Table 314.10. | Total and full-time-equivalent (FTE) staff and FTE student/FTE staff ratios in postsecondary institutions participating in Title IV programs, by degree-granting status, control of institution, and primary occupation: Fall 1995, fall 2005, and fall 2016 |
Degree-granting status, control of institution, and primary occupation | Fall 1995 | Fall 2005 | Fall 2016 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Full-time-equivalent (FTE) | Total | Full-time-equivalent (FTE) | Total | Full-time-equivalent (FTE) | |||||||
Number | Per-cent | Total | FTE stu-dents per FTE staff | Number | Per-cent | Total | FTE stu-dents per FTE staff | Number | Per-cent | Total | FTE stu-dents per FTE staff | |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 |
All postsecondary institutions | 2,770,704 | 100.0 | 2,169,006 | 5.1 | 3,428,811 | 100.0 | 2,620,464 | 5.2 | 3,991,160 | 100.0 | 3,041,031 | 5.0 |
Faculty (instruction/research/ public service) |
988,441 | 35.7 | 716,460 | 15.4 | 1,314,506 | 38.3 | 898,004 | 15.1 | 1,581,424 | 39.6 | 1,082,481 | 14.1 |
Graduate assistants | 219,218 | 7.9 | 73,073 | 150.6 | 317,146 | 9.2 | 105,715 | 128.5 | 376,043 | 9.4 | 125,348 | 121.7 |
Other staff | 1,563,045 | 56.4 | 1,379,473 | 8.0 | 1,797,159 | 52.4 | 1,616,745 | 8.4 | 2,033,693 | 51.0 | 1,833,203 | 8.3 |
Degree-granting institutions1 | ||||||||||||
Total | 2,662,075 | 100.0 | 2,088,272 | 4.9 | 3,379,087 | 100.0 | 2,579,605 | 5.1 | 3,926,580 | 100.0 | 2,991,513 | 5.0 |
Faculty (instruction/research/ public service) |
931,706 | 35.0 | 677,783 | 15.2 | 1,290,426 | 38.2 | 880,558 | 15.0 | 1,548,732 | 39.4 | 1,060,084 | 14.1 |
Graduate assistants | 215,909 | 8.1 | 71,970 | 143.6 | 317,141 | 9.4 | 105,714 | 124.9 | 376,043 | 9.6 | 125,348 | 119.2 |
Other staff | 1,514,460 | 56.9 | 1,338,519 | 7.7 | 1,771,520 | 52.4 | 1,593,333 | 8.3 | 2,001,805 | 51.0 | 1,806,082 | 8.3 |
Public | 1,865,930 | 100.0 | 1,440,315 | 5.4 | 2,267,687 | 100.0 | 1,708,805 | 5.5 | 2,577,303 | 100.0 | 1,947,599 | 5.4 |
Faculty (instruction/research/ public service) |
656,833 | 35.2 | 476,662 | 16.3 | 841,188 | 37.1 | 580,793 | 16.2 | 976,710 | 37.9 | 680,913 | 15.5 |
Graduate assistants | 181,743 | 9.7 | 60,581 | 128.0 | 257,952 | 11.4 | 85,984 | 109.2 | 294,798 | 11.4 | 98,266 | 107.6 |
Other staff | 1,027,354 | 55.1 | 903,072 | 8.6 | 1,168,547 | 51.5 | 1,042,028 | 9.0 | 1,305,795 | 50.7 | 1,168,420 | 9.0 |
Private nonprofit | 769,698 | 100.0 | 629,392 | 3.8 | 971,425 | 100.0 | 780,256 | 3.7 | 1,195,513 | 100.0 | 945,709 | 3.7 |
Faculty (instruction/research/ public service) |
260,900 | 33.9 | 193,204 | 12.4 | 361,523 | 37.2 | 258,380 | 11.3 | 476,973 | 39.9 | 335,034 | 10.3 |
Graduate assistants | 33,129 | 4.3 | 11,043 | 216.5 | 59,061 | 6.1 | 19,687 | 148.0 | 80,874 | 6.8 | 26,958 | 128.1 |
Other staff | 475,669 | 61.8 | 425,145 | 5.6 | 550,841 | 56.7 | 502,189 | 5.8 | 637,666 | 53.3 | 583,717 | 5.9 |
Private for-profit | 26,447 | 100.0 | 18,566 | 10.3 | 139,975 | 100.0 | 90,544 | 9.9 | 153,764 | 100.0 | 98,205 | 9.3 |
Faculty (instruction/research/ public service) |
13,973 | 52.8 | 7,918 | 24.2 | 87,715 | 62.7 | 41,384 | 21.7 | 95,049 | 61.8 | 44,137 | 20.6 |
Graduate assistants | 1,037 | 3.9 | 346 | 555.4 | 128 | 0.1 | 43 | 21,034.9 | 371 | 0.2 | 124 | 7,368.7 |
Other staff | 11,437 | 43.2 | 10,302 | 18.6 | 52,132 | 37.2 | 49,117 | 18.3 | 58,344 | 37.9 | 53,945 | 16.9 |
Non-degree-granting institutions2 | ||||||||||||
