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| Table 221.65. | Average National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) reading scale score of 8th-grade public school students, by race/ethnicity, parents' highest level of education, and state: 2017 |
| [Standard errors appear in parentheses] | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State | Race/ethnicity | Highest level of education attained by either parent1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| White | Black | Hispanic | Asian | Pacific Islander | American Indian/ Alaska Native | Two or more races | Did not finish high school | Graduated high school | Some education after high school | Graduated college | ||||||||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | |||||||||||
| United States | 274 | (0.3) | 248 | (0.5) | 255 | (0.5) | 283 | (1.0) | 254 | (2.6) | 253 | (1.3) | 270 | (0.9) | 250 | (0.7) | 254 | (0.4) | 266 | (0.5) | 275 | (0.3) |
| Alabama | 268 | (1.1) | 241 | (2.0) | 243 | (4.1) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 245 | (3.5) | 244 | (2.2) | 262 | (2.0) | 266 | (1.4) |
| Alaska | 270 | (1.2) | 246 | (4.2) | 262 | (2.8) | 258 | (2.5) | 246 | (4.3) | 234 | (2.1) | 260 | (2.3) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) |
| Arizona | 274 | (1.2) | 254 | (3.2) | 254 | (1.4) | 278 | (4.5) | ‡ | (†) | 254 | (3.4) | ‡ | (†) | 252 | (3.0) | 252 | (2.0) | 270 | (2.1) | 272 | (1.2) |
| Arkansas | 266 | (1.0) | 241 | (1.9) | 255 | (2.2) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 252 | (3.1) | 251 | (1.9) | 266 | (2.1) | 268 | (1.3) |
| California | 278 | (2.2) | 250 | (3.2) | 251 | (1.0) | 283 | (3.1) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 280 | (4.0) | 246 | (2.3) | 252 | (2.3) | 265 | (1.9) | 275 | (1.8) |
| Colorado | 279 | (1.7) | 250 | (3.7) | 257 | (1.8) | 285 | (3.9) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 279 | (4.3) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) |
| Connecticut | 283 | (1.0) | 249 | (3.0) | 253 | (2.1) | 289 | (4.2) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 281 | (5.7) | 250 | (4.4) | 256 | (2.2) | 269 | (2.8) | 282 | (1.2) |
| Delaware | 273 | (1.2) | 248 | (1.4) | 254 | (2.1) | 291 | (4.4) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 252 | (3.2) | 252 | (2.2) | 265 | (2.1) | 272 | (1.0) |
| District of Columbia | 300 | (3.6) | 240 | (1.2) | 242 | (3.2) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 243 | (4.2) | 234 | (2.6) | 244 | (3.2) | 260 | (1.5) |
| Florida | 274 | (1.6) | 254 | (1.9) | 262 | (1.5) | 289 | (4.9) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 273 | (3.6) | 251 | (2.9) | 258 | (2.2) | 267 | (2.0) | 273 | (1.1) |
| Georgia | 276 | (1.7) | 255 | (1.5) | 260 | (2.1) | 292 | (4.3) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 270 | (4.3) | 253 | (3.0) | 258 | (1.8) | 269 | (2.9) | 273 | (1.4) |
| Hawaii | 271 | (2.4) | ‡ | (†) | 265 | (2.4) | 267 | (1.2) | 248 | (1.5) | ‡ | (†) | 272 | (2.6) | 246 | (4.3) | 251 | (2.0) | 265 | (1.8) | 269 | (1.2) |
| Idaho | 273 | (0.9) | ‡ | (†) | 255 | (1.5) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 253 | (2.3) | 258 | (2.3) | 272 | (1.9) | 276 | (0.9) |
| Illinois | 275 | (1.6) | 246 | (1.5) | 258 | (1.5) | 292 | (5.2) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 279 | (3.6) | 250 | (3.5) | 252 | (2.3) | 267 | (1.8) | 277 | (1.3) |
| Indiana | 275 | (1.2) | 255 | (2.9) | 265 | (2.7) | 281 | (5.1) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 266 | (3.4) | 258 | (3.2) | 262 | (2.1) | 270 | (2.2) | 281 | (1.1) |
| Iowa | 270 | (1.3) | 243 | (4.2) | 258 | (2.4) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 272 | (4.5) | 247 | (4.7) | 256 | (2.4) | 267 | (2.6) | 275 | (1.2) |
