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| 2017 Tables and Figures | All Years of Tables and Figures | Most Recent Full Issue of the Digest |
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| Table 209.22. | Number and percentage distribution of teachers in public elementary and secondary schools, by instructional level and selected teacher and school characteristics: 1999-2000 and 2015-16 |
| [Standard errors appear in parentheses] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected teacher or school characteristic | Number of teachers (in thousands) | Percentage distribution of teachers | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | Elementary | Secondary | Total | Elementary | Secondary | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1999-2000 | 2015-16 | 1999-2000 | 2015-16 | 1999-2000 | 2015-16 | 1999-2000 | 2015-16 | 1999-2000 | 2015-16 | 1999-2000 | 2015-16 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 3,002 | (19.4) | 3,827 | (49.5) | 1,602 | (13.5) | 1,908 | (41.2) | 1,401 | (17.7) | 1,920 | (47.2) | 100.0 | (†) | 100.0 | (†) | 100.0 | (†) | 100.0 | (†) | 100.0 | (†) | 100.0 | (†) | ||||||||||||
| Sex | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Male | 754 | (10.7) | 897 | (18.1) | 185 | (5.4) | 204 | (6.2) | 569 | (9.3) | 693 | (18.3) | 25.1 | (0.30) | 23.4 | (0.34) | 11.5 | (0.32) | 10.7 | (0.25) | 40.6 | (0.44) | 36.1 | (0.43) | ||||||||||||
| Female | 2,248 | (16.0) | 2,930 | (39.1) | 1,417 | (12.7) | 1,703 | (37.7) | 832 | (12.5) | 1,226 | (31.9) | 74.9 | (0.30) | 76.6 | (0.34) | 88.5 | (0.32) | 89.3 | (0.25) | 59.4 | (0.44) | 63.9 | (0.43) | ||||||||||||
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| White1 | 2,532 | (17.2) | 3,067 | (41.9) | 1,342 | (13.8) | 1,529 | (35.9) | 1,190 | (15.8) | 1,537 | (39.0) | 84.3 | (0.30) | 80.1 | (0.34) | 83.8 | (0.50) | 80.2 | (0.56) | 85.0 | (0.34) | 80.1 | (0.46) | ||||||||||||
| Black1 | 228 | (6.0) | 256 | (8.8) | 122 | (5.2) | 123 | (6.8) | 106 | (3.5) | 133 | (6.2) | 7.6 | (0.19) | 6.7 | (0.21) | 7.6 | (0.32) | 6.4 | (0.34) | 7.5 | (0.24) | 6.9 | (0.29) | ||||||||||||
| Hispanic1 | 169 | (6.4) | 338 | (9.2) | 95 | (5.2) | 178 | (7.8) | 74 | (4.1) | 160 | (6.9) | 5.6 | (0.20) | 8.8 | (0.22) | 5.9 | (0.32) | 9.3 | (0.38) | 5.3 | (0.27) | 8.3 | (0.29) | ||||||||||||
| Asian1,2 | 48 | (2.7) | 86 | (3.9) | 30 | (2.3) | 45 | (2.8) | 18 | (1.2) | 42 | (2.9) | 1.6 | (0.09) | 2.3 | (0.09) | 1.9 | (0.15) | 2.3 | (0.14) | 1.3 | (0.08) | 2.2 | (0.14) | ||||||||||||
| Pacific Islander | — | (†) | 9 | (1.1) | — | (†) | 3 | (0.7) | — | (†) | 5 | (0.8) | — | (†) | 0.2 | (0.03) | — | (†) | 0.2 | (0.04) | — | (†) | 0.3 | (0.04) | ||||||||||||
| American Indian/ Alaska Native1 |
26 | (1.9) | 17 | (1.5) | 13 | (1.5) | 7 | (0.9) | 13 | (0.8) | 9 | (1.3) | 0.9 | (0.06) | 0.4 | (0.04) | 0.8 | (0.09) | 0.4 | (0.04) | 0.9 | (0.06) | 0.5 | (0.07) | ||||||||||||
| Two or more races | — | (†) | 54 | (2.8) | — | (†) | 22 | (1.9) | — | (†) | 33 | (2.1) | — | (†) | 1.4 | (0.07) | — | (†) | 1.1 | (0.10) | — | (†) | 1.7 | (0.10) | ||||||||||||
