- Surveys & Programs
- Data & Tools
- Fast Facts
- News & Events
- Publications & Products
- About Us
 |
| 2019 Tables and Figures | All Years of Tables and Figures | Most Recent Full Issue of the Digest |
 Previous Page |
Download Excel  (59KB) |
| Table 232.90. | Percentage of 12th-graders reporting use of alcohol and illicit drugs, by recency of use and substance used: Selected years, 1975 through 2019 |
| [Standard errors appear in parentheses] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frequency of use and substance used |
1975 | 1980 | 1985 | 1990 | 1995 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | |||||||||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | |||||||||||||
| Ever used | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alcohol1 | 90.4 | (0.69) | 93.2 | (0.46) | 92.2 | (0.48) | 89.5 | (0.57) | 80.7 | (0.73) | 80.3 | (0.80) | 75.1 | (0.81) | 71.0 | (0.84) | 64.0 | (0.94) | 61.2 | (0.99) | 61.5 | (0.95) | 58.5 | (0.93) | 58.5 | (0.96) |
Cigarettes |
--- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 64.2 | (0.90) | 62.5 | (0.99) | 50.0 | (0.96) | 42.2 | (0.93) | 31.1 | (0.92) | 28.3 | (0.93) | 26.6 | (0.88) | 23.8 | (0.82) | 22.3 | (0.83) |
Any vaping2 |
--- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 35.5 | (---) | 33.8 | (---) | 35.8 | (0.76) | 42.5 | (0.99) | 45.6 | (1.14) |
| Nicotine | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 25.0 | (0.75) | 34.0 | (1.08) | 40.8 | (1.25) |
| Marijuana | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 11.9 | (0.49) | 15.6 | (0.46) | 23.7 | (0.82) |
| Just Flavoring | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 30.7 | (0.68) | 34.1 | (0.85) | 29.0 | (0.72) |
| JUUL | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 33.0 | (0.76) |
Any illicit drug |
55.2 | (1.68) | 65.4 | (1.23) | 60.6 | (1.26) | 47.9 | (1.33) | 48.4 | (1.32) | 54.0 | (1.44) | 50.4 | (1.35) | 48.2 | (1.33) | 48.9 | (1.40) | 48.3 | (1.46) | 48.9 | (1.41) | 47.8 | (1.36) | 47.4 | (1.40) |
| Marijuana only | 19.0 | (1.32) | 26.7 | (1.15) | 20.9 | (1.05) | 18.5 | (1.03) | 20.3 | (1.06) | 25.0 | (1.25) | 23.0 | (1.14) | 23.5 | (1.13) | 27.8 | (1.25) | 27.6 | (1.30) | 29.4 | (1.28) | 28.9 | (1.23) | 29.0 | (1.27) |
| Any illicit drug other than marijuana3 |
36.2 | (1.33) | 38.7 | (1.04) | 39.7 | (1.04) | 29.4 | (0.99) | 28.1 | (0.97) | 29.0 | (1.08) | 27.4 | (0.99) | 24.7 | (0.94) | 21.1 | (0.94) | 20.7 | (0.97) | 19.5 | (0.91) | 18.9 | (0.87) | 18.4 | (0.89) |
Selected drugs |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cocaine | 9.0 | (0.73) | 15.7 | (0.72) | 17.3 | (0.74) | 9.4 | (0.59) | 6.0 | (0.48) | 8.6 | (0.62) | 8.0 | (0.56) | 5.5 | (0.46) | 4.0 | (0.42) | 3.7 | (0.42) | 4.2 | (0.44) | 3.9 | (0.40) | 3.8 | (0.41) |
