Table 314.10.

Total and full-time-equivalent (FTE) staff and FTE student/FTE staff ratios in postsecondary institutions participating in Title IV programs, by degree-granting status, control of institution, and primary occupation: Fall 1995, fall 2005, and fall 2015

Degree-granting status, control of institution, and primary occupation	Fall 1995				Fall 2005				Fall 2015
	Total		Full-time-equivalent (FTE)		Total		Full-time-equivalent (FTE)		Total		Full-time-equivalent (FTE)
	Number	Per-cent	Total	FTE stu-dents per FTE staff	Number	Per-cent	Total	FTE stu-dents per FTE staff	Number	Per-cent	Total	FTE stu-dents per FTE staff
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13
All postsecondary institutions	2,770,704	100.0	2,169,006	5.1	3,428,811	100.0	2,620,464	5.2	3,983,177	100.0	3,028,966	5.1
Faculty (instruction/research/       public service)	988,441	35.7	716,460	15.4	1,314,506	38.3	898,004	15.1	1,585,749	39.8	1,078,902	14.3
Graduate assistants	219,218	7.9	73,073	150.6	317,146	9.2	105,715	128.5	369,590	9.3	123,197	125.2
Other staff	1,563,045	56.4	1,379,473	8.0	1,797,159	52.4	1,616,745	8.4	2,027,838	50.9	1,826,868	8.4
Degree-granting institutions1
Total	2,662,075	100.0	2,088,272	4.9	3,379,087	100.0	2,579,605	5.1	3,915,918	100.0	2,977,057	5.1
Faculty (instruction/research/       public service)	931,706	35.0	677,783	15.2	1,290,426	38.2	880,558	15.0	1,551,015	39.6	1,055,026	14.3
Graduate assistants	215,909	8.1	71,970	143.6	317,141	9.4	105,714	124.9	369,590	9.4	123,197	122.4
Other staff	1,514,460	56.9	1,338,519	7.7	1,771,520	52.4	1,593,333	8.3	1,995,313	51.0	1,798,834	8.4
Public	1,865,930	100.0	1,440,315	5.4	2,267,687	100.0	1,708,805	5.5	2,547,536	100.0	1,918,918	5.5
Faculty (instruction/research/       public service)	656,833	35.2	476,662	16.3	841,188	37.1	580,793	16.2	970,022	38.1	673,241	15.7
Graduate assistants	181,743	9.7	60,581	128.0	257,952	11.4	85,984	109.2	291,623	11.4	97,208	108.7
Other staff	1,027,354	55.1	903,072	8.6	1,168,547	51.5	1,042,028	9.0	1,285,891	50.5	1,148,469	9.2
Private nonprofit	769,698	100.0	629,392	3.8	971,425	100.0	780,256	3.7	1,194,249	100.0	947,106	3.6
Faculty (instruction/research/       public service)	260,900	33.9	193,204	12.4	361,523	37.2	258,380	11.3	472,366	39.6	331,840	10.4
Graduate assistants	33,129	4.3	11,043	216.5	59,061	6.1	19,687	148.0	77,633	6.5	25,878	133.0
Other staff	475,669	61.8	425,145	5.6	550,841	56.7	502,189	5.8	644,250	53.9	589,388	5.8
Private for-profit	26,447	100.0	18,566	10.3	139,975	100.0	90,544	9.9	174,133	100.0	111,034	9.6
Faculty (instruction/research/       public service)	13,973	52.8	7,918	24.2	87,715	62.7	41,384	21.7	108,627	62.4	49,945	21.3
Graduate assistants	1,037	3.9	346	555.4	128	0.1	43	21,034.9	334	0.2	111	9,573.6
Other staff	11,437	43.2	10,302	18.6	52,132	37.2	49,117	18.3	65,172	37.4	60,977	17.5
Non-degree-granting institutions2
Total	108,629	100.0	80,734	8.3	49,724	100.0	40,859	9.4	67,259	100.0	51,909	6.7
Faculty (instruction/research/       public service)	56,735	52.2	38,677	17.3	24,080	48.4	17,446	22.0	34,734	51.6	23,875	14.6
Graduate assistants	3,309	3.0	1,103	605.2	5	#	2	230,619.0	0	0.0	0	†
Other staff	48,585	44.7	40,954	16.3	25,639	51.6	23,412	16.4	32,525	48.4	28,034	12.5
Public	31,327	100.0	22,819	8.3	23,594	100.0	18,904	3.7	22,366	100.0	16,117	4.7
Faculty (instruction/research/       public service)	17,597	56.2	12,186	15.6	11,114	47.1	7,651	9.3	11,943	53.4	7,507	10.1
Graduate assistants	1,394	4.4	465	407.8	2	#	1	576,547.6	0	0.0	0	†
Other staff	12,336	39.4	10,168	18.6	12,478	52.9	11,253	6.3	10,423	46.6	8,610	8.8
Private nonprofit	24,941	100.0	17,534	7.5	3,618	100.0	2,930	8.8	4,459	100.0	3,514	6.1
Faculty (instruction/research/       public service)	12,705	50.9	8,097	16.3	1,768	48.9	1,347	19.3	2,039	45.7	1,431	15.0
Graduate assistants	494	2.0	165	802.0	0	0.0	0	†	0	0.0	0	†
Other staff	11,742	47.1	9,272	14.2	1,850	51.1	1,583	16.4	2,420	54.3	2,083	10.3
Private for-profit	52,361	100.0	40,381	8.6	22,512	100.0	19,025	15.1	40,434	100.0	32,278	7.8
Faculty (instruction/research/       public service)	26,433	50.5	18,394	18.8	11,198	49.7	8,449	34.0	20,752	51.3	14,937	16.9
Graduate assistants	1,421	2.7	474	730.3	3	#	1	287,553.0	0	0.0	0	†
Other staff	24,507	46.8	21,514	16.1	11,311	50.2	10,576	27.2	19,682	48.7	17,341	14.5

†Not applicable.

#Rounds to zero.

1 Data for 1995 are for institutions of higher education, while later data are for degree-granting institutions. Degree-granting institutions grant associate’s or higher degrees and participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs. The degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, but it includes more 2-year colleges and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not grant degrees.

2 Data are for institutions that did not offer accredited 4-year or 2-year degree programs, but were participating in Title IV federal financial aid programs. Includes some institutions transitioning to higher level program offerings, though still classified at a lower level.

NOTE: Full-time-equivalent staff is the full-time staff, plus the full-time equivalent of the part-time staff. Data for 2015 include institutions with fewer than 15 full-time employees; these institutions did not report staff data prior to 2007. By definition, all graduate assistants are part time. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), "Fall Enrollment Survey" (IPEDS-EF:95) and "Fall Staff Survey" (IPEDS-S:95); IPEDS Spring 2006 and 2016, Fall Enrollment component; and IPEDS Winter 2005-06 and Spring 2016, Human Resources component, Fall Staff section. (This table was prepared December 2016.)