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| Table 202.20. | Percentage of 3- to 5-year-old children enrolled in school, by age and selected child and family characteristics: 2010 through 2019 |
| [Standard errors appear in parentheses] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age and selected child or family characteristic |
2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 3 to 5 years old | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 60.6 | (0.19) | 60.5 | (0.22) | 60.8 | (0.19) | 59.4 | (0.18) | 60.1 | (0.20) | 60.3 | (0.19) | 60.8 | (0.21) | 60.2 | (0.17) | 60.6 | (0.18) | 61.1 | (0.21) | ||||||||||
Sex |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Male | 60.6 | (0.22) | 60.6 | (0.27) | 60.7 | (0.25) | 59.7 | (0.25) | 60.2 | (0.27) | 60.4 | (0.26) | 60.7 | (0.25) | 60.3 | (0.25) | 60.8 | (0.27) | 61.1 | (0.27) | ||||||||||
| Female | 60.6 | (0.26) | 60.4 | (0.30) | 60.9 | (0.26) | 59.1 | (0.27) | 60.1 | (0.29) | 60.3 | (0.29) | 60.9 | (0.33) | 60.1 | (0.25) | 60.4 | (0.28) | 61.0 | (0.27) | ||||||||||
Race/ethnicity |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| White | 62.1 | (0.27) | 62.2 | (0.29) | 62.6 | (0.25) | 60.5 | (0.25) | 61.0 | (0.28) | 60.7 | (0.24) | 61.6 | (0.23) | 61.3 | (0.22) | 61.6 | (0.28) | 61.9 | (0.27) | ||||||||||
| Black | 63.7 | (0.48) | 63.9 | (0.52) | 63.6 | (0.47) | 61.8 | (0.52) | 64.1 | (0.57) | 64.9 | (0.50) | 64.1 | (0.59) | 62.0 | (0.56) | 63.7 | (0.59) | 63.9 | (0.63) | ||||||||||
| Hispanic | 54.9 | (0.30) | 54.4 | (0.39) | 55.0 | (0.34) | 54.6 | (0.40) | 55.4 | (0.34) | 56.2 | (0.42) | 56.1 | (0.41) | 55.7 | (0.37) | 55.7 | (0.35) | 56.8 | (0.45) | ||||||||||
| Asian | 66.0 | (0.82) | 67.1 | (0.80) | 67.4 | (0.88) | 66.2 | (0.71) | 65.4 | (0.95) | 65.0 | (0.80) | 66.4 | (0.81) | 67.8 | (0.81) | 67.6 | (0.82) | 67.4 | (0.78) | ||||||||||
| Pacific Islander | 52.1 | (4.08) | 48.1 | (4.29) | 51.6 | (4.21) | 55.6 | (3.75) | 47.3 | (4.64) | 36.8 | (4.19) | 47.7 | (4.02) | 48.6 | (4.73) | 48.1 | (4.05) | 50.2 | (4.38) | ||||||||||
| American Indian/Alaska Native |
56.7 | (2.05) | 56.5 | (1.56) | 55.1 | (1.92) | 57.1 | (1.84) | 57.6 | (1.61) | 59.5 | (1.68) | 58.4 | (2.02) | 62.4 | (2.03) | 58.5 | (1.92) | 57.4 | (1.81) | ||||||||||
| Some other race1 | 60.0 | (3.39) | 62.2 | (3.07) | 61.9 | (3.64) | 58.7 | (3.74) | 69.5 | (3.01) | 68.1 | (3.39) | 62.1 | (3.03) | 52.8 | (2.94) | 64.6 | (3.28) | 65.5 | (3.26) | ||||||||||
| Two or more races | 62.0 | (0.87) | 59.2 | (0.85) | 60.1 | (0.89) | 60.5 | (0.88) | 61.0 | (0.92) | 61.7 | (0.74) | 63.2 | (0.79) | 61.3 | (0.79) | 61.6 | (0.78) | 62.0 | (0.77) | ||||||||||
Highest level of education attained by either parent2 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less than high school | 49.0 | (0.51) | 48.1 | (0.58) | 49.2 | (0.45) | 47.9 | (0.64) | 49.4 | (0.55) | 48.9 | (0.71) | 50.7 | (0.74) | 48.2 | (0.64) | 49.9 | (0.74) | 48.2 | (0.75) | ||||||||||
