Table 601.20.

Selected population and enrollment statistics for countries with populations of at least 10 million in 2016, by continent and country: Selected years, 1990 through 2016

Continent and country1	Midyear population (in millions)			Persons per square kilo- meter, 2016	Elementary2									Secondary3									Postsecondary4
					Enrollment (in thousands)				Gross enrollment ratio5					Enrollment (in thousands)				Gross enrollment ratio5					Enrollment (in thousands)				Gross enrollment ratio5
	1991	2000	2016		1999-2000		2015–16		1990-91	1999-2000		2015–16		1999-2000		2015–16		1990-91	1999-2000		2015–16		1999-2000		2015–16		1990-91		1999-2000		2015–16
1	2	3	4	5	6		7		8	9		10		11		12		13	14		15		16		17		18		19		20
World total6	5,367	6,086	7,346	56	657,127		736,616		99	99		104		452,455		588,197		53	60		77		99,876		220,006		14		19		37
Africa
Algeria7	26	31	40	17	4,843		4,118		94	105		114		2,994		---		58	65		---		---		1,440		11		---		43
Angola	12	16	28	23	---		---		66	---		---		355		2,034		9	12		51		---		---		1		---		---
Benin	5	7	11	97	932		2,268		58	83		131		229		993		---	22		59		22		132		2		4		13
Burkina Faso	9	12	19	68	852		2,873		34	45		91		190		1,058		7	10		36		---		95		1		---		6
Burundi	6	7	11	432	705		2,110		72	59		131		---		723		6	---		48		6		59		1		1		6
Cameroon	12	16	24	52	2,237		4,481		97	87		119		700		2,207		28	28		62		66		417		3		5		19
Chad	6	8	15	12	914		2,213		51	64		88		137		535		---	11		23		6		---		---		1		---
Cote d'Ivoire	13	17	25	79	1,943		3,617		68	73		97		---		1,727		---	---		46		---		203		---		---		9
Democratic Republic     of the Congo	41	52	81	36	---		---		80	---		---		---		---		---	---		---		---		465		3		---		7
Egypt7	56	66	95	95	7,947	8	11,764		92	91	8	104		8,028	8	8,745		73	79	8	86		---		2,789		12		---		34
Ethiopia	49	64	102	102	5,847		---		31	54		---		1,195		---		14	13		---		68		---		1		1		---
Ghana7	16	19	27	118	2,561		4,358		80	86		106		1,057		2,512		---	36		70		---		422		1		---		16
Guinea	7	8	11	46	790		1,777		37	57		92		---		---		12	---		---		---		---		1		---		---
Jordan	4	5	10	113	724		1,050		97	95		---		584		---		76	82		---		142		316		21		27		36
Kenya7	24	31	47	82	5,035		8,290		98	95		105		1,909		---		---	39		---		89		540		---		3		12
Madagascar	12	16	24	42	2,208		4,734		95	101		144		---		1,561		---	---		38		32		122		3		2		5
Malawi	10	11	19	197	2,695		4,281		76	134		139		487		952		17	30		37		4		---		1		#		---
Mali	9	11	17	14	1,017		2,356		28	58		77		258	8	1,014		7	17	8	43		20		---		1		2		---
Morocco7	24	28	34	75	3,670		4,102		64	92		110		1,541		---		36	39		---		296		974		10		10		32
Mozambique7	13	18	26	33	2,544		6,043		62	74		106		124		---		7	6		---		---		197		---		---		7
Niger	8	11	19	15	579		2,611		27	32		74		106	8	718		7	7	8	24		---		---		---		---		---
Nigeria7	99	124	193	213	19,151		25,591		86	99		85		4,104		10,315		---	25		42		---		---		---		---		---
Rwanda	7	8	12	470	1,432		2,546		75	109		137		130		572		16	11		37		9		82		---		1		8
Senegal	8	9	14	74	1,108		2,034		55	68		83		250		1,117	9	---	16		48	9	---		150		---		---		11
Somalia	6	8	11	17	---		---		---	---		---		---		---		---	---		---		---		---		---		---		---
South Africa	39	45	54	45	7,445		7,570		105	104		102		4,142		5,164		68	83		100		---		1,054		12		---		20
South Sudan	5	6	11	17	---		---		---	---		---		---		---		---	---		---		---		---		---		---		---
Sudan7	22	27	41	22	---		4,762		---	---		76		---		2,041		---	---		44		182		---		---		7		---
Tanzania	26	33	52	59	4,382		---		70	67		---		---		---		5	---		---		21		---		#		1		---
Tunisia	8	10	11	73	1,414		1,139		115	115		115		1,104	8	1,047		45	75	8	93		180		294		9		19		33
Uganda	17	23	38	194	6,559		8,656		71	130		100		---		---		11	---		---		56		---		1		3		---
Zambia	8	10	16	21	1,590		---		94	79		---		---		---		---	---		---		---		---		---		---		---
Zimbabwe	10	12	14	35	2,461		---		105	103		---		844		---		47	44		---		---		---		5		---		---
Asia
Afghanistan7	14	22	33	51	749		---		28	22		---		---		2,672		16	---		52		---		---		---		---		---
Bangladesh	108	129	156	1,200	---		---		---	---		---		10,329		15,788		---	48		69		727		2,699		---		5		17
Cambodia	10	12	16	90	2,248		2,106		102	107		110		351		---		28	17		---		22		---		1		2		---
China10	1,168	1,268	1,374	147	---		98,189		124	---		101		81,488		83,956		40	60		---		7,364		43,886		3		8		48
India	854	1,006	1,267	426	113,613		145,803		92	95		115		71,031		132,161		---	45		75		9,404		32,392		6		10		27
Indonesia	185	214	258	143	28,509		29,450		113	109		103		14,720		23,633		45	55		86		3,126		---		9		15		---
Iran	60	66	81	53	8,288		---		109	100		---		9,955		---		55	78		---		1,405		4,348		---		19		69
Iraq	17	23	38	87	3,639		---		108	97		---		1,224		---		---	38		---		289		---		---		12		---
Japan	124	127	127	348	7,529		6,582		99	98		98		8,782		7,157		97	99		102		3,982		3,847		29	9	48		64
