Table 210.

Total expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by function and subfunction: Selected years, 1990-91 through 2009-10

Function and subfunction	Expenditures (in thousands of current dollars)									Percentage distribution of  current expenditures for public schools
	1990-91		1995-96	1999-2000	2000-01	2005-06	2007-08	2008-091	2009-10	1990-91	1995-96	1999-2000	2000-01	2005-06	2007-08	2008-091	2009-10
1	2		3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17
Total expenditures	$229,429,715		$293,646,490	$381,838,155	$410,811,185	$528,268,772	$597,313,726	$610,326,007	$607,235,611	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Current expenditures for
public schools	202,037,752		255,106,683	323,888,508	348,360,841	449,131,342	506,884,219	518,922,842	525,497,898	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
Salaries	132,730,931	2	165,806,160	210,158,874	224,305,806	273,142,308	304,021,671	312,552,150	314,014,404	65.70	64.99	64.89	64.39	60.82	59.98	60.23	59.76
Employee benefits	33,954,456	2	44,786,697	53,333,592	57,976,490	87,888,909	103,012,045	105,667,462	109,286,516	16.81	17.56	16.47	16.64	19.57	20.32	20.36	20.80
Purchased services	16,380,643	2	21,579,562	29,051,785	31,778,754	43,195,665	49,206,425	50,715,562	51,923,510	8.11	8.46	8.97	9.12	9.62	9.71	9.77	9.88
Tuition	1,192,505	2	1,590,468	2,231,250	2,458,366	3,828,079	4,574,030	4,492,060	4,749,301	0.59	0.62	0.69	0.71	0.85	0.90	0.87	0.90
Supplies	14,805,956	2	18,756,157	25,896,917	28,262,078	36,637,037	41,362,823	40,629,203	40,347,354	7.33	7.35	8.00	8.11	8.16	8.16	7.83	7.68
Other	2,973,261	2	2,587,639	3,216,089	3,579,347	4,439,345	4,707,226	4,866,404	5,176,812	1.47	1.01	0.99	1.03	0.99	0.93	0.94	0.99
Instruction	122,223,362		157,473,978	199,968,138	214,333,003	273,760,798	308,238,664	316,075,710	321,929,831	60.50	61.73	61.74	61.53	60.95	60.81	60.91	61.26
Salaries	90,742,284		114,580,985	145,071,564	154,512,089	186,905,065	206,688,984	212,963,123	214,445,260	44.91	44.91	44.79	44.35	41.61	40.78	41.04	40.81
Employee benefits	22,347,524		30,299,566	36,197,167	39,522,678	59,032,817	69,275,522	71,029,220	73,729,412	11.06	11.88	11.18	11.35	13.14	13.67	13.69	14.03
Purchased services	2,722,639		3,825,111	5,839,673	6,430,708	10,083,561	12,246,282	12,782,555	13,818,576	1.35	1.50	1.80	1.85	2.25	2.42	2.46	2.63
Tuition	1,192,505		1,590,468	2,231,250	2,458,366	3,828,079	4,574,030	4,492,060	4,749,301	0.59	0.62	0.69	0.71	0.85	0.90	0.87	0.90
Supplies	4,584,754		6,513,488	9,751,743	10,377,554	12,731,138	14,145,041	13,421,846	13,746,138	2.27	2.55	3.01	2.98	2.83	2.79	2.59	2.62
Textbooks	—		—	—	—	2,537,332	2,720,526	2,934,200	2,555,426	—	—	—	—	0.56	0.54	0.57	0.49
Other	633,656		664,360	876,741	1,031,608	1,180,138	1,308,805	1,386,906	1,441,143	0.31	0.26	0.27	0.30	0.26	0.26	0.27	0.27
Student support3	8,926,010		12,266,136	16,046,845	17,292,756	23,336,224	27,492,686	28,533,413	29,202,534	4.42	4.81	4.95	4.96	5.20	5.42	5.50	5.56
Salaries	6,565,965		8,885,707	11,496,451	12,354,464	15,833,312	18,327,236	19,109,617	19,394,301	3.25	3.48	3.55	3.55	3.53	3.62	3.68	3.69
Employee benefits	1,660,082		2,307,480	2,841,949	3,036,037	4,859,310	5,914,825	6,145,103	6,406,818	0.82	0.90	0.88	0.87	1.08	1.17	1.18	1.22
