Table 605.10.

Gross domestic product per capita and public and private education expenditures per full-time-equivalent (FTE) student, by level of education and country: Selected years, 2005 through 2012

Country	Gross domestic product per capita						Elementary and secondary education expenditures per FTE student												Higher education expenditures per FTE student
	2005	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2005		2008		2009		2010		2011		2012		2005		2008		2009		2010		2011		2012
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8		9		10		11		12		13		14		15		16		17		18		19
	Current dollars
OECD average1	$28,772	$33,886	$33,206	$33,471	$35,491	$36,852	$6,751		$8,180		$8,632		$8,501		$8,832		$8,954		$11,342		$13,391		$13,707		$13,211		$13,881		$14,815
Australia	33,983	39,532	39,971	40,801	43,208	43,158	7,142		7,814		9,139		9,803		9,383		8,790		14,579		15,043		16,074		15,142		16,267		16,859
Austria	34,107	39,849	38,834	40,411	42,978	44,892	9,436		10,994		11,681		11,693		12,509		12,164		14,775		15,043		14,257		15,007		14,895		15,549
Belgium	32,077	36,879	36,698	37,878	40,093	41,684	7,306		9,706		9,783		10,123		10,722		11,007		11,960		15,020		15,443		15,179		15,420		15,503
Canada	—	38,522	40,136	37,480	42,585	—	7,774	2,3	8,997	2,3	9,774	2,3	10,078	2,3	10,226	2,3	—		22,810	4,5	20,903	4	22,475	4	23,226	4	22,006	4	—
Chile	12,635	14,106	14,578	15,107	17,312	21,486	2,099		2,245		2,635		2,935		3,203		4,522		6,873		6,829		6,829		6,863		7,101		8,333
Czech Republic	20,280	25,845	25,614	25,364	27,046	28,679	4,098		5,236		5,615		5,532		6,128		6,419		6,649		8,318		8,237		7,635		9,392		10,319
Denmark	33,626	39,494	38,299	40,600	41,843	43,564	8,997	6	10,429	6	11,094	6	11,404	6	10,230	6	10,780		14,959	6	17,634	6	18,556	6	18,977	6	21,254	6	—
Estonia	16,660	21,802	19,789	20,093	23,088	24,689	3,736		6,054		6,149		5,984		6,055		6,334		3,869		6,022	5	6,373		6,501		7,868		8,206
Finland	30,468	37,795	35,848	36,030	38,611	40,209	6,610		8,068		8,314		8,591		9,180		9,353		12,285		15,402		16,569		16,714		18,002		17,863
France	29,644	34,233	33,724	34,395	36,391	37,347	7,456		8,559	3	8,861	3	9,070	3	9,329	3	9,338	3	10,995		14,079		14,642		15,067		15,375		15,281
Germany	30,496	37,171	36,048	37,661	40,990	42,730	7,039		7,859		8,534		—		9,521		9,843		12,446		15,390		15,711		—		16,723		17,157
Greece	25,472	29,920	29,381	27,539	26,622	25,462	5,493	2	—		—		—		—		—		6,130		—		—		—		—		—
Hungary	17,014	20,700	20,154	20,625	22,413	22,494	4,027	4	4,626	4	4,506	4	4,555	4	4,527	4	4,371		6,244	4	7,327	4	8,518	4	8,745	4	9,210	4	8,876
Iceland	35,571	39,029	36,718	35,509	38,224	40,464	8,815	6	9,745		9,309		8,592		9,326		9,333		9,474	6	10,429		9,939		8,728		8,612		9,377
Ireland	38,061	42,644	39,750	41,000	42,943	45,210	6,411		8,915	4	9,615	4	9,638	4	9,830	4	9,893	4	10,468		16,284	4	16,420	4	16,008	4	16,095	4	14,922	4
Israel	21,474	27,690	27,454	26,552	30,168	31,296	5,041		5,780		5,464		5,692		6,277		6,325		10,919		12,568		11,214		10,730		11,554		12,338
Italy3	27,750	33,271	32,397	32,110	33,870	35,334	7,410	4	9,071	4	8,943	4	8,489	4	8,534	4	8,450	4	8,026	4	9,553		9,562		9,580		9,990		10,071
Japan6	30,290	33,902	32,324	35,238	34,967	35,695	7,343		8,301		8,502		9,168		9,102		9,408		12,326		14,890		15,957		16,015		16,446		16,872
Korea, Republic of	21,342	26,877	27,171	28,829	29,035	32,022	5,638		6,723		8,122		7,396		7,652		7,934		7,606		9,081		9,513		9,972		9,927		9,866
Luxembourg	69,984	89,732	82,972	84,672	88,668	91,754	15,930	2,3,4	16,909	3	18,018	3	19,050	3	19,600	3	20,153		—		—		—		—		—		32,876	4