Kazakhstan	17	16	18	7	1,208		1,274		118	96		109		1,994		1,713		98	93		112		418		624		39		32		46
Korea, North	21	23	25	209	---		---		---	---		---		---		---		---	---		---		---		---		---		---		---
Korea, South	43	47	51	525	4,030		2,680		105	101		97		3,959		3,232		92	96		100		3,003		3,204		38		77		94
Malaysia	18	23	31	94	3,026		3,101		95	99		103		---		2,760		64	---		85		---		1,337		8		---		44
Myanmar	41	47	55	84	4,858		5,322		103	101		110		2,268		3,748		22	37		60		---		---		---		---		---
Nepal7	19	23	29	203	3,780		4,265		113	120		135		1,348		3,277	8	35	36		69	8	94		361		6		4		12
Pakistan	122	152	202	262	13,987	9	21,551		---	74	9	98		---		12,597		25	---		46		---		1,856		---		---		10
Philippines	63	76	103	344	12,708		14,294		109	109		111		---		7,397		72	---		89		---		---		27		---		---
Saudi Arabia	16	21	32	15	---		3,735		---	---		116		---		---		---	---		---		404		1,622		10		22		67
Sri Lanka7	17	19	22	344	---		1,771		110	---		102		---		2,619		72	---		98		---		290		---		---		19
Syria	13	17	17	94	2,775		---		107	107		---		1,069		---		48	44		---		---		697		18		---		39
Taiwan	20	22	23	727	---		---		---	---		---		---		---		---	---		---		---		---		---		---		---
Thailand	57	63	68	134	6,101		5,063		100	98		101		---		6,571		30	---		119		1,900		2,411		---		35		49
Turkey	58	66	80	104	6,562		5,361		106	103		101		5,658		11,019		53	74		103		---		6,689		14		---		104
Uzbekistan	21	25	29	69	2,602		2,261		111	99		101		3,566		3,909		99	88		92		305		266		17		13		8
Vietnam	69	79	95	307	10,063		7,790		106	109		110		---		---		---	---		---		732		2,307		2		9		28
Yemen	13	17	27	52	---		3,900		---	---		92		---		1,916		---	---		51		---		---		---		---		---
Europe
Belgium	10	10	11	377	774		797		100	105		103		1,058		1,196		102	145		161		356		508		39		58		76
Czech Republic	10	10	11	138	645		557		96	103		100		958		766		90	88		105		254		372		16		28		64
France	59	61	67	104	3,885		4,284		109	104		102	9	5,929		6,017		101	109		103	9	2,015		2,480		39		54		64	9
Germany	80	82	81	232	3,656		2,895		101	105		103		8,307		7,073		99	100		102		---		3,043		34		---		68
Greece	10	11	11	83	645		647		94	94		94		739		662		92	87		100		422		709		35		51		126
Italy7	57	58	62	211	2,836		2,832		98	103		100		4,404		4,590		81	92		103		1,770		1,816		32		49		63
Netherlands7	15	16	17	502	1,279		1,192		102	108		103		1,379		1,611		120	122		133		488		837		40		52		80
Poland7	38	39	39	127	3,319		2,481		99	99		110		3,988		2,463		88	100		107		1,580		1,600		21		50		67
Portugal	10	10	10	114	811		639		119	122		105		831		766		67	104		118		374		343		23		48		63
Romania7	23	22	22	94	1,189		939		85	97		89		2,226		1,515		89	79		89		453		535		10		24		48
Russian Federation	148	147	142	9	6,138		6,199		110	103		102		---		9,567		96	---		105		6,331		6,182		52		56		82
Spain7	39	41	49	97	2,540		3,028		105	104		104		3,246		3,329		103	110		128		1,829		1,969		37		58		91
Ukraine7	52	49	44	76	2,079		1,599		119	113		---		5,204		2,326		92	102		---		1,812		1,690		47		49		---
United Kingdom7	58	59	64	266	4,632		4,722		105	100		101		5,315		7,642		87	102		152		2,024		2,387		29		58		59
Northern America
Canada	28	31	35	4	2,456		2,319		104	100		101		2,519		2,641		101	101		113		---		1,593	9	95		---		67	9
United States	253	282	323	35	24,973		25,019		105	100		101	9	22,594		24,708		91	94		99	9	13,203		19,288		73		---		89	9
Central and South    America
Argentina	34	37	44	16	4,901		4,776		109	117		109		3,829		4,583		72	97		108		1,767	8	3,061		38		53	8	89
Bolivia	7	8	11	10	1,462		1,355		102	118		98		800		1,160		---	71		86		---		---		---		---		---
Brazil	152	174	206	25	20,212		16,119		---	---		114	9	---		23,538		---	---		102	9	2,781		8,319		---		---		50	9
Chile	13	15	18	24	1,799		1,494		103	106		100		1,391		1,530		94	84		100		452		1,237		21		36		90
Colombia	34	39	47	46	5,221		4,448		102	121		114		3,569		4,785		52	70		98		934		2,394		15		23		59
Cuba	11	11	11	102	1,046		735		98	101		101		790		827		90	83		103		159		245		21		22		34
Dominican Republic	7	8	10	209	1,364		1,287		100	114		102		654		929		---	59		77		---		506		---		---		53
Ecuador	10	12	16	58	1,925		1,998		122	111		108		917		1,932		57	58		107		---		---		20		---		---
Guatemala	9	11	16	149	1,909		2,351		76	100		101		504		1,220		22	36		64		---		---		---		---		---
Haiti	7	8	10	381	---		---		---	---		---		---		---		---	---		---		---		---		---		---		---
Mexico	86	100	123	63	14,766		14,297		110	107		104		9,094		13,725		52	70		97		1,963		4,244		14		19		37
Peru	22	26	31	24	4,338		3,577		117	121		103		2,374		2,753		66	85		98		900		1,930		32		35		70
Venezuela	20	24	31	35	3,328		3,383		109	99		97		1,543		2,428		56	59		86		668		---		28		29		---
Oceania
Australia7	17	19	23	3	1,906		2,180		106	100		101		---		2,662		---	---		154		---		1,919		38		---		122

