Table 236.20.

Total expenditures for public elementary and secondary education and other related programs, by function and subfunction: Selected years, 1990-91 through 2014-15

Function and subfunction	Expenditures (in thousands of current dollars)									Percentage distribution of current expenditures for public schools
	1990-91		2000-01	2004-05	2010-11	2011-12	2012-13	2013-141	2014-15	1990-91	2000-01	2004-05	2010-11	2011-12	2012-13	2013-141	2014-15
1	2		3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17
Total expenditures	$229,429,715		$410,811,185	$499,568,736	$604,355,852	$601,993,584	$606,813,352	$625,018,277	$651,135,383	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Current expenditures for       public schools	202,037,752		348,360,841	425,047,565	527,291,339	527,207,246	535,795,823	553,501,209	575,331,825	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
Salaries	132,730,931	2	224,305,806	261,572,535	311,541,792	308,593,027	311,649,709	318,705,822	328,252,700	65.70	64.39	61.54	59.08	58.53	58.17	57.58	57.05
Employee benefits	33,954,456	2	57,976,490	81,930,228	111,750,200	114,335,598	117,974,476	123,655,529	130,868,877	16.81	16.64	19.28	21.19	21.69	22.02	22.34	22.75
Purchased services	16,380,643	2	31,778,754	39,870,015	53,498,786	54,335,285	55,789,458	58,171,703	61,118,818	8.11	9.12	9.38	10.15	10.31	10.41	10.51	10.62
Tuition	1,192,505	2	2,458,366	3,605,864	4,988,203	5,013,317	5,097,767	5,296,241	5,572,087	0.59	0.71	0.85	0.95	0.95	0.95	0.96	0.97
Supplies	14,805,956	2	28,262,078	33,870,267	40,417,163	40,076,526	40,662,095	42,895,737	43,793,547	7.33	8.11	7.97	7.67	7.60	7.59	7.75	7.61
Other	2,973,261	2	3,579,347	4,198,655	5,095,195	4,853,493	4,622,319	4,776,178	5,725,796	1.47	1.03	0.99	0.97	0.92	0.86	0.86	1.00
Instruction	122,223,362		214,333,003	260,046,266	322,536,983	320,994,474	325,682,380	336,426,927	349,453,258	60.50	61.53	61.18	61.17	60.89	60.78	60.78	60.74
Salaries	90,742,284		154,512,089	179,124,955	212,998,609	210,735,097	212,563,444	217,274,753	223,044,251	44.91	44.35	42.14	40.39	39.97	39.67	39.25	38.77
Employee benefits	22,347,524		39,522,678	55,004,561	75,248,811	76,950,048	79,502,797	83,946,609	88,840,559	11.06	11.35	12.94	14.27	14.60	14.84	15.17	15.44
Purchased services	2,722,639		6,430,708	9,014,911	14,694,620	14,537,511	14,757,780	15,177,204	16,559,278	1.35	1.85	2.12	2.79	2.76	2.75	2.74	2.88
Tuition	1,192,505		2,458,366	3,605,864	4,988,203	5,013,317	5,097,767	5,296,241	5,572,087	0.59	0.71	0.85	0.95	0.95	0.95	0.96	0.97
Supplies	4,584,754		10,377,554	12,163,557	13,135,284	12,433,973	12,415,970	13,344,523	14,060,733	2.27	2.98	2.86	2.49	2.36	2.32	2.41	2.44
Textbooks	—		—	2,240,937	2,324,846	2,167,152	2,129,590	2,321,424	2,438,331	—	—	0.53	0.44	0.41	0.40	0.42	0.42
Other	633,656		1,031,608	1,132,418	1,471,457	1,324,530	1,344,623	1,387,596	1,376,350	0.31	0.30	0.27	0.28	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.24
Student support3	8,926,010		17,292,756	22,118,879	29,368,646	29,173,107	29,916,535	30,754,056	32,363,375	4.42	4.96	5.20	5.57	5.53	5.58	5.56	5.63
Salaries	6,565,965		12,354,464	15,173,471	19,367,865	18,987,262	19,331,709	19,823,136	20,658,101	3.25	3.55	3.57	3.67	3.60	3.61	3.58	3.59