| Age | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Under 30 | 509 | (9.2) | 574 | (11.4) | 270 | (7.7) | 308 | (9.7) | 239 | (5.4) | 265 | (8.2) | 17.0 | (0.28) | 15.0 | (0.23) | 16.9 | (0.46) | 16.2 | (0.37) | 17.1 | (0.30) | 13.8 | (0.28) | ||||||||||||
| 30 to 39 | 661 | (9.8) | 1,090 | (17.0) | 362 | (7.1) | 541 | (13.7) | 298 | (5.9) | 550 | (15.3) | 22.0 | (0.29) | 28.5 | (0.28) | 22.6 | (0.42) | 28.3 | (0.39) | 21.3 | (0.33) | 28.6 | (0.42) | ||||||||||||
| 40 to 49 | 953 | (10.3) | 1,050 | (17.7) | 521 | (8.8) | 524 | (13.9) | 432 | (7.3) | 526 | (14.3) | 31.8 | (0.32) | 27.4 | (0.29) | 32.5 | (0.52) | 27.5 | (0.42) | 30.9 | (0.35) | 27.4 | (0.35) | ||||||||||||
| 50 to 59 | 786 | (12.6) | 823 | (14.4) | 396 | (9.5) | 406 | (11.2) | 390 | (8.1) | 418 | (12.4) | 26.2 | (0.35) | 21.5 | (0.23) | 24.7 | (0.52) | 21.3 | (0.37) | 27.8 | (0.47) | 21.7 | (0.31) | ||||||||||||
| 60 and over | 93 | (4.0) | 290 | (7.5) | 52 | (3.6) | 128 | (5.3) | 41 | (1.7) | 161 | (6.2) | 3.1 | (0.13) | 7.6 | (0.17) | 3.2 | (0.21) | 6.7 | (0.23) | 2.9 | (0.12) | 8.4 | (0.23) | ||||||||||||
| Highest degree earned | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less than bachelor's | 20 | (1.3) | 93 | (3.7) | 4 | (0.8) | 32 | (2.3) | 16 | (0.9) | 61 | (3.1) | 0.7 | (0.04) | 2.4 | (0.10) | 0.2 | (0.05) | 1.7 | (0.12) | 1.2 | (0.07) | 3.2 | (0.15) | ||||||||||||
| Bachelor's | 1,560 | (15.8) | 1,550 | (23.4) | 872 | (13.3) | 826 | (20.6) | 688 | (10.1) | 724 | (20.1) | 52.0 | (0.40) | 40.5 | (0.34) | 54.4 | (0.65) | 43.3 | (0.54) | 49.2 | (0.47) | 37.7 | (0.46) | ||||||||||||
| Postbaccalaureate | 1,422 | (15.2) | 2,184 | (32.0) | 726 | (11.6) | 1,050 | (25.0) | 696 | (12.0) | 1,134 | (29.5) | 47.4 | (0.41) | 57.1 | (0.34) | 45.3 | (0.65) | 55.0 | (0.56) | 49.7 | (0.48) | 59.1 | (0.46) | ||||||||||||
| Master's | 1,257 | (13.9) | 1,812 | (26.3) | 645 | (10.9) | 872 | (21.0) | 613 | (10.7) | 939 | (24.5) | 41.9 | (0.38) | 47.3 | (0.34) | 40.3 | (0.61) | 45.7 | (0.53) | 43.7 | (0.44) | 48.9 | (0.48) | ||||||||||||
| Education specialist3 |
143 | (5.2) | 323 | (8.8) | 74 | (4.2) | 163 | (6.5) | 68 | (2.9) | 160 | (6.4) | 4.7 | (0.17) | 8.4 | (0.18) | 4.6 | (0.26) | 8.5 | (0.27) | 4.9 | (0.19) | 8.3 | (0.24) | ||||||||||||
| Doctor's | 22 | (1.8) | 49 | (3.1) | 7 | (1.3) | 14 | (1.7) | 15 | (1.1) | 35 | (2.4) | 0.7 | (0.06) | 1.3 | (0.08) | 0.4 | (0.08) | 0.8 | (0.09) | 1.1 | (0.08) | 1.8 | (0.12) | ||||||||||||
| Years of teaching experience |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less than 3 | 325 | (7.7) | 380 | (8.8) | 171 | (6.3) | 193 | (6.7) | 154 | (4.5) | 186 | (6.4) | 10.8 | (0.24) | 9.9 | (0.19) | 10.7 | (0.38) | 10.1 | (0.29) | 11.0 | (0.27) | 9.7 | (0.26) | ||||||||||||
| 3 to 9 | 854 | (12.3) | 1,083 | (17.1) | 458 | (9.2) | 540 | (13.5) | 396 | (8.0) | 543 | (14.1) | 28.5 | (0.37) | 28.3 | (0.30) | 28.6 | (0.51) | 28.3 | (0.43) | 28.3 | (0.50) | 28.3 | (0.41) | ||||||||||||
| 10 to 20 | 865 | (10.1) | 1,504 | (23.0) | 484 | (8.5) | 749 | (19.4) | 381 | (7.1) | 755 | (20.7) | 28.8 | (0.33) | 39.3 | (0.31) | 30.2 | (0.51) | 39.3 | (0.44) | 27.2 | (0.39) | 39.3 | (0.41) | ||||||||||||
