Table 233.27.

Number of students receiving selected disciplinary actions in public elementary and secondary schools, by type of disciplinary action, disability status, sex, and race/ethnicity: 2013-14

Disability status, sex, and race/ethnicity	Corporal punish-ment1	One or more in-school suspension2	Out-of-school suspensions3			Expulsions4				Referral to law enforce-ment5	School-related arrest6
			Total	Only one	More than one	Total7		With educa- tional services	Without educa- tional services
						All expul-sions	Under zero-tolerance policies8
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
All students
Total	106,055	2,710,924	2,635,743	1,560,486	1,075,257	111,215	16,035	66,133	45,082	177,127	60,170
Sex
Male	84,738	1,847,655	1,860,002	1,076,965	783,037	82,787	12,603	49,666	33,121	126,841	43,188
Female	21,317	863,269	775,741	483,521	292,220	28,428	3,432	16,467	11,961	50,286	16,982
Race/ethnicity9
White	53,069	1,036,590	843,381	538,782	304,599	49,144	8,400	27,495	21,649	72,310	19,736
Black	40,023	861,194	1,042,991	557,430	485,561	33,557	3,628	20,852	12,705	49,584	20,562
Hispanic	7,680	618,734	554,498	345,240	209,258	18,271	2,761	11,904	6,367	41,319	14,891
Asian	210	26,984	26,499	19,454	7,045	790	164	504	286	2,155	865
Pacific Islander	62	6,213	8,784	5,796	2,988	241	39	128	113	427	452
American Indian/Alaska Native	2,033	34,494	35,756	21,941	13,815	1,944	291	1,026	918	3,671	892
Two or more races	1,505	74,697	78,469	46,539	31,930	4,613	558	2,425	2,188	4,871	1,657
Race/ethnicity by sex9
Male
White	44,319	747,574	636,731	398,754	237,977	37,340	6,596	21,059	16,281	53,564	14,686
Black	29,840	545,505	684,082	352,849	331,233	23,724	2,789	14,907	8,817	33,728	13,939
Hispanic	6,211	417,223	397,077	240,248	156,829	14,168	2,241	9,316	4,852	29,591	10,964
Asian	174	20,315	20,907	15,164	5,743	665	141	428	237	1,700	646
Pacific Islander	46	4,159	6,212	3,948	2,264	167	27	92	75	304	326
American Indian/Alaska Native	1,654	23,017	24,585	14,720	9,865	1,343	218	708	635	2,532	620
Two or more races	1,221	50,323	55,457	32,164	23,293	3,224	434	1,696	1,528	3,309	1,129
Female
White	8,750	289,016	206,650	140,028	66,622	11,804	1,804	6,436	5,368	18,746	5,050
Black	10,183	315,689	358,909	204,581	154,328	9,833	839	5,945	3,888	15,856	6,623
Hispanic	1,469	201,511	157,421	104,992	52,429	4,103	520	2,588	1,515	11,728	3,927
Asian	36	6,669	5,592	4,290	1,302	125	23	76	49	455	219
Pacific Islander	16	2,054	2,572	1,848	724	74	12	36	38	123	126
American Indian/Alaska Native	379	11,477	11,171	7,221	3,950	601	73	318	283	1,139	272
Two or more races	284	24,374	23,012	14,375	8,637	1,389	124	729	660	1,562	528
Students with disabilities
Total	16,064	568,234	644,605	341,752	302,864	26,852	3,449	18,147	8,776	47,360	15,800
Sex
Male	13,728	438,222	510,705	265,562	245,147	21,916	2,936	14,892	7,075	37,598	12,526
Female	2,336	130,012	133,900	76,190	57,717	4,936	513	3,255	1,701	9,762	3,274
Race/ethnicity9
White	7,897	221,833	225,340	127,904	97,436	11,992	1,815	7,359	4,634	18,959	5,275
Black	5,144	164,118	226,463	107,793	118,680	6,873	718	5,241	1,657	13,767	5,147
Hispanic	899	104,682	115,358	63,481	51,878	3,829	526	2,870	998	9,290	3,397
Asian	13	2,860	3,684	2,304	1,380	106	23	67	39	315	101
Pacific Islander	8	968	1,544	781	763	28	4	17	11	70	101
American Indian/Alaska Native	441	6,870	8,107	4,560	3,547	383	59	210	173	809	201
Two or more races	189	14,885	19,268	9,915	9,353	986	110	584	408	1,360	463
Race/ethnicity by sex9
Male
White	6,872	176,082	185,110	103,299	81,811	9,865	1,544	6,077	3,789	15,374	4,281
Black	4,278	122,415	172,309	79,759	92,553	5,485	602	4,218	1,283	10,681	3,940
Hispanic	755	80,396	92,359	49,611	42,749	3,210	469	2,430	811	7,427	2,764
Asian	11	2,340	3,129	1,943	1,186	88	21	58	30	266	86
Pacific Islander	6	803	1,288	641	647	22	4	13	9	51	81
American Indian/Alaska Native	362	5,288	6,464	3,567	2,897	309	44	173	136	646	160
Two or more races	171	11,359	15,337	7,757	7,580	781	95	463	321	1,040	336
Female
White	1,025	45,751	40,230	24,605	15,625	2,127	271	1,282	845	3,585	994
Black	866	41,703	54,154	28,034	26,127	1,388	116	1,023	374	3,086	1,207
Hispanic	144	24,286	22,999	13,870	9,129	619	57	440	187	1,863	633
Asian	1-3	520	555	361	194	18	1-3	9	9	49	15
Pacific Islander	1-3	165	256	140	116	6	0	4	1-3	19	20
American Indian/Alaska Native	79	1,582	1,643	993	650	74	15	37	37	163	41
Two or more races	18	3,526	3,931	2,158	1,773	205	15	121	87	320	127