| Heroin | 2.2 | (0.21) | 1.1 | (0.12) | 1.2 | (0.12) | 1.3 | (0.13) | 1.6 | (0.14) | 2.4 | (0.19) | 1.5 | (0.14) | 1.6 | (0.14) | 0.8 | (0.11) | 0.7 | (0.11) | 0.7 | (0.10) | 0.8 | (0.10) | 0.6 | (0.09) |
| LSD | 11.3 | (0.81) | 9.3 | (0.57) | 7.5 | (0.52) | 8.7 | (0.57) | 11.7 | (0.64) | 11.1 | (0.69) | 3.5 | (0.38) | 4.0 | (0.40) | 4.3 | (0.43) | 4.9 | (0.48) | 5.0 | (0.47) | 5.1 | (0.45) | 5.6 | (0.49) |
| Marijuana/hashish | 47.3 | (1.68) | 60.3 | (1.27) | 54.2 | (1.83) | 40.7 | (1.30) | 41.7 | (1.30) | 48.8 | (1.45) | 44.8 | (1.34) | 43.8 | (1.32) | 44.7 | (1.39) | 44.5 | (1.45) | 45.0 | (1.40) | 43.6 | (1.35) | 43.7 | (1.39) |
| PCP | --- | (†) | 9.6 | (0.33) | 4.9 | (0.24) | 2.8 | (0.19) | 2.7 | (0.18) | 3.4 | (0.23) | 2.4 | (0.18) | 1.8 | (0.15) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) |
| Prescription drugs4 | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 24.0 | (0.77) | 21.6 | (0.73) | 18.3 | (0.72) | 18.0 | (0.75) | 16.5 | (0.70) | 15.5 | (0.66) | 14.6 | (0.66) |
Used during past 12 months |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alcohol1 | 84.8 | (0.84) | 87.9 | (0.59) | 85.6 | (0.63) | 80.6 | (0.73) | 73.7 | (0.81) | 73.2 | (0.89) | 68.6 | (0.87) | 65.2 | (0.88) | 58.2 | (0.96) | 55.6 | (1.01) | 55.7 | (0.97) | 53.3 | (0.94) | 52.1 | (0.97) |
Cigarettes |
--- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) |
Any vaping2 |
--- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 27.8 | (0.72) | 37.3 | (1.02) | 40.6 | (1.19) |
| Nicotine | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 18.8 | (0.68) | 29.7 | (1.05) | 35.3 | (1.30) |
| Marijuana | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 9.5 | (0.41) | 13.1 | (0.45) | 20.8 | (0.77) |
| Just Flavoring | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 20.6 | (0.59) | 25.7 | (0.79) | 20.3 | (0.64) |
| JUUL | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 28.4 | (0.75) |
Any illicit drug |
45.0 | (1.64) | 53.1 | (1.26) | 46.3 | (1.26) | 32.5 | (1.21) | 39.0 | (1.26) | 40.9 | (1.39) | 38.4 | (1.28) | 38.3 | (1.26) | 38.6 | (1.33) | 38.3 | (1.38) | 39.9 | (1.35) | 38.8 | (1.29) | 38.0 | (1.32) |
| Marijuana only | 18.8 | (1.29) | 22.7 | (1.06) | 18.9 | (0.99) | 14.6 | (0.91) | 19.6 | (1.02) | 20.5 | (1.14) | 18.8 | (1.03) | 21.0 | (1.06) | 23.4 | (1.16) | 24.0 | (1.22) | 26.6 | (1.21) | 26.4 | (1.17) | 26.5 | (1.20) |
| Any illicit drug other than marijuana3 |
26.2 | (1.15) | 30.4 | (0.92) | 27.4 | (0.89) | 17.9 | (0.79) | 19.4 | (0.81) | 20.4 | (0.90) | 19.7 | (0.83) | 17.3 | (0.78) | 15.2 | (0.78) | 14.3 | (0.79) | 13.3 | (0.74) | 12.4 | (0.69) | 11.5 | (0.69) |
Selected drugs |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cocaine | 5.6 | (0.52) | 12.3 | (0.58) | 13.1 | (0.59) | 5.3 | (0.40) | 4.0 | (0.35) | 5.0 | (0.43) | 5.1 | (0.40) | 2.9 | (0.30) | 2.5 | (0.30) | 2.3 | (0.30) | 2.7 | (0.31) | 2.3 | (0.28) | 2.2 | (0.28) |