| Over 20 | 958 | (13.5) | 860 | (15.8) | 489 | (9.6) | 425 | (11.6) | 469 | (9.0) | 435 | (13.9) | 31.9 | (0.36) | 22.5 | (0.27) | 30.5 | (0.52) | 22.3 | (0.37) | 33.5 | (0.43) | 22.7 | (0.37) | ||||||||||||
| Certification type4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Regular | 2,599 | (18.6) | 3,457 | (45.2) | 1,407 | (13.3) | 1,738 | (38.5) | 1,192 | (16.1) | 1,719 | (42.7) | 86.6 | (0.22) | 90.3 | (0.17) | 87.8 | (0.38) | 91.1 | (0.26) | 85.1 | (0.33) | 89.5 | (0.24) | ||||||||||||
| Probationary | 83 | (3.0) | 120 | (3.7) | 41 | (2.8) | 57 | (2.8) | 42 | (2.0) | 63 | (2.8) | 2.8 | (0.10) | 3.1 | (0.09) | 2.6 | (0.17) | 3.0 | (0.15) | 3.0 | (0.14) | 3.3 | (0.13) | ||||||||||||
| Provisional or temporary |
97 | (4.2) | 163 | (5.1) | 54 | (3.7) | 73 | (3.6) | 43 | (2.1) | 89 | (4.2) | 3.2 | (0.14) | 4.3 | (0.12) | 3.3 | (0.23) | 3.8 | (0.17) | 3.1 | (0.14) | 4.7 | (0.18) | ||||||||||||
| Waiver or emergency | 51 | (2.7) | 35 | (2.3) | 27 | (2.2) | 14 | (1.6) | 25 | (1.5) | 21 | (1.7) | 1.7 | (0.09) | 0.9 | (0.06) | 1.7 | (0.14) | 0.7 | (0.08) | 1.8 | (0.10) | 1.1 | (0.08) | ||||||||||||
| No certification | 173 | (5.4) | 52 | (2.7) | 74 | (3.7) | 25 | (1.9) | 99 | (4.1) | 27 | (1.9) | 5.8 | (0.18) | 1.4 | (0.07) | 4.6 | (0.22) | 1.3 | (0.10) | 7.1 | (0.28) | 1.4 | (0.10) | ||||||||||||
| School classification | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Traditional public | 2,985 | (19.5) | 3,609 | (46.9) | 1,591 | (13.5) | 1,798 | (40.3) | 1,393 | (17.7) | 1,811 | (45.7) | 99.4 | (0.01) | 94.3 | (0.24) | 99.4 | (0.01) | 94.2 | (0.30) | 99.5 | (0.02) | 94.3 | (0.35) | ||||||||||||
| Charter school | 17 | (0.3) | 218 | (9.9) | 10 | (0.2) | 110 | (5.7) | 7 | (0.2) | 108 | (6.9) | 0.6 | (0.01) | 5.7 | (0.24) | 0.6 | (0.01) | 5.8 | (0.30) | 0.5 | (0.02) | 5.7 | (0.35) | ||||||||||||
| School locale5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| City | — | (†) | 1,180 | (37.0) | — | (†) | 595 | (24.4) | — | (†) | 584 | (30.2) | — | (†) | 30.8 | (0.84) | — | (†) | 31.2 | (1.13) | — | (†) | 30.4 | (1.23) | ||||||||||||
| Suburban | — | (†) | 1,513 | (41.6) | — | (†) | 763 | (31.2) | — | (†) | 750 | (30.2) | — | (†) | 39.5 | (0.90) | — | (†) | 40.0 | (1.24) | — | (†) | 39.1 | (1.23) | ||||||||||||
| Town | — | (†) | 416 | (13.6) | — | (†) | 196 | (11.3) | — | (†) | 220 | (11.8) | — | (†) | 10.9 | (0.37) | — | (†) | 10.3 | (0.56) | — | (†) | 11.5 | (0.59) | ||||||||||||
| Rural | — | (†) | 718 | (21.4) | — | (†) | 353 | (15.9) | — | (†) | 365 | (15.2) | — | (†) | 18.8 | (0.55) | — | (†) | 18.5 | (0.80) | — | (†) | 19.0 | (0.77) | ||||||||||||
| Percent of students eligible for free or reduced-price lunch |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 0 to 25 | 1,117 | (20.4) | 881 | (29.0) | 463 | (13.0) | 409 | (20.7) | 653 | (14.9) | 472 | (22.6) | 37.2 | (0.59) | 23.0 | (0.68) | 28.9 | (0.81) | 21.4 | (0.92) | 46.6 | (0.83) | 24.6 | (0.96) | ||||||||||||
| 26 to 50 | 719 | (18.4) | 934 | (32.0) | 399 | (13.2) | 398 | (17.7) | 320 | (10.4) | 536 | (24.6) | 24.0 | (0.60) | 24.4 | (0.74) | 24.9 | (0.79) | 20.9 | (0.80) | 22.9 | (0.73) | 27.9 | (1.09) | ||||||||||||
