Table 401.30.

Federal on-budget funds for education, by level/educational purpose, agency, and program: Selected fiscal years, 1970 through 2015

[In thousands of current dollars]
Level/educational purpose, agency, and program	1970	1980	19901	19951	20001	20051	20101	20111	20121	20131	20141	20151,2
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13
Total	$12,526,499	$34,493,502	$51,624,342	$71,639,520	$85,944,203	$147,878,146	$183,189,989	$183,942,414	$190,400,108	$182,297,588	$190,498,209	$196,456,123
Elementary/secondary education	5,830,442	16,027,686	21,984,361	33,623,809	43,790,783	68,957,711	86,681,783	76,406,315	78,529,067	78,965,899	79,411,320	77,565,989
Department of Education3	2,719,204	6,629,095	9,681,313	14,029,000	20,039,563	37,477,594	49,621,475	38,652,240	38,600,066	38,705,852	37,771,972	37,394,190
Education for the disadvantaged	1,339,014	3,204,664	4,494,111	6,808,000	8,529,111	14,635,566	15,864,666	15,515,444	15,741,703	15,590,733	15,552,693	15,536,107
Impact aid program4	656,372	690,170	816,366	808,000	877,101	1,262,174	1,276,183	1,273,631	1,291,186	1,299,088	1,288,603	1,288,603
School improvement programs5	288,304	788,918	1,189,158	1,397,000	2,549,971	7,918,091	16,999,862	6,738,485	6,327,886	6,543,628	5,883,351	5,478,097
Indian education	†	93,365	69,451	71,000	65,285	121,911	127,282	127,027	130,779	131,579	123,939	123,939
English Language Acquisition	21,250	169,540	188,919	225,000	362,662	667,485	750,000	733,530	732,144	736,624	723,400	737,400
Special education	79,090	821,777	1,616,623	3,177,000	4,948,977	10,940,312	12,587,035	12,526,672	12,640,709	12,661,256	12,497,300	12,522,358
Vocational and adult education	335,174	860,661	1,306,685	1,482,000	1,462,977	1,967,086	2,016,447	1,737,451	1,735,659	1,742,944	1,702,686	1,707,686
Education Reform--Goals 20006	†	†	†	61,000	1,243,479	-35,031	†	†	†	†	†	†
Hurricane Education Recovery	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Agriculture	760,477	4,064,497	5,528,950	8,201,294	10,051,278	12,577,265	17,875,561	18,843,607	20,849,143	21,931,420	21,818,519	20,617,097
Child nutrition programs7	299,131	3,377,056	4,977,075	7,644,789	9,554,028	11,901,943	16,383,421	17,290,601	19,504,343	20,487,229	20,487,299	19,287,957
McGovern-Dole International Food for Education and       Child Nutrition Program8	†	†	†	†	†	86,000	210,000	343,500	196,400	197,126	260,000	192,000
Agricultural Marketing Service--commodities9	341,597	388,000	350,441	400,000	400,000	399,322	1,100,000	1,006,000	952,000	1,053,000	888,000	1,029,000
Special Milk Program	83,800	159,293	18,707	(7 )	(7 )	(7 )	(7 )	(7 )	(7 )	(7 )	(7 )	(7 )
Estimated education share of Forest Service       permanent appropriations	35,949	140,148	182,727	156,505	97,250	190,000	182,140	203,506	196,400	194,065	183,220	108,140
Department of Commerce	†	54,816	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Local public works program--school facilities10	†	54,816	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Defense	143,100	370,846	1,097,876	1,295,547	1,485,611	1,786,253	1,981,321	2,047,825	2,132,046	2,220,611	2,193,877	2,134,713
Junior Reserve Officers Training Corps (JROTC)	12,100	32,000	39,300	155,600	210,432	315,122	359,689	377,526	391,682	407,335	450,229	381,306
Overseas dependents schools	131,000	338,846	864,958	855,772	904,829	1,060,920	1,186,560	1,193,636	1,235,707	1,262,545	1,187,691	1,170,596
Domestic schools4	†	†	193,618	284,175	370,350	410,211	435,072	476,663	504,657	550,731	555,957	582,811
Department of Energy	200	77,633	15,563	12,646	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Energy conservation for school buildings11	†	77,240	15,213	10,746	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Pre-engineering program	200	393	350	1,900	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Health and Human Services	167,333	1,077,000	2,396,793	5,116,559	6,011,036	8,003,348	8,547,000	8,871,364	9,298,710	8,894,300	9,963,200	9,981,200
Head Start12	†	735,000	1,447,758	3,534,000	5,267,000	6,842,348	7,234,000	7,559,164	7,969,210	7,573,000	8,598,000	8,598,000
Payments to states for Aid to Families with       Dependent Children (AFDC) work programs13	†	†	459,221	953,000	15,000	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Social Security student benefits14	167,333	342,000	489,814	629,559	729,036	1,161,000	1,313,000	1,312,200	1,329,500	1,321,300	1,365,200	1,383,200
Department of Homeland Security	†	†	†	†	†	500	505	504	454	364	341	346
Tuition assistance for educational accreditation--       Coast Guard personnel15	†	†	†	†	†	500	505	504	454	364	341	346
Department of the Interior	140,705	318,170	445,267	493,124	725,423	938,506	781,075	815,877	782,335	742,546	782,405	807,193
Mineral Leasing Act and other funds
Payments to states--estimated education share	12,294	62,636	123,811	18,750	24,610	60,290	23,000	24,380	26,450	24,770	28,100	24,100
Payments to counties--estimated education share	16,359	48,953	102,522	37,490	53,500	79,686	50,000	53,000	58,000	53,970	61,300	52,500