| Kansas | 273 | (1.1) | 246 | (3.7) | 257 | (2.1) | 286 | (5.7) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 260 | (3.6) | 253 | (2.5) | 256 | (2.4) | 268 | (2.1) | 276 | (1.1) |
| Kentucky | 268 | (0.9) | 246 | (2.7) | 261 | (3.5) | 289 | (5.2) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 262 | (4.4) | 250 | (3.6) | 256 | (2.0) | 269 | (1.9) | 273 | (1.2) |
| Louisiana | 269 | (1.6) | 242 | (1.9) | 253 | (4.5) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) |
| Maine | 270 | (0.9) | 235 | (5.3) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 249 | (4.1) | 257 | (2.3) | 272 | (2.2) | 277 | (1.2) |
| Maryland | 280 | (1.7) | 251 | (1.2) | 255 | (2.7) | 293 | (3.6) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 274 | (4.3) | 250 | (4.3) | 251 | (2.0) | 266 | (2.4) | 276 | (1.2) |
| Massachusetts | 283 | (1.1) | 258 | (2.6) | 259 | (2.3) | 292 | (2.9) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 291 | (4.4) | 257 | (3.6) | 261 | (2.5) | 277 | (2.2) | 286 | (1.1) |
| Michigan | 270 | (1.3) | 245 | (2.1) | 259 | (2.8) | 280 | (5.4) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 266 | (6.3) | 249 | (4.4) | 253 | (2.3) | 265 | (1.8) | 273 | (1.3) |
| Minnesota | 275 | (1.0) | 245 | (3.2) | 252 | (3.4) | 266 | (3.9) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 270 | (4.6) | 250 | (3.8) | 252 | (2.8) | 268 | (2.2) | 277 | (1.1) |
| Mississippi | 271 | (1.1) | 242 | (1.2) | 253 | (5.1) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 247 | (3.2) | 244 | (1.7) | 262 | (2.2) | 263 | (1.1) |
| Missouri | 270 | (1.4) | 250 | (3.1) | 257 | (3.8) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 271 | (4.3) | 252 | (2.9) | 251 | (2.6) | 269 | (2.6) | 273 | (1.2) |
| Montana | 270 | (0.8) | ‡ | (†) | 259 | (4.3) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 246 | (2.3) | 261 | (4.1) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) |
| Nebraska | 275 | (0.8) | 245 | (2.6) | 254 | (2.1) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 260 | (4.5) | 257 | (3.2) | 253 | (2.3) | 272 | (2.1) | 276 | (0.9) |
| Nevada | 270 | (1.4) | 246 | (2.4) | 253 | (1.1) | 274 | (3.0) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 266 | (3.9) | 255 | (2.5) | 254 | (2.1) | 262 | (1.8) | 268 | (1.4) |
| New Hampshire | 276 | (1.0) | ‡ | (†) | 261 | (3.9) | 277 | (4.6) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 259 | (4.3) | 262 | (2.5) | 273 | (2.0) | 282 | (1.1) |
| New Jersey | 285 | (1.1) | 257 | (2.8) | 259 | (2.1) | 298 | (2.6) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 255 | (3.6) | 263 | (2.4) | 271 | (2.3) | 284 | (1.1) |
| New Mexico | 271 | (1.7) | ‡ | (†) | 251 | (0.9) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 242 | (3.0) | ‡ | (†) | 248 | (2.4) | 244 | (1.7) | 260 | (1.7) | 267 | (1.5) |
| New York | 272 | (1.3) | 251 | (2.3) | 253 | (2.0) | 277 | (3.6) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 250 | (3.0) | 254 | (2.7) | 264 | (2.7) | 274 | (1.1) |
| North Carolina | 272 | (1.3) | 248 | (1.6) | 255 | (2.3) | 281 | (5.6) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 258 | (5.0) | 250 | (3.1) | 252 | (2.0) | 265 | (2.2) | 270 | (1.5) |
| North Dakota | 269 | (0.9) | 252 | (4.4) | 259 | (3.9) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 246 | (2.5) | ‡ | (†) | 251 | (4.7) | 250 | (2.5) | 268 | (2.1) | 271 | (1.0) |
| Ohio | 274 | (1.6) | 244 | (3.3) | 260 | (4.2) | 281 | (5.6) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 264 | (3.8) | 248 | (5.2) | 256 | (2.7) | 268 | (2.5) | 278 | (1.6) |
| Oklahoma | 266 | (1.3) | 247 | (3.4) | 255 | (2.0) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 258 | (1.9) | 267 | (2.7) | 250 | (2.5) | 255 | (1.8) | 263 | (1.8) | 268 | (1.2) |