| High school completion3 | 52.7 | (0.38) | 53.0 | (0.41) | 52.0 | (0.44) | 51.7 | (0.48) | 52.7 | (0.44) | 53.1 | (0.48) | 53.1 | (0.51) | 52.4 | (0.44) | 52.5 | (0.46) | 53.4 | (0.59) | ||||||||||
| Some college, no degree | 57.7 | (0.41) | 56.9 | (0.44) | 57.3 | (0.40) | 56.6 | (0.36) | 57.8 | (0.43) | 57.7 | (0.45) | 57.2 | (0.41) | 56.4 | (0.48) | 56.1 | (0.43) | 56.9 | (0.55) | ||||||||||
| Associate's degree | 60.9 | (0.46) | 62.6 | (0.57) | 62.2 | (0.62) | 59.7 | (0.59) | 60.4 | (0.61) | 59.0 | (0.64) | 60.2 | (0.65) | 58.4 | (0.63) | 59.4 | (0.62) | 59.7 | (0.60) | ||||||||||
| Bachelor's or higher degree | 71.2 | (0.32) | 71.0 | (0.33) | 71.9 | (0.25) | 69.0 | (0.31) | 68.8 | (0.33) | 69.0 | (0.30) | 69.3 | (0.31) | 69.1 | (0.23) | 69.2 | (0.24) | 69.6 | (0.28) | ||||||||||
| Bachelor's degree | 67.8 | (0.40) | 67.6 | (0.46) | 68.4 | (0.37) | 65.6 | (0.44) | 65.4 | (0.47) | 65.5 | (0.35) | 65.9 | (0.42) | 65.6 | (0.32) | 65.4 | (0.35) | 65.6 | (0.43) | ||||||||||
| Master's degree | 74.3 | (0.52) | 74.4 | (0.49) | 74.8 | (0.46) | 71.7 | (0.46) | 71.7 | (0.45) | 71.8 | (0.51) | 71.9 | (0.47) | 71.7 | (0.50) | 72.4 | (0.45) | 72.8 | (0.47) | ||||||||||
| Doctor's degree4 | 78.8 | (0.65) | 77.3 | (0.75) | 79.7 | (0.67) | 76.3 | (0.68) | 75.1 | (0.72) | 76.2 | (0.76) | 75.7 | (0.64) | 76.1 | (0.64) | 75.8 | (0.67) | 76.6 | (0.64) | ||||||||||
Household type and parents' employment status5 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| All households with at least one parent6 |
60.7 | (0.19) | 60.6 | (0.22) | 61.0 | (0.20) | 59.5 | (0.19) | 60.3 | (0.20) | 60.5 | (0.20) | 60.9 | (0.21) | 60.4 | (0.17) | 60.7 | (0.18) | 61.2 | (0.22) | ||||||||||
| Every parent employed7 | 64.3 | (0.25) | 64.2 | (0.25) | 64.3 | (0.23) | 62.4 | (0.23) | 63.0 | (0.24) | 63.5 | (0.25) | 63.5 | (0.26) | 63.5 | (0.23) | 63.8 | (0.20) | 63.9 | (0.25) | ||||||||||
| No parent employed | 52.2 | (0.47) | 52.5 | (0.48) | 52.6 | (0.51) | 52.3 | (0.57) | 54.1 | (0.55) | 52.8 | (0.65) | 53.8 | (0.63) | 50.9 | (0.66) | 52.7 | (0.67) | 52.7 | (0.81) | ||||||||||
| Two-parent household | 62.8 | (0.26) | 62.7 | (0.25) | 63.3 | (0.25) | 61.4 | (0.22) | 61.9 | (0.24) | 62.2 | (0.24) | 62.6 | (0.25) | 62.3 | (0.20) | 62.3 | (0.23) | 63.3 | (0.23) | ||||||||||
| Both parents employed | 67.7 | (0.31) | 67.8 | (0.28) | 67.8 | (0.32) | 65.6 | (0.30) | 65.8 | (0.34) | 66.6 | (0.30) | 66.4 | (0.32) | 66.5 | (0.25) | 66.8 | (0.29) | 67.3 | (0.28) | ||||||||||
| One parent employed | 58.5 | (0.36) | 58.1 | (0.40) | 58.9 | (0.39) | 57.1 | (0.31) | 57.7 | (0.35) | 57.2 | (0.38) | 58.2 | (0.39) | 57.2 | (0.37) | 56.5 | (0.34) | 57.8 | (0.41) | ||||||||||
| No parent employed | 49.9 | (1.17) | 51.2 | (1.26) | 53.6 | (1.16) | 53.4 | (1.39) | 52.9 | (1.29) | 53.5 | (1.55) | 52.6 | (1.52) | 52.2 | (1.60) | 53.3 | (1.83) | 55.9 | (1.89) | ||||||||||
