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Table 204.10. | Number and percentage of public school students eligible for free or reduced-price lunch, by state: Selected years, 2000-01 through 2018-19 |
State | Number of students enrolled | Number of students eligible for free/reduced-price lunch | Percent of students eligible for free/reduced-price lunch | |||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2000-01 | 2010-11 | 2016-17 | 2017-18 | 2018-19 | 2000-01 | 2010-11 | 2016-17 | 2017-18 | 2018-19 | 2000-01 | 2010-11 | 2016-17 | 2017-18 | 2018-19 | ||||||||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | |||||||||
United States | 46,579,068 | 1 | 48,941,267 | 49,944,748 | 50,044,716 | 50,138,019 | 17,839,867 | 1 | 23,544,479 | 26,113,604 | 1 | 26,341,970 | 1 | 26,206,442 | 1 | 38.3 | 1 | 48.1 | 52.3 | 1 | 52.6 | 1 | 52.3 | 1 |
Alabama | 728,351 | 730,427 | 744,809 | 742,437 | 738,485 | 335,143 | 402,386 | 384,199 | 415,423 | 407,482 | 46.0 | 55.1 | 51.6 | 56.0 | 55.2 | |||||||||
Alaska | 105,333 | 132,104 | 132,709 | 132,820 | 130,905 | 32,468 | 50,701 | 60,182 | 72,080 | 62,808 | 30.8 | 38.4 | 45.3 | 54.3 | 48.0 | |||||||||
Arizona | 877,696 | 2 | 1,067,210 | 993,129 | 977,571 | 994,358 | 274,277 | 2 | 482,044 | 566,549 | 538,290 | 534,074 | 31.2 | 2 | 45.2 | 57.0 | 55.1 | 53.7 | ||||||
Arkansas | 449,959 | 482,114 | 492,802 | 495,773 | 491,696 | 205,058 | 291,608 | 313,314 | 3 | 315,203 | 3 | 313,991 | 45.6 | 60.5 | 63.6 | 3 | 63.6 | 3 | 63.9 | |||||
California | 6,050,753 | 6,169,427 | 6,214,620 | 6,195,446 | 6,171,073 | 2,820,611 | 3,335,885 | 3,611,597 | 3,726,495 | 3,666,552 | 46.6 | 54.1 | 58.1 | 60.1 | 59.4 | |||||||||
Colorado |
724,349 | 842,864 | 904,798 | 910,050 | 911,339 | 195,148 | 336,426 | 381,537 | 380,318 | 371,615 | 26.9 | 39.9 | 42.2 | 41.8 | 40.8 | |||||||||
Connecticut | 562,179 | 2 | 552,919 | 529,616 | 519,710 | 514,690 | 143,030 | 2 | 190,554 | 188,877 | 188,482 | 214,502 | 25.4 | 2 | 34.5 | 35.7 | 36.3 | 41.7 | ||||||
Delaware | 114,676 | 128,342 | 136,217 | 136,041 | 138,397 | 37,766 | 61,564 | 65,563 | 4 | 47,580 | 4 | 43,439 | 4 | 32.9 | 48.0 | 48.1 | 4 | 35.0 | 4 | 31.4 | 4 | |||
District of Columbia | 68,380 | 71,263 | 84,970 | 86,360 | 87,686 | 47,839 | 52,027 | 64,900 | 4,5 | 65,961 | 4,5 | 66,974 | 4,5 | 70.0 | 73.0 | 76.4 | 4,5 | 76.4 | 4,5 | 76.4 | 4,5 | |||
Florida | 2,434,755 | 2,641,555 | 2,811,090 | 2,832,766 | 2,846,142 | 1,079,009 | 1,479,519 | 1,633,226 | 1,622,871 | 1,569,588 | 44.3 | 56.0 | 58.1 | 57.3 | 55.1 | |||||||||
Georgia |
1,444,937 | 1,676,419 | 1,763,540 | 1,768,562 | 1,767,145 | 624,511 | 961,954 | 1,092,777 | 1,076,613 | 1,065,941 | 43.2 | 57.4 | 62.0 | 60.9 | 60.3 | |||||||||
Hawaii | 184,357 | 179,601 | 181,550 | 180,837 | 181,278 | 80,657 | 84,106 | 86,376 | 85,219 | 83,198 | 43.8 | 46.8 | 47.6 | 47.1 | 45.9 | |||||||||
