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| Table 232.40. | Percentage of students in grades 9-12 who reported using marijuana at least one time during the previous 30 days, by location and selected student characteristics: Selected years, 1993 through 2017 |
| [Standard errors appear in parentheses] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Location and student characteristic | 1993 | 1997 | 1999 | 2001 | 2003 | 2005 | 2007 | 2009 | 2011 | 2013 | 2015 | 2017 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Anywhere (including on school property)1 |
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| Total | 17.7 | (1.22) | 26.2 | (1.11) | 26.7 | (1.30) | 23.9 | (0.77) | 22.4 | (1.09) | 20.2 | (0.84) | 19.7 | (0.97) | 20.8 | (0.70) | 23.1 | (0.80) | 23.4 | (1.08) | 21.7 | (1.22) | 19.8 | (0.84) | ||||||||||||
| Sex | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Male | 20.6 | (1.61) | 30.2 | (1.46) | 30.8 | (1.92) | 27.9 | (0.81) | 25.1 | (1.25) | 22.1 | (0.98) | 22.4 | (1.02) | 23.4 | (0.80) | 25.9 | (1.01) | 25.0 | (1.14) | 23.2 | (1.46) | 20.0 | (0.89) | ||||||||||||
| Female | 14.6 | (1.02) | 21.4 | (1.04) | 22.6 | (0.96) | 20.0 | (0.87) | 19.3 | (0.96) | 18.2 | (0.99) | 17.0 | (1.13) | 17.9 | (0.87) | 20.1 | (0.95) | 21.9 | (1.28) | 20.1 | (1.33) | 19.6 | (1.14) | ||||||||||||
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| White | 17.3 | (1.41) | 25.0 | (1.56) | 26.4 | (1.59) | 24.4 | (1.04) | 21.7 | (1.20) | 20.3 | (1.11) | 19.9 | (1.28) | 20.7 | (0.93) | 21.7 | (1.09) | 20.4 | (1.36) | 19.9 | (1.67) | 17.7 | (1.12) | ||||||||||||
| Black | 18.6 | (1.84) | 28.2 | (1.67) | 26.4 | (3.49) | 21.8 | (2.12) | 23.9 | (1.58) | 20.4 | (1.11) | 21.5 | (1.64) | 22.2 | (1.44) | 25.1 | (1.35) | 28.9 | (1.30) | 27.1 | (1.57) | 25.3 | (1.24) | ||||||||||||
| Hispanic | 19.4 | (1.33) | 28.6 | (2.06) | 28.2 | (2.29) | 24.6 | (0.81) | 23.8 | (1.16) | 23.0 | (1.22) | 18.5 | (1.41) | 21.6 | (1.04) | 24.4 | (1.27) | 27.6 | (1.50) | 24.5 | (1.49) | 23.4 | (1.85) | ||||||||||||
| Asian2 | — | (†) | — | (†) | 13.5 | (2.04) | 10.9 | (2.12) | 9.5 | (2.21) | 6.7 | (1.64) | 9.4 | (1.63) | 7.5 | (1.40) | 13.6 | (3.75) | 16.4 | (2.99) | 8.2 | (1.58) | 7.3 | (1.79) | ||||||||||||
| Pacific Islander2 | — | (†) | — | (†) | 33.8 | (4.11) | 21.9 | (4.07) | 28.1 | (6.47) | 12.4 | ! | (3.87) | 28.7 | (6.14) | 24.8 | (5.50) | 31.1 | (7.08) | 23.4 | ! | (7.35) | 17.4 | (4.88) | 16.1 | (4.08) | ||||||||||
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 17.4 | (4.77) | 44.2 | (4.31) | 36.2 | (6.55) | 36.4 | (5.48) | 32.8 | (5.29) | 30.3 | (4.36) | 27.4 | (3.50) | 31.6 | (5.26) | 47.4 | (3.20) | 35.5 | (6.37) | 26.9 | (5.20) | 29.7 | (6.30) | ||||||||||||
| Two or more races2 | — | (†) | — | (†) | 29.1 | (4.00) | 31.8 | (3.22) | 28.3 | (5.57) | 16.9 | (2.43) | 20.5 | (2.73) | 21.7 | (2.33) | 26.8 | (2.10) | 28.8 | (2.55) | 23.5 | (2.18) | 20.3 | (2.27) | ||||||||||||
| Sexual orientation3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Heterosexual | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 20.7 | (1.29) | 19.1 | (0.83) | ||||||||||||
| Gay, lesbian, or bisexual | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 32.0 | (1.64) | 30.6 | (1.68) | ||||||||||||
| Not sure | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 26.0 | (2.28) | 18.9 | (2.76) | ||||||||||||
| Grade | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 9th | 13.2 | (1.10) | 23.6 | (1.95) | 21.7 | (1.84) | 19.4 | (1.25) | 18.5 | (1.52) | 17.4 | (1.16) | 14.7 | (1.02) | 15.5 | (0.97) | 18.0 | (1.11) | 17.7 | (1.13) | 15.2 | (0.98) | 13.1 | (1.07) | ||||||||||||
