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| 2019 Tables and Figures | All Years of Tables and Figures | Most Recent Full Issue of the Digest |
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| Table 602.40. | Average reading literacy, mathematics literacy, and science literacy scores of 15-year-old students, by sex and country or other education system: Selected years, 2009 through 2018 |
| [Standard errors appear in parentheses] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Country or other education system | Reading literacy | Mathematics literacy | Science literacy | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2009 | 2012 | 2015 | 2018 | 2009 | 2012 | 2015 | 2018 | 2009 | 2012 | 2015 | 2018 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | Male | Female | Total | Male | Female | Total | Male | Female | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | ||||||||||||||||||
| OECD average1 | 490 | (0.5) | 493 | (0.5) | 490 | (0.5) | 487 | (0.4) | 472 | (0.5) | 502 | (0.5) | 492 | (0.5) | 490 | (0.5) | 487 | (0.4) | 489 | (0.4) | 492 | (0.5) | 487 | (0.5) | 498 | (0.5) | 498 | (0.5) | 491 | (0.4) | 489 | (0.4) | 488 | (0.5) | 490 | (0.5) |
| Australia | 515 | (2.3) | 512 | (1.6) | 503 | (1.7) | 503 | (1.6) | 487 | (2.2) | 519 | (2.0) | 514 | (2.5) | 504 | (1.6) | 494 | (1.6) | 491 | (1.9) | 494 | (2.4) | 488 | (2.5) | 527 | (2.5) | 521 | (1.8) | 510 | (1.5) | 503 | (1.8) | 504 | (2.4) | 502 | (2.0) |
| Austria | 470 | (2.9) | 490 | (2.8) | 485 | (2.8) | 484 | (2.7) | 471 | (3.7) | 499 | (3.7) | 496 | (2.7) | 506 | (2.7) | 497 | (2.9) | 499 | (3.0) | 505 | (3.9) | 492 | (3.8) | 494 | (3.2) | 506 | (2.7) | 495 | (2.4) | 490 | (2.8) | 491 | (3.8) | 489 | (3.6) |
| Belgium | 506 | (2.3) | 509 | (2.3) | 499 | (2.4) | 493 | (2.3) | 482 | (2.9) | 504 | (2.8) | 515 | (2.3) | 515 | (2.1) | 507 | (2.4) | 508 | (2.3) | 514 | (2.9) | 502 | (2.7) | 507 | (2.5) | 505 | (2.2) | 502 | (2.3) | 499 | (2.2) | 501 | (2.6) | 496 | (2.7) |
| Canada | 524 | (1.5) | 523 | (1.9) | 527 | (2.3) | 520 | (1.8) | 506 | (2.1) | 535 | (2.0) | 527 | (1.6) | 518 | (1.8) | 516 | (2.3) | 512 | (2.4) | 514 | (2.5) | 510 | (2.7) | 529 | (1.6) | 525 | (1.9) | 528 | (2.1) | 518 | (2.2) | 516 | (2.7) | 520 | (2.5) |
| Chile | 449 | (3.1) | 441 | (2.9) | 459 | (2.6) | 452 | (2.6) | 442 | (3.4) | 462 | (2.9) | 421 | (3.1) | 423 | (3.1) | 423 | (2.5) | 417 | (2.4) | 421 | (3.3) | 414 | (2.7) | 447 | (2.9) | 445 | (2.9) | 447 | (2.4) | 444 | (2.4) | 445 | (3.2) | 442 | (2.6) |
Colombia |
413 | (3.7) | 403 | (3.4) | 425 | (2.9) | 412 | (3.3) | 407 | (4.0) | 417 | (3.3) | 381 | (3.2) | 376 | (2.9) | 390 | (2.3) | 391 | (3.0) | 401 | (3.8) | 381 | (3.1) | 402 | (3.6) | 399 | (3.1) | 416 | (2.4) | 413 | (3.1) | 420 | (3.8) | 407 | (2.9) |
| Czech Republic | 478 | (2.9) | 493 | (2.9) | 487 | (2.6) | 490 | (2.5) | 474 | (3.1) | 507 | (2.9) | 493 | (2.8) | 499 | (2.9) | 492 | (2.4) | 499 | (2.5) | 501 | (2.9) | 498 | (3.2) | 500 | (3.0) | 508 | (3.0) | 493 | (2.3) | 497 | (2.5) | 496 | (3.2) | 498 | (3.1) |