Indian Education
Bureau of Indian Education schools	95,850	178,112	192,841	411,524	466,905	517,647	580,492	583,572	631,477	597,412	622,382	641,353
Johnson-O'Malley assistance16	16,080	28,081	25,556	24,359	17,387	16,510	13,589	13,415	13,304	12,615	14,338	14,739
Education construction	†	†	†	†	161,021	263,373	112,994	140,509	52,104	52,779	55,285	74,501
Education expenses for children of employees,       Yellowstone National Park	122	388	538	1,000	2,000	1,000	1,000	1,000	1,000	1,000	1,000	†
Department of Justice	8,237	23,890	65,997	128,850	224,800	554,500	137,529	140,525	149,587	160,684	151,630	—
Advanced occupational education	†	†	†	†	†	†	137,529	140,525	149,587	160,684	151,630	—
Vocational training expenses for prisoners in       federal prisons	2,720	4,966	2,066	3,000	1,000	0	†	†	†	†	†	†
Inmate programs17	5,517	18,924	63,931	125,850	223,800	554,500	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Labor	420,927	1,849,800	2,505,487	3,957,800	4,683,200	5,654,000	6,826,000	6,121,000	5,802,000	5,188,004	5,463,123	5,314,155
Job Corps	†	469,800	739,376	1,029,000	1,256,000	1,521,000	1,850,000	1,660,000	1,789,000	1,650,004	1,691,123	1,688,155
Training programs--estimated funds for       education programs18	420,927	1,380,000	1,766,111	2,928,800	3,427,200	4,133,000	4,976,000	4,461,000	4,013,000	3,538,000	3,772,000	3,626,000
Department of Transportation	45	60	46	62	188	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Tuition assistance for educational accreditation--       Coast Guard personnel15	45	60	46	62	188	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of the Treasury	†	935,903	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Estimated education share of general revenue       sharing19
State20	†	525,019	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Local	†	410,884	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Veterans Affairs	338,910	545,786	155,351	311,768	445,052	1,815,000	760,476	759,457	790,688	930,750	1,079,667	1,201,493
Noncollegiate and job training programs21	281,640	439,993	12,848	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Vocational rehabilitation for disabled veterans22	41,700	87,980	136,780	298,132	438,635	1,815,000	760,476	759,457	790,688	930,750	1,079,667	1,201,493
Veteran Dependents' education23	15,570	17,813	5,723	5,961	6,417	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Service Members Occupational Conversion Training       Act of 1992	†	†	†	7,675	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Other agencies
Appalachian Regional Commission	33,161	9,157	93	2,173	2,588	2,962	986	2,290	962	1,689	3,163	1,574
National Endowment for the Arts24	†	4,989	4,641	7,117	6,002	8,470	11,530	12,125	10,450	10,427	10,924	9,777
Arts in education	†	4,989	4,641	7,117	6,002	8,470	11,530	12,125	10,450	10,427	10,924	9,777
National Endowment for the Humanities.	20	330	404	997	812	603	125	75	100	333	181	243
Office of Economic Opportunity.	1,072,375	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Head Start25	325,700	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Other elementary and secondary programs26	42,809	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Job Corps27	144,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Youth Corps and other training programs27	553,368	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Volunteers in Service to America (VISTA)28	6,498	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Other programs
Estimated education share of federal aid to the       District of Columbia	25,748	65,714	86,579	66,871	115,230	138,710	138,200	139,426	112,526	178,919	172,318	104,008
Postsecondary education	$3,447,697	$11,115,882	$13,650,915	$17,618,137	$15,008,715	$38,587,287	$50,188,459	$64,422,753	$70,304,347	$63,353,225	$69,439,861	$76,955,169
Department of Education3	1,187,962	5,682,242	11,175,978	14,234,000	10,727,315	31,420,023	36,539,655	49,260,330	54,470,178	46,130,198	51,896,533	57,908,189
Student financial assistance	†	3,682,789	5,920,328	7,047,000	9,060,317	15,209,515	25,959,478	43,753,247	43,324,872	37,319,312	30,589,493	30,278,081
Direct Loan Program29	†	†	†	840,000	-2,862,240	3,020,992	3,481,859	2,781,709	6,917,373	3,273,880	16,254,117	23,660,742
Federal Family Education Loan Program30	2,323	1,407,977	4,372,446	5,190,000	2,707,473	10,777,470	3,932,994	-91,796	1,498,353	2,787,755	2,269,320	1,362,692
Higher education	1,029,131	399,787	659,492	871,000	1,530,779	2,053,288	2,740,665	2,388,946	2,297,656	2,302,753	2,322,592	2,161,224
Facilities--loans and insurance	114,199	-19,031	19,219	-6,000	-2,174	-1,464	-8,360	-4,607	-8,513	-156	-109	-156
College housing loans31	†	14,082	-57,167	-46,000	-41,886	-33,521	-16,725	-13,265	-16,725	-1,176	-1,176	-1,176
Educational activities overseas	774	3,561	82	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Historically Black Colleges and Universities