| Oregon | 273 | (1.4) | ‡ | (†) | 250 | (1.7) | 281 | (4.6) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 274 | (3.9) | 252 | (2.5) | 253 | (2.4) | 273 | (2.2) | 277 | (1.5) |
| Pennsylvania | 276 | (1.2) | 250 | (2.1) | 245 | (2.6) | 289 | (4.8) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 265 | (6.1) | 255 | (3.9) | 259 | (2.0) | 267 | (2.2) | 278 | (1.4) |
| Rhode Island | 275 | (1.0) | 248 | (2.4) | 247 | (1.6) | 268 | (5.3) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 246 | (4.0) | 253 | (2.6) | 263 | (2.4) | 277 | (1.2) |
| South Carolina | 272 | (1.2) | 241 | (1.3) | 256 | (3.5) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 267 | (3.6) | 254 | (3.0) | 245 | (2.5) | 264 | (2.2) | 267 | (1.2) |
| South Dakota | 271 | (0.7) | ‡ | (†) | 255 | (3.9) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 246 | (2.1) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) |
| Tennessee | 269 | (1.3) | 243 | (1.4) | 251 | (2.8) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 261 | (5.4) | 250 | (2.8) | 255 | (1.7) | 266 | (2.0) | 270 | (1.4) |
| Texas | 271 | (1.8) | 247 | (1.8) | 254 | (1.4) | 288 | (3.0) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 268 | (5.3) | 250 | (1.9) | 251 | (1.8) | 263 | (1.8) | 270 | (1.4) |
| Utah | 274 | (1.1) | ‡ | (†) | 252 | (2.0) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) |
| Vermont | 274 | (0.9) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 271 | (6.1) | ‡ | (†) | 257 | (2.3) | 273 | (2.4) | 283 | (1.0) |
| Virginia | 275 | (1.5) | 251 | (2.2) | 259 | (2.6) | 284 | (3.6) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 272 | (3.9) | 252 | (3.5) | 253 | (2.2) | 266 | (2.4) | 276 | (1.5) |
| Washington | 276 | (1.7) | 255 | (3.9) | 258 | (2.0) | 283 | (3.6) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 277 | (3.6) | 254 | (3.1) | 258 | (3.1) | 270 | (1.9) | 281 | (1.5) |
| West Virginia | 259 | (0.9) | 245 | (4.1) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 250 | (3.6) | 251 | (2.1) | 263 | (1.9) | 265 | (1.3) |
| Wisconsin | 275 | (1.1) | 239 | (2.0) | 255 | (2.8) | 273 | (4.2) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 251 | (3.6) | 255 | (2.1) | 270 | (1.9) | 278 | (1.2) |
| Wyoming | 272 | (0.7) | ‡ | (†) | 261 | (1.8) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 251 | (3.8) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) |
| Department of Defense dependents schools |
284 | (1.2) | 268 | (2.1) | 277 | (1.8) | 285 | (3.5) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | 285 | (2.5) | ‡ | (†) | 270 | (3.0) | 281 | (2.1) | 284 | (1.0) |
| †Not applicable. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| ‡Reporting standards not met. Either there are too few cases for a reliable estimate or item response rates fell below the required standards for reporting. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 Excludes students who responded "I don't know" to the question about educational level of parents. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| NOTE: Scale ranges from 0 to 500. Includes public school students who were tested with accommodations; excludes only those students with disabilities (SD) and English language learners (ELL) who were unable to be tested even with accommodations. SD and ELL populations, accommodation rates, and exclusion rates vary from state to state. Race/ethnicity based on school records. Race categories exclude persons of Hispanic ethnicity. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2017 Reading Assessment, retrieved April 16, 2018, from the Main NAEP Data Explorer (https://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/naepdata/). (This table was prepared April 2018.) |