| Single-parent household | 56.9 | (0.33) | 56.9 | (0.32) | 57.0 | (0.36) | 56.1 | (0.35) | 57.6 | (0.36) | 57.3 | (0.35) | 57.8 | (0.33) | 56.6 | (0.38) | 57.6 | (0.33) | 57.2 | (0.38) | ||||||||||
| Parent employed | 59.3 | (0.40) | 59.2 | (0.44) | 59.5 | (0.45) | 58.0 | (0.40) | 59.1 | (0.40) | 59.2 | (0.40) | 59.3 | (0.39) | 58.9 | (0.45) | 59.4 | (0.33) | 58.8 | (0.44) | ||||||||||
| Parent not employed | 52.6 | (0.58) | 52.8 | (0.54) | 52.4 | (0.55) | 52.1 | (0.60) | 54.3 | (0.60) | 52.7 | (0.72) | 54.1 | (0.68) | 50.7 | (0.70) | 52.6 | (0.76) | 52.2 | (0.88) | ||||||||||
Poverty status8 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Below poverty threshold | 53.9 | (0.37) | 52.9 | (0.36) | 54.0 | (0.38) | 54.1 | (0.35) | 54.7 | (0.38) | 54.5 | (0.53) | 54.7 | (0.49) | 53.9 | (0.48) | 54.5 | (0.46) | 54.9 | (0.60) | ||||||||||
| 100 to 185 percent of poverty threshold |
54.0 | (0.36) | 54.9 | (0.49) | 54.2 | (0.49) | 53.4 | (0.47) | 54.9 | (0.46) | 55.2 | (0.46) | 56.1 | (0.46) | 55.0 | (0.42) | 55.0 | (0.49) | 54.3 | (0.45) | ||||||||||
| Greater than 185 percent of poverty threshold |
66.2 | (0.26) | 66.1 | (0.26) | 66.7 | (0.24) | 64.1 | (0.24) | 64.5 | (0.28) | 64.5 | (0.26) | 64.6 | (0.26) | 64.1 | (0.19) | 64.4 | (0.24) | 65.0 | (0.24) | ||||||||||
3 and 4 years old |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 47.7 | (0.23) | 47.7 | (0.26) | 47.9 | (0.24) | 46.2 | (0.22) | 47.3 | (0.23) | 47.6 | (0.23) | 48.2 | (0.28) | 48.1 | (0.21) | 48.4 | (0.24) | 49.2 | (0.28) | ||||||||||
Sex |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Male | 47.9 | (0.29) | 48.2 | (0.33) | 47.7 | (0.33) | 46.7 | (0.29) | 47.3 | (0.31) | 47.9 | (0.32) | 48.0 | (0.35) | 48.3 | (0.32) | 48.7 | (0.35) | 49.3 | (0.37) | ||||||||||
| Female | 47.5 | (0.32) | 47.1 | (0.36) | 48.0 | (0.33) | 45.7 | (0.32) | 47.2 | (0.35) | 47.3 | (0.34) | 48.4 | (0.41) | 47.9 | (0.33) | 48.0 | (0.34) | 49.1 | (0.33) | ||||||||||
Race/ethnicity |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| White | 50.0 | (0.33) | 50.3 | (0.35) | 50.5 | (0.33) | 48.2 | (0.32) | 48.7 | (0.32) | 48.5 | (0.29) | 49.9 | (0.30) | 49.9 | (0.28) | 50.3 | (0.34) | 50.4 | (0.34) | ||||||||||
| Black | 51.8 | (0.66) | 52.0 | (0.68) | 51.4 | (0.63) | 49.0 | (0.74) | 52.4 | (0.74) | 53.3 | (0.62) | 51.7 | (0.76) | 50.7 | (0.70) | 51.8 | (0.79) | 52.8 | (0.88) | ||||||||||
| Hispanic | 39.6 | (0.41) | 39.0 | (0.50) | 39.7 | (0.46) | 39.2 | (0.41) | 40.2 | (0.38) | 42.0 | (0.52) | 41.4 | (0.52) | 41.9 | (0.45) | 41.4 | (0.47) | 43.5 | (0.50) | ||||||||||
| Asian | 54.0 | (1.08) | 55.7 | (0.96) | 56.0 | (1.24) | 54.7 | (0.94) | 54.2 | (1.24) | 51.6 | (1.06) | 54.6 | (1.05) | 56.5 | (0.92) | 56.5 | (1.02) | 56.4 | (1.02) | ||||||||||
| Pacific Islander | 38.7 | (4.82) | 33.2 | (4.35) | 37.4 | (4.58) | 41.1 | (4.76) | 35.2 | (4.61) | 18.7 | (4.29) | 27.4 | (5.02) | 32.1 | (5.27) | 29.5 | (4.57) | 38.9 | (5.30) | ||||||||||