Employee benefits	1,660,082		3,036,037	4,475,112	6,533,691	6,787,639	7,062,770	7,315,689	7,872,711	0.82	0.87	1.05	1.24	1.29	1.32	1.32	1.37
Purchased services	455,996		1,328,600	1,799,403	2,583,714	2,681,311	2,790,029	2,850,087	3,024,871	0.23	0.38	0.42	0.49	0.51	0.52	0.51	0.53
Supplies	191,482		421,838	483,889	521,729	510,364	536,040	564,419	599,269	0.09	0.12	0.11	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10
Other	52,485		151,817	187,005	361,647	206,531	195,987	200,727	208,422	0.03	0.04	0.04	0.07	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04
Instructional staff
services4	8,467,142		15,926,856	20,387,692	24,893,140	24,647,377	24,940,915	25,354,104	26,953,637	4.19	4.57	4.80	4.72	4.68	4.65	4.58	4.68
Salaries	5,560,129		9,790,767	12,108,423	14,490,521	14,333,780	14,478,409	14,685,427	15,490,102	2.75	2.81	2.85	2.75	2.72	2.70	2.65	2.69
Employee benefits	1,408,217		2,356,440	3,546,696	4,933,118	4,973,417	5,098,479	5,234,451	5,640,401	0.70	0.68	0.83	0.94	0.94	0.95	0.95	0.98
Purchased services	622,487		2,003,598	2,731,885	3,438,979	3,413,606	3,484,764	3,444,243	3,659,324	0.31	0.58	0.64	0.65	0.65	0.65	0.62	0.64
Supplies	776,863		1,566,954	1,791,507	1,810,950	1,708,502	1,666,377	1,786,877	1,950,698	0.38	0.45	0.42	0.34	0.32	0.31	0.32	0.34
Other	99,445		209,097	209,181	219,573	218,072	212,886	203,106	213,112	0.05	0.06	0.05	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04
General administration	5,791,253		7,108,291	8,510,315	10,494,526	10,569,141	10,825,907	11,117,393	11,535,748	2.87	2.04	2.00	1.99	2.00	2.02	2.01	2.01
Salaries	2,603,562		3,351,554	3,725,275	4,401,697	4,377,224	4,472,689	4,622,952	4,746,838	1.29	0.96	0.88	0.83	0.83	0.83	0.84	0.83
Employee benefits	777,381		1,000,698	1,375,298	1,856,221	1,920,231	1,951,275	1,915,512	2,036,756	0.38	0.29	0.32	0.35	0.36	0.36	0.35	0.35
Purchased services	1,482,427		2,099,032	2,635,243	3,236,857	3,305,165	3,450,629	3,585,418	3,735,708	0.73	0.60	0.62	0.61	0.63	0.64	0.65	0.65
Supplies	172,898		206,137	221,376	228,417	239,097	232,774	237,184	249,401	0.09	0.06	0.05	0.04	0.05	0.04	0.04	0.04
Other	754,985		450,870	553,123	771,334	727,423	718,540	756,327	767,045	0.37	0.13	0.13	0.15	0.14	0.13	0.14	0.13
School administration	11,695,344		19,580,890	24,155,908	28,660,307	28,922,785	29,523,691	30,420,650	31,792,450	5.79	5.62	5.68	5.44	5.49	5.51	5.50	5.53
Salaries	8,935,903		14,817,213	17,467,947	20,191,545	20,198,660	20,574,974	21,132,933	21,921,938	4.42	4.25	4.11	3.83	3.83	3.84	3.82	3.81
Employee benefits	2,257,783		3,689,689	5,217,866	6,972,708	7,167,104	7,426,690	7,718,180	8,194,129	1.12	1.06	1.23	1.32	1.36	1.39	1.39	1.42
Purchased services	247,750		611,638	896,782	931,765	976,085	944,190	973,307	1,067,751	0.12	0.18	0.21	0.18	0.19	0.18	0.18	0.19
Supplies	189,711		369,257	439,418	426,864	423,318	432,107	435,766	443,385	0.09	0.11	0.10	0.08	0.08	0.08	0.08	0.08
Other	64,197		93,093	133,896	137,426	157,618	145,730	160,463	165,248	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03
Operation and       maintenance	21,290,655		34,034,158	40,926,881	50,214,709	49,834,165	50,674,499	53,051,141	54,200,172	10.54	9.77	9.63	9.52	9.45	9.46	9.58	9.42
Salaries	8,849,559		13,461,242	15,344,880	17,604,634	17,434,337	17,468,535	17,846,272	18,205,576	4.38	3.86	3.61	3.34	3.31	3.26	3.22	3.16