| Denmark | 495 | (2.1) | 496 | (2.6) | 500 | (2.5) | 501 | (1.8) | 486 | (2.3) | 516 | (2.3) | 503 | (2.6) | 500 | (2.3) | 511 | (2.2) | 509 | (1.7) | 511 | (2.3) | 507 | (2.3) | 499 | (2.5) | 498 | (2.7) | 502 | (2.4) | 493 | (1.9) | 492 | (2.5) | 494 | (2.2) |
| Estonia | 501 | (2.6) | 516 | (2.0) | 519 | (2.2) | 523 | (1.8) | 508 | (2.4) | 538 | (2.2) | 512 | (2.6) | 521 | (2.0) | 520 | (2.0) | 523 | (1.7) | 528 | (2.2) | 519 | (2.0) | 528 | (2.7) | 541 | (1.9) | 534 | (2.1) | 530 | (1.9) | 528 | (2.3) | 533 | (2.3) |
| Finland | 536 | (2.3) | 524 | (2.4) | 526 | (2.5) | 520 | (2.3) | 495 | (2.9) | 546 | (2.3) | 541 | (2.2) | 519 | (1.9) | 511 | (2.3) | 507 | (2.0) | 504 | (2.5) | 510 | (2.2) | 554 | (2.3) | 545 | (2.2) | 531 | (2.4) | 522 | (2.5) | 510 | (2.9) | 534 | (2.9) |
France |
496 | (3.4) | 505 | (2.8) | 499 | (2.5) | 493 | (2.3) | 480 | (2.8) | 505 | (2.8) | 497 | (3.1) | 495 | (2.5) | 493 | (2.1) | 495 | (2.3) | 499 | (2.7) | 492 | (2.8) | 498 | (3.6) | 499 | (2.6) | 495 | (2.1) | 493 | (2.2) | 493 | (2.7) | 493 | (2.8) |
| Germany | 497 | (2.7) | 508 | (2.8) | 509 | (3.0) | 498 | (3.0) | 486 | (3.4) | 512 | (3.2) | 513 | (2.9) | 514 | (2.9) | 506 | (2.9) | 500 | (2.6) | 503 | (3.0) | 496 | (3.1) | 520 | (2.8) | 524 | (3.0) | 509 | (2.7) | 503 | (2.9) | 502 | (3.2) | 504 | (3.3) |
| Greece | 483 | (4.3) | 477 | (3.3) | 467 | (4.3) | 457 | (3.6) | 437 | (4.2) | 479 | (3.7) | 466 | (3.9) | 453 | (2.5) | 454 | (3.8) | 451 | (3.1) | 452 | (3.9) | 451 | (3.2) | 470 | (4.0) | 467 | (3.1) | 455 | (3.9) | 452 | (3.1) | 446 | (3.8) | 457 | (3.2) |
| Hungary | 494 | (3.2) | 488 | (3.2) | 470 | (2.7) | 476 | (2.3) | 463 | (2.8) | 489 | (3.2) | 490 | (3.5) | 477 | (3.2) | 477 | (2.5) | 481 | (2.3) | 486 | (3.0) | 477 | (3.2) | 503 | (3.1) | 494 | (2.9) | 477 | (2.4) | 481 | (2.3) | 484 | (3.1) | 478 | (3.1) |
| Iceland | 500 | (1.4) | 483 | (1.8) | 482 | (2.0) | 474 | (1.7) | 454 | (2.5) | 494 | (2.6) | 507 | (1.4) | 493 | (1.7) | 488 | (2.0) | 495 | (2.0) | 490 | (2.5) | 500 | (2.9) | 496 | (1.4) | 478 | (2.1) | 473 | (1.7) | 475 | (1.8) | 471 | (2.3) | 479 | (2.8) |
Ireland |
496 | (3.0) | 523 | (2.6) | 521 | (2.5) | 518 | (2.2) | 506 | (3.0) | 530 | (2.5) | 487 | (2.5) | 501 | (2.2) | 504 | (2.1) | 500 | (2.2) | 503 | (2.9) | 497 | (2.7) | 508 | (3.3) | 522 | (2.5) | 503 | (2.4) | 496 | (2.2) | 495 | (3.0) | 497 | (2.6) |
| Israel | 474 | (3.6) | 486 | (5.0) | 479 | (3.8) | 470 | (3.7) | 445 | (5.6) | 493 | (3.7) | 447 | (3.3) | 466 | (4.7) | 470 | (3.6) | 463 | (3.5) | 458 | (5.2) | 467 | (3.5) | 455 | (3.1) | 470 | (5.0) | 467 | (3.4) | 462 | (3.6) | 452 | (5.3) | 471 | (3.5) |
| Italy | 486 | (1.6) | 490 | (2.0) | 485 | (2.7) | 476 | (2.4) | 464 | (3.1) | 489 | (2.7) | 483 | (1.9) | 485 | (2.0) | 490 | (2.8) | 487 | (2.8) | 494 | (3.3) | 479 | (3.1) | 489 | (1.8) | 494 | (1.9) | 481 | (2.5) | 468 | (2.4) | 470 | (3.0) | 466 | (2.6) |
| Japan | 520 | (3.5) | 538 | (3.7) | 516 | (3.2) | 504 | (2.7) | 493 | (3.8) | 514 | (3.0) | 529 | (3.3) | 536 | (3.6) | 532 | (3.0) | 527 | (2.5) | 532 | (3.4) | 522 | (2.9) | 539 | (3.4) | 547 | (3.6) | 538 | (3.0) | 529 | (2.6) | 531 | (3.5) | 528 | (3.0) |