| Heroin | 1.0 | (0.13) | 0.5 | (0.07) | 0.6 | (0.07) | 0.5 | (0.07) | 1.1 | (0.10) | 1.5 | (0.13) | 0.8 | (0.09) | 0.9 | (0.09) | 0.5 | (0.07) | 0.3 | (0.06) | 0.4 | (0.07) | 0.4 | (0.06) | 0.4 | (0.07) |
| LSD | 7.2 | (0.59) | 6.5 | (0.43) | 4.4 | (0.36) | 5.4 | (0.41) | 8.4 | (0.49) | 6.6 | (0.49) | 1.8 | (0.24) | 2.6 | (0.29) | 2.9 | (0.32) | 3.0 | (0.34) | 3.3 | (0.34) | 3.2 | (0.32) | 3.6 | (0.35) |
| Marijuana/hashish | 40.0 | (1.61) | 48.8 | (1.27) | 40.6 | (1.24) | 27.0 | (1.15) | 34.7 | (1.23) | 36.5 | (1.36) | 33.6 | (1.24) | 34.8 | (1.24) | 34.9 | (1.30) | 35.6 | (1.36) | 37.1 | (1.33) | 35.9 | (1.27) | 35.7 | (1.31) |
| PCP | --- | (†) | 4.4 | (0.20) | 2.9 | (0.16) | 1.2 | (0.11) | 1.8 | (0.13) | 2.3 | (0.16) | 1.3 | (0.11) | 1.0 | (0.10) | 1.4 | (0.12) | 1.3 | (0.20) | 1.0 | (0.10) | 1.1 | (0.11) | 1.1 | (0.11) |
| Prescription drugs4 | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 17.1 | (0.62) | 15.0 | (0.58) | 12.9 | (0.57) | 12.0 | (0.35) | 10.9 | (0.54) | 9.9 | (0.50) | 8.6 | (0.48) |
Used during past 30 days |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alcohol1 | 68.2 | (1.10) | 72.0 | (0.81) | 65.9 | (0.85) | 57.1 | (0.92) | 51.3 | (0.92) | 50.0 | (1.01) | 47.0 | (0.94) | 41.2 | (0.91) | 35.3 | (0.93) | 33.2 | (0.96) | 33.2 | (0.92) | 30.2 | (0.87) | 29.3 | (0.89) |
Cigarettes |
--- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 33.5 | (0.88) | 31.4 | (0.95) | 23.2 | (0.81) | 19.2 | (0.74) | 11.4 | (0.63) | 10.5 | (0.63) | 9.7 | (0.59) | 7.6 | (0.51) | 5.7 | (0.46) |
Any vaping2 |
--- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 16.3 | (---) | 12.5 | (---) | 16.6 | (0.59) | 26.7 | (0.95) | 30.9 | (1.10) |
| Nicotine | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 11.0 | (0.53) | 20.9 | (0.96) | 25.5 | (1.16) |
| Marijuana | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 4.9 | (0.26) | 7.5 | (0.31) | 14.0 | (0.57) |
| Just Flavoring | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 9.7 | (0.37) | 13.5 | (0.50) | 10.7 | (0.46) |
| JUUL | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 20.8 | (0.61) |
Any illicit drug |
30.7 | (1.35) | 37.2 | (1.09) | 29.7 | (1.03) | 17.2 | (0.87) | 23.8 | (0.98) | 24.9 | (1.09) | 23.1 | (0.99) | 23.8 | (0.99) | 23.6 | (1.03) | 24.4 | (1.09) | 24.9 | (1.06) | 24.0 | (1.01) | 23.7 | (1.03) |
| Marijuana only | 15.3 | (1.06) | 18.8 | (0.88) | 14.8 | (0.80) | 9.2 | (0.67) | 13.8 | (0.79) | 14.5 | (0.89) | 12.8 | (0.78) | 15.2 | (0.83) | 16.0 | (0.89) | 17.5 | (0.96) | 18.6 | (0.95) | 18.0 | (0.91) | 18.5 | (0.94) |
| Any illicit drug other than marijuana3 |
15.4 | (0.80) | 18.4 | (0.66) | 14.9 | (0.60) | 8.0 | (0.47) | 10.0 | (0.52) | 10.4 | (0.58) | 10.3 | (0.54) | 8.6 | (0.49) | 7.6 | (0.49) | 6.9 | (0.48) | 6.3 | (0.45) | 6.0 | (0.42) | 5.2 | (0.41) |