| American Indian/Alaska Native |
44.4 | (2.53) | 44.8 | (2.14) | 41.2 | (2.13) | 42.2 | (2.39) | 45.3 | (1.99) | 46.2 | (2.10) | 42.2 | (2.55) | 48.6 | (2.24) | 45.6 | (2.34) | 44.9 | (2.31) | ||||||||||
| Some other race1 | 51.3 | (4.03) | 49.4 | (3.78) | 46.4 | (4.34) | 44.7 | (4.41) | 59.5 | (3.85) | 55.8 | (4.42) | 51.5 | (3.73) | 43.7 | (3.24) | 50.9 | (3.91) | 54.7 | (4.08) | ||||||||||
| Two or more races | 49.8 | (1.05) | 47.5 | (1.02) | 48.6 | (1.15) | 49.9 | (1.18) | 48.0 | (1.23) | 50.1 | (0.94) | 51.5 | (1.15) | 49.0 | (0.99) | 49.7 | (1.08) | 50.9 | (1.02) | ||||||||||
Highest level of education attained by either parent2 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less than high school | 33.1 | (0.60) | 32.1 | (0.72) | 32.7 | (0.62) | 32.0 | (0.72) | 33.7 | (0.59) | 33.7 | (0.82) | 35.6 | (0.84) | 33.3 | (0.73) | 34.0 | (0.84) | 34.6 | (0.88) | ||||||||||
| High school completion3 | 37.8 | (0.47) | 37.7 | (0.45) | 36.5 | (0.56) | 36.4 | (0.57) | 37.5 | (0.50) | 37.7 | (0.52) | 39.1 | (0.60) | 38.8 | (0.57) | 38.0 | (0.56) | 39.3 | (0.64) | ||||||||||
| Some college, no degree | 44.0 | (0.46) | 43.6 | (0.53) | 43.5 | (0.50) | 42.4 | (0.44) | 43.6 | (0.50) | 43.8 | (0.53) | 43.5 | (0.54) | 43.3 | (0.59) | 42.8 | (0.46) | 43.5 | (0.69) | ||||||||||
| Associate's degree | 47.4 | (0.59) | 49.7 | (0.72) | 48.5 | (0.80) | 46.1 | (0.84) | 47.1 | (0.81) | 45.6 | (0.78) | 46.7 | (0.76) | 45.2 | (0.80) | 45.4 | (0.85) | 47.1 | (0.72) | ||||||||||
| Bachelor's or higher degree | 61.4 | (0.40) | 61.4 | (0.41) | 62.4 | (0.33) | 58.9 | (0.41) | 58.7 | (0.41) | 59.2 | (0.38) | 59.1 | (0.40) | 59.2 | (0.31) | 59.6 | (0.30) | 60.0 | (0.35) | ||||||||||
| Bachelor's degree | 56.6 | (0.49) | 56.9 | (0.56) | 57.6 | (0.48) | 54.1 | (0.56) | 53.9 | (0.58) | 54.7 | (0.45) | 54.9 | (0.57) | 54.7 | (0.45) | 54.7 | (0.43) | 54.9 | (0.52) | ||||||||||
| Master's degree | 65.7 | (0.63) | 65.7 | (0.71) | 66.2 | (0.65) | 63.0 | (0.62) | 62.6 | (0.61) | 63.0 | (0.64) | 62.5 | (0.56) | 62.6 | (0.66) | 63.9 | (0.57) | 64.2 | (0.57) | ||||||||||
| Doctor's degree4 | 71.7 | (0.91) | 70.1 | (0.99) | 73.3 | (0.91) | 68.7 | (0.88) | 67.7 | (0.95) | 68.2 | (0.96) | 67.1 | (0.86) | 68.3 | (0.77) | 67.8 | (0.87) | 69.1 | (0.75) | ||||||||||
Household type and parents' employment status5 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| All households with at least one parent6 |
47.9 | (0.23) | 47.8 | (0.27) | 48.1 | (0.25) | 46.4 | (0.22) | 47.5 | (0.23) | 47.8 | (0.24) | 48.4 | (0.29) | 48.3 | (0.21) | 48.5 | (0.24) | 49.4 | (0.28) | ||||||||||
| Every parent employed7 | 52.1 | (0.31) | 52.2 | (0.34) | 52.3 | (0.29) | 49.8 | (0.31) | 50.7 | (0.30) | 51.5 | (0.31) | 51.5 | (0.35) | 52.0 | (0.27) | 52.2 | (0.28) | 52.7 | (0.34) | ||||||||||
