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| 2019 Tables and Figures | All Years of Tables and Figures | Most Recent Full Issue of the Digest |
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| Table 221.40. | Average National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) reading scale score of 4th-grade public school students, by state: Selected years, 1992 through 2019 |
| [Standard errors appear in parentheses] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State | 19921 | 19941 | 1998 | 2002 | 2003 | 2005 | 2007 | 2009 | 2011 | 2013 | 2015 | 2017 | 2019 | |||||||||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | |||||||||||||
| United States | 215 | (1.0) | 212 | (1.1) | 213 | (1.2) | 217 | (0.5) | 216 | (0.3) | 217 | (0.2) | 220 | (0.3) | 220 | (0.3) | 220 | (0.3) | 221 | (0.3) | 221 | (0.4) | 221 | (0.2) | 219 | (0.2) |
| Alabama | 207 | (1.7) | 208 | (1.5) | 211 | (1.9) | 207 | (1.4) | 207 | (1.7) | 208 | (1.2) | 216 | (1.3) | 216 | (1.2) | 220 | (1.3) | 219 | (1.2) | 217 | (1.4) | 216 | (1.2) | 212 | (1.2) |
| Alaska | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 212 | (1.6) | 211 | (1.4) | 214 | (1.0) | 211 | (1.2) | 208 | (1.1) | 209 | (1.0) | 213 | (1.3) | 207 | (1.2) | 204 | (1.2) |
| Arizona | 209 | (1.2) | 206 | (1.9) | 206 | (1.4) | 205 | (1.5) | 209 | (1.2) | 207 | (1.6) | 210 | (1.6) | 210 | (1.2) | 212 | (1.2) | 213 | (1.4) | 215 | (1.3) | 215 | (1.5) | 216 | (1.3) |
| Arkansas | 211 | (1.2) | 209 | (1.7) | 209 | (1.6) | 213 | (1.4) | 214 | (1.4) | 217 | (1.1) | 217 | (1.2) | 216 | (1.1) | 217 | (1.0) | 219 | (0.9) | 218 | (1.1) | 216 | (1.2) | 215 | (1.2) |
| California2,3 | 202 | (2.0) | 197 | (1.8) | 202 | (2.5) | 206 | (2.5) | 206 | (1.2) | 207 | (0.7) | 209 | (1.0) | 210 | (1.5) | 211 | (1.8) | 213 | (1.2) | 213 | (1.7) | 215 | (1.3) | 216 | (1.0) |
Colorado |
217 | (1.1) | 213 | (1.3) | 220 | (1.4) | --- | (†) | 224 | (1.2) | 224 | (1.1) | 224 | (1.1) | 226 | (1.2) | 223 | (1.3) | 227 | (1.0) | 224 | (1.6) | 225 | (1.5) | 225 | (1.1) |
| Connecticut | 222 | (1.3) | 222 | (1.6) | 230 | (1.6) | 229 | (1.1) | 228 | (1.1) | 226 | (1.0) | 227 | (1.3) | 229 | (1.1) | 227 | (1.3) | 230 | (0.9) | 229 | (1.1) | 228 | (1.2) | 224 | (1.3) |
| Delaware4 | 213 | (0.6) | 206 | (1.1) | 207 | (1.7) | 224 | (0.6) | 224 | (0.7) | 226 | (0.8) | 225 | (0.7) | 226 | (0.5) | 225 | (0.7) | 226 | (0.8) | 224 | (0.8) | 221 | (0.8) | 218 | (0.9) |
| District of Columbia | 188 | (0.8) | 179 | (0.9) | 179 | (1.2) | 191 | (0.9) | 188 | (0.9) | 191 | (1.0) | 197 | (0.9) | 202 | (1.0) | 201 | (0.8) | 206 | (0.9) | 212 | (0.9) | 213 | (0.8) | 214 | (0.8) |