Selected drugs |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cocaine | 1.9 | (0.25) | 5.2 | (0.31) | 6.7 | (0.35) | 1.9 | (0.20) | 1.8 | (0.19) | 2.1 | (0.23) | 2.3 | (0.22) | 1.3 | (0.16) | 1.1 | (0.16) | 0.9 | (0.15) | 1.2 | (0.17) | 1.1 | (0.15) | 1.0 | (0.15) |
| Heroin | 0.4 | (0.08) | 0.2 | (0.04) | 0.3 | (0.05) | 0.2 | (0.04) | 0.6 | (0.08) | 0.7 | (0.09) | 0.5 | (0.07) | 0.4 | (0.06) | 0.3 | (0.06) | 0.2 | (0.05) | 0.3 | (0.06) | 0.2 | (0.05) | 0.3 | (0.06) |
| LSD | 2.3 | (0.28) | 2.3 | (0.21) | 1.6 | (0.18) | 1.9 | (0.20) | 4.0 | (0.28) | 1.6 | (0.20) | 0.7 | (0.12) | 0.8 | (0.13) | 1.1 | (0.16) | 1.0 | (0.16) | 1.2 | (0.17) | 1.0 | (0.15) | 1.4 | (0.18) |
| Marijuana/hashish | 27.1 | (1.30) | 33.7 | (1.07) | 25.7 | (0.98) | 14.0 | (0.80) | 21.2 | (0.94) | 21.6 | (1.04) | 19.8 | (0.94) | 21.4 | (0.95) | 21.3 | (1.00) | 22.5 | (1.06) | 22.9 | (1.03) | 22.2 | (0.98) | 22.3 | (1.01) |
| PCP | --- | (†) | 1.4 | (0.11) | 1.6 | (0.12) | 0.4 | (0.06) | 0.6 | (0.08) | 0.9 | (0.10) | 0.7 | (0.08) | 0.8 | (0.09) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) |
| Prescription drugs4 | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 8.6 | (0.36) | 6.9 | (0.32) | 5.9 | (0.31) | 5.4 | (0.31) | 4.9 | (0.29) | 4.2 | (0.26) | 3.6 | (0.25) |
| ---Not available. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| †Not applicable. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 Survey question changed in 1993; later data are not comparable to figures for earlier years. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2 Vaping questions were redesigned in 2017, and estimates prior to 2017 are not directly comparable. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3 Includes LSD and other hallucinogens; crack and other cocaine; heroin; and narcotics, amphetamines, sedatives (barbiturates), and tranquilizers not prescribed by a doctor. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 4 Refers to the use of prescription drugs not prescribed by a doctor, including amphetamines, sedatives (barbiturates), tranquilizers, and narcotics other than heroin. Questionnaire wording regarding amphetamines changed in 2013; data for 2013 and later years are not comparable to figures for earlier years. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors were calculated from formulas to perform trend analysis over an interval greater than 1 year (for example, a comparison between 1975 and 1990). A revised questionnaire was used in 1982 and later years to reduce the inappropriate reporting of nonprescription stimulants. This slightly reduced the positive responses for some types of drug abuse. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SOURCE: University of Michigan, Institute for Social Research, Monitoring the Future, selected years, 1975 through 2019, retrieved May 18, 2020, from http://monitoringthefuture.org/data/data.html. (This table was prepared June 2020.) |