Capital Financing, Program Account	†	†	†	†	150	169	23,330	23,289	32,160	20,227	55,184	37,670
Gallaudet College and Howard University	38,559	176,829	230,327	292,000	291,060	339,823	357,977	357,261	359,580	361,781	340,821	342,096
National Technical Institute for the Deaf	2,976	16,248	31,251	46,000	43,836	53,751	68,437	65,546	65,422	65,822	66,291	67,016
Department of Agriculture	†	10,453	31,273	33,373	30,676	61,957	80,697	81,658	81,658	75,387	82,986	82,986
Agriculture Extension Service, Second Morrill Act       payments to agricultural and mechanical colleges       and Tuskegee Institute	†	10,453	31,273	33,373	30,676	61,957	80,697	81,658	81,658	75,387	82,986	82,986
Department of Commerce	8,277	29,971	3,312	3,487	3,800	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Sea Grant Program32	†	3,123	3,312	3,487	3,800	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Merchant Marine Academy33	6,160	14,809	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
State marine schools33	2,117	12,039	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Defense	322,100	545,000	635,769	729,500	1,147,759	1,858,301	2,550,667	2,297,234	2,407,629	2,420,958	2,314,444	2,204,083
Tuition assistance for military personnel	57,500	—	95,300	127,000	263,303	608,109	669,892	567,412	590,626	564,604	580,848	520,817
Service academies	78,700	106,100	120,613	163,300	212,678	300,760	402,640	348,836	375,250	372,726	225,163	227,413
Senior Reserve Officers Training Corps (SROTC)	108,100	—	193,056	219,400	363,461	537,525	885,500	851,910	844,498	843,018	856,900	840,384
Professional development education34	77,800	—	226,800	219,800	308,317	411,907	592,635	529,076	597,255	640,610	651,533	615,469
Department of Energy	3,000	57,701	25,502	28,027	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
University laboratory cooperative program	3,000	2,800	9,402	8,552	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Teacher development projects	†	1,400	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Energy conservation for buildings--higher       education11	†	53,501	7,459	7,381	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Minority honors vocational training	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Honors research program	†	†	6,472	2,221	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Students and teachers	†	†	2,169	9,873	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Health and Human Services	981,483	2,412,058	578,542	796,035	954,190	1,433,516	1,278,936	1,368,129	1,311,009	1,254,548	1,308,245	1,302,908
Health professions training programs35	353,029	460,736	230,600	298,302	340,361	581,661	406,000	498,000	459,000	438,039	469,236	438,721
Indian health manpower	†	7,187	9,508	27,000	16,000	27,000	46,000	41,000	41,000	32,000	32,000	48,000
National Health Service Corps scholarships	†	70,667	4,759	78,206	33,300	45,000	41,000	46,400	38,300	39,800	43,300	38,500
National Institutes of Health training grants36	†	176,388	241,356	380,502	550,220	756,014	775,186	772,000	762,000	734,000	753,000	767,000
National Institute of Occupational Safety and       Health training grants37	8,088	12,899	10,461	11,660	14,198	23,841	10,750	10,729	10,709	10,709	10,709	10,687
Alcohol, drug abuse, and mental health training       programs38	118,366	122,103	81,353	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Health teaching facilities39	†	3,078	505	365	110	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Social Security postsecondary students'       benefits40	502,000	1,559,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Homeland Security	†	†	†	†	†	36,400	45,824	49,604	48,592	43,468	36,142	35,905
Coast Guard Academy15	†	†	†	†	†	16,400	26,326	27,581	26,803	24,359	25,407	23,905
Postgraduate training for Coast Guard officers41	†	†	†	†	†	8,700	4,645	4,883	5,891	6,198	5,417	5,345
Tuition assistance to Coast Guard military       personnel15	†	†	†	†	†	11,300	14,853	17,140	15,898	12,911	5,318	6,655
Department of Housing and Urban Development31	114,199	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
College housing loans31	114,199	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of the Interior	31,749	80,202	135,480	159,054	187,179	249,227	177,626	116,465	124,065	110,702	116,337	115,172
Shared revenues, Mineral Leasing Act and other       receipts--estimated education share	6,949	35,403	69,980	82,810	98,740	146,235	16,250	20,430	29,900	20,310	23,100	19,800
Indian programs
Continuing education	9,380	16,909	34,911	43,907	57,576	76,271	126,791	61,603	61,435	58,832	61,887	64,182
Higher education scholarships	15,420	27,890	30,589	32,337	30,863	26,721	34,585	34,432	32,730	31,560	31,350	31,190
Department of State	30,850	†	2,167	3,000	319,000	424,000	657,660	620,050	601,770	577,864	567,811	589,900
Educational exchange42	30,850	†	†	†	319,000	424,000	657,660	620,050	601,770	577,864	567,811	589,900
Mutual educational and cultural exchange       activities	30,454	†	†	†	303,000	402,000	635,000	599,550	583,200	559,180	567,811	589,900
