Table 197.

Historical summary of faculty, enrollment, degrees, and finances in degree-granting institutions: Selected years, 1869-70 through 2009-10

Selected characteristic	1869-70		1879-80		1889-90		1899-1900		1909-10		1919-20		1929-30		1939-40		1949-50		1959-60		1969-70		1979-80		1989-90		1999-2000		2005-06		2008-09		2009-10
1	2		3		4		5		6		7		8		9		10		11		12		13		14		15		16		17		18
Total institutions1	563		811		998		977		951		1,041		1,409		1,708		1,851		2,004		2,525		3,152		3,535		4,084		4,276		4,409		4,495
Total faculty2	5,553	3	11,522	3	15,809		23,868		36,480		48,615		82,386		146,929		246,722		380,554		450,000	4	675,000	4	824,220	5	1,027,830	5	1,290,426	5	—		1,439,144	5
Males	4,887	3	7,328	3	12,704	3	19,151		29,132		35,807		60,017		106,328		186,189		296,773		346,000	4	479,000	4	534,254	5	602,469	5	714,453	5	—		761,035	5
Females	666	3	4,194	3	3,105	3	4,717		7,348		12,808		22,369		40,601		60,533		83,781		104,000	4	196,000	4	289,966	5	425,361	5	575,973	5	—		678,109	5
Total fall enrollment6	52,286		115,817		156,756		237,592		355,213		597,880		1,100,737		1,494,203		2,444,900		3,639,847		8,004,660		11,569,899		13,538,560		14,849,691		17,487,475		19,102,814		20,427,711
Males	41,160	3	77,972	3	100,453	3	152,254		214,648	3	314,938		619,935		893,250		1,721,572		2,332,617		4,746,201		5,682,877		6,190,015		6,515,164		7,455,925		8,188,895		8,769,504
Females	11,126	3	37,845	3	56,303	3	85,338		140,565	3	282,942		480,802		600,953		723,328		1,307,230		3,258,459		5,887,022		7,348,545		8,334,527		10,031,550		10,913,919		11,658,207
Degrees conferred
Associate's, total	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		206,023		400,910		455,102		564,933		713,066		787,325		849,452
Males	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		117,432		183,737		191,195		224,721		270,095		298,141		322,916
Females	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		88,591		217,173		263,907		340,212		442,971		489,184		526,536
Bachelor's, total7	9,371		12,896		15,539		27,410		37,199		48,622		122,484		186,500		432,058		392,440		792,316		929,417		1,051,344		1,237,875		1,485,242		1,601,368		1,650,014
Males	7,993		10,411		12,857		22,173		28,762		31,980		73,615		109,546		328,841		254,063		451,097		473,611		491,696		530,367		630,600		685,382		706,633
Females	1,378		2,485		2,682		5,237		8,437		16,642		48,869		76,954		103,217		138,377		341,219		455,806		559,648		707,508		854,642		915,986		943,381
Master's, total8	0		879		1,015		1,583		2,113		4,279		14,969		26,731		58,183		74,435		213,589		305,196		330,152		463,185		599,731		662,079		693,025
Males	0		868		821		1,280		1,555		2,985		8,925		16,508		41,220		50,898		130,799		156,882		158,052		196,129		241,656		263,538		275,197
Females	0		11		194		303		558		1,294		6,044		10,223		16,963		23,537		82,790		148,314		172,100		267,056		358,075		398,541		417,828
Doctor's, total9	1		54		149		382		443		615		2,299		3,290		6,420		9,829		59,486		95,631		103,508		118,736		138,056		154,425		158,558
Males	1		51		147		359		399		522		1,946		2,861		5,804		8,801		53,792		69,526		63,963		64,930		68,912		75,639		76,605
Females	0		3		2		23		44		93		353		429		616		1,028		5,694		26,105		39,545		53,806		69,144		78,786		81,953
	In thousands of current dollars
Finances
Current-fund revenue	—		—		—		—		$76,883		$199,922		$554,511		$715,211		$2,374,645		$5,785,537		$21,515,242		$58,519,982		$139,635,477		—		—		—		—
Educational and general    income	—		—		$21,464		$35,084		67,917		172,929		483,065		571,288		1,833,845		4,688,352		16,486,177		—		—		—		—		—		—
Current-fund expenditures	—		—		—		—		—		—		507,142		674,688		2,245,661		5,601,376		21,043,113		56,913,588		134,655,571		—		—		—		—
Educational and general    expenditures	—		—		—		—		—		—		377,903		521,990		1,706,444		4,685,258		16,845,212		44,542,843		105,585,076		—		—		—		—
Value of physical property	—		—		95,426		253,599		457,594		747,333		2,065,049		2,753,780	10	4,799,964		13,548,548		42,093,580		83,733,387		164,635,000		—		—		—		—
Market value of endowment    funds	—		—		78,788	11	194,998	11	323,661	11	569,071	11	1,372,068	11	1,686,283	11	2,601,223	11	5,322,080	11	11,206,632		20,743,045		67,978,726		—		$336,908,009		$325,565,998		$355,790,614

—Not available.

1 Prior to 1979-80, excludes branch campuses.

2 Total number of different individuals (not reduced to full-time equivalent). Beginning in 1959-60, data are for the first term of the academic year.

3 Estimated.

4 Estimated number of senior instructional staff based on actual enrollment data for the designated year and enrollment/staff ratios for the prior staff survey. Excludes graduate assistants.

5 Because of revised survey procedures, data may not be directly comparable with figures prior to 1989-90. Estimated number of senior instructional staff based on actual enrollment data for the designated year and enrollment/staff ratios for the prior staff survey. Excludes graduate assistants.

6 Data for 1869-70 to 1939-40 are for resident degree-credit students who enrolled at any time during the academic year.

7 From 1869-70 to 1959-60, bachelor's degrees include degrees formerly classified as first-professional, such as M.D., D.D.S., and law degrees.

8 Figures for years prior to 1969-70 are not precisely comparable with later data.

9 Includes Ph.D., Ed.D., and comparable degrees at the doctoral level. Includes most degrees formerly classified as first-professional, such as M.D., D.D.S., and law degrees.

10 Includes unexpended plant funds.

11 Book value. Includes other nonexpendable funds.

NOTE: Data through 1989-90 are for institutions of higher education, while later data are for degree-granting institutions. Degree-granting institutions grant associate’s or higher degrees and participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs. The degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, but it includes more 2-year colleges and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not grant degrees. (See Appendix A: Guide to Sources for details.) Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Biennial Survey of Education in the United States; Education Directory, Colleges and Universities; Faculty and Other Professional Staff in Institutions of Higher Education; Fall Enrollment in Colleges and Universities; Earned Degrees Conferred; Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education; Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), "Fall Enrollment in Institutions of Higher Education," "Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred," and "Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education" surveys; Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), "Fall Enrollment Survey" (IPEDS-EF:89-99), "Fall Staff Survey" (IPEDS-S:89-99), "Finance Survey" (IPEDS-F:FY90-00), "Completions Survey" (IPEDS-C:90-00), and "Institutional Characteristics Survey" (IPEDS-IC:89-99); IPEDS Winter 2005-06 and Winter 2009-10, Human Resources component, Fall Staff section; IPEDS Spring 2006, Spring 2009, and Spring 2010, Enrollment component; and IPEDS Fall 2006, Fall 2009, and Fall 2010, Completions component. (This table was prepared November 2011.)