| Korea, Republic of | 539 | (3.5) | 536 | (3.9) | 517 | (3.5) | 514 | (2.9) | 503 | (4.0) | 526 | (3.6) | 546 | (4.0) | 554 | (4.6) | 524 | (3.7) | 526 | (3.1) | 528 | (4.1) | 524 | (4.0) | 538 | (3.4) | 538 | (3.7) | 516 | (3.1) | 519 | (2.8) | 521 | (3.9) | 517 | (3.6) |
Latvia |
484 | (3.0) | 489 | (2.4) | 488 | (1.8) | 479 | (1.6) | 462 | (2.2) | 495 | (2.0) | 482 | (3.1) | 491 | (2.8) | 482 | (1.9) | 496 | (2.0) | 500 | (2.2) | 493 | (2.5) | 494 | (3.1) | 502 | (2.8) | 490 | (1.6) | 487 | (1.8) | 483 | (2.2) | 491 | (2.4) |
| Lithuania | 468 | (2.4) | 477 | (2.5) | 472 | (2.7) | 476 | (1.5) | 457 | (1.8) | 496 | (1.8) | 477 | (2.6) | 479 | (2.6) | 478 | (2.3) | 481 | (2.0) | 480 | (2.4) | 482 | (2.7) | 491 | (2.9) | 496 | (2.6) | 475 | (2.7) | 482 | (1.6) | 479 | (2.3) | 485 | (2.1) |
| Luxembourg | 472 | (1.3) | 488 | (1.5) | 481 | (1.4) | 470 | (1.1) | 456 | (1.5) | 485 | (1.6) | 489 | (1.2) | 490 | (1.1) | 486 | (1.3) | 483 | (1.1) | 487 | (1.5) | 480 | (1.7) | 484 | (1.2) | 491 | (1.3) | 483 | (1.1) | 477 | (1.2) | 475 | (1.7) | 479 | (1.7) |
| Mexico | 425 | (2.0) | 424 | (1.5) | 423 | (2.6) | 420 | (2.7) | 415 | (3.1) | 426 | (3.0) | 419 | (1.8) | 413 | (1.4) | 408 | (2.2) | 409 | (2.5) | 415 | (2.9) | 403 | (2.7) | 416 | (1.8) | 415 | (1.3) | 416 | (2.1) | 419 | (2.6) | 424 | (2.8) | 415 | (2.9) |
| Netherlands | 508 | (5.1) | 511 | (3.5) | 503 | (2.4) | 485 | (2.7) | 470 | (3.5) | 499 | (2.6) | 526 | (4.7) | 523 | (3.5) | 512 | (2.2) | 519 | (2.6) | 520 | (3.5) | 519 | (2.7) | 522 | (5.4) | 522 | (3.5) | 509 | (2.3) | 503 | (2.8) | 499 | (3.6) | 508 | (3.1) |
New Zealand |
521 | (2.4) | 512 | (2.4) | 509 | (2.4) | 506 | (2.0) | 491 | (2.7) | 520 | (2.7) | 519 | (2.3) | 500 | (2.2) | 495 | (2.3) | 494 | (1.7) | 499 | (2.5) | 490 | (2.3) | 532 | (2.6) | 516 | (2.1) | 513 | (2.4) | 508 | (2.1) | 509 | (2.9) | 508 | (2.8) |
| Norway | 503 | (2.6) | 504 | (3.2) | 513 | (2.5) | 499 | (2.2) | 476 | (2.6) | 523 | (2.6) | 498 | (2.4) | 489 | (2.7) | 502 | (2.2) | 501 | (2.2) | 497 | (2.5) | 505 | (2.6) | 500 | (2.6) | 495 | (3.1) | 498 | (2.3) | 490 | (2.3) | 485 | (2.6) | 496 | (2.8) |
| Poland | 500 | (2.6) | 518 | (3.1) | 506 | (2.5) | 512 | (2.7) | 495 | (3.0) | 528 | (2.9) | 495 | (2.8) | 518 | (3.6) | 504 | (2.4) | 516 | (2.6) | 516 | (2.9) | 515 | (3.1) | 508 | (2.4) | 526 | (3.1) | 501 | (2.5) | 511 | (2.6) | 511 | (2.8) | 511 | (3.1) |
| Portugal | 489 | (3.1) | 488 | (3.8) | 498 | (2.7) | 492 | (2.4) | 480 | (2.8) | 504 | (2.9) | 487 | (2.9) | 487 | (3.8) | 492 | (2.5) | 492 | (2.7) | 497 | (3.0) | 488 | (3.1) | 493 | (2.9) | 489 | (3.7) | 501 | (2.4) | 492 | (2.8) | 494 | (3.0) | 489 | (3.3) |
| Slovak Republic | 477 | (2.5) | 463 | (4.2) | 453 | (2.8) | 458 | (2.2) | 441 | (2.7) | 475 | (3.0) | 497 | (3.1) | 482 | (3.4) | 475 | (2.7) | 486 | (2.6) | 488 | (3.2) | 484 | (3.2) | 490 | (3.0) | 471 | (3.6) | 461 | (2.6) | 464 | (2.3) | 461 | (2.8) | 467 | (3.0) |
Slovenia |
483 | (1.0) | 481 | (1.2) | 505 | (1.5) | 495 | (1.2) | 475 | (1.7) | 517 | (1.9) | 501 | (1.2) | 501 | (1.2) | 510 | (1.3) | 509 | (1.4) | 509 | (1.9) | 509 | (1.8) | 512 | (1.1) | 514 | (1.3) | 513 | (1.3) | 507 | (1.3) | 502 | (1.6) | 512 | (2.0) |
