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Table 314.10. | Total and full-time-equivalent (FTE) staff and FTE student/FTE staff ratios in postsecondary institutions participating in Title IV aid programs, by degree-granting status, control of institution, and primary occupation: Fall 1999, fall 2009, and fall 2018 |
Degree-granting status, control of institution, and primary occupation | Fall 1999 | Fall 2009 | Fall 2018 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Full-time-equivalent (FTE) | Total | Full-time-equivalent (FTE) | Total | Full-time-equivalent (FTE) | |||||||
Number | Per-cent | Total | FTE stu-dents per FTE staff | Number | Per-cent | Total | FTE stu-dents per FTE staff | Number | Per-cent | Total | FTE stu-dents per FTE staff | |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 |
All Title IV institutions1 | 2,964,535 | 100.0 | 2,299,290 | 4.9 | 3,795,744 | 100.0 | 2,885,823 | 5.5 | 3,983,860 | 100.0 | 3,054,431 | 4.9 |
Faculty (instruction/research/ public service) |
1,072,202 | 36.2 | 765,284 | 14.8 | 1,476,716 | 38.9 | 992,148 | 16.0 | 1,573,995 | 39.5 | 1,090,567 | 13.8 |
Graduate assistants | 242,525 | 8.2 | 80,842 | 139.8 | 343,204 | 9.0 | 114,401 | 138.6 | 382,715 | 9.6 | 127,572 | 118.3 |
Other staff | 1,649,808 | 55.7 | 1,453,164 | 7.8 | 1,975,824 | 52.1 | 1,779,273 | 8.9 | 2,027,150 | 50.9 | 1,836,293 | 8.2 |
Degree-granting institutions2 |
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Total | 2,902,479 | 100.0 | 2,252,050 | 4.9 | 3,724,661 | 100.0 | 2,829,757 | 5.4 | 3,923,374 | 100.0 | 3,007,701 | 4.9 |
Faculty (instruction/research/ public service) |
1,037,529 | 35.7 | 741,426 | 14.8 | 1,439,074 | 38.6 | 965,793 | 15.9 | 1,542,613 | 39.3 | 1,068,950 | 13.8 |
Graduate assistants | 240,995 | 8.3 | 80,332 | 136.6 | 343,204 | 9.2 | 114,401 | 134.4 | 382,715 | 9.8 | 127,572 | 115.9 |
Other staff | 1,623,955 | 56.0 | 1,430,292 | 7.7 | 1,942,383 | 52.1 | 1,749,563 | 8.8 | 1,998,046 | 50.9 | 1,811,179 | 8.2 |
Public |
1,999,704 | 100.0 | 1,524,881 | 5.3 | 2,442,693 | 100.0 | 1,832,312 | 5.9 | 2,586,155 | 100.0 | 1,962,958 | 5.4 |
Faculty (instruction/research/ public service) |
718,585 | 35.9 | 511,400 | 15.8 | 913,788 | 37.4 | 623,675 | 17.2 | 980,835 | 37.9 | 688,784 | 15.3 |
Graduate assistants | 201,611 | 10.1 | 67,204 | 119.9 | 275,878 | 11.3 | 91,959 | 116.9 | 299,271 | 11.6 | 99,757 | 105.5 |
Other staff | 1,079,508 | 54.0 | 946,277 | 8.5 | 1,253,027 | 51.3 | 1,116,678 | 9.6 | 1,306,049 | 50.5 | 1,174,418 | 9.0 |
Private nonprofit |
847,615 | 100.0 | 688,914 | 3.7 | 1,074,042 | 100.0 | 856,067 | 3.7 | 1,221,378 | 100.0 | 969,106 | 3.6 |
Faculty (instruction/research/ public service) |
288,663 | 34.1 | 213,130 | 11.9 | 408,382 | 38.0 | 287,116 | 11.1 | 491,014 | 40.2 | 346,152 | 10.2 |
Graduate assistants | 37,421 | 4.4 | 12,474 | 203.8 | 67,057 | 6.2 | 22,352 | 142.3 | 83,077 | 6.8 | 27,692 | 127.0 |
Other staff | 521,531 | 61.5 | 463,310 | 5.5 | 598,603 | 55.7 | 546,599 | 5.8 | 647,287 | 53.0 | 595,262 | 5.9 |
Private for-profit |
55,160 | 100.0 | 38,255 | 9.8 | 207,926 | 100.0 | 141,378 | 10.3 | 115,841 | 100.0 | 75,636 | 9.9 |
Faculty (instruction/research/ public service) |
30,281 | 54.9 | 16,896 | 22.1 | 116,904 | 56.2 | 55,002 | 26.4 | 70,764 | 61.1 | 34,015 | 22.0 |
Graduate assistants | 1,963 | 3.6 | 654 | 570.3 | 269 | 0.1 | 90 | 16,188.6 | 367 | 0.3 | 122 | 6,104.7 |
Other staff | 22,916 | 41.5 | 20,705 | 18.0 | 90,753 | 43.6 | 86,286 | 16.8 | 44,710 | 38.6 | 41,499 | 18.0 |