| No parent employed | 37.7 | (0.55) | 38.2 | (0.61) | 38.1 | (0.61) | 38.3 | (0.61) | 39.3 | (0.62) | 38.8 | (0.74) | 39.9 | (0.81) | 37.1 | (0.83) | 38.6 | (0.76) | 39.4 | (0.97) | ||||||||||
| Two-parent household | 50.4 | (0.31) | 50.6 | (0.32) | 50.9 | (0.31) | 48.9 | (0.24) | 49.7 | (0.27) | 50.0 | (0.29) | 50.6 | (0.33) | 50.7 | (0.27) | 50.9 | (0.30) | 51.8 | (0.31) | ||||||||||
| Both parents employed | 56.2 | (0.39) | 56.9 | (0.39) | 56.7 | (0.40) | 54.1 | (0.38) | 54.5 | (0.40) | 55.5 | (0.38) | 55.3 | (0.43) | 55.8 | (0.35) | 56.3 | (0.37) | 56.8 | (0.36) | ||||||||||
| One parent employed | 45.5 | (0.47) | 44.7 | (0.49) | 45.1 | (0.52) | 43.6 | (0.41) | 44.6 | (0.43) | 43.9 | (0.47) | 45.1 | (0.44) | 44.5 | (0.47) | 43.8 | (0.45) | 45.0 | (0.50) | ||||||||||
| No parent employed | 34.3 | (1.35) | 37.0 | (1.58) | 38.7 | (1.53) | 39.9 | (1.64) | 36.8 | (1.63) | 37.3 | (1.90) | 39.2 | (1.84) | 38.3 | (1.90) | 41.3 | (2.21) | 41.5 | (2.29) | ||||||||||
| Single-parent household | 43.3 | (0.38) | 43.2 | (0.44) | 43.2 | (0.42) | 42.1 | (0.43) | 43.5 | (0.42) | 43.8 | (0.46) | 44.4 | (0.44) | 43.7 | (0.44) | 43.8 | (0.40) | 44.6 | (0.49) | ||||||||||
| Parent employed | 46.2 | (0.49) | 45.9 | (0.56) | 46.0 | (0.50) | 44.1 | (0.53) | 45.3 | (0.49) | 45.9 | (0.53) | 46.1 | (0.52) | 46.4 | (0.53) | 45.9 | (0.46) | 46.5 | (0.56) | ||||||||||
| Parent not employed | 38.4 | (0.66) | 38.4 | (0.63) | 38.0 | (0.67) | 38.0 | (0.67) | 39.7 | (0.69) | 39.0 | (0.80) | 40.0 | (0.87) | 37.0 | (0.81) | 38.3 | (0.85) | 39.0 | (1.05) | ||||||||||
Poverty status8 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Below poverty threshold | 39.4 | (0.46) | 38.8 | (0.45) | 39.2 | (0.49) | 39.0 | (0.42) | 40.4 | (0.47) | 39.8 | (0.63) | 40.4 | (0.60) | 39.7 | (0.57) | 40.8 | (0.50) | 42.0 | (0.72) | ||||||||||
| 100 to 185 percent of poverty threshold |
39.3 | (0.48) | 39.7 | (0.56) | 39.2 | (0.53) | 38.8 | (0.60) | 39.9 | (0.50) | 40.8 | (0.52) | 42.4 | (0.55) | 41.9 | (0.55) | 40.9 | (0.56) | 40.5 | (0.52) | ||||||||||
| Greater than 185 percent of poverty threshold |
54.8 | (0.31) | 55.0 | (0.31) | 55.4 | (0.32) | 52.4 | (0.29) | 53.0 | (0.34) | 53.3 | (0.31) | 53.0 | (0.33) | 53.0 | (0.24) | 53.2 | (0.30) | 54.1 | (0.31) | ||||||||||
5 years old |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 86.5 | (0.21) | 86.7 | (0.25) | 86.3 | (0.20) | 85.4 | (0.23) | 86.4 | (0.22) | 86.2 | (0.21) | 86.6 | (0.23) | 85.9 | (0.23) | 86.4 | (0.22) | 85.9 | (0.27) | ||||||||||
Sex |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Male | 86.4 | (0.28) | 86.1 | (0.33) | 86.1 | (0.30) | 85.3 | (0.33) | 86.4 | (0.32) | 85.9 | (0.30) | 86.6 | (0.30) | 85.9 | (0.35) | 86.3 | (0.32) | 86.2 | (0.36) | ||||||||||
| Female | 86.6 | (0.26) | 87.2 | (0.35) | 86.6 | (0.33) | 85.4 | (0.36) | 86.3 | (0.32) | 86.6 | (0.34) | 86.5 | (0.34) | 85.9 | (0.31) | 86.5 | (0.32) | 85.7 | (0.33) | ||||||||||
Race/ethnicity |