| Spain | 481 | (2.0) | 488 | (1.9) | 496 | (2.4) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 483 | (2.1) | 484 | (1.9) | 486 | (2.2) | 481 | (1.5) | 485 | (2.1) | 478 | (1.5) | 488 | (2.1) | 496 | (1.8) | 493 | (2.1) | 483 | (1.6) | 484 | (1.9) | 482 | (1.8) |
| Sweden | 497 | (2.9) | 483 | (3.0) | 500 | (3.5) | 506 | (3.0) | 489 | (3.2) | 523 | (3.4) | 494 | (2.9) | 478 | (2.3) | 494 | (3.2) | 502 | (2.7) | 502 | (3.1) | 503 | (3.1) | 495 | (2.7) | 485 | (3.0) | 493 | (3.6) | 499 | (3.1) | 496 | (3.2) | 503 | (3.7) |
| Switzerland | 501 | (2.4) | 509 | (2.6) | 492 | (3.0) | 484 | (3.1) | 469 | (3.4) | 500 | (3.2) | 534 | (3.3) | 531 | (3.0) | 521 | (2.9) | 515 | (2.9) | 519 | (3.0) | 512 | (3.5) | 517 | (2.8) | 515 | (2.7) | 506 | (2.9) | 495 | (3.0) | 495 | (3.3) | 495 | (3.3) |
| Turkey | 464 | (3.5) | 475 | (4.2) | 428 | (4.0) | 466 | (2.2) | 453 | (3.0) | 478 | (2.7) | 445 | (4.4) | 448 | (4.8) | 420 | (4.1) | 454 | (2.3) | 456 | (3.2) | 451 | (2.9) | 454 | (3.6) | 463 | (3.9) | 425 | (3.9) | 468 | (2.0) | 465 | (2.9) | 472 | (2.5) |
United Kingdom |
494 | (2.3) | 499 | (3.5) | 498 | (2.8) | 504 | (2.6) | 494 | (3.2) | 514 | (3.1) | 492 | (2.4) | 494 | (3.3) | 492 | (2.5) | 502 | (2.6) | 508 | (3.2) | 496 | (3.0) | 514 | (2.5) | 514 | (3.4) | 509 | (2.6) | 505 | (2.6) | 506 | (3.1) | 503 | (3.2) |
| United States | 500 | (3.7) | 498 | (3.7) | 497 | (3.4) | 505 | (3.6) | 494 | (4.2) | 517 | (3.6) | 487 | (3.6) | 481 | (3.6) | 470 | (3.2) | 478 | (3.2) | 482 | (3.9) | 474 | (3.3) | 502 | (3.6) | 497 | (3.8) | 496 | (3.2) | 502 | (3.3) | 503 | (3.9) | 502 | (3.5) |
Non-OECD education systems |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Albania | 385 | (4.0) | 394 | (3.2) | 405 | (4.1) | 405 | (1.9) | 387 | (2.2) | 425 | (2.2) | 377 | (4.0) | 394 | (2.0) | 413 | (3.4) | 437 | (2.4) | 435 | (2.8) | 440 | (2.7) | 391 | (3.9) | 397 | (2.4) | 427 | (3.3) | 417 | (2.0) | 409 | (2.5) | 425 | (2.0) |
| Algeria | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 350 | (3.0) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 360 | (3.0) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 376 | (2.6) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) |
| Argentina2 | 398 | (4.6) | 396 | (3.7) | 425 | (3.2) | 402 | (3.0) | 393 | (3.4) | 409 | (3.1) | 388 | (4.1) | 388 | (3.5) | 409 | (3.1) | 379 | (2.8) | 387 | (3.2) | 372 | (2.7) | 401 | (4.6) | 406 | (3.9) | 432 | (2.9) | 404 | (2.9) | 409 | (3.3) | 399 | (3.3) |
| Baku (Azerbaijan) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 389 | (2.5) | 377 | (2.6) | 403 | (2.8) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 420 | (2.8) | 423 | (3.1) | 416 | (3.2) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 398 | (2.4) | 395 | (2.7) | 400 | (2.6) |
| Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang (China) |
--- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 555 | (2.7) | 549 | (3.1) | 562 | (2.8) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 591 | (2.5) | 597 | (2.9) | 586 | (2.6) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 590 | (2.7) | 596 | (2.9) | 584 | (2.9) |
