent alarms directly connected to law enforcement | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 27.1 | (1.23) | 29.1 | (1.15) | ||||||||
| Used security cameras to monitor the school | 19.4 | (0.88) | 36.0 | (1.28) | 42.8 | (1.29) | 55.0 | (1.37) | 61.1 | (1.16) | 75.1 | (1.31) | 80.6 | (0.96) | 83.5 | (1.09) | ||||||||
| Provided two-way radios to any staff | --- | (†) | 71.2 | (1.18) | 70.9 | (1.22) | 73.1 | (1.15) | 73.3 | (1.33) | 74.2 | (1.42) | 73.3 | (1.22) | 77.8 | (1.06) | ||||||||
| Limited access to social networking sites from school computers |
--- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 93.4 | (0.59) | 91.9 | (0.80) | 89.1 | (0.88) | --- | (†) | ||||||||
| Prohibited non-academic use of cell phones or smartphones during school hours8 |
--- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 90.9 | (0.67) | 75.9 | (1.07) | 65.8 | (1.36) | 70.3 | (1.30) | ||||||||
| ---Not available. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| †Not applicable. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 Data for 2013-14 were collected using the Fast Response Survey System (FRSS), while data for all other years were collected using the School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS). The 2013-14 FRSS survey was designed to allow comparisons with SSOCS data. However, all respondents to the 2013-14 survey could choose either to complete the survey on paper (and mail it back) or to complete the survey online, whereas all respondents to SSOCS had only the option of completing a paper survey prior to 2017-18, when SSOCS experimented with offering an online option to some respondents. The 2013-14 FRSS survey also relied on a smaller sample than SSOCS. The FRSS survey's smaller sample size and difference in survey administration may have impacted the 2013-14 results. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2 Prior to 2017-18, the examples of controlled access to buildings included only "locked or monitored doors" and did not include loading docks. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3 Prior to 2015-16, the questionnaire asked only if visitors were required "to sign or check in" and did not include the requirement to wear badges. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 4 In the 2017-18 questionnaire, a single item asked about drug testing "for students participating in athletics or other extracurricular activities." Prior to 2017-18, the questionnaire included one item about testing for athletes, followed by a separate item about testing for students in other extracurricular activities. For years prior to 2017-18, schools are included in this row if they answered "yes" to either or both of these items; each school is counted only once in this row, even if it answered "yes" to both items. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 5 The wording of this item was revised in 2015-16. Prior to 2015-16, the item asked whether students were required "to pass through metal detectors each day." | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 6 The 2017-18 questionnaire included only a single item about random sweeps for contraband, and it provided locker checks and dog sniffs as examples of types of sweeps. Prior to 2017-18, the questionnaire included one item about dog sniffs for drugs, followed by a separate item about sweeps not including dog sniffs. For years prior to 2017-18, schools are included in this row if they answered "yes" to either or both of these items; each school is counted only once in this row, even if it answered "yes" to both items. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 7 For example, a system for reporting threats through online submission, telephone hotline, or written submission via drop box. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 8 Prior to 2017-18, the questionnaire asked about prohibiting the "use of cell phones and text messaging devices during school hours." It did not refer to "non-academic" use or "smartphones." | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NOTE: Responses were provided by the principal or the person most knowledgeable about crime and safety issues at the school. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 1999–2000, 2003–04, 2005–06, 2007–08, 2009–10, 2015–16, and 2017–18 School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS), 2000, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2016, and 2018; and Fast Response Survey System (FRSS), "School Safety and Discipline: 2013-14," FRSS 106, 2014. (This table was prepared August 2019.) |