Non-degree-granting institutions3 |
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Total | 62,056 | 100.0 | 47,239 | 6.9 | 71,083 | 100.0 | 56,066 | 8.5 | 60,486 | 100.0 | 46,731 | 6.4 |
Faculty (instruction/research/ public service) |
34,673 | 55.9 | 23,858 | 13.7 | 37,642 | 53.0 | 26,355 | 18.1 | 31,382 | 51.9 | 21,617 | 13.9 |
Graduate assistants | 1,530 | 2.5 | 510 | 641.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | † | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | † |
Other staff | 25,853 | 41.7 | 22,872 | 14.3 | 33,441 | 47.0 | 29,710 | 16.1 | 29,104 | 48.1 | 25,114 | 12.0 |
Public |
29,220 | 100.0 | 21,583 | 5.8 | 21,599 | 100.0 | 15,728 | 6.0 | 22,262 | 100.0 | 16,182 | 4.6 |
Faculty (instruction/research/ public service) |
18,085 | 61.9 | 12,040 | 10.4 | 13,266 | 61.4 | 8,510 | 11.0 | 11,815 | 53.1 | 7,473 | 10.0 |
Graduate assistants | 487 | 1.7 | 162 | 774.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | † | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | † |
Other staff | 10,648 | 36.4 | 9,380 | 13.4 | 8,333 | 38.6 | 7,218 | 13.0 | 10,447 | 46.9 | 8,709 | 8.6 |
Private nonprofit |
4,712 | 100.0 | 3,677 | 6.4 | 5,087 | 100.0 | 4,141 | 5.7 | 3,052 | 100.0 | 2,419 | 5.2 |
Faculty (instruction/research/ public service) |
2,365 | 50.2 | 1,674 | 14.0 | 2,442 | 48.0 | 1,834 | 12.8 | 1,473 | 48.3 | 1,085 | 11.6 |
Graduate assistants | 78 | 1.7 | 26 | 902.1 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | † | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | † |
Other staff | 2,269 | 48.2 | 1,976 | 11.9 | 2,645 | 52.0 | 2,307 | 10.2 | 1,579 | 51.7 | 1,334 | 9.4 |
Private for-profit |
28,124 | 100.0 | 21,980 | 8.1 | 44,397 | 100.0 | 36,197 | 9.9 | 35,172 | 100.0 | 28,129 | 7.6 |
Faculty (instruction/research/ public service) |
14,223 | 50.6 | 10,143 | 17.5 | 21,934 | 49.4 | 16,011 | 22.5 | 18,094 | 51.4 | 13,059 | 16.3 |
Graduate assistants | 965 | 3.4 | 322 | 552.8 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | † | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | † |
Other staff | 12,936 | 46.0 | 11,515 | 15.4 | 22,463 | 50.6 | 20,186 | 17.8 | 17,078 | 48.6 | 15,071 | 14.2 |
†Not applicable. | ||||||||||||
1 Includes degree-granting and non-degree-granting institutions. | ||||||||||||
2 Degree-granting institutions grant associate’s or higher degrees and participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs. | ||||||||||||
3 Data are for institutions that did not offer accredited 4-year or 2-year degree programs, but were participating in Title IV federal financial aid programs. Includes some institutions transitioning to higher level program offerings, though still classified at a lower level. | ||||||||||||
NOTE: Full-time-equivalent staff is the full-time staff, plus the full-time equivalent of the part-time staff. Data for 2009 and 2018 include institutions with fewer than 15 full-time employees; these institutions did not report staff data prior to 2007. By definition, all graduate assistants are part time. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. | ||||||||||||
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), "Fall Enrollment Survey" (IPEDS-EF:99) and "Fall Staff Survey" (IPEDS-S:99); IPEDS Spring 2010 and Spring 2019, Fall Enrollment component; IPEDS Winter 2009-10, Human Resources Component, Fall Staff Section; and IPEDS Spring 2019, Human Resources component, Fall Staff section. (This table was prepared November 2019.) |