Belarus |
--- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 474 | (2.4) | 463 | (2.8) | 486 | (2.8) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 472 | (2.7) | 475 | (3.2) | 469 | (3.1) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 471 | (2.4) | 473 | (3.0) | 470 | (2.8) |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 403 | (2.9) | 389 | (2.9) | 418 | (3.5) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 406 | (3.1) | 408 | (3.3) | 405 | (3.7) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 398 | (2.7) | 398 | (3.1) | 399 | (3.2) |
| Brazil | 412 | (2.7) | 407 | (2.0) | 407 | (2.8) | 413 | (2.1) | 400 | (2.5) | 426 | (2.2) | 386 | (2.4) | 389 | (1.9) | 377 | (2.9) | 384 | (2.0) | 388 | (2.6) | 379 | (2.0) | 405 | (2.4) | 402 | (2.1) | 401 | (2.3) | 404 | (2.1) | 403 | (2.5) | 404 | (2.1) |
| Brunei Darussalam | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 408 | (0.9) | 393 | (1.2) | 423 | (1.2) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 430 | (1.2) | 426 | (1.7) | 434 | (1.3) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 431 | (1.2) | 427 | (1.6) | 435 | (1.6) |
| Bulgaria | 429 | (6.7) | 436 | (6.0) | 432 | (5.0) | 420 | (3.9) | 401 | (4.8) | 441 | (4.1) | 428 | (5.9) | 439 | (4.0) | 441 | (4.0) | 436 | (3.8) | 435 | (4.9) | 437 | (3.9) | 439 | (5.9) | 446 | (4.8) | 446 | (4.4) | 424 | (3.6) | 417 | (4.5) | 432 | (3.8) |
Chinese Taipei |
495 | (2.6) | 523 | (3.0) | 497 | (2.5) | 503 | (2.8) | 492 | (4.1) | 514 | (3.9) | 543 | (3.4) | 560 | (3.3) | 542 | (3.0) | 531 | (2.9) | 533 | (4.3) | 529 | (4.1) | 520 | (2.6) | 523 | (2.3) | 532 | (2.7) | 516 | (2.9) | 516 | (4.1) | 515 | (4.1) |
| Costa Rica | --- | (†) | 441 | (3.5) | 427 | (2.6) | 426 | (3.4) | 419 | (3.1) | 434 | (4.3) | --- | (†) | 407 | (3.0) | 400 | (2.5) | 402 | (3.3) | 411 | (3.1) | 394 | (4.5) | --- | (†) | 429 | (2.9) | 420 | (2.1) | 416 | (3.3) | 420 | (3.0) | 411 | (4.3) |
| Croatia | 476 | (2.9) | 485 | (3.3) | 487 | (2.7) | 479 | (2.7) | 462 | (3.3) | 495 | (2.9) | 460 | (3.1) | 471 | (3.5) | 464 | (2.8) | 464 | (2.5) | 469 | (3.0) | 460 | (3.4) | 486 | (2.8) | 491 | (3.1) | 475 | (2.5) | 472 | (2.8) | 470 | (3.5) | 474 | (3.4) |
| Cyprus | --- | (†) | 449 | (1.2) | 443 | (1.7) | 424 | (1.4) | 401 | (1.8) | 448 | (1.8) | --- | (†) | 440 | (1.1) | 437 | (1.7) | 451 | (1.4) | 447 | (1.9) | 455 | (1.7) | --- | (†) | 438 | (1.2) | 433 | (1.4) | 439 | (1.4) | 429 | (2.1) | 450 | (1.9) |
| Dominican Republic | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 358 | (3.1) | 342 | (2.9) | 326 | (3.1) | 357 | (2.9) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 328 | (2.7) | 325 | (2.6) | 324 | (3.0) | 327 | (2.9) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 332 | (2.6) | 336 | (2.5) | 331 | (2.8) | 340 | (2.7) |
Georgia |
--- | (†) | --- | (†) | 401 | (3.0) | 380 | (2.2) | 362 | (2.6) | 399 | (2.4) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 404 | (2.8) | 398 | (2.6) | 396 | (3.3) | 400 | (2.6) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 411 | (2.4) | 383 | (2.3) | 376 | (2.9) | 390 | (2.6) |