---Not available.

#Rounds to zero.

1 Selection based on total population for midyear 2016.

2 This level generally corresponds to grades 1-6 in the United States.

3 Includes general education, teacher training (at the secondary level), and technical and vocational education. This level generally corresponds to grades 7-12 in the United States.

4 Includes college and university enrollment as well as technical and vocational education beyond the secondary level.

5 Data represent the total enrollment of all ages in the school level divided by the population of the specific age groups that correspond to the school level. Adjustments have been made for the varying lengths of elementary and secondary programs. Ratios may exceed 100 because some countries have many students from outside the normal age range.

6 World total includes countries with populations below 10 million, which are not separately shown.

7 Classification or data coverage of levels has been revised. Data by level may not be comparable over time.

8 Estimated by the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.

9 National estimation.

10 Excludes data for Hong Kong and Macao.

NOTE: Data for all years are based on 2016 political boundaries. Data do not include adult education or special education provided outside regular schools. Some data have been revised from previously published figures.

SOURCE: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Statistical Yearbook, 1999; unpublished tabulations; and tabulations from the UNESCO Institute for Statistics Online Data Center, retrieved December 20, 2018, from http://data.uis.unesco.org/. U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, International Data Base, retrieved December 18, 2018, from https://www.census.gov/data-tools/demo/idb/informationGateway.php. (This table was prepared December 2018.)