Purchased services	455,996		687,300	1,180,701	1,328,600	1,958,934	2,382,679	2,414,847	2,492,364	0.23	0.27	0.36	0.38	0.44	0.47	0.47	0.47
Supplies	191,482		247,262	389,044	421,838	497,201	537,295	525,459	544,663	0.09	0.10	0.12	0.12	0.11	0.11	0.10	0.10
Other	52,485		138,387	138,699	151,817	187,468	330,652	338,387	364,388	0.03	0.05	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.07	0.07	0.07
Instructional staff
services4	8,467,142		10,070,241	14,640,411	15,926,856	21,923,223	25,364,532	25,018,199	25,163,007	4.19	3.95	4.52	4.57	4.88	5.00	4.82	4.79
Salaries	5,560,129		6,418,530	8,971,366	9,790,767	13,005,332	15,212,248	14,962,194	14,832,301	2.75	2.52	2.77	2.81	2.90	3.00	2.88	2.82
Employee benefits	1,408,217		1,719,377	2,169,051	2,356,440	3,898,171	4,686,748	4,746,650	4,882,421	0.70	0.67	0.67	0.68	0.87	0.92	0.91	0.93
Purchased services	622,487		925,403	1,776,849	2,003,598	2,944,703	3,300,159	3,256,725	3,391,019	0.31	0.36	0.55	0.58	0.66	0.65	0.63	0.65
Supplies	776,863		918,189	1,485,730	1,566,954	1,867,878	1,957,097	1,834,852	1,831,059	0.38	0.36	0.46	0.45	0.42	0.39	0.35	0.35
Other	99,445		88,743	237,415	209,097	207,139	208,280	217,778	226,208	0.05	0.03	0.07	0.06	0.05	0.04	0.04	0.04
General administration	5,791,253		5,878,493	6,698,006	7,108,291	8,920,041	9,866,659	10,202,846	10,420,229	2.87	2.30	2.07	2.04	1.99	1.95	1.97	1.98
Salaries	2,603,562		2,901,172	3,179,759	3,351,554	3,860,883	4,294,513	4,420,788	4,454,108	1.29	1.14	0.98	0.96	0.86	0.85	0.85	0.85
Employee benefits	777,381		828,483	938,113	1,000,698	1,479,556	1,682,009	1,747,378	1,800,791	0.38	0.32	0.29	0.29	0.33	0.33	0.34	0.34
Purchased services	1,482,427		1,626,178	1,941,822	2,099,032	2,735,714	2,975,038	3,174,832	3,144,037	0.73	0.64	0.60	0.60	0.61	0.59	0.61	0.60
Supplies	172,898		185,831	196,205	206,137	225,230	241,979	230,822	232,846	0.09	0.07	0.06	0.06	0.05	0.05	0.04	0.04
Other	754,985		336,828	442,107	450,870	618,657	673,120	629,025	788,446	0.37	0.13	0.14	0.13	0.14	0.13	0.12	0.15
School administration	11,695,344		14,831,159	18,381,292	19,580,890	25,277,042	28,336,682	28,608,480	28,564,386	5.79	5.81	5.68	5.62	5.63	5.59	5.51	5.44
Salaries	8,935,903		11,156,460	13,923,730	14,817,213	18,181,910	20,180,936	20,521,736	20,340,087	4.42	4.37	4.30	4.25	4.05	3.98	3.95	3.87
Employee benefits	2,257,783		2,963,991	3,455,390	3,689,689	5,622,342	6,554,820	6,600,069	6,742,986	1.12	1.16	1.07	1.06	1.25	1.29	1.27	1.28
Purchased services	247,750		384,908	573,003	611,638	862,664	973,499	934,243	933,440	0.12	0.15	0.18	0.18	0.19	0.19	0.18	0.18
Supplies	189,711		256,857	337,651	369,257	474,816	484,491	430,083	421,141	0.09	0.10	0.10	0.11	0.11	0.10	0.08	0.08
Other	64,197		68,943	91,519	93,093	135,311	142,936	122,349	126,732	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.02	0.02
Operation and maintenance	21,290,655		25,724,062	31,190,295	34,034,158	44,313,835	49,362,661	50,559,027	49,931,515	10.54	10.08	9.63	9.77	9.87	9.74	9.74	9.50
Salaries	8,849,559		10,454,854	12,745,457	13,461,242	16,021,701	17,656,583	18,045,474	17,940,246	4.38	4.10	3.94	3.86	3.57	3.48	3.48	3.41
Employee benefits	2,633,075		3,129,632	3,531,423	3,778,520	5,840,665	6,701,757	6,881,875	7,037,714	1.30	1.23	1.09	1.08	1.30	1.32	1.33	1.34