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| White | 86.0 | (0.31) | 86.1 | (0.33) | 86.2 | (0.30) | 84.8 | (0.29) | 85.9 | (0.32) | 85.4 | (0.32) | 85.5 | (0.26) | 85.2 | (0.31) | 85.4 | (0.35) | 85.8 | (0.34) | ||||||||||
| Black | 88.6 | (0.56) | 88.4 | (0.68) | 86.8 | (0.71) | 86.9 | (0.69) | 88.0 | (0.56) | 88.2 | (0.65) | 89.1 | (0.66) | 86.8 | (0.74) | 88.3 | (0.70) | 86.7 | (0.89) | ||||||||||
| Hispanic | 86.0 | (0.44) | 86.8 | (0.51) | 86.2 | (0.38) | 85.8 | (0.49) | 86.2 | (0.47) | 86.4 | (0.41) | 86.6 | (0.52) | 85.7 | (0.54) | 86.7 | (0.47) | 85.9 | (0.56) | ||||||||||
| Asian | 90.4 | (0.91) | 89.8 | (0.93) | 89.5 | (0.77) | 87.3 | (1.01) | 89.1 | (0.97) | 90.1 | (0.91) | 89.0 | (0.95) | 89.5 | (0.84) | 89.9 | (0.94) | 89.0 | (0.91) | ||||||||||
| Pacific Islander | 75.6 | (5.60) | 80.1 | (5.44) | 76.7 | (5.83) | 78.3 | (5.27) | 68.7 | (6.63) | 73.5 | (6.00) | 86.6 | (4.78) | 77.6 | (5.77) | 75.6 | (5.48) | 72.8 | (7.81) | ||||||||||
| American Indian/Alaska Native |
78.3 | (3.02) | 82.7 | (2.10) | 83.8 | (2.55) | 86.5 | (1.51) | 82.2 | (2.22) | 84.9 | (2.18) | 88.7 | (1.81) | 88.0 | (2.40) | 84.5 | (1.94) | 83.2 | (2.64) | ||||||||||
| Some other race1 | 77.4 | (5.26) | 82.2 | (4.61) | 92.8 | (2.57) | 89.1 | (4.39) | 88.1 | (3.33) | 92.8 | (3.16) | 85.8 | (4.16) | 81.0 | (4.34) | 89.0 | (3.26) | 86.6 | (3.85) | ||||||||||
| Two or more races | 87.3 | (1.07) | 85.2 | (1.15) | 84.3 | (1.12) | 82.3 | (1.12) | 86.8 | (1.08) | 84.9 | (1.05) | 87.3 | (0.92) | 87.4 | (0.92) | 86.5 | (0.88) | 84.0 | (0.96) | ||||||||||
Highest level of education attained by either parent2 |
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| Less than high school | 81.1 | (0.79) | 82.6 | (0.81) | 82.7 | (0.60) | 79.9 | (0.90) | 80.8 | (0.76) | 80.8 | (0.80) | 81.6 | (0.89) | 81.7 | (1.04) | 82.4 | (0.91) | 78.1 | (1.00) | ||||||||||
| High school completion3 | 83.2 | (0.51) | 85.0 | (0.46) | 82.9 | (0.60) | 82.3 | (0.62) | 83.9 | (0.59) | 84.3 | (0.66) | 83.2 | (0.70) | 81.9 | (0.67) | 83.5 | (0.64) | 82.8 | (0.71) | ||||||||||
| Some college, no degree | 85.6 | (0.46) | 85.1 | (0.56) | 84.3 | (0.59) | 84.6 | (0.47) | 86.0 | (0.47) | 85.4 | (0.56) | 85.6 | (0.46) | 84.1 | (0.55) | 84.6 | (0.52) | 84.8 | (0.68) | ||||||||||
| Associate's degree | 86.9 | (0.60) | 87.6 | (0.74) | 87.7 | (0.74) | 85.9 | (0.69) | 86.5 | (0.77) | 86.9 | (0.65) | 86.8 | (0.72) | 85.8 | (0.72) | 87.8 | (0.51) | 85.6 | (0.79) | ||||||||||
| Bachelor's or higher degree | 90.7 | (0.27) | 90.2 | (0.36) | 90.8 | (0.29) | 89.2 | (0.32) | 90.1 | (0.33) | 89.2 | (0.29) | 89.9 | (0.28) | 89.9 | (0.30) | 89.4 | (0.31) | 89.8 | (0.37) | ||||||||||
| Bachelor's degree | 89.6 | (0.41) | 89.1 | (0.53) | 89.8 | (0.43) | 88.8 | (0.42) | 89.6 | (0.40) | 88.0 | (0.47) | 88.7 | (0.43) | 88.5 | (0.40) | 87.7 | (0.44) | 88.4 | (0.59) | ||||||||||
| Master's degree | 92.0 | (0.44) | 91.3 | (0.61) | 92.0 | (0.49) | 89.2 | (0.56) | 90.7 | (0.59) | 89.8 | (0.52) | 90.7 | (0.50) | 91.0 | (0.45) | 90.6 | (0.49) | 90.9 | (0.49) | ||||||||||