Total | 108,629 | 100.0 | 80,734 | 8.3 | 49,724 | 100.0 | 40,859 | 9.4 | 64,580 | 100.0 | 49,518 | 6.5 |
Faculty (instruction/research/ public service) |
56,735 | 52.2 | 38,677 | 17.3 | 24,080 | 48.4 | 17,446 | 22.0 | 32,692 | 50.6 | 22,397 | 14.4 |
Graduate assistants | 3,309 | 3.0 | 1,103 | 605.2 | 5 | # | 2 | 230,619.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | † |
Other staff | 48,585 | 44.7 | 40,954 | 16.3 | 25,639 | 51.6 | 23,412 | 16.4 | 31,888 | 49.4 | 27,121 | 11.9 |
Public | 31,327 | 100.0 | 22,819 | 8.3 | 23,594 | 100.0 | 18,904 | 3.7 | 23,180 | 100.0 | 16,545 | 4.6 |
Faculty (instruction/research/ public service) |
17,597 | 56.2 | 12,186 | 15.6 | 11,114 | 47.1 | 7,651 | 9.3 | 11,880 | 51.3 | 7,513 | 10.1 |
Graduate assistants | 1,394 | 4.4 | 465 | 407.8 | 2 | # | 1 | 576,547.6 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | † |
Other staff | 12,336 | 39.4 | 10,168 | 18.6 | 12,478 | 52.9 | 11,253 | 6.3 | 11,300 | 48.7 | 9,032 | 8.4 |
Private nonprofit | 24,941 | 100.0 | 17,534 | 7.5 | 3,618 | 100.0 | 2,930 | 8.8 | 3,935 | 100.0 | 3,088 | 5.6 |
Faculty (instruction/research/ public service) |
12,705 | 50.9 | 8,097 | 16.3 | 1,768 | 48.9 | 1,347 | 19.3 | 1,757 | 44.7 | 1,227 | 14.0 |
Graduate assistants | 494 | 2.0 | 165 | 802.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | † | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | † |
Other staff | 11,742 | 47.1 | 9,272 | 14.2 | 1,850 | 51.1 | 1,583 | 16.4 | 2,178 | 55.3 | 1,861 | 9.2 |
Private for-profit | 52,361 | 100.0 | 40,381 | 8.6 | 22,512 | 100.0 | 19,025 | 15.1 | 37,465 | 100.0 | 29,885 | 7.7 |
Faculty (instruction/research/ public service) |
26,433 | 50.5 | 18,394 | 18.8 | 11,198 | 49.7 | 8,449 | 34.0 | 19,055 | 50.9 | 13,657 | 16.8 |
Graduate assistants | 1,421 | 2.7 | 474 | 730.3 | 3 | # | 1 | 287,553.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | † |
Other staff | 24,507 | 46.8 | 21,514 | 16.1 | 11,311 | 50.2 | 10,576 | 27.2 | 18,410 | 49.1 | 16,228 | 14.1 |
†Not applicable. | ||||||||||||
#Rounds to zero. | ||||||||||||
1 Data for 1995 are for institutions of higher education, while later data are for degree-granting institutions. Degree-granting institutions grant associate’s or higher degrees and participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs. The degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, but it includes more 2-year colleges and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not grant degrees. | ||||||||||||
2 Data are for institutions that did not offer accredited 4-year or 2-year degree programs, but were participating in Title IV federal financial aid programs. Includes some institutions transitioning to higher level program offerings, though still classified at a lower level. | ||||||||||||
NOTE: Full-time-equivalent staff is the full-time staff, plus the full-time equivalent of the part-time staff. Data for 2016 include institutions with fewer than 15 full-time employees; these institutions did not report staff data prior to 2007. By definition, all graduate assistants are part time. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. | ||||||||||||
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), "Fall Enrollment Survey" (IPEDS-EF:95) and "Fall Staff Survey" (IPEDS-S:95); IPEDS Spring 2006 and Spring 2017, Fall Enrollment component; and IPEDS Spring 2006 and Spring 2017, Human Resources component, Fall Staff section. (This table was prepared December 2017.) |