Purchased services	5,721,125		7,698,704	8,866,099	9,642,217	11,913,734	13,051,419	13,150,025	13,043,801	2.83	3.02	2.74	2.77	2.65	2.57	2.53	2.48
Supplies	3,761,738		4,214,201	5,801,242	6,871,845	10,147,971	11,508,237	12,043,690	11,460,870	1.86	1.65	1.79	1.97	2.26	2.27	2.32	2.18
Other	325,157		226,670	246,075	280,334	389,764	444,665	437,964	448,883	0.16	0.09	0.08	0.08	0.09	0.09	0.08	0.09
Student transportation	8,678,954		10,396,426	13,007,625	14,052,654	18,850,234	21,536,978	21,679,876	21,841,557	4.30	4.08	4.02	4.03	4.20	4.25	4.18	4.16
Salaries	3,285,127		3,933,969	5,061,209	5,406,092	6,701,455	7,507,100	7,591,289	7,632,931	1.63	1.54	1.56	1.55	1.49	1.48	1.46	1.45
Employee benefits	892,985		1,207,961	1,464,249	1,592,127	2,535,296	2,867,686	2,933,989	3,048,617	0.44	0.47	0.45	0.46	0.56	0.57	0.57	0.58
Purchased services	3,345,232		4,257,805	5,331,435	5,767,462	7,547,730	8,556,631	9,001,837	9,002,419	1.66	1.67	1.65	1.66	1.68	1.69	1.73	1.71
Supplies	961,447		836,450	1,034,323	1,159,350	1,867,495	2,427,117	1,983,454	1,967,693	0.48	0.33	0.32	0.33	0.42	0.48	0.38	0.37
Other	194,163		160,239	116,410	127,623	198,259	178,444	169,307	189,896	0.10	0.06	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.03	0.04
Other support services5	5,587,837		7,039,408	10,188,917	11,439,134	14,463,815	16,310,815	17,187,109	17,201,154	2.77	2.76	3.15	3.28	3.22	3.22	3.31	3.27
Salaries	2,900,394		3,450,836	4,930,099	5,521,381	6,577,129	7,517,159	8,091,102	8,153,103	1.44	1.35	1.52	1.58	1.46	1.48	1.56	1.55
Employee benefits	980,859		1,182,229	1,433,054	1,594,540	2,483,366	2,982,979	3,148,252	3,134,760	0.49	0.46	0.44	0.46	0.55	0.59	0.61	0.60
Purchased services	798,922		1,362,961	2,462,775	2,783,176	3,455,292	3,778,311	3,928,346	3,913,478	0.40	0.53	0.76	0.80	0.77	0.75	0.76	0.74
Supplies	294,527		398,534	573,670	626,889	793,997	988,542	884,381	851,956	0.15	0.16	0.18	0.18	0.18	0.20	0.17	0.16
Other	613,135		644,849	789,319	913,148	1,154,031	1,043,824	1,135,027	1,147,857	0.30	0.25	0.24	0.26	0.26	0.21	0.22	0.22
Food services	8,430,490		10,648,844	12,948,807	13,816,635	17,263,582	19,190,249	19,794,945	19,986,503	4.17	4.17	4.00	3.97	3.84	3.79	3.81	3.80
Salaries	—		3,844,285	4,606,262	4,966,092	5,841,522	6,332,680	6,505,821	6,484,927	†	1.51	1.42	1.43	1.30	1.25	1.25	1.23
Employee benefits	—		1,103,433	1,267,921	1,381,923	2,061,344	2,264,203	2,343,119	2,411,864	†	0.43	0.39	0.40	0.46	0.45	0.45	0.46
Purchased services	—		627,902	897,762	923,091	1,464,511	1,699,764	1,815,966	1,926,805	†	0.25	0.28	0.26	0.33	0.34	0.35	0.37
Supplies	—		4,916,299	6,041,001	6,420,201	7,727,182	8,727,170	8,908,841	8,929,335	†	1.93	1.87	1.84	1.72	1.72	1.72	1.70
Other	—		156,924	135,861	125,327	169,023	166,431	221,198	233,573	†	0.06	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.03	0.04	0.04
Enterprise operations6	946,705		777,937	818,172	776,463	1,022,549	1,184,293	1,263,238	1,257,180	0.47	0.30	0.25	0.22	0.23	0.23	0.24	0.24
Salaries	—		179,360	172,977	124,913	213,999	304,233	341,007	337,140	†	0.07	0.05	0.04	0.05	0.06	0.07	0.06
Employee benefits	—		44,545	35,276	23,837	76,042	81,496	91,807	91,133	†	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