Idaho | 244,755 | 275,815 | 297,118 | 301,118 | 308,816 | 85,824 | 124,104 | 136,058 | 132,442 | 119,026 | 35.1 | 45.0 | 45.8 | 44.0 | 38.5 | |||||||||
Illinois | 2,048,792 | 2 | 1,973,401 | 2,009,331 | 1,992,111 | 1,956,231 | 759,973 | 2 | 921,471 | 1,008,830 | 983,855 | 956,769 | 37.1 | 2 | 46.7 | 50.2 | 49.4 | 48.9 | ||||||
Indiana | 977,219 | 1,038,817 | 1,048,952 | 1,053,841 | 1,055,086 | 285,267 | 485,728 | 502,844 | 525,526 | 515,796 | 29.2 | 46.8 | 47.9 | 49.9 | 48.9 | |||||||||
Iowa |
492,021 | 484,856 | 500,960 | 502,877 | 506,308 | 131,553 | 188,486 | 204,841 | 201,627 | 215,291 | 26.7 | 38.9 | 40.9 | 40.1 | 42.5 | |||||||||
Kansas | 462,594 | 479,953 | 489,706 | 490,629 | 491,423 | 154,693 | 228,852 | 235,849 | 233,302 | 229,930 | 33.4 | 47.7 | 48.2 | 47.6 | 46.8 | |||||||||
Kentucky | 626,723 | 673,128 | 683,844 | 680,860 | 677,718 | 298,334 | 380,773 | 401,614 | 406,314 | 384,859 | 47.6 | 56.6 | 58.7 | 59.7 | 56.8 | |||||||||
Louisiana | 741,162 | 695,772 | 716,248 | 715,096 | 710,797 | 433,068 | 460,546 | 451,173 | 387,083 | 379,959 | 58.4 | 66.2 | 63.0 | 54.1 | 53.5 | |||||||||
Maine | 198,532 | 183,477 | 175,383 | 175,304 | 175,230 | 60,162 | 78,915 | 79,819 | 78,522 | 77,265 | 30.3 | 43.0 | 45.5 | 44.8 | 44.1 | |||||||||
Maryland |
852,911 | 852,202 | 886,187 | 893,679 | 896,811 | 255,872 | 341,557 | 413,580 | 415,367 | 415,502 | 30.0 | 40.1 | 46.7 | 46.5 | 46.3 | |||||||||
Massachusetts | 979,590 | 955,301 | 953,693 | 953,645 | 951,400 | 237,871 | 326,849 | 380,744 | 4,6 | 380,725 | 4,6 | 379,828 | 4,6 | 24.3 | 34.2 | 39.9 | 4,6 | 39.9 | 4,6 | 39.9 | 4,6 | |||
Michigan | 1,703,260 | 1,551,861 | 1,477,193 | 1,471,209 | 1,456,140 | 504,044 | 719,800 | 675,696 | 740,066 | 728,205 | 29.6 | 46.4 | 45.7 | 50.3 | 50.0 | |||||||||
Minnesota | 854,154 | 837,930 | 874,432 | 884,397 | 888,786 | 218,867 | 306,136 | 329,341 | 328,701 | 323,126 | 25.6 | 36.5 | 37.7 | 37.2 | 36.4 | |||||||||
Mississippi | 497,421 | 489,462 | 483,148 | 478,124 | 471,298 | 319,670 | 345,734 | 362,296 | 356,365 | 348,848 | 64.3 | 70.6 | 75.0 | 74.5 | 74.0 | |||||||||
Missouri |
912,247 | 902,375 | 913,838 | 910,283 | 908,255 | 315,608 | 406,358 | 481,683 | 478,503 | 456,240 | 34.6 | 45.0 | 52.7 | 52.6 | 50.2 | |||||||||
Montana | 154,438 | 140,497 | 146,213 | 146,550 | 147,375 | 47,415 | 57,836 | 66,649 | 64,961 | 57,489 | 30.7 | 41.2 | 45.6 | 44.3 | 39.0 | |||||||||
Nebraska | 286,138 | 298,276 | 319,147 | 323,728 | 326,081 | 87,045 | 127,114 | 142,555 | 148,540 | 147,328 | 30.4 | 42.6 | 44.7 | 45.9 | 45.2 | |||||||||
Nevada | 282,621 | 436,840 | 472,790 | 481,005 | 492,353 | 92,978 | 219,904 | 287,510 | 282,776 | 301,642 | 32.9 | 50.3 | 60.8 | 58.8 | 61.3 | |||||||||