International educational exchange activities43	396	†	†	†	16,000	22,000	22,660	20,500	18,570	18,684	†	†
Russian, Eurasian, and East European Research and       Training	†	†	2,167	3,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Transportation	11,197	12,530	46,025	59,257	60,300	73,000	89,997	95,806	102,268	97,993	96,800	97,650
Merchant Marine Academy33	†	†	20,926	30,850	34,000	61,000	74,057	79,897	85,168	81,787	79,500	79,150
State marine schools33	†	†	8,269	8,980	7,000	12,000	15,940	15,909	17,100	16,206	17,300	18,500
Coast Guard Academy15	9,342	10,000	12,074	13,500	15,500	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Postgraduate training for Coast Guard officers41	1,655	2,230	4,173	5,513	2,500	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Tuition assistance to Coast Guard military       personnel15	200	300	582	414	1,300	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of the Treasury	†	296,750	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
General revenue sharing--estimated state share to       higher education19,20	†	296,750	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Veterans Affairs	693,490	1,803,847	599,825	1,010,114	1,132,322	2,478,624	8,034,534	9,821,752	10,114,790	11,685,892	12,024,361	13,605,271
Vietnam-era veterans	638,260	1,579,974	46,998	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
College student support	†	1,560,081	39,458	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Work-study	†	19,893	7,540	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Service persons college support	18,900	46,617	8,911	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Post-Vietnam veterans	†	922	161,475	33,596	3,958	1,136	1,496	1,343	932	615	425	398
All-volunteer-force educational assistance	†	†	269,947	868,394	984,068	2,070,996	1,854,917	1,587,376	1,086,585	928,847	680,312	605,763
Veterans	†	†	183,765	760,390	876,434	1,887,239	1,659,694	1,385,943	931,756	775,382	530,508	478,735
Reservists	†	†	86,182	108,004	107,634	183,757	195,223	201,433	154,829	153,465	149,804	127,028
Post 9-11 GI Bill44	†	†	†	†	†	†	5,542,843	7,656,490	8,476,227	10,184,499	10,754,649	12,407,886
Veteran dependents' education	36,330	176,334	100,494	95,124	131,296	388,719	507,294	462,877	455,318	483,281	513,633	540,801
Payments to state education agencies	†	†	12,000	13,000	13,000	17,773	18,958	18,342	18,738	18,980	18,985	19,000
Reserve Education Assistance Program (REAP)45	†	†	†	†	†	†	109,026	95,324	76,990	69,670	56,357	31,423
Other agencies
Appalachian Regional Commission	4,105	1,751	—	2,741	2,286	4,407	2,464	6,098	6,653	4,443	7,471	17,062
National Endowment for the Humanities	3,349	56,451	50,938	56,481	28,395	29,253	47,949	40,168	45,000	39,399	39,824	42,900
National Science Foundation	42,000	64,583	161,884	211,800	389,000	490,000	646,000	636,060	937,160	858,130	894,000	893,350
Science and engineering education programs	37,000	64,583	161,884	211,800	389,000	490,000	646,000	636,060	937,160	858,130	894,000	893,350
Sea Grant Program32	5,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
United States Information Agency46	8,423	51,095	181,172	260,800	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Educational and cultural affairs42	†	49,546	35,862	13,600	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Educational and cultural exchange programs47	†	†	145,307	247,200	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Educational exchange activities, international	†	1,549	3	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Information center and library activities	8,423	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Other programs
Barry Goldwater Scholarship and Excellence       in Education Foundation	†	†	1,033	3,000	3,000	3,000	4,000	3,000	4,000	4,000	3,000	3,000
Estimated education share of federal aid to the       District of Columbia48	5,513	13,143	14,637	9,468	11,493	14,578	20,450	15,115	37,875	37,193	37,538	42,324
Harry S Truman Scholarship fund	†	-1,895	2,883	3,000	3,000	3,000	2,000	1,000	1,200	1,500	1,000	1,000
Institute of American Indian and Alaska Native       Culture and Arts Development	†	†	4,305	13,000	2,000	6,000	8,000	8,284	8,500	9,550	11,369	11,469
James Madison Memorial Fellowship Foundation	†	†	191	2,000	7,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000
Other education	$964,719	$1,548,730	$3,383,031	$4,719,655	$5,484,571	$6,913,451	$9,326,441	$11,096,234	$9,390,511	$9,638,631	$9,443,392	$9,467,086
Department of Education3	630,235	747,706	2,251,801	2,861,000	3,223,355	3,538,862	5,073,063	5,255,939	5,466,031	5,696,191	5,420,500	5,457,928
Administration	47,456	187,317	328,293	404,000	458,054	548,842	1,531,232	1,755,384	1,928,821	2,048,098	1,971,955	1,965,715
Libraries49	108,284	129,127	137,264	117,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Rehabilitative services and disability research	473,091	426,886	1,780,360	2,333,000	2,755,468	2,973,346	3,506,861	3,474,718	3,511,281	3,622,925	3,422,749	3,466,393
