Table 220.60.

Fall 2010 kindergartners' reading, mathematics, science, and approaches to learning scale scores, by kindergarten entry status and time of assessment: Fall 2010, spring 2011, spring 2012, and spring 2013

[Standard errors appear in parentheses]
Type and time of assessment	Overall mean score1		Mean score by fall 2010 kindergarten entry status2
			Early kindergarten entrants		On-time kindergarten entrants		Delayed kindergarten entrants		Kindergarten repeaters
1	2		3		4		5		6
Reading scale score3
Kindergarten
Fall 2010	47.2	(0.26)	45.9	(1.39)	47.2	(0.28)	48.8	(0.67)	49.1	(0.79)
Spring 2011	61.6	(0.34)	58.5	(2.21)	61.9	(0.35)	63.1	(0.74)	60.4	(0.81)
First grade, spring 2012	84.3	(0.34)	80.9	(2.29)	84.9	(0.38)	86.2	(0.72)	79.2	(1.10)
Second grade, spring 2013	96.3	(0.24)	94.3	(1.48)	96.8	(0.27)	97.7	(0.60)	91.2	(1.13)
Mathematics scale score4
Kindergarten
Fall 2010	32.0	(0.28)	28.6	(1.32)	31.9	(0.30)	35.7	(0.76)	32.4	(0.70)
Spring 2011	45.4	(0.33)	42.0	(1.93)	45.6	(0.35)	48.6	(0.84)	44.6	(0.76)
First grade, spring 2012	67.1	(0.35)	62.3	(2.21)	67.4	(0.38)	71.2	(0.95)	63.5	(0.92)
Second grade, spring 2013	81.1	(0.29)	77.3	(2.18)	81.5	(0.31)	83.4	(0.67)	76.8	(1.12)
Science scale score5
Kindergarten, spring 2011	28.3	(0.20)	25.4	(0.98)	28.6	(0.20)	30.7	(0.42)	27.4	(0.53)
First grade, spring 2012	36.4	(0.25)	33.5	(1.25)	36.7	(0.26)	38.9	(0.43)	34.6	(0.70)
Second grade, spring 2013	43.4	(0.22)	41.7	(1.26)	43.7	(0.23)	45.0	(0.42)	41.3	(0.67)
Approaches to learning score6
Kindergarten
Fall 2010	3.0	(0.01)	3.0	(0.07)	3.0	(0.01)	3.0	(0.03)	2.9	(0.05)
Spring 2011	3.1	(0.01)	3.0	(0.08)	3.1	(0.01)	3.1	(0.03)	3.0	(0.05)
First grade, spring 2012	3.1	(0.01)	3.1	(0.12)	3.1	(0.01)	3.1	(0.04)	2.8	(0.05)
Second grade, spring 2013	3.1	(0.01)	3.1	(0.09)	3.1	(0.01)	3.1	(0.04)	2.8	(0.06)

1 Includes students with missing kindergarten entry status information.

2 A child who enrolled in kindergarten for the first time in 2010-11 is classified as an early, on-time, or delayed kindergarten entrant depending on whether the parent reported enrolling the child early, enrolling the child when he or she was old enough, or waiting until the child was older relative to school guidelines about when children can start school based on their birth date. A child is classified as a kindergarten repeater if the parent reported that 2010-11 was the child's second (or more) year of kindergarten.

3 Reflects performance on questions measuring basic skills (print familiarity, letter recognition, beginning and ending sounds, rhyming words, and word recognition); vocabulary knowledge; and reading comprehension, including identifying information specifically stated in text (e.g., definitions, facts, and supporting details), making complex inferences from texts, and considering the text objectively and judging its appropriateness and quality. Possible scores for the reading assessment range from 0 to 120.

4 Reflects performance on questions on number sense, properties, and operations; measurement; geometry and spatial sense; data analysis, statistics, and probability (measured with a set of simple questions assessing children's ability to read a graph); and prealgebra skills such as identification of patterns. Possible scores for the mathematics assessment range from 0 to 113.

5 Science was not assessed in the fall of kindergarten. Reflects performance on questions on physical sciences, life sciences, environmental sciences, and scientific inquiry. Possible scores for the science assessment range from 0 to 64.

6 The approaches to learning scale is based on teachers' reports on how students rate in seven areas: attentiveness, task persistence, eagerness to learn, learning independence, ability to adapt easily to changes in routine, organization, and ability to follow classroom rules. Possible scores on the scale range from 1 to 4, with higher scores indicating that a child exhibits positive learning behaviors more often.

NOTE: Estimates weighted by W6C6P_20. Estimates pertain to a sample of children who were enrolled in kindergarten in the 2010-11 school year. The same children were assessed in spring 2012 (when the majority were in first grade) and in spring 2013 (when the majority were in second grade). Estimates differ from previously published figures because reading, mathematics, and science scale scores were recalculated to represent the kindergarten through second-grade assessment item pools and because weights were adjusted to account for survey nonresponse at each data collection wave, including the latest round of data collection (spring 2013).

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 2010-11 (ECLS-K:2011), Kindergarten-Second Grade Restricted-Use Data File. (This table was prepared October 2015.)