Table 171.

Percentage of students suspended and expelled from public elementary and secondary schools, by sex, race/ethnicity, and state: 2006

State	Percent suspended1																	Percent expelled2
	Total		Sex				Race/ethnicity											Total			Sex						Race/ethnicity
			Male		Female		White		Black		Hispanic		Asian/ Pacific Islander		American Indian/Alaska Native						Male			Female			White			Black			Hispanic			Asian/Pacific Islander			American Indian/Alaska Native
1	2		3		4		5		6		7		8		9			10			11			12			13			14			15			16			17
United States	6.9	(0.04)	9.1	(0.06)	4.5	(0.03)	4.8	(0.04)	15.0	(0.14)	6.8	(0.07)	2.7	(0.04)	7.9		(0.49)	0.21		(0.003)	0.31		(0.004)	0.11		(0.002)	0.14		(0.002)	0.47		(0.011)	0.22		(0.004)	0.07		(0.002)	0.26		(0.013)
Alabama	10.1	(0.11)	13.3	(0.15)	6.8	(#)	5.8	(0.10)	18.3	(0.32)	4.3	(0.10)	3.2	(0.14)	4.8		(0.49)	0.18		(0.003)	0.24		(0.006)	0.11		(0.002)	0.09		(0.002)	0.33		(0.009)	0.16		(0.003)	#		(†)	0.01		(0.001)
Alaska	5.9	(0.35)	8.0	(0.47)	3.6	(0.21)	4.6	(0.13)	10.0	(0.10)	5.9	(0.29)	4.6	(0.50)	8.2		(1.18)	0.13		(0.005)	0.20		(0.007)	0.07		(0.006)	0.13		(0.004)	0.45		(0.003)	0.16		(0.006)	0.13		(0.011)	0.10		(0.009)
Arizona	5.9	(0.14)	8.4	(0.19)	3.3	(0.09)	4.5	(0.10)	11.8	(0.27)	6.4	(0.14)	2.6	(0.05)	10.0		(2.19)	0.07		(0.004)	0.11		(0.008)	0.03		(0.001)	0.06		(0.008)	0.12		(0.006)	0.08		(0.004)	0.03		(#)	0.08		(0.015)
Arkansas	7.3	(0.30)	10.2	(0.43)	4.3	(0.17)	5.0	(0.28)	15.9	(0.96)	4.9	(0.48)	3.5	(0.35)	4.7		(0.63)	0.10		(0.009)	0.15		(0.012)	0.06		(0.008)	0.10		(0.010)	0.14		(0.016)	0.09	!	(0.025)	0.07	!	(0.031)	0.03		(0.002)
California	7.5	(0.18)	10.5	(0.25)	4.4	(0.12)	6.0	(0.18)	17.1	(0.82)	7.9	(0.22)	3.3	(0.13)	12.2		(2.33)	0.31		(0.010)	0.48		(0.015)	0.13		(0.005)	0.28		(0.013)	0.61		(0.030)	0.32		(0.013)	0.11		(0.006)	0.46		(0.068)
Colorado	6.0	(0.09)	8.3	(0.13)	3.7	(0.06)	4.5	(0.09)	13.2	(0.05)	8.1	(0.14)	3.2	(0.03)	8.7		(0.89)	0.28		(0.008)	0.43		(0.012)	0.12		(0.007)	0.20		(0.007)	0.56		(0.005)	0.40		(0.022)	0.12		(0.003)	0.60		(0.138)
Connecticut	6.8	(0.52)	8.9	(0.65)	4.7	(0.39)	4.0	(0.37)	17.2	(2.39)	11.4	(1.39)	2.4	(0.22)	5.2		(0.95)	0.25		(0.026)	0.36		(0.034)	0.14		(0.022)	0.13		(0.016)	0.66		(0.126)	0.45		(0.079)	0.10		(0.017)	0.15	!	(0.069)
Delaware3	10.9	(†)	13.8	(†)	7.9	(†)	6.4	(†)	20.1	(†)	9.2	(†)	3.3	(†)	5.5		(†)	0.20		(†)	0.30		(†)	0.10		(†)	0.17		(†)	0.32		(†)	0.06		(†)	0.06		(†)	0.00		(†)
District of Columbia3	0.4	(†)	0.4	(†)	0.3	(†)	0.2	(†)	0.4	(†)	0.2	(†)	0.0	(†)	0.0		(†)	0.22		(†)	0.25		(†)	0.20		(†)	0.03		(†)	0.25		(†)	0.17		(†)	0.10		(†)	0.00		(†)