American Printing House for the Blind	1,404	4,349	5,736	7,000	9,368	16,538	24,600	24,551	24,505	24,655	24,456	24,931
Trust funds and contributions	0	27	148	0	465	136	10,370	1,286	1,424	513	1,340	889
Department of Agriculture	135,637	271,112	352,511	422,878	444,477	468,631	567,423	552,030	547,081	549,989	545,676	548,176
Extension Service	131,734	263,584	337,907	405,371	424,174	445,631	543,423	530,030	526,081	528,989	521,676	524,176
National Agricultural Library	3,903	7,528	14,604	17,507	20,303	23,000	24,000	22,000	21,000	21,000	24,000	24,000
Department of Commerce	1,226	2,479	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Maritime Administration
Training for private sector employees33	1,226	2,479	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Health and Human Services	24,273	37,819	77,962	138,000	214,000	317,947	339,716	339,716	338,278	337,639	327,723	336,939
National Library of Medicine	24,273	37,819	77,962	138,000	214,000	317,947	339,716	339,716	338,278	337,639	327,723	336,939
Department of Homeland Security	†	†	†	†	†	278,243	341,100	1,851,832	215,884	243,111	258,730	259,595
Federal Law Enforcement Training Center50	†	†	†	†	†	159,000	323,000	270,832	271,413	243,111	258,730	259,595
Estimated disaster relief51	†	†	†	†	†	119,243	18,100	1,581,000	-55,529	—	—	—
Department of Justice	5,546	27,642	26,920	36,296	34,727	26,148	33,563	33,563	33,563	30,207	30,095	30,814
Federal Bureau of Investigation National Academy	2,066	7,234	6,028	12,831	22,479	15,619	19,443	19,443	19,443	21,268	21,291	21,409
Federal Bureau of Investigation Field Police       Academy	2,500	7,715	10,548	11,140	11,962	10,456	14,120	14,120	14,120	8,939	8,804	9,405
Narcotics and dangerous drug training	980	2,416	850	325	286	73	†	†	†	†	†	†
National Institute of Corrections	†	10,277	9,494	12,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of State	20,672	25,000	47,539	51,648	69,349	109,309	120,520	121,620	123,452	219,238	251,230	234,337
Foreign Service Institute	15,857	25,000	47,539	51,648	69,349	109,309	120,520	121,620	123,452	219,238	251,230	234,337
Center for Cultural and Technical Interchange42	4,815	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Transportation	3,964	10,212	1,507	650	700	1,100	146	135	120	—	—	—
Highways training and education grants	2,418	3,412	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Maritime Administration
Training for private sector employees31	†	†	1,507	650	700	1,100	146	135	120	—	—	—
Urban mass transportation--managerial
training grants	1,546	500	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Federal Aviation Administration
Air traffic controllers second career program	—	6,300	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Department of the Treasury	18	14,584	41,488	48,000	83,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Federal Law Enforcement Training Center50	18	14,584	41,488	48,000	83,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Other agencies
ACTION52	†	2,833	8,472	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Estimated education funds	†	2,833	8,472	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Agency for International Development	88,034	99,707	170,371	260,408	299,000	574,000	542,700	599,500	598,800	574,000	576,439	589,900
Education and human resources	61,570	80,518	142,801	248,408	299,000	574,000	542,700	599,500	598,800	574,000	576,439	589,900
American schools and hospitals abroad	26,464	19,189	27,570	12,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Appalachian Regional Commission	572	8,124	†	5,709	2,369	1,173	1,620	3,514	3,510	6,938	2,439	5,045
Corporation for National and Community Service52	†	†	†	214,600	386,000	472,000	965,000	983,000	750,252	711,009	756,849	758,349
Federal Emergency Management Agency53	290	281	215	170,400	14,894	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Estimated architect/engineer student       development program	40	31	200	—	—	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Estimated other training programs54	250	250	15	—	—	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Estimated disaster relief51	—	—	—	170,400	14,894	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
General Services Administration	14,775	34,800	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Libraries and other archival activities55	14,775	34,800	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Institute of Museum and Library Services49	†	†	†	†	166,000	250,000	265,000	274,000	242,605	231,954	225,813	226,448
Japanese-United States Friendship Commission	†	2,294	2,299	2,000	3,000	3,000	2,000	3,700	3,700	3,700	3,000	3,000
Library of Congress	29,478	151,871	189,827	241,000	299,000	430,000	516,000	521,000	521,000	470,202	485,757	469,605
Salaries and expenses	20,700	102,364	148,985	198,000	247,000	383,000	439,000	446,000	442,000	422,625	433,830	419,357