| 10th | 16.5 | (1.79) | 25.0 | (1.29) | 27.8 | (2.21) | 24.8 | (1.12) | 22.0 | (1.47) | 20.2 | (1.27) | 19.3 | (1.12) | 21.1 | (1.11) | 21.6 | (1.15) | 23.5 | (1.89) | 20.0 | (1.87) | 18.7 | (0.93) | ||||||||||||
| 11th | 18.4 | (1.77) | 29.3 | (1.81) | 26.7 | (2.47) | 25.8 | (1.33) | 24.1 | (1.56) | 21.0 | (1.24) | 21.4 | (1.49) | 23.2 | (1.52) | 25.5 | (1.44) | 25.5 | (1.37) | 24.8 | (1.27) | 22.6 | (1.23) | ||||||||||||
| 12th | 22.0 | (1.40) | 26.6 | (2.09) | 31.5 | (2.81) | 26.9 | (1.77) | 25.8 | (1.19) | 22.8 | (1.23) | 25.1 | (1.96) | 24.6 | (1.49) | 28.0 | (1.08) | 27.7 | (1.58) | 27.6 | (1.93) | 25.7 | (1.43) | ||||||||||||
| Urbanicity4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Urban | — | (†) | 26.8 | (1.50) | 27.5 | (2.32) | 25.6 | (1.23) | 23.4 | (1.65) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | ||||||||||||
| Suburban | — | (†) | 27.0 | (1.05) | 26.1 | (1.60) | 22.5 | (0.96) | 22.8 | (1.90) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | ||||||||||||
| Rural | — | (†) | 21.9 | (3.23) | 28.0 | (4.36) | 26.2 | (2.49) | 19.9 | (2.80) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | ||||||||||||
| On school property5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 5.6 | (0.65) | 7.0 | (0.52) | 7.2 | (0.73) | 5.4 | (0.37) | 5.8 | (0.68) | 4.5 | (0.32) | 4.5 | (0.46) | 4.6 | (0.35) | 5.9 | (0.39) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | ||||||||||||
| Sex | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Male | 7.8 | (0.83) | 9.0 | (0.68) | 10.1 | (1.30) | 8.0 | (0.54) | 7.6 | (0.88) | 6.0 | (0.44) | 5.9 | (0.61) | 6.3 | (0.54) | 7.5 | (0.56) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | ||||||||||||
| Female | 3.3 | (0.48) | 4.6 | (0.56) | 4.4 | (0.40) | 2.9 | (0.28) | 3.7 | (0.48) | 3.0 | (0.31) | 3.0 | (0.39) | 2.8 | (0.32) | 4.1 | (0.32) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | ||||||||||||
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| White | 5.0 | (0.72) | 5.8 | (0.69) | 6.5 | (0.84) | 4.8 | (0.45) | 4.5 | (0.66) | 3.8 | (0.41) | 4.0 | (0.63) | 3.8 | (0.38) | 4.5 | (0.42) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | ||||||||||||
| Black | 7.3 | (1.23) | 9.1 | (1.07) | 7.2 | (1.10) | 6.1 | (0.60) | 6.6 | (0.89) | 4.9 | (0.65) | 5.0 | (0.73) | 5.6 | (0.64) | 6.7 | (0.77) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | ||||||||||||
| Hispanic | 7.5 | (1.10) | 10.4 | (1.03) | 10.7 | (1.21) | 7.4 | (0.58) | 8.2 | (0.72) | 7.7 | (0.76) | 5.4 | (0.80) | 6.5 | (0.76) | 7.7 | (0.54) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | ||||||||||||
| Asian2 | — | (†) | — | (†) | 4.3 | (0.71) | 4.7 | ! | (1.56) | 4.3 | ! | (1.38) | ‡ | (†) | 2.7 | ! | (1.06) | 2.0 | (0.54) | 4.5 | (1.34) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | |||||||||
| Pacific Islander2 | — | (†) | — | (†) | 11.0 | (3.21) | 6.4 | ! | (2.46) | 9.1 | ! | (3.17) | ‡ | (†) | 13.4 | ! | (5.38) | 9.0 | (2.40) | 12.5 | ! | (4.94) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | ||||||||
| American Indian/Alaska Native | ‡ | (†) | 16.2 | ! | (5.56) | ‡ | (†) | 21.5 | ! | (6.55) | 11.4 | ! | (4.42) | 9.2 | (1.85) | 8.2 | (2.30) | 2.9 | ! | (1.25) | 20.9 | (4.05) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | ||||||||
| Two or more races2 | — | (†) | — | (†) | 7.8 | (1.81) | 5.2 | (1.24) | 11.4 | ! | (5.49) | 3.6 | (0.91) | 3.6 | ! | (1.08) | 5.4 | (1.34) | 8.1 | (1.79) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | ||||||||||
