Table 202.65.

Percentage distribution of first-time kindergartners, by primary type of child care arrangement during the year prior to kindergarten entry and selected child, family, and school characteristics: 2010-11

[Standard errors appear in parentheses]
Selected child, family, or school characteristic	Total, all children			No regular nonparental care			Primary type of nonparental care arrangement1
							Total, any regular nonparental care			Home-based care						Center-based care			Multiple arrangements
										Relative care			Nonrelative care
1	2			3			4			5			6			7			8
Total	100.0		(†)	20.9		(0.82)	79.1		(0.82)	14.9		(0.46)	6.3		(0.36)	55.3		(0.97)	2.5		(0.18)
Sex of child
Male	100.0		(†)	21.0		(0.91)	79.0		(0.91)	14.3		(0.51)	6.6		(0.38)	55.6		(1.01)	2.6		(0.23)
Female	100.0		(†)	20.8		(0.88)	79.2		(0.88)	15.6		(0.67)	6.0		(0.46)	55.1		(1.13)	2.4		(0.25)
Age of child at kindergarten entry, fall 2010
Less than 5 years old	100.0		(†)	19.5		(1.88)	80.5		(1.88)	14.4		(1.39)	4.3		(1.19)	59.3		(2.53)	2.5		(0.53)
5 years old to 5 1/2 years old	100.0		(†)	21.5		(0.92)	78.5		(0.92)	15.8		(0.64)	5.9		(0.39)	54.5		(1.09)	2.3		(0.21)
More than 5 1/2 years old to 6 years old	100.0		(†)	20.5		(0.89)	79.5		(0.89)	14.8		(0.62)	6.4		(0.45)	55.6		(1.05)	2.7		(0.26)
More than 6 years old	100.0		(†)	21.1		(1.56)	78.9		(1.56)	11.8		(1.15)	8.6		(1.15)	55.8		(2.26)	2.6		(0.63)
Race/ethnicity of child
White	100.0		(†)	18.1		(0.86)	81.9		(0.86)	12.9		(0.57)	8.5		(0.65)	57.8		(1.15)	2.7		(0.25)
Black	100.0		(†)	19.9		(1.93)	80.1		(1.93)	17.8		(1.29)	3.9		(0.59)	55.5		(2.06)	2.8		(0.47)
Hispanic	100.0		(†)	28.3		(1.28)	71.7		(1.28)	18.1		(0.70)	4.0		(0.43)	47.8		(1.41)	1.8		(0.21)
Asian	100.0		(†)	19.6		(2.37)	80.4		(2.37)	14.6		(1.43)	2.3		(0.57)	61.6		(3.25)	1.8		(0.52)
Pacific Islander	100.0		(†)	38.8		(6.02)	61.2		(6.02)	27.2		(7.27)	‡		(†)	27.6		(6.59)	‡		(†)
American Indian/Alaska Native	100.0		(†)	23.5		(3.93)	76.5		(3.93)	13.2	!	(4.58)	‡		(†)	56.7		(2.41)	‡		(†)
Two or more races	100.0		(†)	17.2		(2.03)	82.8		(2.03)	13.8		(1.53)	5.2		(0.97)	60.9		(2.51)	2.9	!	(0.93)
Parents' employment status, fall 20102
Two parents
Both employed full time	100.0		(†)	8.4		(0.67)	91.6		(0.67)	17.6		(0.89)	12.9		(1.12)	57.1		(1.35)	4.0		(0.47)
One employed full time, one part time	100.0		(†)	16.5		(1.19)	83.5		(1.19)	14.7		(0.85)	7.1		(0.75)	58.8		(1.40)	2.8		(0.38)
One employed full time, one looking for
work	100.0		(†)	23.6		(2.19)	76.4		(2.19)	16.2		(1.87)	4.6		(0.86)	52.9		(2.82)	2.8		(0.80)
One employed full time, one not in labor
force	100.0		(†)	33.7		(1.63)	66.3		(1.63)	4.7		(0.49)	1.6		(0.25)	58.9		(1.59)	1.0		(0.22)
Other combination	100.0		(†)	36.8		(1.48)	63.2		(1.48)	11.7		(1.29)	4.3		(0.90)	45.8		(1.92)	1.5		(0.43)
Single parent
Employed full time	100.0		(†)	9.5		(0.97)	90.5		(0.97)	29.0		(1.23)	7.9		(0.95)	49.4		(1.39)	4.2		(0.41)
Employed part time	100.0		(†)	16.3		(1.75)	83.7		(1.75)	26.6		(1.99)	5.0		(1.14)	49.4		(2.56)	2.7	!	(0.97)
Looking for work	100.0		(†)	23.0		(2.23)	77.0		(2.23)	17.9		(2.32)	2.8	!	(1.19)	54.7		(2.38)	1.5	!	(0.72)
Not in labor force	100.0		(†)	35.2		(2.53)	64.8		(2.53)	14.2		(1.70)	‡		(†)	48.1		(2.69)	‡		(†)
No parent in household	100.0		(†)	23.4		(2.65)	76.6		(2.65)	16.9		(3.28)	3.7	!	(1.29)	52.8		(4.15)	3.3	!	(1.45)
Parents' highest level of education3
Less than high school	100.0		(†)	37.7		(2.11)	62.3		(2.11)	15.8		(1.21)	3.1		(0.68)	42.5		(2.04)	0.9	!	(0.27)
High school completion	100.0		(†)	28.3		(1.22)	71.7		(1.22)	19.1		(0.96)	5.1		(0.40)	45.5		(1.25)	1.9		(0.33)
Some college/vocational	100.0		(†)	20.2		(0.90)	79.8		(0.90)	18.1		(0.81)	7.0		(0.54)	51.6		(1.30)	3.0		(0.35)
Bachelor's degree	100.0		(†)	14.7		(0.96)	85.3		(0.96)	10.9		(0.69)	6.5		(0.71)	64.8		(1.23)	3.1		(0.31)
Any graduate education	100.0		(†)	12.9		(1.14)	87.1		(1.14)	8.7		(0.70)	7.6		(0.67)	68.3		(1.38)	2.4		(0.33)
Household type, fall 2010
Two-parent household	100.0		(†)	21.5		(0.94)	78.5		(0.94)	12.4		(0.45)	6.9		(0.49)	56.7		(1.14)	2.5		(0.21)
Mother-only household	100.0		(†)	17.5		(0.87)	82.5		(0.87)	23.9		(0.90)	5.2		(0.58)	50.4		(1.08)	3.1		(0.32)
Father-only household	100.0		(†)	17.5		(2.96)	82.5		(2.96)	30.8		(3.51)	5.8		(1.69)	43.4		(3.66)	2.4	!	(1.16)
Other household type	100.0		(†)	23.4		(2.65)	76.6		(2.65)	16.9		(3.28)	3.7	!	(1.29)	52.8		(4.15)	3.3	!	(1.45)
Primary home language
English	100.0		(†)	18.4		(0.72)	81.6		(0.72)	14.9		(0.56)	7.0		(0.41)	57.1		(0.98)	2.7		(0.21)
Non-English	100.0		(†)	35.6		(2.10)	64.4		(2.10)	14.7		(0.95)	2.9		(0.48)	45.3		(1.84)	1.5		(0.25)
Primary language not identified	100.0		(†)	22.1		(4.09)	77.9		(4.09)	18.2		(3.74)	‡		(†)	54.2		(4.62)	‡		(†)
Poverty status4
Below poverty threshold	100.0		(†)	30.4		(1.46)	69.6		(1.46)	16.4		(0.90)	2.6		(0.36)	48.9		(1.46)	1.7		(0.30)
100 to 199 percent of poverty threshold	100.0		(†)	24.9		(1.20)	75.1		(1.20)	16.5		(0.90)	5.0		(0.49)	51.8		(1.40)	1.7		(0.25)
200 percent or more of poverty threshold	100.0		(†)	13.5		(0.69)	86.5		(0.69)	12.3		(0.64)	8.7		(0.58)	62.3		(1.12)	3.2		(0.29)
Socioeconomic status5
Lowest 20 percent	100.0		(†)	35.2		(1.52)	64.8		(1.52)	15.6		(0.75)	3.4		(0.44)	44.3		(1.28)	1.6		(0.27)
Middle 60 percent	100.0		(†)	19.6		(0.71)	80.4		(0.71)	16.9		(0.54)	6.9		(0.45)	53.9		(1.09)	2.7		(0.23)
Highest 20 percent	100.0		(†)	12.3		(1.13)	87.7		(1.13)	8.7		(0.67)	7.1		(0.56)	69.1		(1.29)	2.7		(0.29)
School type
Public	100.0		(†)	21.8		(0.80)	78.2		(0.80)	15.8		(0.51)	6.2		(0.35)	53.7		(0.98)	2.5		(0.20)
Private	100.0		(†)	14.5		(1.98)	85.5		(1.98)	8.3		(0.78)	7.0		(0.88)	67.9		(1.69)	2.3		(0.32)