Employee benefits	2,633,075		3,778,520	5,483,344	7,195,927	7,327,835	7,473,129	7,694,270	8,024,419	1.30	1.08	1.29	1.36	1.39	1.39	1.39	1.39
Purchased services	5,721,125		9,642,217	10,921,591	13,351,922	13,436,115	14,015,338	15,022,138	15,514,037	2.83	2.77	2.57	2.53	2.55	2.62	2.71	2.70
Supplies	3,761,738		6,871,845	8,832,550	11,638,187	11,242,771	11,349,828	12,078,609	12,047,041	1.86	1.97	2.08	2.21	2.13	2.12	2.18	2.09
Other	325,157		280,334	344,516	424,039	393,107	367,669	409,852	409,098	0.16	0.08	0.08	0.08	0.07	0.07	0.07	0.07
Student transportation	8,678,954		14,052,654	17,459,659	22,370,807	22,926,700	23,237,941	23,845,036	23,961,692	4.30	4.03	4.11	4.24	4.35	4.34	4.31	4.16
Salaries	3,285,127		5,406,092	6,379,953	7,527,611	7,483,297	7,525,466	7,683,616	7,897,110	1.63	1.55	1.50	1.43	1.42	1.40	1.39	1.37
Employee benefits	892,985		1,592,127	2,333,027	3,124,937	3,182,346	3,249,580	3,296,150	3,412,883	0.44	0.46	0.55	0.59	0.60	0.61	0.60	0.59
Purchased services	3,345,232		5,767,462	7,054,340	9,153,621	9,409,711	9,580,324	9,926,270	10,063,360	1.66	1.66	1.66	1.74	1.78	1.79	1.79	1.75
Supplies	961,447		1,159,350	1,501,906	2,370,182	2,625,741	2,656,230	2,695,508	2,356,982	0.48	0.33	0.35	0.45	0.50	0.50	0.49	0.41
Other	194,163		127,623	190,433	194,456	225,605	226,340	243,492	231,357	0.10	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04
Other support services5	5,587,837		11,439,134	14,058,464	17,246,807	17,850,135	18,054,249	19,034,045	20,885,114	2.77	3.28	3.31	3.27	3.39	3.37	3.44	3.63
Salaries	2,900,394		5,521,381	6,437,831	8,139,084	8,178,386	8,323,191	8,618,767	9,104,041	1.44	1.58	1.51	1.54	1.55	1.55	1.56	1.58
Employee benefits	980,859		1,594,540	2,486,442	3,295,052	3,395,915	3,497,220	3,694,720	3,912,721	0.49	0.46	0.58	0.62	0.64	0.65	0.67	0.68
Purchased services	798,922		2,783,176	3,277,148	3,876,650	4,221,440	4,317,682	4,671,337	4,853,416	0.40	0.80	0.77	0.74	0.80	0.81	0.84	0.84
Supplies	294,527		626,889	771,940	876,293	916,214	964,937	1,097,951	1,163,493	0.15	0.18	0.18	0.17	0.17	0.18	0.20	0.20
Other	613,135		913,148	1,085,102	1,059,728	1,138,181	951,218	951,270	1,851,443	0.30	0.26	0.26	0.20	0.22	0.18	0.17	0.32
Food services	8,430,490		13,816,635	16,423,973	20,394,768	21,198,367	21,835,757	22,342,085	23,064,706	4.17	3.97	3.86	3.87	4.02	4.08	4.04	4.01
Salaries	—		4,966,092	5,606,416	6,482,085	6,563,700	6,607,619	6,699,499	6,873,015	—	1.43	1.32	1.23	1.24	1.23	1.21	1.19
Employee benefits	—		1,381,923	1,934,067	2,492,673	2,529,156	2,609,835	2,731,484	2,818,033	—	0.40	0.46	0.47	0.48	0.49	0.49	0.49
Purchased services	—		923,091	1,332,761	2,058,018	2,177,107	2,270,476	2,335,017	2,460,967	—	0.26	0.31	0.39	0.41	0.42	0.42	0.43
Supplies	—		6,420,201	7,385,373	9,118,886	9,681,540	10,110,849	10,333,931	10,628,481	—	1.84	1.74	1.73	1.84	1.89	1.87	1.85
Other	—		125,327	165,355	243,105	246,864	236,978	242,155	284,209	—	0.04	0.04	0.05	0.05	0.04	0.04	0.05
Enterprise operations6	946,705		776,463	959,528	1,110,646	1,090,995	1,103,949	1,155,773	1,121,673	0.47	0.22	0.23	0.21	0.21	0.21	0.21	0.19
Salaries	—		124,913	203,383	338,141	301,285	303,674	318,467	311,727	—	0.04	0.05	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.05
Employee benefits	—		23,837	73,816	97,063	101,907	102,699	108,464	116,266	—	0.01	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
