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Table 234.20. | Minimum amount of instructional time per year and policies on textbooks, by state: Selected years, 2000 through 2014 |
State | Minimum amount of instructional time per year | Policies on textbooks, 2014 | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
In days | In hours | Textbook selection level | Free textbooks provided to students | |||||||||||
2000 | 2006 | 2011 | 2014 | 2014 | State | Local education agency | ||||||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||||
Alabama | 175 | 175 | 180 | 180 | 1 | † | X | X | ||||||
Alaska | 180 | 180 | 170 | 2 | 180 | 3 | 740 (K-3); 900 (4-12) | X | X | |||||
Arizona | — | 180 | 180 | 1 | 180 | 1 | 356 (K); 712 (1-3); 890 (4-6); 1,000 (7-8); 7204 (9-12) | X | X | 5 | ||||
Arkansas | 178 | 178 | 178 | 2 | 178 | 3 | † | X | 6 | X | ||||
California | 175 | 180 | 180/175 | 7 | 180/175 | 7 | 600 (K); 840 (1-3); 900 (4-8); 1,080 (9-12) | X | 8 | X | ||||
Colorado | (9 ) | 160 | 160 | 160 | 435/8702 (K); 9682 (1-5); 1,0562 (6-12) | X | ||||||||
Connecticut | 180 | 180 | 180 | 180 | 450/900 (K); 900 (1-12) | X | X | |||||||
Delaware | (9 ) | † | † | † | 1,060 (K-11); 1,032 (12) | X | X | |||||||
District of Columbia |
180 | 10 | 180 | 178 | 180 | † | X | |||||||
Florida | 180 | 180 | 180 | 180 | 72011 (K-3); 90011 (4-12) | X | X | |||||||
Georgia | 180 | 10 | 180 | 180 | 180 | 810 (K-3); 900 (4-5); 990 (6-12) | X | X | ||||||
Hawaii | 184 | 179 | 180 | 12 | 180 | 12 | 915 (K-6)12,13 ; 990 (7-12)12,13 | X | X | 14 | ||||
Idaho | 180 | † | † | † | 4503 (K); 8103 (1-3); 9003 (4-8); 9903,15 (9-12) | X | X | |||||||
Illinois | 180 | 16 | 176 | 176 | 180 | 3 | † | X | 17 | |||||
Indiana | 180 | 180 | 180 | 180 | † | X | ||||||||
Iowa | 180 | 180 | 180 | 180 | 1,080 | X | ||||||||
Kansas | 186 | 186 (K-11); 181 (12) | 186 (K-11); 181 (12) | 186 (K-11); 181 (12) | 465 (K); 1,116 (1-11); 1,086 (12) | X | ||||||||
Kentucky | 175 | 175 | 175 | 2 | 170 | 2 | 1,062 | X | X | 18 | ||||
Louisiana | 175 | 177 | 177 | 2 | 177 | 2,15 | 1,062 | X | X | |||||
Maine | 175 | 175 | 175 | 2 | 175 | 2 | † | X | X | |||||
Maryland | 180 | 180 | 180 | 180 | 1,080; 1,170 (8-12) | X | X | |||||||
Massachusetts | 180 | 180 | 180 | 180 | 425 (K); 900 (1-5); 990 (6-12) | X | X | |||||||
Michigan | 180 | † | 165 | 175 | 1,098 | X | X | 19 | ||||||
Minnesota | (9 ) | (9 ) | † | † | 425/850 (K); 935 (1-6); 1,020 (7-12) | X | X | |||||||
Mississippi | 180 | 180 | 180 | 180 | † | X | X | |||||||
Missouri | 174 | 174 | 174/142 | 20 | 174/142 | 20 | 1,044 | X | X | |||||
Montana | 180 | 90 (K); 180 (K-12) | † | † | 360/7203 (K); 7203 (1-3); 1,0803,15 (4-12) | X | X | |||||||
Nebraska | (9 ) | † | † | † | 400 (K); 1,032 (1-8); 1,080 (9-12) | X | X | |||||||
Nevada | 180 | 180 | 180 | 180 | † | X | 14 | |||||||
New Hampshire | 180 | 180 | 180 | 180 | 450 (K); 945 (1-5); 99015 (6-12) | X | X | |||||||
New Jersey | 180 | 180 | 180 | 180 | † | X | X | |||||||
New Mexico | 180 | 180 | 180 | † | 450/990 (K); 990 (1-6); 1,080 (7-12) | X | X | |||||||
New York | 180 | 10 | 180 | 180 | 180 | † | X | X | ||||||
North Carolina | 180 | 180 | 180 | 185 | 1,025 | X | X | |||||||
North Dakota | 173 | 173 | 175 | 2 | 175 | 2 | 951.5 (K-8); 1,038 (9-12) | X | X | 19 | ||||
Ohio | 182 | 182 | 182 | 3 | † | 455/9103 (K); 9103 (1-6); 1,0013 (7-12) | X | X | ||||||
Oklahoma | 180 | 180 | 180 | 3 | 180 | 1,0803 | X | X | ||||||
Oregon | (9 ) | † | † | † | 405 (K); 810 (1-3); 900 (4-8); 99015 (9-12) | X | X | |||||||
Pennsylvania | 180 | 180 | 180 | 180 | 450 (K); 900 (1-8); 990 (9-12) | X | X | |||||||
Rhode Island | 180 | 180 | 180 | 180 | 1,080 | X | X | 19 | ||||||
South Carolina | 180 | 180 | 180 | 2 | 180 | 2 | † | X | ||||||
South Dakota | — | † | † | † | 437.5 (K); 875 (1-5); 962.515 (6-12) | X | X | |||||||
Tennessee | 180 | 180 | 180 | 2 | 180 | 2 | † | X | X | |||||
Texas | 187 | 180 | 180 | 180 | † | X | X | |||||||
Utah | 180 | 180 | 180 | 180 | 450 (K); 810 (1); 990 (2-12) | X | (21 ) | |||||||
Vermont | 175 | 175 | 175 | 175 | † | X | X | |||||||