Books for the blind and the physically       handicapped	6,195	31,436	37,473	39,000	46,000	47,000	77,000	75,000	79,000	47,577	51,927	50,248
Special foreign currency program	2,273	3,492	10	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Furniture and furnishings	310	14,579	3,359	4,000	6,000	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
National Aeronautics and Space Administration	350	882	3,300	5,923	6,800	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Aerospace education services project	350	882	3,300	5,923	6,800	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
National Archives and Records Administration	†	†	77,397	105,172	121,879	276,000	339,000	349,000	339,000	373,000	370,706	360,000
Libraries and other archival activities55	†	†	77,397	105,172	121,879	276,000	339,000	349,000	339,000	373,000	370,706	360,000
National Commission on Libraries and       Information Science56	†	2,090	3,281	1,000	2,000	1,000	†	†	†	†	†	†
National Endowment for the Arts24	340	231	936	2,304	4,046	2,506	2,883	1,370	6,145	3,483	4,502	3,732
National Endowment for the Humanities	5,090	85,805	89,706	94,249	70,807	87,969	94,580	90,891	91,000	74,439	77,528	77,073
Smithsonian Institution	2,461	5,153	5,779	9,961	25,764	45,890	63,107	67,322	65,109	65,483	68,529	70,053
Museum programs and related research	2,261	3,254	690	3,190	18,000	32,000	52,000	56,000	54,000	54,313	57,915	59,553
National Gallery of Art extension service	200	426	474	771	764	890	107	119	122	115	114	—
Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars	†	1,473	4,615	6,000	7,000	13,000	11,000	11,203	10,987	11,055	10,500	10,500
United States Information Agency--Center for       Cultural and Technical Interchange42	†	15,115	20,375	34,000	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
United States Institute of Peace	†	†	7,621	12,000	13,000	28,000	58,000	47,000	44,000	47,000	37,000	35,000
Other programs
Estimated education share of federal aid for the       District of Columbia	1,758	2,990	3,724	2,457	404	1,674	1,020	1,102	980	1,048	876	1,092
Research programs at universities and related       institutions57	$2,283,641	$5,801,204	$12,606,035	$15,677,919	$21,660,134	$33,419,698	$36,993,306	$32,017,112	$32,176,184	$30,339,833	$32,203,636	$32,467,878
Department of Education58	87,823	78,742	89,483	279,000	116,464	456,822	659,006	608,786	593,664	$597,297	$576,935	$573,935
Department of Agriculture	64,796	216,405	348,109	434,544	553,600	709,700	737,200	764,000	643,100	578,800	697,900	794,100
Department of Commerce	4,487	48,295	50,523	85,442	110,775	243,948	303,000	242,778	205,085	235,936	275,521	294,768
Department of Defense	356,188	644,455	1,871,864	1,853,955	1,891,710	4,342,100	3,154,300	3,272,300	2,861,205	2,394,900	2,788,700	2,940,200
Department of Energy	548,327	1,470,224	2,520,885	2,651,641	3,577,004	4,339,879	3,402,600	2,994,903	2,983,055	2,941,159	3,288,681	3,099,413
Department of Health and Human Services	623,765	2,087,053	4,902,714	6,418,969	10,491,641	16,357,996	21,796,200	17,780,531	17,630,467	16,588,019	17,305,391	17,416,327
Department of Homeland Security	†	†	†	†	†	309,717	152,800	104,450	68,700	71,637	77,173	78,176
Department of Housing and Urban Development	510	5,314	118	1,613	1,400	1,100	400	1,600	300	4,500	100	1,500
Department of the Interior	18,521	42,175	49,790	50,618	47,200	66,800	84,200	108,774	65,405	51,352	76,822	52,400
Department of Justice	1,945	9,189	6,858	7,204	19,400	27,500	34,600	29,900	34,700	38,900	55,300	54,800
Department of Labor	3,567	12,938	5,893	10,114	12,900	110,500	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of State	8,220	188	1,519	23	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Transportation	12,328	31,910	28,608	75,847	55,866	52,800	70,100	64,800	71,500	80,509	71,200	6,800
Department of the Treasury	†	226	227	1,496	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Department of Veterans Affairs	518	1,600	2,300	2,500	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Agency for International Development	†	77,063	79,415	30,172	33,500	28,100	15,200	22,400	31,100	29,900	17,600	17,900
Environmental Protection Agency	19,446	41,083	87,481	125,721	98,900	83,400	54,700	79,200	87,200	73,700	86,100	68,000
Federal Emergency Management Agency	†	1,665	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
National Aeronautics and Space Administration	258,016	254,629	1,090,003	1,751,977	2,071,030	2,763,120	1,585,500	1,430,761	2,289,837	2,200,143	2,287,755	2,333,069
National Science Foundation	253,628	743,809	1,427,007	1,874,395	2,566,244	3,503,216	4,914,700	4,491,930	4,597,266	4,443,881	4,584,258	4,723,391
Nuclear Regulatory Commission	†	32,590	42,328	22,188	12,200	15,100	14,500	14,000	8,600	5,400	9,400	6,200
Office of Economic Opportunity	20,035	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency	100	661	25	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Other agencies	1,421	990	885	500	300	7,900	14,300	6,000	5,000	3,800	4,800	6,900