| 51 to 75 | 463 | (15.8) | 836 | (26.2) | 294 | (12.7) | 422 | (18.4) | 169 | (8.8) | 415 | (21.4) | 15.4 | (0.52) | 21.8 | (0.62) | 18.4 | (0.76) | 22.1 | (0.80) | 12.1 | (0.59) | 21.6 | (0.96) | ||||||||||||
| 76 to 100 | 390 | (13.2) | 1,051 | (29.4) | 275 | (12.0) | 635 | (22.4) | 114 | (6.7) | 416 | (20.5) | 13.0 | (0.42) | 27.5 | (0.72) | 17.2 | (0.72) | 33.3 | (1.07) | 8.2 | (0.47) | 21.7 | (0.94) | ||||||||||||
| School does not participate |
314 | (11.4) | 125 | (8.7) | 170 | (10.8) | 44 | (4.5) | 144 | (5.7) | 81 | (7.5) | 10.5 | (0.39) | 3.3 | (0.23) | 10.6 | (0.69) | 2.3 | (0.24) | 10.3 | (0.38) | 4.2 | (0.40) | ||||||||||||
| —Not available. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| †Not applicable. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 Data for 1999-2000 are only roughly comparable to data for 2015-16, because the new category of Two or more races was introduced in 2003-04. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2 Includes Pacific Islander for 1999-2000. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3 Education specialist degrees or certificates are generally awarded for 1 year's work beyond the master's level. Includes certificate of advanced graduate studies. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 4 Refers to certification of teachers to teach in the state where they are currently teaching. A teaching certificate is probationary if all requirements have been satisfied except completion of a probationary period. It is provisional or temporary if additional coursework, student teaching, or passage of a test is required to obtain regular certification. It is a waiver or emergency certificate if a certification program must be completed to continue teaching. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 5 Interpret 2015-16 data on city teachers with caution. After nonresponse adjustments, the nonresponse bias for this category is greater than for other characteristics. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NOTE: Data are based on a head count of full-time and part-time teachers rather than on the number of full-time-equivalent teachers reported in other tables. Teachers were classified as elementary or secondary on the basis of the grades they taught, rather than on the level of the school in which they taught. In general, elementary teachers include those teaching prekindergarten through grade 6 and those teaching multiple grades, with a preponderance of grades taught being kindergarten through grade 6. In general, secondary teachers include those teaching any of grades 7 through 12 and those teaching multiple grades, with a preponderance of grades taught being grades 7 through 12 and usually with no grade taught being lower than grade 5. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Race categories exclude persons of Hispanic ethnicity. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS), "Public School Teacher Data File," "Charter School Teacher Data File," "Public School Data File," and "Charter School Data File," 1999-2000; and National Teacher and Principal Survey (NTPS), "Public School Teacher Data File," 2015-16. (This table was prepared October 2017.) |