Virginia | 180 | 180 | 180 | 180 | 540 (K); 990 (1-12) | X | X | |||||||
Washington | 180 | 16 | 180 | 180 | 180 | 45022 (K); 1,00022 (1-12) | X | (23 ) | ||||||
West Virginia | 180 | 180 | 180 | 180 | † | X | X | |||||||
Wisconsin | 180 | 180 | 180 | † | 437/1,0502 (K); 1,0502 (1-6); 1,1372 (7-12) | X | ||||||||
Wyoming | 175 | 175 | 180 | 175 | 450 (K); 900 (Elementary); 1,050 (Middle/Jr. High); 1,100 (Secondary) |
X | X |
—Not available. | ||||||||||||||
†Not applicable. | ||||||||||||||
X Denotes that the state has a policy. A blank denotes that the state does not have a policy. | ||||||||||||||
1 Or an equivalent number of hours or minutes of instruction per year. | ||||||||||||||
2 Does not include time for in-service or staff development or parent-teacher conferences. | ||||||||||||||
3 Includes time for in-service or staff development or parent-teacher conferences. | ||||||||||||||
4 Students must enroll in at least 4 subjects that meet at least 720 hours. | ||||||||||||||
5 Fees permitted at the high school level for non-required or supplementary textbooks. | ||||||||||||||
6 State Department of Education prepares a list of suggestions, but the districts choose. | ||||||||||||||
7 Through 2014-15, districts are allowed to shorten the 180-day instructional year to 175 days without fiscal penalty. | ||||||||||||||
8 Statewide textbook adoption is only at the elementary level. Adoption practices have been suspended until the 2015-16 school year. | ||||||||||||||
9 No statewide policy; varies by district. | ||||||||||||||
10 1996 data. | ||||||||||||||
11 For schools on double-session or approved experimental calendar: 630 (K-3); 810 (4-12). | ||||||||||||||
12 Does not apply to charter and multitrack schools. | ||||||||||||||
13 For the 2014-15 and 2015-16 school years. | ||||||||||||||
14 Fees for lost or damaged books permitted. | ||||||||||||||
15 Instructional time for graduating seniors may be reduced. | ||||||||||||||
16 1998 data. | ||||||||||||||
17 Fees permitted, but if 5 percent or more of the voters in a district petition the school board, a majority of the district's voters may decide to furnish free textbooks to students. | ||||||||||||||
18 Fees permitted for students in grades 9-12, but students who qualify for free or reduced-price lunch are exempted. | ||||||||||||||
19 Refundable or security deposits permitted. | ||||||||||||||
20 174 days required for a 5-day week; 142 days required for a 4-day week. | ||||||||||||||
21 Local districts may select textbooks not on the state recommended list provided the textbooks meet specific criteria and the selection is based on recommendations by the district's curriculum materials review committee. | ||||||||||||||
22 Starting in the 2015-16 school year, grades 9 through 12 will transition to 1,080 hours and kindergarten will transition to 1,000 hours statewide by the 2017-18 school year. | ||||||||||||||
23 A district may provide free textbooks to students when, in its judgment, the best interests of the district will be served. | ||||||||||||||
NOTE: Minimum number of instructional days refers to the actual number of days that pupils have contact with a teacher. Some states allow for different types of school calendars by setting instructional time in both days and hours, while others use only days or only hours. For states in which the number of days or hours varies by grade, the relevant grade(s) appear in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||
SOURCE: Council of Chief State School Officers, Key State Education Policies on PK-12 Education, 2000 and 2006; Education Commission of the States, StateNotes, Number of Instructional Days/Hours in the School Year (October 2014 revision), retrieved May 19, 2015, from http://www.ecs.org/clearinghouse/01/15/05/11505.pdf; State Textbook Adoption (September 2013 edition), retrieved May 19, 2015, from http://www.ecs.org/clearinghouse/01/09/23/10923.pdf; and supplemental information retrieved from various state websites. (This table was prepared May 2015.) |