New Hampshire | 206,919 | 194,001 | 179,762 | 178,306 | 177,355 | 31,212 | 48,904 | 49,058 | 47,169 | 47,848 | 15.1 | 25.2 | 27.3 | 26.5 | 27.0 | |||||||||
New Jersey |
1,312,983 | 1,356,882 | 1,370,824 | 1,370,584 | 1,365,233 | 357,728 | 444,735 | 519,298 | 519,524 | 513,638 | 27.2 | 32.8 | 37.9 | 37.9 | 37.6 | |||||||||
New Mexico | 320,303 | 335,810 | 332,184 | 333,879 | 333,526 | 174,939 | 227,077 | 237,331 | 245,797 | 241,161 | 54.6 | 67.6 | 71.4 | 73.6 | 72.3 | |||||||||
New York | 2,859,927 | 2,722,761 | 2,701,730 | 2,697,327 | 2,673,904 | 1,236,945 | 1,315,564 | 1,422,290 | 1,477,753 | 1,440,275 | 43.3 | 48.3 | 52.6 | 54.8 | 53.9 | |||||||||
North Carolina | 1,194,371 | 1,487,699 | 1,549,452 | 1,553,494 | 1,552,472 | 470,316 | 747,978 | 889,189 | 868,117 | 869,659 | 39.4 | 50.3 | 57.4 | 55.9 | 56.0 | |||||||||
North Dakota | 109,201 | 94,273 | 107,460 | 109,688 | 111,651 | 31,840 | 29,929 | 33,248 | 33,001 | 33,828 | 29.2 | 31.7 | 30.9 | 30.1 | 30.3 | |||||||||
Ohio |
1,745,237 | 1,747,851 | 1,707,469 | 1,701,472 | 1,692,789 | 494,829 | 745,121 | 757,120 | 782,651 | 767,046 | 28.4 | 42.6 | 44.3 | 46.0 | 45.3 | |||||||||
Oklahoma | 623,110 | 659,376 | 693,747 | 694,932 | 698,683 | 300,179 | 398,917 | 433,509 | 432,732 | 421,047 | 4 | 48.2 | 60.5 | 62.5 | 62.3 | 60.3 | 4 | |||||||
Oregon | 535,617 | 553,468 | 552,350 | 553,257 | 551,871 | 186,203 | 280,174 | 279,145 | 272,748 | 270,083 | 34.8 | 50.6 | 50.5 | 49.3 | 48.9 | |||||||||
Pennsylvania | 1,798,977 | 1,742,608 | 1,572,026 | 1,601,823 | 1,709,334 | 510,121 | 686,641 | 747,388 | 794,648 | 869,871 | 28.4 | 39.4 | 47.5 | 49.6 | 50.9 | |||||||||
Rhode Island | 157,347 | 142,575 | 140,469 | 141,448 | 141,742 | 52,209 | 61,127 | 66,895 | 66,156 | 67,185 | 33.2 | 42.9 | 47.6 | 46.8 | 47.4 | |||||||||
South Carolina |
677,411 | 722,203 | 770,800 | 777,254 | 780,529 | 320,254 | 395,033 | 516,520 | 514,156 | 483,606 | 47.3 | 54.7 | 67.0 | 66.2 | 62.0 | |||||||||
South Dakota | 128,598 | 125,883 | 135,762 | 137,251 | 138,402 | 37,857 | 46,718 | 51,430 | 51,412 | 51,080 | 29.4 | 37.1 | 37.9 | 37.5 | 36.9 | |||||||||
Tennessee | 909,161 | 2 | 987,078 | 997,148 | 994,568 | 1,006,267 | 436,298 | 2 | 542,953 | 586,427 | 4,5 | 584,910 | 4,5 | 591,790 | 4,5 | 48.0 | 2 | 55.0 | 58.8 | 4,5 | 58.8 | 4,5 | 58.8 | 4,5 |
Texas | 4,059,353 | 4,916,401 | 5,360,055 | 5,400,720 | 5,430,433 | 1,823,029 | 2,471,212 | 3,159,896 | 3,169,088 | 3,288,771 | 44.9 | 50.3 | 59.0 | 58.7 | 60.6 | |||||||||
Utah | 470,265 | 585,552 | 645,030 | 666,841 | 674,355 | 135,428 | 223,943 | 235,042 | 227,388 | 222,152 | 28.8 | 38.2 | 36.4 | 34.1 | 32.9 | |||||||||
Vermont |
102,049 | 85,144 | 84,325 | 84,334 | 83,642 | 23,986 | 31,339 | 32,507 | 32,171 | 30,445 | 23.5 | 36.8 | 38.5 | 38.1 | 36.4 | |||||||||
Virginia | 1,067,710 | 1,250,206 | 1,273,127 | 1,278,044 | 1,282,643 | 320,233 | 458,879 | 525,022 | 560,281 | 569,998 | 30.0 | 36.7 | 41.2 | 43.8 | 44.4 | |||||||||