Purchased services	—		183,288	181,666	189,230	228,823	242,643	256,186	257,570	†	0.07	0.06	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05
Supplies	—		269,046	286,309	242,052	304,129	345,854	365,775	361,651	†	0.11	0.09	0.07	0.07	0.07	0.07	0.07
Other	—		101,697	141,943	196,430	199,556	210,068	208,463	209,686	†	0.04	0.04	0.06	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04
Other current expenditures	3,295,717		4,724,659	5,457,015	6,063,700	7,415,575	8,307,720	8,463,793	8,407,708	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Community services	964,370		1,728,669	2,151,043	2,426,189	3,015,207	3,289,736	3,364,620	3,400,571	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Private school programs	527,609		781,148	961,203	1,026,695	1,389,204	1,564,201	1,541,922	1,496,951	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Adult education	1,365,523		1,500,438	1,715,332	1,838,265	2,001,459	2,148,351	2,187,628	2,060,415	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Community colleges	5,356		7,746	265	351	0	32,694	33,303	33,274	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Other	432,858		706,657	629,172	772,200	1,009,704	1,272,738	1,336,321	1,416,496	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Capital outlay7	19,771,478		27,555,667	43,357,186	46,220,704	57,375,299	66,426,299	65,890,367	55,650,868	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Public schools	19,655,496		27,457,489	43,231,206	46,078,494	57,281,425	66,331,738	65,799,088	55,555,619	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Other current expenditures	115,982		98,179	125,980	142,210	93,874	94,561	91,279	95,249	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Interest on school debt	4,324,768		6,259,480	9,135,445	10,165,940	14,346,556	15,695,488	17,049,004	17,679,138	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†

—Not available.

†Not applicable.

1 Data have been revised from previously published figures.

2 Includes estimated data for subfunctions of food services and enterprise operations.

3 Includes expenditures for guidance, health, attendance, and speech pathology services.

4 Includes expenditures for curriculum development, staff training, libraries, and media and computer centers.

5 Includes business support services concerned with paying, transporting, exchanging, and maintaining goods and services for local education agencies; central support services, including planning, research, evaluation, information, staff, and data processing services; and other support services.

6 Includes expenditures for operations funded by sales of products or services (e.g., school bookstore or computer time). Includes very small amounts for direct program support made by state education agencies for local school districts.

7 Includes expenditures for property and for buildings and alterations completed by school district staff or contractors.

NOTE: Excludes expenditures for state education agencies. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), "National Public Education Financial Survey," 1990-91 through 2009-10. (This table was prepared January 2013.)