1 Corporal punishment is paddling, spanking, or other forms of physical punishment imposed on a student.

2 An in-school suspension is an instance in which a student is temporarily removed from his or her regular classroom(s) for at least half a day but remains under the direct supervision of school personnel.

3 An out-of-school suspension is an instance in which a student is temporarily removed from his or her regular school for disciplinary purposes for at least half a day (but less than the remainder of the school year) to another setting (e.g., home or behavior center). Data on out-of-school suspensions by race/ethnicity exclude Connecticut Pacific Islander students pending further data quality review.

4 Expulsions are actions taken by a local education agency that result in the removal of a student from his or her regular school for disciplinary purposes for the remainder of the school year or longer in accordance with local education agency policy. Expulsions also include removals resulting from violations of the Gun Free Schools Act that are modified to less than 365 days.

5 Referral to law enforcement is an action by which a student is reported to any law enforcement agency or official, including a school police unit, for an incident that occurs on school grounds, during school-related events, or while taking school transportation, regardless of whether official action is taken. Excludes Hawaii data pending further data quality review.

6 A school-related arrest is an arrest of a student for any activity conducted on school grounds, during off-campus school activities (including while taking school transportation), or due to a referral by any school official.

7 Totals include expulsions with and without educational services.

8 Includes all expulsions under zero-tolerance policies, including expulsions with and without educational services. A zero-tolerance policy results in mandatory expulsion of any student who commits one or more specified offenses (for example, offenses involving guns, other weapons, violence, or similar factors, or combinations of these factors). A policy is considered "zero tolerance" even if there are some exceptions to the mandatory aspect of the expulsion, such as allowing the chief administering officer of a local education agency to modify the expulsion on a case-by-case basis.

9 Data by race/ethnicity exclude data for students with disabilities served only under Section 504 (not receiving services under IDEA).

NOTE: Student counts between 1 and 3 are displayed as 1-3 to protect student privacy. Detail may not sum to totals because of privacy protection routines applied to the data. Race categories exclude persons of Hispanic ethnicity.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Office for Civil Rights, Civil Rights Data Collection, "2013-14 Discipline Estimations by Discipline Type." (This table was prepared January 2018.)