Mexico	11,299	15,190	14,397	15,195	17,125	16,767	2,025		2,284		2,339		2,464		2,765		2,801		6,402		7,504		8,020		7,872		7,889		8,115
Netherlands	34,724	42,887	41,089	41,682	43,150	46,062	7,045		9,251		10,030		10,075		10,268		10,464		13,883		17,245		17,849		17,161		17,549		19,276
New Zealand	24,882	29,231	29,204	29,629	31,487	32,165	5,659		6,496		7,556		7,681		8,831		8,445		10,262		10,526		10,619		10,418		10,582		13,740
Norway7	47,620	43,659	54,708	44,825	46,696	51,368	9,975		12,070		12,971		13,067		13,219		13,611	8	15,552		18,942		19,269		18,512		18,840		20,016	8
Poland4	13,573	18,062	18,910	20,034	21,753	22,869	3,165		4,682		5,167		5,693		6,066		6,764		5,593		7,063		7,776		8,866		9,659		9,799
Portugal4	19,967	24,962	24,935	25,519	25,672	27,204	5,646	3	6,276	3	7,288	3	7,419	3	7,282	3	7,444	6	8,787		10,373		10,481		10,578		9,640		9,196	6
Slovak Republic8	15,881	23,205	22,620	23,194	25,130	25,725	2,740		4,006		4,781		5,066		5,105		5,231		5,783		6,560		6,758		6,904		8,177		9,022
Slovenia	23,043	29,241	27,150	26,649	28,156	28,455	7,065		8,555		8,670		8,505		8,867		8,457		8,573		9,263		9,311		9,693		10,413		11,002
Spain	27,270	33,173	32,146	31,574	32,157	32,775	6,411		8,522		8,818		8,479		8,476		8,152		10,089		13,366		13,614		13,373		13,173		12,356
Sweden	32,770	39,321	37,192	39,251	41,761	43,869	7,861		9,524		9,709		10,044		10,548		10,652		15,946		20,014		19,961		19,562		20,818		22,534
Switzerland4	35,500	45,517	44,773	48,962	51,582	55,623	10,721		13,775		13,411		13,510		14,623		15,512		21,734		21,648		21,577		21,893		22,882		25,264
Turkey	—	14,963	14,442	15,775	17,781	18,002	—		—		—		2,020		2,501		2,784		—		—		—		—		8,193		7,779
United Kingdom	31,580	36,817	34,483	35,299	33,886	37,170	6,888		9,169		9,602		9,980		9,738		10,056		13,506		15,310		16,338		15,862		14,223		24,338
United States9	41,674	46,901	45,087	46,548	49,321	49,895	9,771		11,107		11,818		11,826		11,841		11,732		23,435		27,499		27,066		25,576		26,021		26,562
	Constant 2014 dollars
OECD average1	$34,878	$37,259	$36,642	$36,339	$37,353	$37,998	$8,183		$8,994		$9,525		$9,230		$9,295		$9,232		$13,749		$14,724		$15,126		$14,343		$14,609		$15,276
Australia	41,195	43,467	44,107	44,297	45,474	44,500	8,657		8,592		10,085		10,643		9,875		9,063		17,673		16,540		17,737		16,439		17,120		17,383
Austria	41,345	43,816	42,852	43,873	45,232	46,289	11,439		12,088		12,889		12,695		13,165		12,543		17,911		16,541		15,733		16,293		15,676		16,032
Belgium	38,884	40,551	40,495	41,123	42,195	42,981	8,856		10,672		10,796		10,990		11,285		11,350		14,499		16,516		17,041		16,479		16,229		15,985
Canada	—	42,356	44,289	40,691	44,818	—	9,424	2	9,892	2,3	10,786	2,3	10,941	2,3	10,762	2,3	—		27,650	4,5	22,984	4	24,801	4	25,216	4	23,160	4	—
Chile	15,316	15,510	16,086	16,401	18,219	22,155	2,544		2,468		2,908		3,187		3,371		4,663		8,331		7,509		7,536		7,451		7,473		8,592
Czech Republic	24,584	28,418	28,265	27,537	28,464	29,571	4,967		5,758		6,196		6,006		6,450		6,618		8,060		9,146		9,089		8,289		9,884		10,640
Denmark	40,762	43,426	42,262	44,078	44,037	44,920	10,906	6	11,467	6	12,242	6	12,380	6	10,766	6	11,116		18,133	6	19,389	6	20,476	6	20,603	6	22,369	6	—
Estonia	20,195	23,973	21,836	21,815	24,299	25,457	4,529		6,656		6,786		6,497		6,373		6,531		4,690		6,622	5	7,032		7,058		8,281		8,462
Finland	36,934	41,558	39,557	39,116	40,636	41,460	8,013		8,871		9,174		9,326		9,661		9,643		14,892		16,935		18,283		18,146		18,946		18,419