| Florida | 208 | (1.2) | 205 | (1.7) | 206 | (1.4) | 214 | (1.4) | 218 | (1.1) | 219 | (0.9) | 224 | (0.8) | 226 | (1.0) | 225 | (1.1) | 227 | (1.1) | 227 | (1.0) | 228 | (1.1) | 225 | (1.1) |
Georgia |
212 | (1.5) | 207 | (2.4) | 209 | (1.4) | 215 | (1.0) | 214 | (1.3) | 214 | (1.2) | 219 | (0.9) | 218 | (1.1) | 221 | (1.1) | 222 | (1.1) | 222 | (1.2) | 220 | (1.2) | 218 | (1.2) |
| Hawaii | 203 | (1.7) | 201 | (1.7) | 200 | (1.5) | 208 | (0.9) | 208 | (1.4) | 210 | (1.0) | 213 | (1.1) | 211 | (1.0) | 214 | (1.0) | 215 | (1.0) | 215 | (1.0) | 216 | (1.0) | 218 | (1.1) |
| Idaho | 219 | (0.9) | ‡ | (†) | --- | (†) | 220 | (1.1) | 218 | (1.0) | 222 | (0.9) | 223 | (0.8) | 221 | (0.9) | 221 | (0.8) | 219 | (0.9) | 222 | (1.0) | 223 | (1.0) | 223 | (1.2) |
| Illinois | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 216 | (1.6) | 216 | (1.2) | 219 | (1.2) | 219 | (1.4) | 219 | (1.1) | 219 | (1.4) | 222 | (1.2) | 220 | (1.2) | 218 | (1.3) |
| Indiana | 221 | (1.3) | 220 | (1.3) | --- | (†) | 222 | (1.4) | 220 | (1.0) | 218 | (1.1) | 222 | (0.9) | 223 | (1.1) | 221 | (0.9) | 225 | (1.0) | 227 | (1.1) | 226 | (1.1) | 222 | (1.2) |
Iowa2,3 |
225 | (1.1) | 223 | (1.3) | 220 | (1.6) | 223 | (1.1) | 223 | (1.1) | 221 | (0.9) | 225 | (1.1) | 221 | (1.2) | 221 | (0.8) | 224 | (1.1) | 224 | (1.1) | 222 | (1.2) | 221 | (1.1) |
| Kansas2,3 | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 221 | (1.4) | 222 | (1.4) | 220 | (1.2) | 220 | (1.3) | 225 | (1.1) | 224 | (1.3) | 224 | (1.0) | 223 | (1.3) | 221 | (1.5) | 223 | (1.2) | 219 | (1.2) |
| Kentucky | 213 | (1.3) | 212 | (1.6) | 218 | (1.5) | 219 | (1.1) | 219 | (1.3) | 220 | (1.1) | 222 | (1.1) | 226 | (1.1) | 225 | (1.0) | 224 | (1.2) | 228 | (1.2) | 224 | (1.1) | 221 | (1.2) |
| Louisiana | 204 | (1.2) | 197 | (1.3) | 200 | (1.6) | 207 | (1.7) | 205 | (1.4) | 209 | (1.3) | 207 | (1.6) | 207 | (1.1) | 210 | (1.4) | 210 | (1.3) | 216 | (1.5) | 212 | (1.4) | 210 | (1.4) |
| Maine4 | 227 | (1.1) | 228 | (1.3) | 225 | (1.4) | 225 | (1.1) | 224 | (0.9) | 225 | (0.9) | 226 | (0.9) | 224 | (0.9) | 222 | (0.7) | 225 | (0.9) | 224 | (0.9) | 221 | (1.1) | 221 | (0.9) |
Maryland |
211 | (1.6) | 210 | (1.5) | 212 | (1.6) | 217 | (1.5) | 219 | (1.4) | 220 | (1.3) | 225 | (1.1) | 226 | (1.4) | 231 | (0.9) | 232 | (1.3) | 223 | (1.3) | 225 | (1.3) | 220 | (1.3) |
| Massachusetts2 | 226 | (0.9) | 223 | (1.3) | 223 | (1.4) | 234 | (1.1) | 228 | (1.2) | 231 | (0.9) | 236 | (1.1) | 234 | (1.1) | 237 | (1.0) | 232 | (1.1) | 235 | (1.0) | 236 | (1.1) | 231 | (1.1) |
| Michigan | 216 | (1.5) | ‡ | (†) | 216 | (1.5) | 219 | (1.1) | 219 | (1.2) | 218 | (1.5) | 220 | (1.4) | 218 | (1.0) | 219 | (1.2) | 217 | (1.4) | 216 | (1.3) | 218 | (1.5) | 218 | (1.2) |
