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| 2020 Tables and Figures | All Years of Tables and Figures | Most Recent Full Issue of the Digest |
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| Table 233.20. | Percentage of public school students in grades 6 through 12 who had ever been suspended or expelled, by race/ethnicity and sex: Selected years, 1993 through 2019 |
| [Standard errors appear in parentheses] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Race/ethnicity and sex | Ever suspended | Ever expelled | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1993 | 1996 | 1999 | 2003 | 2007 | 2012 | 2016 | 2019 | 1993 | 1996 | 1999 | 2003 | 2007 | 2012 | 2016 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 15.2 | (0.50) | 17.1 | (0.53) | 19.2 | (0.54) | 17.1 | (0.58) | 21.3 | (0.97) | 19.6 | (0.56) | 16.1 | (0.67) | 14.4 | (0.57) | 1.5 | (0.16) | 2.5 | (0.24) | 2.3 | (0.23) | 3.2 | (0.28) | 3.3 | (0.51) | 2.2 | (0.26) | 1.9 | (0.27) | 1.0 | (0.14) | ||||||||||||||||
Race/ethnicity |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| White | 10.9 | (0.69) | 14.0 | (0.59) | 15.3 | (0.62) | 14.3 | (0.71) | 15.4 | (0.98) | 15.6 | (0.69) | 12.9 | (0.70) | 12.3 | (0.62) | 0.7 | (0.11) | 1.5 | (0.24) | 1.4 | (0.23) | 2.4 | (0.30) | 1.0 | (0.19) | 1.8 | (0.22) | 1.3 | (0.22) | 1.0 | (0.25) | ||||||||||||||||
| Black | 32.5 | (2.31) | 32.3 | (1.79) | 34.5 | (1.50) | 27.5 | (1.94) | 41.9 | (3.32) | 38.9 | (2.26) | 32.6 | (2.86) | 29.6 | (2.09) | 4.4 | (0.70) | 5.8 | (0.73) | 5.9 | (0.92) | 7.1 | (0.98) | 12.2 | (2.73) | 4.8 | (1.28) | 4.7 | (0.99) | 1.4 | (0.43) | ||||||||||||||||
| Hispanic | 16.2 | (1.20) | 14.5 | (1.25) | 19.6 | (1.53) | 17.7 | (1.40) | 22.0 | (2.25) | 17.4 | (1.32) | 15.1 | (1.80) | 11.4 | (1.21) | 2.2 | (0.44) | 3.2 | (0.71) | 2.8 | (0.74) | 2.6 | (0.60) | 3.0 | ! | (0.96) | 2.0 | (0.41) | 1.8 | ! | (0.84) | 0.8 | ! | (0.24) | |||||||||||||
| Asian/Pacific Islander1 | 9.1 | (2.32) | 3.0 | ! | (1.18) | 13.0 | (3.56) | 11.9 | ! | (4.78) | 10.8 | ! | (4.65) | 9.3 | (2.63) | 3.9 | (1.16) | 6.7 | ! | (3.24) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ||||||||||||
| Asian | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 10.9 | ! | (5.06) | 8.6 | ! | (2.72) | 4.0 | ! | (1.23) | 7.2 | ! | (3.43) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ||||||||||||
| Pacific Islander | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ||||||||||||||||
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 15.6 | ! | (5.69) | 33.5 | (7.79) | 35.4 | (8.08) | ‡ | (†) | 14.2 | ! | (5.34) | 22.6 | ! | (7.20) | 30.4 | ! | (9.73) | 21.2 | ! | (7.75) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||||||
| Two or more races | 31.4 | (6.20) | 24.2 | (4.60) | 15.5 | (3.53) | 24.4 | (3.91) | 24.9 | (4.35) | 26.8 | (4.22) | 17.4 | (2.53) | 18.2 | (2.51) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 3.0 | ! | (1.48) | 3.5 | ! | (1.67) | 1.8 | ! | (0.62) | ‡ | (†) | 0.6 | ! | (0.30) | ||||||||||||
Sex and race/ethnicity |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Male | 21.3 | (0.81) | 23.7 | (0.82) | 25.5 | (0.85) | 22.1 | (1.01) | 27.8 | (1.48) | 25.7 | (0.90) | 20.8 | (1.00) | 19.5 | (0.94) | 2.1 | (0.25) | 3.2 | (0.39) | 3.4 | (0.38) | 4.4 | (0.48) | 4.5 | (0.84) | 3.0 | (0.47) | 2.4 | (0.45) | 1.4 | (0.26) | ||||||||||||||||
| White | 16.3 | (0.91) | 20.3 | (0.85) | 21.9 | (1.10) | 19.8 | (1.16) | 21.1 | (1.40) | 21.4 | (1.07) | 17.7 | (1.16) | 18.3 | (1.04) | 1.1 | (0.17) | 2.2 | (0.42) | 2.2 | (0.43) | 3.6 | (0.50) | 1.3 | (0.30) | 2.7 | (0.40) | 1.7 | (0.32) | 1.7 | (0.46) | ||||||||||||||||
| Black | 42.2 | (3.81) | 42.2 | (2.49) | 39.6 | (2.28) | 31.2 | (2.86) | 49.1 | (4.92) | 48.3 | (3.36) | 35.9 | (4.17) | 36.6 | (3.57) | 6.0 | (1.18) | 7.4 | (1.13) | 8.1 | (1.50) | 9.1 | (1.79) | 16.3 | (4.35) | 6.9 | ! | (2.41) | 4.6 | (1.35) | 1.7 | ! | (0.68) | ||||||||||||||
| Hispanic | 22.0 | (1.91) | 19.7 | (2.07) | 27.1 | (2.39) | 22.8 | (2.04) | 29.7 | (3.68) | 22.7 | (2.25) | 21.3 | (3.03) | 14.5 | (1.88) | 2.6 | (0.52) | 4.1 | (1.18) | 3.8 | (1.10) | 3.6 | (1.02) | 3.1 | ! | (1.02) | 2.3 | (0.59) | 3.3 | ! | (1.62) | 0.9 | ! | (0.37) | |||||||||||||
| Asian/Pacific Islander1 | 12.8 | ! | (4.49) | 3.6 | ! | (1.69) | 19.5 | (5.08) | 18.6 | ! | (7.37) | ‡ | (†) | 11.4 | ! | (4.02) | 3.8 | ! | (1.15) | 5.8 | (1.55) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||||||