France	35,935	37,641	37,214	37,341	38,299	38,509	9,039		9,411	3	9,778	3	9,847	3	9,818	3	9,628	3	13,329		15,480		16,157		16,358		16,181		15,757
Germany	36,967	40,871	39,778	40,887	43,139	44,060	8,532		8,641		9,417		—		10,020		10,149		15,087		16,922		17,337		—		17,600		17,691
Greece	30,878	32,898	32,421	29,898	28,019	26,255	6,659	2	—		—		—		—		—		7,432		—		—		—		—		—
Hungary	20,625	22,761	22,240	22,392	23,589	23,194	4,881	4	5,087	4	4,973	4	4,945	4	4,765	4	4,507		7,569	4	8,057	4	9,399	4	9,494	4	9,693	4	9,152
Iceland	43,120	42,914	40,517	38,552	40,229	41,722	10,686	6	10,715		10,272		9,328		9,815		9,623		11,485	5	11,468		10,967		9,476		9,064		9,669
Ireland	46,138	46,889	43,863	44,513	45,195	46,616	7,771		9,802	4	10,610	4	10,463	4	10,345	4	10,201	4	12,689		17,905	4	18,119	4	17,379	4	16,939	4	15,386	4
Israel	26,031	30,447	30,295	28,827	31,750	32,270	6,110		6,355		6,029		6,180		6,606		6,522		13,236		13,820		12,375		11,649		12,160		12,721
Italy3	33,639	36,583	35,749	34,861	35,646	36,433	8,982	4	9,974	4	9,868	4	9,216	4	8,981	4	8,713	4	9,729	4	10,505		10,551		10,400		10,514		10,384
Japan6	36,718	37,277	35,669	38,257	36,801	36,805	8,902		9,127		9,381		9,953		9,580		9,701		14,942		16,372		17,608		17,387		17,308		17,397
Korea, Republic of	25,871	29,552	29,983	31,299	30,557	33,018	6,835		7,392		8,963		8,030		8,053		8,181		9,220		9,985		10,498		10,826		10,447		10,173
Luxembourg	84,836	98,665	91,558	91,926	93,318	94,608	19,311	2,3,4	18,593	3	19,882	3	20,682	3	20,628	3	20,780		—		—		—		—		—		33,899	4
Mexico	13,697	16,702	15,887	16,497	18,023	17,288	2,455		2,511		2,581		2,675		2,910		2,888		7,761		8,251		8,850		8,547		8,303		8,368
Netherlands	42,093	47,157	45,341	45,252	45,413	47,495	8,540		10,172		11,068		10,938		10,806		10,789		16,829		18,961		19,696		18,632		18,470		19,876
New Zealand	30,162	32,141	32,226	32,168	33,138	33,166	6,861		7,142		8,338		8,339		9,294		8,707		12,439		11,574		11,718		11,311		11,137		14,168
Norway7	57,726	48,005	60,368	48,666	49,145	52,966	12,092		13,272		14,313		14,186		13,912		14,035	8	18,853		20,827		21,263		20,098		19,828		20,639	8
Poland4	16,453	19,860	20,867	21,750	22,894	23,580	3,836		5,148		5,701		6,181		6,384		6,974		6,780		7,766		8,581		9,625		10,165		10,104
Portugal4	24,205	27,447	27,516	27,705	27,018	28,050	6,844	3	6,901	3	8,042	3	8,055	3	7,664	3	7,676	6	10,652		11,405		11,565		11,485		10,145		9,482	6
Slovak Republic8	19,251	25,515	24,960	25,181	26,448	26,525	3,321		4,405		5,275		5,500		5,373		5,394		7,011		7,213		7,457		7,495		8,606		9,303
Slovenia	27,934	32,152	29,959	28,932	29,632	29,341	8,564		9,407		9,568		9,234		9,332		8,720		10,392		10,185		10,275		10,523		10,960		11,344
Spain	33,057	36,476	35,473	34,278	33,843	33,794	7,771		9,370		9,731		9,205		8,920		8,406		12,230		14,697		15,023		14,519		13,864		12,740
Sweden	39,725	43,236	41,040	42,614	43,952	45,234	9,530		10,472		10,714		10,905		11,101		10,983		19,330		22,006		22,026		21,238		21,910		23,235
Switzerland4	43,033	50,048	49,406	53,157	54,287	57,353	12,996		15,146		14,798		14,668		15,390		15,994		26,347		23,803		23,810		23,769		24,082		26,050
Turkey	—	16,452	15,936	17,127	18,713	18,562	—		—		—		2,193		2,632		2,871		—		—		—		—		8,623		8,021
United Kingdom	38,282	40,483	38,051	38,323	35,663	38,327	8,350		10,082		10,596		10,835		10,249		10,368		16,373		16,834		18,029		17,221		14,969		25,095
United States9	50,518	51,570	49,753	50,536	51,908	51,447	11,844		12,213		13,040		12,839		12,462		12,097		28,408		30,237		29,867		27,767		27,386		27,388

