Table 311.80.

Number and percentage distribution of course enrollments in languages other than English at degree-granting postsecondary institutions, by language and enrollment level: Selected years, 2002 through 2013

Enrollment level and year	Total, all lan-guages	American Sign Language	Arabic	Chinese1	French	German	Greek, Ancient2	Hebrew3	Italian	Japanese	Korean	Latin	Portu-guese	Russian	Spanish	Other languages
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17
All levels
Number of enrollments
2002	1,395,807	60,781	10,584	34,333	201,985	91,100	20,376	22,774	63,899	52,238	5,211	29,841	8,385	23,921	745,215	25,164
2006	1,575,715	79,708	23,987	51,559	206,014	94,147	22,831	23,739	78,176	65,403	7,146	32,164	10,310	24,770	822,094	33,667
2009	1,673,543	92,072	34,908	61,797	215,244	95,628	20,040	22,656	80,322	72,359	8,449	32,444	11,273	26,753	861,008	38,590
2013	1,562,179	109,577	32,859	62,251	197,757	86,700	12,917	19,824	71,285	66,740	12,229	27,192	12,415	21,962	790,756	37,715
Percent change in       enrollments, 2009 to 2013	-6.7	19.0	-5.9	0.7	-8.1	-9.3	-35.5	-12.5	-11.3	-7.8	44.7	-16.2	10.1	-17.9	-8.2	-2.3
Percentage distribution of       enrollments
2002	100.0	4.4	0.8	2.5	14.5	6.5	1.5	1.6	4.6	3.7	0.4	2.1	0.6	1.7	53.4	1.8
2006	100.0	5.1	1.5	3.3	13.1	6.0	1.4	1.5	5.0	4.2	0.5	2.0	0.7	1.6	52.2	2.1
2009	100.0	5.5	2.1	3.7	12.9	5.7	1.2	1.4	4.8	4.3	0.5	1.9	0.7	1.6	51.4	2.3
2013	100.0	7.0	2.1	4.0	12.7	5.5	0.8	1.3	4.6	4.3	0.8	1.7	0.8	1.4	50.6	2.4
Undergraduate level
Number of enrollments
2002	1,359,145	60,660	10,053	33,394	197,385	88,301	14,343	17,245	62,860	51,308	5,100	28,796	7,898	23,151	735,265	23,386
2006	1,534,590	78,940	23,044	50,355	201,304	91,079	16,408	17,473	77,182	64,561	6,909	31,125	9,833	24,016	811,134	31,227
2009	1,636,016	91,237	34,131	60,632	211,077	93,162	15,401	17,053	79,567	71,696	8,097	31,397	10,839	26,149	849,540	36,038
2013	1,527,415	106,936	32,217	60,968	194,620	84,841	9,994	14,816	70,640	66,180	11,572	26,255	11,901	21,353	781,634	33,488
Introductory courses4	1,272,928	95,908	28,036	47,692	159,603	70,076	8,033	9,044	64,609	54,646	9,388	23,009	9,200	15,909	649,225	28,550
Advanced courses4	254,487	11,028	4,181	13,276	35,017	14,765	1,961	5,772	6,031	11,534	2,184	3,246	2,701	5,444	132,409	4,938
Percent change in       enrollments, 2009 to 2013	-6.6	17.2	-5.6	0.6	-7.8	-8.9	-35.1	-13.1	-11.2	-7.7	42.9	-16.4	9.8	-18.3	-8.0	-7.1
Percentage distribution of       enrollments
2002	100.0	4.5	0.7	2.5	14.5	6.5	1.1	1.3	4.6	3.8	0.4	2.1	0.6	1.7	54.1	1.7
2006	100.0	5.1	1.5	3.3	13.1	5.9	1.1	1.1	5.0	4.2	0.5	2.0	0.6	1.6	52.9	2.0
2009	100.0	5.6	2.1	3.7	12.9	5.7	0.9	1.0	4.9	4.4	0.5	1.9	0.7	1.6	51.9	2.2
2013	100.0	7.0	2.1	4.0	12.7	5.6	0.7	1.0	4.6	4.3	0.8	1.7	0.8	1.4	51.2	2.2
Graduate level
Number of enrollments
2002	36,662	121	531	939	4,600	2,799	6,033	5,529	1,039	930	111	1,045	487	770	9,950	1,778
2006	41,125	768	943	1,204	4,710	3,068	6,423	6,266	994	842	237	1,039	477	754	10,960	2,440
2009	37,527	835	777	1,165	4,167	2,466	4,639	5,603	755	663	352	1,047	434	604	11,468	2,552
2013	34,764	2,641	642	1,283	3,137	1,859	2,923	5,008	645	560	657	937	514	609	9,122	4,227
Percent change in       enrollments, 2009 to 2013	-7.4	216.3	-17.4	10.1	-24.7	-24.6	-37.0	-10.6	-14.6	-15.5	86.6	-10.5	18.4	0.8	-20.5	65.6
Percentage distribution of       enrollments
2002	100.0	0.3	1.4	2.6	12.5	7.6	16.5	15.1	2.8	2.5	0.3	2.9	1.3	2.1	27.1	4.8
2006	100.0	1.9	2.3	2.9	11.5	7.5	15.6	15.2	2.4	2.0	0.6	2.5	1.2	1.8	26.7	5.9
2009	100.0	2.2	2.1	3.1	11.1	6.6	12.4	14.9	2.0	1.8	0.9	2.8	1.2	1.6	30.6	6.8
2013	100.0	7.6	1.8	3.7	9.0	5.3	8.4	14.4	1.9	1.6	1.9	2.7	1.5	1.8	26.2	12.2

1 Includes Cantonese and Mandarin.

2 The apparent drop in Ancient Greek from 2006 to 2009 may be attributed to changes in reporting. Some premodern Greek language categories, such as Koine Greek and Old Testament Greek, were reported for the first time in 2009. In previous surveys, these languages may have been reported under the category Ancient Greek.

3 Includes Hebrew, Modern Hebrew, and Biblical Hebrew; other reported categories of Hebrew courses are excluded.

4 Introductory courses are first- and second-year courses. Advanced courses are third- and fourth-year courses.

NOTE: This table shows course enrollments, not the number of students studying a given language; a single student majoring in a language may be enrolled in more than one class in that language. Unless otherwise indicated, totals for specific languages do not include classical, religious, or regional dialects. Degree-granting institutions grant associate’s or higher degrees and participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs. Some data have been revised from previously published figures.

SOURCE: The Modern Language Association of America, MLA historical enrollment data, selected years, 2002 through 2013, retrieved April 4, 2016, from http://www.mla.org/about_search_flsurvey. (This table was prepared April 2016.)