| Doctor's degree4 | 92.6 | (0.64) | 92.1 | (0.86) | 92.4 | (0.78) | 91.2 | (0.86) | 90.7 | (0.82) | 92.2 | (0.76) | 92.7 | (0.70) | 92.2 | (0.80) | 93.1 | (0.55) | 91.9 | (0.70) | ||||||||||
Household type and parents' employment status5 |
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| All households with at least one parent6 |
86.5 | (0.21) | 86.9 | (0.27) | 86.5 | (0.21) | 85.4 | (0.23) | 86.6 | (0.23) | 86.3 | (0.22) | 86.6 | (0.24) | 86.1 | (0.23) | 86.5 | (0.21) | 86.1 | (0.28) | ||||||||||
| Every parent employed7 | 88.2 | (0.27) | 88.4 | (0.35) | 87.8 | (0.28) | 87.0 | (0.27) | 88.0 | (0.31) | 88.0 | (0.28) | 87.9 | (0.28) | 87.4 | (0.31) | 87.8 | (0.26) | 87.1 | (0.33) | ||||||||||
| No parent employed | 82.9 | (0.70) | 83.8 | (0.59) | 82.2 | (0.77) | 81.0 | (0.77) | 83.3 | (0.64) | 83.0 | (0.75) | 83.4 | (0.89) | 81.6 | (0.74) | 83.2 | (0.97) | 81.8 | (0.99) | ||||||||||
| Two-parent household | 87.4 | (0.25) | 87.3 | (0.30) | 87.7 | (0.25) | 86.3 | (0.27) | 87.1 | (0.30) | 86.9 | (0.29) | 87.3 | (0.31) | 86.9 | (0.29) | 86.8 | (0.30) | 87.3 | (0.29) | ||||||||||
| Both parents employed | 89.9 | (0.32) | 89.4 | (0.39) | 89.6 | (0.33) | 88.3 | (0.32) | 89.0 | (0.39) | 89.3 | (0.32) | 89.1 | (0.38) | 88.9 | (0.35) | 88.6 | (0.38) | 88.9 | (0.35) | ||||||||||
| One parent employed | 85.2 | (0.38) | 85.4 | (0.45) | 86.1 | (0.42) | 84.2 | (0.43) | 85.1 | (0.45) | 84.1 | (0.45) | 85.1 | (0.45) | 84.6 | (0.49) | 84.6 | (0.45) | 85.0 | (0.53) | ||||||||||
| No parent employed | 80.8 | (1.43) | 79.9 | (1.84) | 81.5 | (1.68) | 81.1 | (1.88) | 83.6 | (1.38) | 84.1 | (1.81) | 82.4 | (2.23) | 80.2 | (2.23) | 80.1 | (2.42) | 84.8 | (2.83) | ||||||||||
| Single-parent household | 84.8 | (0.43) | 86.2 | (0.42) | 84.3 | (0.39) | 83.9 | (0.43) | 85.6 | (0.41) | 85.2 | (0.42) | 85.5 | (0.40) | 84.3 | (0.46) | 86.0 | (0.40) | 83.7 | (0.47) | ||||||||||
| Parent employed | 85.5 | (0.50) | 87.0 | (0.55) | 85.3 | (0.48) | 85.3 | (0.48) | 86.7 | (0.52) | 86.2 | (0.52) | 86.2 | (0.48) | 85.2 | (0.52) | 86.8 | (0.41) | 84.5 | (0.54) | ||||||||||
| Parent not employed | 83.4 | (0.79) | 84.6 | (0.64) | 82.3 | (0.78) | 80.9 | (0.86) | 83.3 | (0.73) | 82.8 | (0.85) | 83.6 | (0.92) | 81.8 | (0.89) | 83.6 | (1.06) | 81.3 | (1.05) | ||||||||||
Poverty status8 |
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| Below poverty threshold | 83.7 | (0.52) | 83.4 | (0.50) | 83.3 | (0.49) | 83.7 | (0.46) | 83.6 | (0.45) | 84.2 | (0.51) | 84.1 | (0.67) | 84.3 | (0.63) | 84.2 | (0.64) | 82.2 | (0.75) | ||||||||||
| 100 to 185 percent of poverty threshold |
84.1 | (0.52) | 85.9 | (0.42) | 84.3 | (0.59) | 82.7 | (0.59) | 85.1 | (0.64) | 84.6 | (0.54) | 84.7 | (0.48) | 83.3 | (0.61) | 84.5 | (0.59) | 84.1 | (0.63) | ||||||||||
| Greater than 185 percent of poverty threshold |