| Hong Kong (China) | 533 | (2.1) | 545 | (2.8) | 527 | (2.7) | 524 | (2.7) | 507 | (3.5) | 542 | (2.8) | 555 | (2.7) | 561 | (3.2) | 548 | (3.0) | 551 | (3.0) | 548 | (3.6) | 554 | (3.4) | 549 | (2.8) | 555 | (2.6) | 523 | (2.5) | 517 | (2.5) | 512 | (3.4) | 521 | (2.8) |
| Indonesia | 402 | (3.7) | 396 | (4.2) | 397 | (2.9) | 371 | (2.6) | 358 | (3.2) | 383 | (2.7) | 371 | (3.7) | 375 | (4.0) | 386 | (3.1) | 379 | (3.1) | 374 | (3.6) | 383 | (3.5) | 383 | (3.8) | 382 | (3.8) | 403 | (2.6) | 396 | (2.4) | 393 | (2.9) | 399 | (2.5) |
| Jordan | 405 | (3.3) | 399 | (3.6) | 408 | (2.9) | 419 | (2.9) | 393 | (5.0) | 444 | (2.5) | 387 | (3.7) | 386 | (3.1) | 380 | (2.7) | 400 | (3.3) | 397 | (5.2) | 403 | (3.1) | 415 | (3.5) | 409 | (3.1) | 409 | (2.7) | 429 | (2.9) | 414 | (4.9) | 444 | (3.0) |
| Kazakhstan2 | 390 | (3.1) | 393 | (2.7) | 427 | (3.4) | 387 | (1.5) | 374 | (1.7) | 401 | (1.6) | 405 | (3.0) | 432 | (3.0) | 460 | (4.3) | 423 | (1.9) | 424 | (2.0) | 422 | (2.6) | 400 | (3.1) | 425 | (3.0) | 456 | (3.7) | 397 | (1.7) | 394 | (2.0) | 401 | (2.1) |
Kosovo |
--- | (†) | --- | (†) | 347 | (1.6) | 353 | (1.1) | 340 | (1.5) | 366 | (1.5) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 362 | (1.6) | 366 | (1.5) | 368 | (2.1) | 364 | (1.9) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 378 | (1.7) | 365 | (1.2) | 362 | (1.8) | 368 | (1.4) |
| Lebanon | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 347 | (4.4) | 353 | (4.3) | 338 | (5.0) | 366 | (4.4) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 396 | (3.7) | 393 | (4.0) | 394 | (5.0) | 393 | (4.0) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 386 | (3.4) | 384 | (3.5) | 381 | (4.2) | 386 | (3.6) |
| Macao (China) | 487 | (0.9) | 509 | (0.9) | 509 | (1.3) | 525 | (1.2) | 514 | (1.9) | 536 | (1.8) | 525 | (0.9) | 538 | (1.0) | 544 | (1.1) | 558 | (1.5) | 560 | (2.2) | 556 | (2.2) | 511 | (1.0) | 521 | (0.8) | 529 | (1.1) | 544 | (1.5) | 543 | (2.1) | 545 | (2.0) |
| Malaysia2 | --- | (†) | 398 | (3.3) | 431 | (3.5) | 415 | (2.9) | 402 | (3.1) | 428 | (3.3) | --- | (†) | 421 | (3.2) | 446 | (3.3) | 440 | (2.9) | 437 | (3.5) | 443 | (3.2) | --- | (†) | 420 | (3.0) | 443 | (3.0) | 438 | (2.7) | 434 | (3.0) | 441 | (3.2) |
| Malta | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 447 | (1.8) | 448 | (1.7) | 425 | (2.4) | 474 | (2.4) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 479 | (1.7) | 472 | (1.9) | 466 | (2.4) | 478 | (2.7) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 465 | (1.6) | 457 | (1.9) | 447 | (2.4) | 468 | (2.5) |
Moldova, Republic of |
--- | (†) | --- | (†) | 416 | (2.5) | 424 | (2.4) | 404 | (2.6) | 445 | (2.7) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 420 | (2.5) | 421 | (2.4) | 420 | (2.7) | 422 | (2.9) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 428 | (2.0) | 428 | (2.3) | 423 | (2.6) | 434 | (2.8) |
| Montenegro, Republic of | 408 | (1.7) | 422 | (1.2) | 427 | (1.6) | 421 | (1.1) | 407 | (1.6) | 437 | (1.2) | 403 | (2.0) | 410 | (1.1) | 418 | (1.5) | 430 | (1.2) | 434 | (1.9) | 425 | (2.2) | 401 | (2.0) | 410 | (1.1) | 411 | (1.0) | 415 | (1.3) | 413 | (1.9) | 418 | (1.6) |
