Table 233.90.

Number of juvenile offenders in residential placement facilities, by selected juvenile and facility characteristics: Selected years, 1997 through 2013

Juvenile or facility characteristic	1997	1999	2001	2003	2006	2007	2010	2011	2013
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
Total	105,055	107,493	104,219	96,531	92,721	86,814	70,793	61,423	54,148
Juvenile characteristics
Sex
Male	90,771	92,985	89,115	81,975	78,998	75,017	61,359	53,079	46,421
Female	14,284	14,508	15,104	14,556	13,723	11,797	9,434	8,344	7,727
Race/ethnicity
White	39,445	40,911	41,324	37,307	32,490	29,534	22,947	19,927	17,563
Black	41,896	42,344	40,742	36,733	37,334	35,447	28,977	24,574	21,550
Hispanic	19,322	19,580	18,011	18,405	19,027	18,056	15,590	13,973	12,291
Asian	1,927	1,873	1,193	1,153	924	754	516	417	338
Pacific Islander	288	256	317	308	231	281	212	149	138
American Indian/Alaska Native	1,615	1,879	2,011	1,712	1,703	1,464	1,236	1,191	1,078
Other1	562	650	621	913	1,012	1,278	1,315	1,192	1,190
Race/ethnicity by sex
Male
White	32,425	34,071	34,245	30,766	26,578	24,579	19,273	16,659	14,579
Black	37,135	37,282	35,433	31,611	32,580	31,291	25,542	21,686	18,977
Hispanic	17,503	17,713	16,006	16,254	16,754	16,103	13,928	12,411	10,723
Asian	1,759	1,690	1,050	1,012	829	663	456	360	299
Pacific Islander	248	208	268	251	195	231	178	121	114
American Indian/Alaska Native	1,273	1,498	1,645	1,361	1,266	1,108	924	896	812
Other1	428	523	468	720	796	1,042	1,058	946	917
Female
White	7,020	6,840	7,079	6,541	5,912	4,955	3,674	3,268	2,984
Black	4,761	5,062	5,309	5,122	4,754	4,156	3,435	2,888	2,573
Hispanic	1,819	1,867	2,005	2,151	2,273	1,953	1,662	1,562	1,568
Asian	168	183	143	141	95	91	60	57	39
Pacific Islander	40	48	49	57	36	50	34	28	24
American Indian/Alaska Native	342	381	366	351	437	356	312	295	266
Other1	134	127	153	193	216	236	257	246	273
Age
12 or younger	2,178	3,914	1,844	1,662	1,206	979	693	764	706
13	4,648	6,445	4,429	4,079	3,419	2,844	2,079	1,999	1,957
14	11,578	13,010	10,470	9,871	9,113	7,621	5,955	5,276	4,717
15	21,237	20,924	19,519	18,335	17,552	15,565	12,604	10,589	9,473
16	28,201	26,144	26,945	24,786	24,606	23,091	19,540	16,473	14,108
17	24,564	23,627	24,948	23,963	23,716	23,193	19,990	17,447	15,100
18 to 20	12,649	13,429	16,064	13,835	13,109	13,521	9,932	8,875	8,087
Most serious offense2
Person offense	35,138	37,367	34,885	33,170	31,674	31,140	26,011	22,964	19,922
Property offense	31,907	31,432	29,341	26,813	23,152	21,076	17,037	14,705	12,768
Drug offense	9,071	9,645	9,076	7,988	7,985	7,095	4,986	4,315	3,533
Public order offense	10,287	10,848	10,806	9,949	10,015	11,000	8,139	7,317	6,085
Technical violation	12,410	13,909	15,413	14,102	15,280	13,093	11,604	9,883	9,316
Status offense	6,242	4,292	4,698	4,509	4,615	3,410	3,016	2,239	2,524
Facility characteristics
Facility size
1 to 10 residents	5,511	5,110	5,253	4,808	4,215	4,085	3,865	3,468	3,469
11 to 20 residents	7,443	7,214	7,445	6,935	7,044	7,320	6,304	6,337	5,782
21 to 50 residents	17,934	19,721	20,932	20,646	18,988	18,400	17,534	15,104	14,700
51 to 150 residents	29,789	33,045	32,211	31,232	31,417	30,505	25,605	22,947	19,669
151 to 200 residents	7,781	9,525	7,677	6,635	8,757	6,810	5,244	3,942	3,333
201 or more residents	36,597	32,878	30,701	26,275	22,300	19,694	12,241	9,625	7,195
Facility operation
State	46,516	47,347	43,669	37,335	34,658	31,539	24,881	20,783	17,532
Local	29,084	28,875	29,659	28,875	29,505	29,085	24,231	21,801	19,298
Private3	29,455	31,271	30,891	30,321	28,558	26,190	21,681	18,839	17,318
Facility self-classification4
Detention center	29,057	34,840	38,741	29,755	30,929	29,618	24,119	21,090	19,407
Shelter	2,880	2,717	2,700	1,375	1,134	982	1,052	1,313	1,103
Reception/diagnostic center	2,999	4,988	6,038	1,229	1,820	1,391	1,476	1,027	422
Group home	18,326	15,722	13,744	7,120	6,708	6,397	7,320	4,800	4,590
Boot camp	3,811	1,615	2,906	2,111	1,736	1,391	526	524	320
Ranch/wilderness camp	7,338	10,620	7,737	4,375	2,721	3,038	2,441	2,224	1,308
Residential treatment center5	—	—	—	18,522	20,355	18,289	15,565	13,783	12,416
Long-term secure facility	40,317	36,991	32,353	32,044	27,318	25,708	18,294	16,662	14,582

—Not available.

1 For 2006 and later years, includes the “Two or more races” category, which did not appear on earlier questionnaires. For 2003 and earlier years, includes an “Other” category. Respondents who selected “Other” were instructed to specify what this meant. Examination of these written-in responses, which account for less than 1 percent of the records, indicates that the majority refer to individuals of mixed racial/ethnic identity.

2 Delinquent/criminal offenses range from those committed against persons (e.g., assault) to technical violations, which include violations of probation, parole, or valid court orders. A "status" offense is illegal for underage persons, but not for adults (e.g., truancy or underage drinking).

3 Private facilities are operated by private nonprofit or for-profit corporations or organizations.

4 Although respondents may select more than one type for their facility, this table assigns each facility to a single primary type based on an analysis that applies a hierarchy rule. For 1997, the facility type data exclude 327 juveniles who were in facilities identified only as “Other.”

5 Prior to 2003, residential treatment centers were included in the "Group home" category.

NOTE: Data are from a biennial survey of all secure and nonsecure residential placement facilities that house juvenile offenders, defined as persons younger than 21 who are held in a residential setting as a result of some contact with the justice system (they are charged with or adjudicated for an offense). Data do not include adult prisons, jails, federal facilities, or facilities exclusively for drug or mental health treatment or for abused or neglected youth. The data provide 1-day population counts of juveniles in residential placement facilities; 1-day counts differ substantially from the annual admission and release data used to measure facility population flow. For definitions of specific terms, see http://www.ojjdp.gov/ojstatbb/ezacjrp/asp/glossary.asp.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, Census of Juveniles in Residential Placement (CJRP), retrieved September 25, 2015, from http://www.ojjdp.gov/ojstatbb/ezacjrp/. (This table was prepared October 2015.)