Table 216.30.

Number and percentage distribution of public elementary and secondary students and schools, by traditional or charter school status and selected characteristics: Selected years, 1999-2000 through 2017-18

Selected characteristic	1999-2000			2000-01			2010-11			2017-18
	Total, all public schools	Traditional (noncharter) schools	Charter schools	Total, all public schools	Traditional (noncharter) schools	Charter schools	Total, all public schools	Traditional (noncharter) schools	Charter schools	Total, all public schools	Traditional (noncharter) schools	Charter schools
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13
Fall enrollment (in thousands)	46,689	46,350	340	47,061	46,612	448	49,178	47,391	1,787	50,330	47,187	3,143
Percentage distribution     of students
Sex	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Male	51.4	51.4	51.1	51.4	51.4	51.2	51.4	51.4	49.5	51.4	51.5	49.6
Female	48.6	48.6	48.9	48.6	48.6	48.8	48.6	48.6	50.5	48.6	48.5	50.4
Race/ethnicity	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
White	61.8	61.9	42.5	61.0	61.2	42.7	52.5	53.1	36.2	47.6	48.7	32.1
Black	17.1	16.9	33.5	17.0	16.9	33.2	16.0	15.5	28.9	15.2	14.5	25.8
Hispanic	15.9	15.9	19.6	16.6	16.6	19.4	23.1	22.9	27.3	26.7	26.3	33.1
Asian/Pacific Islander	4.1	4.1	2.8	4.2	4.2	2.9	5.0	5.0	3.7	5.6	5.6	4.4
Asian	---	---	---	---	---	---	4.6	4.7	3.3	5.2	5.3	4.0
Pacific Islander	---	---	---	---	---	---	0.3	0.3	0.5	0.4	0.4	0.4
American Indian/     Alaska Native	1.2	1.2	1.5	1.2	1.2	1.8	1.1	1.1	0.9	1.0	1.0	0.7
Two or more races	---	---	---	---	---	---	2.4	2.3	2.9	3.9	3.9	3.9
Percent of students eligible     for free or reduced-price     lunch program1	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 25.0	44.9	45.0	36.9	34.3	34.3	39.3	23.9	23.8	26.7	21.0	21.2	18.2
25.1 to 50.0	25.4	25.5	12.7	24.7	24.8	12.7	28.9	29.2	18.9	28.3	28.9	19.5
50.1 to 75.0	16.0	16.1	13.0	16.0	16.1	14.9	26.6	26.8	20.4	25.3	25.6	21.6
More than 75.0	12.2	12.2	14.3	12.4	12.4	14.7	20.1	19.7	30.7	24.8	24.2	34.5
Missing/school does not     participate	1.4	1.2	23.2	12.5	12.4	18.4	0.5	0.4	3.2	0.6	0.2	6.2
Number of teachers	2,636,277	2,622,678	13,599	2,747,649	2,729,033	18,616	3,001,994	2,910,869	91,126	3,079,590	2,922,634	156,956
Pupil/teacher ratio2	16.6	16.6	18.8	16.4	16.4	18.2	16.4	16.4	18.0	16.1	16.0	17.7
Total number of schools	92,012	90,488	1,524	93,273	91,280	1,993	98,817	93,543	5,274	98,469	91,276	7,193
Percentage distribution     of schools
School level	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Elementary3	69.7	70.0	54.6	69.3	69.7	50.7	67.9	68.7	54.3	68.5	69.4	56.5
Secondary4	24.3	24.3	25.9	23.6	23.6	23.4	24.8	24.8	25.9	24.3	24.3	23.2
Combined5	4.4	4.2	18.6	5.5	5.1	22.5	6.2	5.5	19.5	6.4	5.3	20.3
Ungraded	1.6	1.6	0.9	1.7	1.7	3.4	1.1	1.1	0.2	0.9	1.0	0.1
Size of enrollment	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 300	31.3	30.5	77.0	31.9	31.0	75.2	30.9	29.3	59.0	29.8	28.6	44.8
300 to 499	26.5	26.7	12.0	26.5	26.8	12.7	27.8	28.1	22.3	28.1	28.3	25.5
500 to 999	32.8	33.2	8.7	32.0	32.5	9.7	32.3	33.4	14.8	32.7	33.5	23.3
1,000 or more	9.5	9.7	2.4	9.6	9.8	2.4	9.0	9.3	3.9	9.4	9.6	6.3
Racial/ethnic concentration
More than 50 percent White	70.9	71.2	51.1	70.2	70.6	51.6	60.4	61.7	38.4	54.8	56.6	32.3
More than 50 percent Black	11.1	10.8	26.5	11.1	10.8	25.1	10.7	9.8	25.4	9.8	8.7	22.8
More than 50 percent Hispanic	8.8	8.7	11.4	9.2	9.1	11.5	14.5	14.1	20.8	17.3	16.6	26.6
No majority racial/ethnic     group	7.8	7.8	9.1	8.0	8.0	9.7	13.1	13.0	14.1	16.5	16.4	16.8
Percent of students eligible     for free or reduced-price     lunch program1	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 25.0	42.3	42.3	44.5	29.9	29.8	33.1	23.2	22.9	27.7	17.9	18.0	16.6
25.1 to 50.0	25.6	25.9	11.1	25.0	25.3	11.5	26.9	27.4	17.4	26.6	27.3	18.2
50.1 to 75.0	16.8	16.9	10.2	16.8	16.9	11.1	26.4	26.8	20.1	25.1	25.4	21.5
More than 75.0	11.9	11.9	12.4	12.2	12.2	13.1	21.3	20.7	33.1	25.8	24.9	37.0
Missing/school does not     participate	3.3	3.0	21.9	16.2	15.8	31.1	2.2	2.3	1.7	4.6	4.4	6.6
Locale	---	---	---	---	---	---	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
City	---	---	---	---	---	---	26.2	24.5	55.5	27.2	24.9	56.1
Suburban	---	---	---	---	---	---	27.4	27.8	21.3	31.7	32.1	26.3
Town	---	---	---	---	---	---	14.0	14.4	7.6	13.3	13.9	6.1
Rural	---	---	---	---	---	---	32.3	33.3	15.6	27.8	29.1	11.5
Region	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Northeast	16.1	16.3	7.2	16.2	16.3	10.9	15.5	15.9	9.5	15.2	15.6	10.1
Midwest	28.9	29.0	24.9	28.7	28.8	23.3	26.4	26.6	23.1	26.0	26.5	20.6
South	33.1	33.2	28.9	33.1	33.2	27.5	34.7	35.0	29.5	34.8	35.0	32.6
West	21.8	21.6	38.9	22.0	21.6	38.3	23.4	22.5	37.9	23.9	22.9	36.7

---Not available.

1 The National School Lunch Program (NSLP) is a federally assisted meal program. To be eligible for free lunch under the program, a student must be from a household with an income at or below 130 percent of the poverty threshold; to be eligible for reduced-price lunch, a student must be from a household with an income between 130 percent and 185 percent of the poverty threshold. Data for 2017-18 include students whose NSLP eligibility has been determined through direct certification.

2 Pupil/teacher ratio based on schools that reported both enrollment and teacher data.

3 Includes schools beginning with grade 6 or below and with no grade higher than 8.

4 Includes schools with no grade lower than 7.

5 Includes schools beginning with grade 6 or below and ending with grade 9 or above.

NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Race categories exclude persons of Hispanic ethnicity.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), "Public Elementary/Secondary School Universe Survey," 1999-2000 through 2017-18; and Education Demographic and Geographic Estimates (EDGE), "Public School File," 2017-18. (This table was prepared January 2020.)