| Minnesota2,3 | 221 | (1.2) | 218 | (1.4) | 219 | (1.7) | 225 | (1.1) | 223 | (1.1) | 225 | (1.3) | 225 | (1.1) | 223 | (1.3) | 222 | (1.2) | 227 | (1.2) | 223 | (1.3) | 225 | (1.3) | 222 | (1.1) |
| Mississippi | 199 | (1.3) | 202 | (1.6) | 203 | (1.3) | 203 | (1.3) | 205 | (1.3) | 204 | (1.3) | 208 | (1.0) | 211 | (1.1) | 209 | (1.2) | 209 | (0.9) | 214 | (1.0) | 215 | (1.2) | 219 | (1.1) |
Missouri |
220 | (1.2) | 217 | (1.5) | 216 | (1.3) | 220 | (1.3) | 222 | (1.2) | 221 | (0.9) | 221 | (1.1) | 224 | (1.1) | 220 | (0.9) | 222 | (1.0) | 223 | (1.1) | 223 | (1.1) | 218 | (1.2) |
| Montana2,3,5 | --- | (†) | 222 | (1.4) | 225 | (1.5) | 224 | (1.8) | 223 | (1.2) | 225 | (1.1) | 227 | (1.0) | 225 | (0.8) | 225 | (0.6) | 223 | (0.8) | 225 | (0.8) | 222 | (0.9) | 222 | (1.0) |
| Nebraska4,5 | 221 | (1.1) | 220 | (1.5) | --- | (†) | 222 | (1.5) | 221 | (1.0) | 221 | (1.2) | 223 | (1.3) | 223 | (1.0) | 223 | (1.0) | 223 | (1.0) | 227 | (1.1) | 224 | (1.2) | 222 | (1.0) |
| Nevada | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 206 | (1.8) | 209 | (1.2) | 207 | (1.2) | 207 | (1.2) | 211 | (1.2) | 211 | (1.1) | 213 | (1.0) | 214 | (1.1) | 214 | (1.2) | 215 | (1.6) | 218 | (1.1) |
| New Hampshire2,4,5 | 228 | (1.2) | 223 | (1.5) | 226 | (1.7) | --- | (†) | 228 | (1.0) | 227 | (0.9) | 229 | (0.9) | 229 | (1.0) | 230 | (0.8) | 232 | (0.9) | 232 | (1.0) | 229 | (1.0) | 224 | (1.1) |
New Jersey4 |
223 | (1.4) | 219 | (1.2) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 225 | (1.2) | 223 | (1.3) | 231 | (1.2) | 229 | (0.9) | 231 | (1.2) | 229 | (1.3) | 229 | (1.4) | 233 | (1.2) | 227 | (1.3) |
| New Mexico | 211 | (1.5) | 205 | (1.7) | 205 | (1.4) | 208 | (1.6) | 203 | (1.5) | 207 | (1.3) | 212 | (1.3) | 208 | (1.4) | 208 | (1.0) | 206 | (1.1) | 207 | (1.0) | 208 | (1.1) | 208 | (1.2) |
| New York2,3,4 | 215 | (1.4) | 212 | (1.4) | 215 | (1.6) | 222 | (1.5) | 222 | (1.1) | 223 | (1.0) | 224 | (1.0) | 224 | (1.0) | 222 | (1.1) | 224 | (1.2) | 223 | (1.1) | 222 | (1.3) | 220 | (1.3) |
| North Carolina | 212 | (1.1) | 214 | (1.5) | 213 | (1.6) | 222 | (1.0) | 221 | (1.0) | 217 | (1.0) | 218 | (0.9) | 219 | (1.1) | 221 | (1.2) | 222 | (1.1) | 226 | (1.1) | 224 | (1.0) | 221 | (1.0) |
| North Dakota3 | 226 | (1.1) | 225 | (1.2) | --- | (†) | 224 | (1.0) | 222 | (0.9) | 225 | (0.7) | 226 | (0.9) | 226 | (0.8) | 226 | (0.5) | 224 | (0.5) | 225 | (0.7) | 222 | (0.8) | 221 | (0.8) |
Ohio |
217 | (1.3) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 222 | (1.3) | 222 | (1.2) | 223 | (1.4) | 226 | (1.1) | 225 | (1.1) | 224 | (1.0) | 224 | (1.2) | 225 | (1.2) | 225 | (1.0) | 222 | (1.1) |
| Oklahoma | 220 | (0.9) | --- | (†) | 219 | (1.2) | 213 | (1.2) | 214 | (1.2) | 214 | (1.1) | 217 | (1.1) | 217 | (1.1) | 215 | (1.1) | 217 | (1.1) | 222 | (1.1) | 217 | (1.1) | 216 | (1.1) |