| Grade | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 9th | 4.4 | (0.40) | 8.1 | (0.90) | 6.6 | (0.97) | 5.5 | (0.62) | 6.6 | (1.03) | 5.0 | (0.59) | 4.0 | (0.52) | 4.3 | (0.38) | 5.4 | (0.65) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | ||||||||||||
| 10th | 6.5 | (0.94) | 6.4 | (0.73) | 7.6 | (1.14) | 5.8 | (0.51) | 5.2 | (0.70) | 4.6 | (0.54) | 4.8 | (0.60) | 4.6 | (0.50) | 6.2 | (0.63) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | ||||||||||||
| 11th | 6.5 | (1.07) | 7.9 | (1.17) | 7.0 | (0.72) | 5.1 | (0.48) | 5.6 | (0.71) | 4.1 | (0.49) | 4.1 | (0.73) | 5.0 | (0.55) | 6.2 | (0.70) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | ||||||||||||
| 12th | 5.1 | (0.78) | 5.7 | (0.61) | 7.3 | (1.14) | 4.9 | (0.71) | 5.0 | (0.75) | 4.1 | (0.45) | 5.1 | (0.73) | 4.6 | (0.49) | 5.4 | (0.39) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | ||||||||||||
| Urbanicity4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Urban | — | (†) | 8.0 | (1.11) | 8.5 | (1.03) | 6.8 | (0.56) | 6.8 | (1.05) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | ||||||||||||
| Suburban | — | (†) | 7.0 | (0.67) | 6.4 | (1.03) | 4.7 | (0.46) | 6.0 | (1.03) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | ||||||||||||
| Rural | — | (†) | 4.9 | ! | (2.02) | 8.1 | (1.57) | 5.3 | (0.93) | 3.9 | (0.64) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | |||||||||||
| —Not available. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| †Not applicable. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| !Interpret data with caution. The coefficient of variation (CV) for this estimate is between 30 and 50 percent. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ‡Reporting standards not met. The coefficient of variation (CV) for this estimate is 50 percent or greater. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 The term "anywhere" is not used in the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) questionnaire; students were simply asked how many times during the previous 30 days they had used marijuana. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2 Before 1999, Asian students and Pacific Islander students were not categorized separately, and students could not be classified as Two or more races. Because the response categories changed in 1999, caution should be used in comparing data on race from 1993, 1995, and 1997 with data from later years. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3 Students were asked which sexual orientation--"heterosexual (straight)," "gay or lesbian," "bisexual," or “not sure"--best described them. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 4 Refers to the Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) status of the respondent's household as defined by the U.S. Census Bureau. Categories include "central city of an MSA (Urban)," "in MSA but not in central city (Suburban)," and "not MSA (Rural)." | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 5 In the question about using marijuana at school, "on school property" was not defined for survey respondents. Data on marijuana use at school were not collected from 2013 onward. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NOTE: Race categories exclude persons of Hispanic ethnicity. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SOURCE: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Adolescent and School Health, Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS), 1993 through 2017. (This table was prepared August 2018.) |