—Not available.

†Not applicable.

1 Excludes federal support for medical education benefits under Medicare in the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Benefits excluded because data before fiscal year (FY) 1990 are not available. This program existed since Medicare began, but was not available as a separate budget item until FY 1990. Excluded amounts are estimated as follows: $4,440,000,000 in FY 1990, $7,510,000,000 in FY 1995, $8,020,000,000 in FY 2000, $8,290,000,000 in FY 2005, $9,080,000,000 in FY 2010, $9,200,000,000 in FY 2011, $9,800,000,000 in FY 2012, $10,000,000,000 in FY 2013, $11,330,000,000 in FY 2014, and $11,800,000,000 in FY 2015.

2 Data for research programs at universities and related institutions are estimated.

3 The U.S. Department of Education was created in May 1980. It formerly was the Office of Education in the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.

4 Arranges for the education of children who reside on federal property when no suitable local school district can or will provide for the education of these children.

5 Includes many programs, such as No Child Left Behind, 21st Century Community Learning Centers, Class Size Reduction, Charter Schools, Safe and Drug-Free Schools, and Innovative programs.

6 Included the School-To-Work Opportunities program, which initiated a national system to be administered jointly by the U.S. Departments of Education and Labor. Programs in the Education Reform program were transferred to the school improvement programs or discontinued in FY 2002. Amounts after FY 2002 reflect balances that are spending out from prior-year appropriations.

7 Starting in FY 1994, the Special Milk Program has been included in the child nutrition programs.

8 The Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (Public Law 107-171) carries out preschool and school feeding programs in foreign countries to help reduce the incidence of hunger and malnutrition, and improve literacy and primary education.

9 These commodities are purchased under Section 32 of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1935 (Public Law 74-320), for use in the child nutrition programs.

10 Assisted in the construction of public facilities, such as vocational schools, through grants or loans. No funds have been appropriated for this program since FY 1977, and it was completely phased out in FY 1984.

11 Established in 1979, with funds first appropriated in FY 1980.

12 Formerly in the Office of Economic Opportunity. In FY 1972, funds were transferred to the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Child Development.

13 Created by the Family Support Act of 1988 (Public Law 100-485) to provide funds for the Job Opportunities and Basic Skills Training program. Later incorporated into Temporary Assistance for Needy Families program.

14 After age 18, benefits terminate at the end of the school term or in 3 months, whichever comes first.

15 Transferred from the U.S. Department of Transportation to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security in March 2003.

16 Provides funding for supplemental programs for eligible American Indian students in public schools.

17 Finances the cost of academic, social, and occupational education courses for inmates in federal prisons.

18 Some of the work and training programs were in the Office of Economic Opportunity and were transferred to the U.S. Department of Labor in FYs 1971 and 1972. From FY 1994 through FY 2001, included the School-to-Work Opportunities program, which was administered jointly by the U.S. Departments of Education and Labor.

19 Established in FY 1972 and closed in FY 1986.

20 The states' share of revenue-sharing funds could not be spent on education in FYs 1981 through 1986.

21 Provided educational assistance allowances in order to restore lost educational opportunities to those individuals whose careers were interrupted or impeded by reason of active military service between January 31, 1955, and January 1, 1977.

22 This program is in Readjustment Benefits program, Chapter 31, and covers the costs of subsistence, tuition, books, supplies, and equipment for disabled veterans requiring vocational rehabilitation.

23 This program is in Readjustment Benefits program, Chapter 35, and provides benefits to children and spouses of veterans.

24 "Elementary/secondary" obligations for FYs 2014 and 2015 include those items that impact elementary and secondary (K–12) students, and that are standards based. "Other education" obligations include all other arts education items not meeting the terms of "elementary/secondary."