†Not applicable.

!Interpret data with caution. The coefficient of variation (CV) for this estimate is between 30 and 50 percent.

‡Reporting standards not met. Either there are too few cases for a reliable estimate or the coefficient of variation (CV) is 50 percent or greater.

1 The type of nonparental care in which the child spent the most hours. "Multiple arrangements" refers to children who spent an equal amount of time in each of two or more types of arrangements.

2 Parents who reported working at least 35 hours per week are defined as employed full time, while those who reported working less than 35 hours per week are defined as employed part time. Those neither employed nor looking for work are not in the labor force.

3 Parents’ highest level of education is the highest level of education achieved by either of the parents or guardians in a two-parent household, by the only parent in a single-parent household, or by any guardian in a household with no parents.

4 Poverty status is based on preliminary U.S. Census income thresholds for 2010, which identify incomes determined to meet household needs, given family size and composition. For example, a family of three with one child was below the poverty threshold if its annual income was less than $17,552 in 2010.

5 Socioeconomic status (SES) was measured by a composite score based on parental education and occupations and household income at the time of data collection.

NOTE: Estimates weighted by W1_2P0. Estimates pertain to a sample of children who were enrolled in kindergarten for the first time in the 2010-11 school year. Two parents may refer to two biological parents, two adoptive parents, or one biological/adoptive parent and one other parent/partner. Single parent refers to one biological or adoptive parent only. In households without parents, the guardian or guardians may be related or unrelated to the child. Race categories exclude persons of Hispanic ethnicity. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding and survey item nonresponse. Some data have been revised from previously published figures.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 2010-11 (ECLS-K:2011), Kindergarten–First Grade Restricted-Use Data File. (This table was prepared November 2014.)