| Morocco | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 359 | (3.1) | 347 | (3.2) | 373 | (3.1) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 368 | (3.3) | 368 | (3.7) | 367 | (3.4) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 377 | (3.0) | 372 | (3.1) | 381 | (3.3) |
| North Macedonia | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 352 | (1.4) | 393 | (1.1) | 368 | (1.5) | 420 | (1.7) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 371 | (1.3) | 394 | (1.6) | 391 | (1.9) | 398 | (2.1) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 384 | (1.2) | 413 | (1.4) | 404 | (2.2) | 423 | (2.0) |
| Panama | ‡ | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 377 | (3.0) | 370 | (3.4) | 384 | (3.1) | ‡ | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 353 | (2.7) | 357 | (3.4) | 349 | (3.0) | ‡ | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 365 | (2.9) | 365 | (3.2) | 364 | (3.2) |
Peru |
370 | (4.0) | 384 | (4.3) | 398 | (2.9) | 401 | (3.0) | 395 | (3.4) | 406 | (3.2) | 365 | (4.0) | 368 | (3.7) | 387 | (2.7) | 400 | (2.6) | 408 | (3.3) | 392 | (2.6) | 369 | (3.5) | 373 | (3.6) | 397 | (2.4) | 404 | (2.7) | 411 | (3.2) | 397 | (2.7) |
| Philippines | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 340 | (3.3) | 325 | (3.4) | 352 | (3.5) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 353 | (3.5) | 346 | (4.0) | 358 | (3.7) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 357 | (3.2) | 355 | (3.4) | 359 | (3.7) |
| Qatar | 372 | (0.8) | 388 | (0.8) | 402 | (1.0) | 407 | (0.8) | 375 | (1.1) | 440 | (1.1) | 368 | (0.7) | 376 | (0.8) | 402 | (1.3) | 414 | (1.2) | 402 | (1.4) | 426 | (1.5) | 379 | (0.9) | 384 | (0.7) | 418 | (1.0) | 419 | (0.9) | 400 | (1.4) | 439 | (1.5) |
| Romania | 424 | (4.1) | 438 | (4.0) | 434 | (4.1) | 428 | (5.1) | 411 | (4.9) | 445 | (5.6) | 427 | (3.4) | 445 | (3.8) | 444 | (3.8) | 430 | (4.9) | 432 | (4.9) | 427 | (5.6) | 428 | (3.4) | 439 | (3.3) | 435 | (3.2) | 426 | (4.6) | 425 | (4.6) | 426 | (5.2) |
| Russian Federation | 459 | (3.3) | 475 | (3.0) | 495 | (3.1) | 479 | (3.1) | 466 | (3.2) | 491 | (3.3) | 468 | (3.3) | 482 | (3.0) | 494 | (3.1) | 488 | (3.0) | 490 | (3.2) | 485 | (3.1) | 478 | (3.3) | 486 | (2.9) | 487 | (2.9) | 478 | (2.9) | 477 | (3.0) | 478 | (3.2) |
Saudi Arabia |
--- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 399 | (3.0) | 373 | (4.0) | 427 | (3.3) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 373 | (3.0) | 367 | (3.8) | 380 | (4.0) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 386 | (2.8) | 372 | (3.9) | 401 | (3.4) |
| Serbia, Republic of | ‡ | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 439 | (3.3) | 422 | (3.7) | 458 | (3.5) | ‡ | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 448 | (3.2) | 450 | (3.9) | 447 | (3.4) | ‡ | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 440 | (3.0) | 437 | (3.8) | 442 | (3.4) |
| Singapore | 526 | (1.1) | 542 | (1.4) | 535 | (1.6) | 549 | (1.6) | 538 | (2.0) | 561 | (1.9) | 562 | (1.4) | 573 | (1.3) | 564 | (1.5) | 569 | (1.6) | 571 | (1.6) | 567 | (2.3) | 542 | (1.4) | 551 | (1.5) | 556 | (1.2) | 551 | (1.5) | 553 | (2.0) | 549 | (1.9) |