Purchased services	—		189,230	205,951	172,641	177,234	178,246	186,682	180,106	—	0.05	0.05	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03
Supplies	—		242,052	278,751	290,372	295,006	296,981	320,969	294,064	—	0.07	0.07	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.05
Other	—		196,430	197,628	212,430	215,563	222,349	221,191	219,510	—	0.06	0.05	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04
Current expenditures for       other programs	3,295,717		6,063,700	7,691,468	8,161,474	8,188,640	8,031,416	7,926,285	7,713,966	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Community services	964,370		2,426,189	2,813,379	3,269,802	3,209,484	3,132,422	3,187,692	3,279,485	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Private school programs	527,609		1,026,695	1,236,495	1,427,539	1,441,688	1,471,013	1,431,807	1,590,684	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Adult education	1,365,523		1,838,265	1,964,631	2,013,156	1,931,449	1,829,564	1,804,646	1,815,963	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Community colleges	5,356		351	435	34,045	29,488	30,107	30,906	28,238	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Other	432,858		772,200	1,676,529	1,416,931	1,576,530	1,568,310	1,471,234	999,597	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Capital outlay7	19,771,478		46,220,704	53,528,382	50,968,815	48,793,436	45,720,570	46,438,323	50,610,125	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Public schools	19,655,496		46,078,494	53,430,719	50,888,951	48,717,033	45,555,651	46,297,257	50,448,404	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Other current       expenditures	115,982		142,210	97,663	79,864	76,403	164,919	141,066	161,722	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Interest on school debt	4,324,768		10,165,940	13,301,322	17,934,224	17,804,262	17,265,542	17,152,459	17,479,466	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†

—Not available.

†Not applicable.

1 Data have been revised from previously published figures.

2 Includes estimated data for subfunctions of food services and enterprise operations.

3 Includes expenditures for guidance, health, attendance, and speech pathology services.

4 Includes expenditures for curriculum development, staff training, libraries, and media and computer centers.

5 Includes business support services concerned with paying, transporting, exchanging, and maintaining goods and services for local education agencies; central support services, including planning, research, evaluation, information, staff, and data processing services; and other support services.

6 Includes expenditures for operations funded by sales of products or services (e.g., school bookstore or computer time). Includes very small amounts for direct program support made by state education agencies for local school districts.

7 Includes expenditures for property and for buildings and alterations completed by school district staff or contractors.

NOTE: Excludes expenditures for state education agencies. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), "National Public Education Financial Survey," 1990-91 through 2014-15. (This table was prepared October 2017.)