25 Head Start program funds were transferred to the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Child Development in FY 1972.

26 Most of these programs were transferred to the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education in FY 1972.

27 Transferred to the U.S. Department of Labor in FYs 1971 and 1972.

28 Transferred to the ACTION Agency in FY 1972.

29 Under the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program (commonly referred to as the Direct Loan Program), the federal government uses Treasury funds to provide loan capital directly to schools, which then disburse loan funds to students.

30 The Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) Program eliminated the authorization to originate new FFEL loans after June 30, 2010; all new loans are originated through the Direct Loan Program. The FFEL Program made loan capital available to students and their families through private lenders. State and private nonprofit guaranty agencies administer the federal guarantee protecting FFEL lenders against losses related to borrower default. These agencies also collect on defaulted loans and provide other services to lenders.

31 Transferred from the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development to the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, in FY 1979.

32 Transferred from the National Science Foundation to the U.S. Department of Commerce in October 1970.

33 Transferred from the U.S. Department of Commerce to the U.S. Department of Transportation in FY 1981.

34 Includes special education programs (military and civilian); legal education program; flight training; advanced degree program; college degree program (officers); and Armed Forces Health Professions Scholarship program.

35 Does not include Health Education Assistance Loans (HEAL).

36 Alcohol, drug abuse, and mental health training programs are included starting in FY 1992.

37 From 2008 onward, funding came from Harwood Training Grants.

38 Beginning in FY 1992, data were included in the National Institutes of Health training grants program.

39 This program closed in FY 2004.

40 Postsecondary student benefits were ended by the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1981 (Public Law 97-35) and were completely phased out by August 1985.

41 Includes flight training. Transferred to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security in March 2003.

42 Transferred from the U.S. Department of State to the United States Information Agency in 1977, then transferred back to the U.S. Department of State in FY 1998.

43 In FY 2014, the Regional Graduate Fellowship program was consolidated with the Fulbright Program.

44 Chapter 33 was enacted in the Post 9-11 Veterans Educational Assistance Act of 2008 (Public Law 110-252).

45 Part of the Ronald W. Reagan National Defense Authorization Act for FY 2005 (Public Law 108-375), enacted October 28, 2004. The Reserve Education Assistance Program (REAP) provides educational assistance to members of the National Guard and Reserves who serve on active duty in support of a contingency operation under federal authority on or after September 11, 2001.

46 Abolished in FY 1998, with functions transferred to the U.S. Department of State and the newly created Broadcasting Board of Governors.

47 Included in the Educational and Cultural Affairs program in FYs 1980 through 1983, and became an independent program in FY 1984.

48 Includes funding for D.C. College Tuition Assistance Grant (DC TAG), D.C. Adoption Scholarship Program, Robert C. Byrd Honors Scholarship Program, United States Senate Youth Program (USSYP), Advanced Placement Test Fee Program, the Early College Grant, and the College Access Challenge Grant.

49 Transferred from U.S. Department of Education to the Institute of Museum and Library Services in FY 1997.

50 Transferred to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security in FY 2003.

51 The disaster relief program repairs and replaces damaged and destroyed school buildings. This program was transferred from the Federal Emergency Management Agency to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security in FY 2003.

52 The National Service Trust Act of 1993 (Public Law 103-82) established the Corporation for National and Community Service. In 1993, ACTION became part of this agency.

53 The Federal Emergency Management Agency was created in 1979, representing a combination of five existing agencies. The funds for the Federal Emergency Management Agency in FY 1970 were in other agencies. This agency was transferred to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security in March 2003.

54 These programs include the Fall-Out Shelter Analysis, Blast Protection Design through FY 1992. Starting in FY 1993, earthquake training and safety for teachers and administrators for grades 1 through 12 are included.

55 Transferred from the General Services Administration to the National Archives and Records Administration in April 1985.

56 The Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2008 (Public Law 110-161) transferred the National Commission on Libraries and Information Science to the Institute of Museum and Library Services starting in FY 2008.

57 Includes federal obligations for research and development centers and R & D plant administered by colleges and universities. FY 2015 data are estimated, except the U.S Department of Education data, which are actual numbers.

58 FY 1970 includes outlays for the Research and Training program. FY 1980 includes outlays for the National Institute of Education program. FY 1990 through FY 2000 amounts are outlays for the Office of Educational Research and Improvement. Amounts for FY 2005 and later years are for the Institute of Education Sciences; these amounts are outlays for years prior to FY 2010 and appropriations for later years.

NOTE: To the extent possible, amounts reported do not represent obligations, but instead represent appropriations or (especially for earlier years) outlays. Negative amounts occur when program receipts exceed outlays. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Budget Service, unpublished tabulations. U.S. Office of Management and Budget, Budget of the U.S. Government, Appendix, fiscal years 1972 through 2016. National Science Foundation, Federal Funds for Research and Development, fiscal years 1970 through 2015. (This table was prepared May 2016.)