| Oregon | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 212 | (1.8) | 220 | (1.4) | 218 | (1.3) | 217 | (1.4) | 215 | (1.4) | 218 | (1.2) | 216 | (1.1) | 219 | (1.3) | 220 | (1.4) | 218 | (1.4) | 218 | (1.1) |
| Pennsylvania5 | 221 | (1.3) | 215 | (1.6) | --- | (†) | 221 | (1.2) | 219 | (1.3) | 223 | (1.3) | 226 | (1.0) | 224 | (1.4) | 227 | (1.2) | 226 | (1.3) | 227 | (1.8) | 225 | (1.1) | 223 | (1.2) |
| Rhode Island5 | 217 | (1.8) | 220 | (1.3) | 218 | (1.4) | 220 | (1.2) | 216 | (1.3) | 216 | (1.2) | 219 | (1.0) | 223 | (1.1) | 222 | (0.8) | 223 | (0.9) | 225 | (0.9) | 223 | (1.0) | 220 | (0.9) |
South Carolina |
210 | (1.3) | 203 | (1.4) | 209 | (1.4) | 214 | (1.3) | 215 | (1.3) | 213 | (1.3) | 214 | (1.2) | 216 | (1.1) | 215 | (1.2) | 214 | (1.2) | 218 | (1.4) | 213 | (1.2) | 216 | (1.3) |
| South Dakota | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 222 | (1.2) | 222 | (0.5) | 223 | (1.0) | 222 | (0.6) | 220 | (0.9) | 218 | (1.0) | 220 | (0.9) | 222 | (1.0) | 222 | (1.0) |
| Tennessee3,5 | 212 | (1.4) | 213 | (1.7) | 212 | (1.4) | 214 | (1.2) | 212 | (1.6) | 214 | (1.4) | 216 | (1.2) | 217 | (1.2) | 215 | (1.1) | 220 | (1.4) | 219 | (1.4) | 219 | (1.1) | 219 | (1.0) |
| Texas | 213 | (1.6) | 212 | (1.9) | 214 | (1.9) | 217 | (1.7) | 215 | (1.0) | 219 | (0.8) | 220 | (0.9) | 219 | (1.2) | 218 | (1.5) | 217 | (1.1) | 218 | (1.7) | 215 | (1.1) | 216 | (1.1) |
| Utah | 220 | (1.1) | 217 | (1.3) | 216 | (1.2) | 222 | (1.0) | 219 | (1.0) | 221 | (1.0) | 221 | (1.2) | 219 | (1.0) | 220 | (1.0) | 223 | (1.1) | 226 | (1.1) | 225 | (1.1) | 225 | (1.0) |
Vermont |
--- | (†) | --- | (†) | --- | (†) | 227 | (1.1) | 226 | (0.9) | 227 | (0.9) | 228 | (0.8) | 229 | (0.8) | 227 | (0.6) | 228 | (0.6) | 230 | (0.8) | 226 | (0.8) | 222 | (0.8) |
| Virginia | 221 | (1.4) | 213 | (1.5) | 217 | (1.2) | 225 | (1.3) | 223 | (1.5) | 226 | (0.8) | 227 | (1.1) | 227 | (1.2) | 226 | (1.1) | 229 | (1.3) | 229 | (1.7) | 228 | (1.5) | 224 | (1.2) |
| Washington3 | --- | (†) | 213 | (1.5) | 218 | (1.4) | 224 | (1.2) | 221 | (1.1) | 223 | (1.1) | 224 | (1.4) | 221 | (1.2) | 221 | (1.1) | 225 | (1.4) | 226 | (1.5) | 223 | (1.4) | 220 | (1.3) |
| West Virginia | 216 | (1.3) | 213 | (1.1) | 216 | (1.7) | 219 | (1.2) | 219 | (1.0) | 215 | (0.8) | 215 | (1.1) | 215 | (1.0) | 214 | (0.8) | 215 | (0.8) | 216 | (1.2) | 217 | (1.2) | 213 | (1.1) |
| Wisconsin2,5 | 224 | (1.0) | 224 | (1.1) | 222 | (1.1) | ‡ | (†) | 221 | (0.8) | 221 | (1.0) | 223 | (1.2) | 220 | (1.1) | 221 | (0.8) | 221 | (1.6) | 223 | (1.1) | 220 | (0.9) | 220 | (1.1) |