88.7 | (0.30) | 88.5 | (0.31) | 88.7 | (0.23) | 87.2 | (0.28) | 88.2 | (0.29) | 87.6 | (0.29) | 88.0 | (0.27) | 87.4 | (0.29) | 87.8 | (0.27) | 87.6 | (0.29) | ||||||||||
| 1 Respondents who wrote in some other race that was not included as an option on the questionnaire. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2 Highest education level of any parent residing with the child (including an adoptive or stepparent). Includes only children who resided with at least one of their parents. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3 Includes parents who completed high school through equivalency programs, such as a GED program. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 4 Includes parents with professional degrees. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 5 Includes only children who resided with at least one of their parents (including an adoptive or stepparent). Children in single-parent households resided with only one parent, while those in two-parent households resided with two parents. Estimates for parents' employment status do not include children with at least one parent younger than 16 years old, because the American Community Survey only asks employment questions for those 16 and older. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 6 Includes children in two-parent households where only one parent was employed, which are not shown separately. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 7 Includes children with two employed parents in two-parent households, as well as children in single-parent households where the parent was employed. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 8 Includes only children who are related to the householder by birth, marriage, or adoption. The householder is the person (or one of the people) who owns or rents (maintains) the housing unit. Children are considered to be in poverty if their family income falls below the Census Bureau's poverty threshold, which is a dollar amount that varies depending on a family's size and composition and is updated annually to account for inflation. For example, the poverty threshold for a family of four with two children was $25,926 in 2019. Respondents were interviewed throughout the year and reported on the income they received during the previous 12 months. Poverty status cannot be determined for unrelated children (e.g., foster children) because their family income is not known. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NOTE: Data are based on sample surveys of the entire population residing within the United States, including those living in group quarters (e.g., shelters, healthcare facilities, or correctional facilities). Race categories exclude persons of Hispanic ethnicity. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, American Community Survey (ACS), 2010 through 2019. (This table was prepared November 2020.) |