—Not available.

1 Refers to the mean of the data values for all reporting Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries, to which each country reporting data contributes equally. The average includes all current OECD countries for which a given year's data are available, even if they were not members of OECD in that year.

2 Includes preprimary education (for children ages 3 and older).

3 Education expenditures exclude postsecondary non-higher-education.

4 Education expenditures include public institutions only.

5 Excludes occupation-specific education corresponding to that offered at the vocational associate's degree level in the United States.

6 Postsecondary non-higher-education included in both secondary and higher education.

7 The GDP mainland market value is used for Norway.

8 Occupation-specific education corresponding to that offered at the vocational associate's degree level in the United States is included in elementary and secondary education instead of in higher education.

9 Postsecondary non-higher-education included in higher education.

NOTE: Includes all expenditures by public and private education institutions (such as administration, instruction, ancillary services for students and families, and research and development) unless otherwise noted. Expenditures for International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) level 4 (postsecondary non-higher-education) are included in elementary and secondary education unless otherwise noted. Data adjusted to U.S. dollars using the purchasing power parity (PPP) index. Constant dollars based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor. Data for 2011 and earlier years were calculated using the ISCED 1997 classification. Data for 2012 used the ISCED 2011 classification and may not be comparable to data for earlier years.

SOURCE: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Education at a Glance, 2008 through 2015. (This table was prepared December 2015.)