| Wyoming | 223 | (1.1) | 221 | (1.2) | 218 | (1.5) | 221 | (1.0) | 222 | (0.8) | 223 | (0.7) | 225 | (0.5) | 223 | (0.7) | 224 | (0.8) | 226 | (0.6) | 228 | (0.7) | 227 | (0.9) | 227 | (0.9) |
Department of Defense Education Activity (DoDEA)6 |
--- | (†) | --- | (†) | 220 | (0.7) | 224 | (0.4) | 224 | (0.5) | 226 | (0.6) | 229 | (0.5) | 228 | (0.5) | 229 | (0.5) | 232 | (0.6) | 234 | (0.7) | 234 | (0.6) | 235 | (0.7) |
| ---Not available. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| †Not applicable. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ‡Reporting standards not met. Participation rates fell below the required standards for reporting. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 Accommodations were not permitted for this assessment. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2 Did not meet one or more of the guidelines for school participation in 1998. Data are subject to appreciable nonresponse bias. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3 Did not meet one or more of the guidelines for school participation in 2002. Data are subject to appreciable nonresponse bias. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 4 Did not meet one or more of the guidelines for school participation in 1992. Data are subject to appreciable nonresponse bias. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 5 Did not meet one or more of the guidelines for school participation in 1994. Data are subject to appreciable nonresponse bias. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 6 Prior to 2005, NAEP divided the DoDEA schools into two jurisdictions, domestic and overseas. In 2005, NAEP began combining the domestic and overseas schools into a single jurisdiction. Data shown in this table for years prior to 2005 were recalculated for comparability. |
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| NOTE: Scale ranges from 0 to 500. State-level data for 2000 are not available. Table does not include private schools, Bureau of Indian Education schools, or (except in the final row) DoDEA schools. For 1998 and later years, includes public school students who were tested with accommodations; excludes only those students with disabilities (SD) and English language learners (ELL) who were unable to be tested even with accommodations. SD and ELL populations, accommodation rates, and exclusion rates vary from state to state. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 1992, 1994, 1998, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2013, 2015, 2017, and 2019 Reading Assessments, retrieved October 30, 2019, from the Main NAEP Data Explorer (https://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/naepdata/). (This table was prepared October 2019.) |