| Thailand | 421 | (2.6) | 441 | (3.1) | 409 | (3.3) | 393 | (3.2) | 372 | (4.2) | 411 | (3.4) | 419 | (3.2) | 427 | (3.4) | 415 | (3.0) | 419 | (3.4) | 410 | (4.9) | 426 | (3.7) | 425 | (3.0) | 444 | (2.9) | 421 | (2.8) | 426 | (3.2) | 415 | (4.3) | 435 | (3.6) |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 416 | (1.2) | --- | (†) | 427 | (1.5) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 414 | (1.3) | --- | (†) | 417 | (1.4) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 410 | (1.2) | --- | (†) | 425 | (1.4) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) |
Tunisia |
404 | (2.9) | 404 | (4.5) | 361 | (3.1) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 371 | (3.0) | 388 | (3.9) | 367 | (3.0) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 401 | (2.7) | 398 | (3.5) | 386 | (2.1) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) |
| Ukraine | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 466 | (3.5) | 450 | (4.2) | 484 | (3.6) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 453 | (3.6) | 456 | (4.3) | 449 | (3.9) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 469 | (3.3) | 470 | (3.9) | 468 | (3.6) |
| United Arab Emirates | --- | (†) | 442 | (2.5) | 434 | (2.9) | 432 | (2.3) | 403 | (2.4) | 460 | (2.8) | --- | (†) | 434 | (2.4) | 427 | (2.4) | 435 | (2.1) | 430 | (2.4) | 439 | (2.8) | --- | (†) | 448 | (2.8) | 437 | (2.4) | 434 | (2.0) | 420 | (2.1) | 447 | (2.8) |
| Uruguay | 426 | (2.6) | 411 | (3.2) | 437 | (2.5) | 427 | (2.8) | 415 | (3.3) | 438 | (3.0) | 427 | (2.6) | 409 | (2.8) | 418 | (2.5) | 418 | (2.6) | 422 | (3.3) | 414 | (3.0) | 427 | (2.6) | 416 | (2.8) | 435 | (2.2) | 426 | (2.5) | 428 | (3.2) | 424 | (2.7) |
| Vietnam | --- | (†) | 508 | (4.4) | 487 | (3.7) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 511 | (4.8) | 495 | (4.5) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 528 | (4.3) | 525 | (3.9) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) |
| ---Not available. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| †Not applicable. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ‡Reporting standards not met. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 Refers to the mean of the data values for all Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries, to which each country contributes equally regardless of the absolute size of the student population of each country. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2 In 2015, coverage is too small to ensure comparability. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NOTE: Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) scores are reported on a scale from 0 to 1,000. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SOURCE: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Program for International Student Assessment (PISA), selected years, 2009 through 2018; retrieved December 18, 2019, from https://pisadataexplorer.oecd.org/ide/idepisa/. (This table was prepared December 2019.) |