| Asian | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 9.5 | ! | (4.04) | 3.9 | ! | (1.26) | 6.0 | (1.61) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ||||||||||||||
| Pacific Islander | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ||||||||||||||||
| American Indian/Alaska Native | ‡ | (†) | 38.9 | (10.74) | 50.1 | (13.27) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ||||||||||||||||
| Two or more races | 38.7 | (9.54) | 31.7 | (6.96) | 19.5 | (5.66) | 25.8 | (5.19) | 28.7 | (6.65) | 34.6 | (7.21) | 26.2 | (3.76) | 27.5 | (4.28) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 6.1 | ! | (3.02) | 1.5 | ! | (0.68) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ||||||||||||||
| Female | 8.9 | (0.60) | 10.0 | (0.60) | 12.5 | (0.59) | 11.8 | (0.70) | 14.4 | (1.05) | 13.1 | (0.74) | 10.9 | (0.78) | 9.0 | (0.77) | 0.9 | (0.19) | 1.6 | (0.25) | 1.3 | (0.27) | 1.8 | (0.29) | 2.1 | (0.50) | 1.4 | (0.21) | 1.2 | (0.31) | 0.5 | (0.11) | ||||||||||||||||
| White | 5.3 | (0.51) | 7.1 | (0.63) | 8.3 | (0.61) | 8.4 | (0.78) | 9.5 | (1.02) | 9.4 | (0.89) | 7.5 | (0.94) | 6.0 | (0.69) | 0.3 | ! | (0.14) | 0.8 | (0.22) | 0.5 | ! | (0.16) | 1.0 | ! | (0.38) | 0.7 | ! | (0.26) | 1.0 | (0.21) | 0.9 | ! | (0.30) | 0.3 | ! | (0.11) | ||||||||||
| Black | 22.7 | (1.70) | 22.1 | (2.04) | 29.8 | (2.24) | 23.9 | (2.36) | 33.1 | (3.43) | 29.1 | (2.93) | 29.1 | (3.85) | 22.6 | (2.67) | 2.7 | (0.76) | 4.1 | (1.01) | 3.8 | (1.01) | 5.1 | (1.01) | 7.1 | (1.98) | 2.6 | ! | (0.79) | 4.8 | ! | (1.55) | 1.2 | ! | (0.51) | |||||||||||||
| Hispanic | 9.6 | (1.48) | 9.3 | (1.55) | 10.8 | (1.65) | 11.9 | (1.86) | 14.3 | (2.42) | 12.0 | (1.62) | 8.5 | (1.39) | 7.8 | (1.32) | 1.8 | ! | (0.70) | 2.4 | ! | (0.85) | ‡ | (†) | 1.5 | ! | (0.53) | ‡ | (†) | 1.7 | ! | (0.56) | 0.3 | ! | (0.16) | 0.6 | ! | (0.27) | ||||||||||
| Asian/Pacific Islander1 | 5.3 | ! | (2.26) | 2.4 | (1.53) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||||||||||
| Asian | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ||||||||||||||||
| Pacific Islander | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ||||||||||||||||
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 14.5 | ! | (6.44) | 24.6 | ! | (12.09) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ||||||||||||||
| Two or more races | 25.5 | (7.23) | 15.5 | ! | (5.08) | 11.2 | ! | (5.17) | 22.6 | (5.40) | 20.1 | (5.28) | 17.4 | (3.52) | 9.7 | ! | (3.05) | 8.3 | (1.57) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | |||||||||||||
| ---Not available. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| †Not applicable. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| !Interpret data with caution. The coefficient of variation (CV) for this estimate is between 30 and 50 percent. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ‡Reporting standards not met. Either there are too few cases for a reliable estimate or the coefficient of variation (CV) is 50 percent or greater. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 Asian and Pacific Islander data were not collected separately prior to 2007. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NOTE: National Household Education Surveys Program (NHES) administrations prior to 2012 were administered via telephone with an interviewer. NHES:2012 used self-administered paper-and-pencil questionnaires that were mailed to respondents. For NHES:2016, initial contact with all respondents was by mail, and the majority of respondents received paper-and-pencil questionnaires. However, as an experiment with web use, a small sample of NHES:2016 respondents received mailed invitations to complete the survey online. For NHES:2019, the majority of data were collected using a web-based survey instrument that respondents accessed with credentials they received in a mailed invitation. Paper surveys were used for nonresponse follow-up and for a small experiment. Excludes children whose parents reported any homeschooling. Race categories exclude persons of Hispanic ethnicity. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, School Safety and Discipline Survey and Parent and Family Involvement in Education Survey of the National Household Education Surveys Program (SS&D-NHES:1993 and PFI-NHES:1996, 1999, 2003, 2007, 2012, 2016, and 2019). (This table was prepared June 2021.) |