Washington | 1,004,770 | 2 | 1,043,466 | 1,101,514 | 1,110,163 | 1,118,916 | 326,295 | 2 | 418,065 | 480,171 | 477,543 | 481,076 | 32.5 | 2 | 40.1 | 43.6 | 43.0 | 43.0 | ||||||
West Virginia | 286,285 | 282,879 | 273,845 | 272,253 | 267,968 | 143,446 | 145,605 | 122,257 | 151,490 | 4 | 135,107 | 4 | 50.1 | 51.5 | 44.6 | 55.6 | 4 | 50.4 | 4 | |||||
Wisconsin | 859,276 | 872,164 | 863,557 | 860,067 | 858,766 | 219,276 | 342,660 | 323,368 | 319,045 | 339,164 | 25.5 | 39.3 | 37.4 | 37.1 | 39.5 | |||||||||
Wyoming | 89,895 | 88,779 | 94,079 | 94,182 | 94,236 | 43,483 | 32,968 | 36,314 | 34,980 | 34,344 | 48.4 | 37.1 | 38.6 | 37.1 | 36.4 |
1 U.S. total includes imputation for nonreporting states. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
2 Imputation for survey nonresponse. State-level imputations for 2000-01 were based on the reported percentages for 2001-02 applied to the 2000-01 enrollments. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
3 Imputation for survey nonresponse. State-level imputations for 2016-17 and 2017-18 were based on the reported percentages for 2015-16 applied to the 2016-17 and 2017-18 enrollments. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
4 This state reported only the count of students who were eligible based on direct certification. Direct certification is the process by which children are certified for free meals based on household participation in one or more means-tested federal assistance programs—such as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)—without the need for a household application. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
5 Imputation for survey nonresponse. State-level imputations for 2016-17 through 2018-19 were based on the reported percentages for 2015-16 applied to the 2016-17 through 2018-19 enrollments. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
6 Imputation for survey nonresponse. State-level imputations for 2016-17 through 2018-19 were based on the reported percentages for 2014-15 (the most recent year for which percentages were reported) applied to the 2016-17 through 2018-19 enrollments. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
NOTE: The National School Lunch Program (NSLP) is a federally assisted meal program. Table reflects counts of students enrolled in all schools for which both enrollment data and free/reduced-price lunch eligibility data were reported. Data for 2016-17 through 2018-19 include students whose NSLP eligibility has been determined through direct certification. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), "Public Elementary/Secondary School Universe Survey," 2000-01, 2010-11, 2016-17, 2017-18, and 2018-19. (This table was prepared October 2020.) |