Florida	10.5	(0.14)	13.4	(0.17)	7.3	(0.11)	7.9	(0.16)	19.3	(0.34)	7.7	(0.08)	2.9	(0.03)	7.2		(0.59)	0.04		(0.003)	0.06		(0.004)	0.02		(0.001)	0.04		(0.003)	0.06		(0.005)	0.02		(0.001)	0.01		(#)	0.06		(0.012)
Georgia	8.8	(0.23)	11.4	(0.29)	6.1	(0.16)	4.8	(0.21)	15.0	(0.36)	5.4	(0.27)	2.1	(0.07)	3.7		(0.21)	0.23		(0.011)	0.33		(0.017)	0.12		(0.006)	0.18		(0.013)	0.32		(0.015)	0.11		(0.011)	0.04		(0.005)	0.08	!	(0.035)
Hawaii3	5.5	(†)	7.2	(†)	3.6	(†)	4.9	(†)	7.0	(†)	5.7	(†)	5.5	(†)	6.0		(†)	0.00		(†)	0.00		(†)	0.00		(†)	0.00		(†)	0.00		(†)	0.00		(†)	0.00		(†)	0.00		(†)
Idaho	3.6	(0.18)	5.3	(0.26)	1.7	(0.10)	3.3	(0.19)	3.5	(0.21)	5.1	(0.29)	1.6	(0.07)	8.6	!	(2.90)	0.09		(0.005)	0.14		(0.008)	0.03		(0.004)	0.07		(0.005)	#		(†)	0.20		(0.018)	#		(†)	0.37		(0.111)
Illinois	6.4	(0.15)	8.4	(0.20)	4.4	(0.10)	3.8	(0.17)	14.5	(0.53)	6.0	(0.19)	1.7	(0.08)	2.9		(0.41)	0.14		(0.007)	0.20		(0.008)	0.07		(0.006)	0.08		(0.011)	0.32		(0.011)	0.11		(0.004)	0.03		(0.005)	0.07		(0.008)
Indiana	7.4	(0.28)	9.9	(0.37)	4.7	(0.20)	6.0	(0.27)	17.3	(1.18)	7.4	(0.87)	1.8	(0.24)	6.1		(0.70)	0.63		(0.039)	0.85		(0.053)	0.40		(0.028)	0.54		(0.039)	1.24		(0.111)	0.70		(0.077)	0.19		(0.038)	0.60	!	(0.168)
Iowa	3.0	(0.11)	4.0	(0.14)	1.9	(0.08)	2.4	(0.11)	11.4	(0.31)	3.2	(0.27)	1.6	(0.18)	5.2		(0.25)	0.04		(0.008)	0.07		(0.013)	0.01		(0.004)	0.04		(0.008)	0.07		(0.012)	0.06	!	(0.022)	0.01		(0.001)	‡		(†)
Kansas	5.1	(0.18)	6.9	(0.26)	3.1	(0.11)	3.8	(0.20)	14.6	(0.27)	6.6	(0.22)	2.9	(0.10)	5.8		(0.59)	0.18		(0.014)	0.25		(0.015)	0.10		(0.013)	0.12		(0.017)	0.68		(0.019)	0.19		(0.011)	0.12		(0.013)	0.20	!	(0.090)
Kentucky	6.6	(0.36)	8.7	(0.48)	4.3	(0.24)	5.8	(0.33)	13.3	(1.27)	4.0	(0.33)	1.5	(0.19)	3.8		(0.89)	0.08		(0.017)	0.11		(0.021)	0.05	!	(0.014)	0.07		(0.012)	‡		(†)	‡		(†)	0.03	!	(0.013)	#		(†)
Louisiana	10.3	(0.41)	13.2	(0.51)	7.3	(0.31)	7.1	(0.56)	14.6	(0.48)	4.7	(0.16)	2.6	(0.14)	6.8	!	(2.24)	0.89		(0.037)	1.23		(0.054)	0.52		(0.021)	0.45		(0.039)	1.42		(0.056)	0.47		(0.020)	0.17		(0.011)	0.39		(0.109)
Maine	4.6	(0.28)	6.6	(0.41)	2.4	(0.15)	4.5	(0.28)	9.0	(0.38)	5.7	(1.11)	2.9	(0.18)	6.4		(1.13)	0.09		(0.012)	0.13		(0.015)	0.04	!	(0.011)	0.09		(0.012)	0.09	!	(0.022)	0.05		(0.002)	‡		(†)	#		(†)
Maryland3	7.1	(†)	8.9	(†)	5.2	(†)	5.8	(†)	8.2	(†)	12.9	(†)	2.2	(†)	8.5		(†)	0.18		(†)	0.27		(†)	0.09		(†)	0.08		(†)	0.31		(†)	0.27		(†)	0.03		(†)	0.09		(†)
Massachusetts	5.6	(0.28)	7.1	(0.35)	3.9	(0.22)	4.2	(0.25)	10.3	(0.50)	12.0	(1.18)	2.5	(0.25)	5.0		(0.63)	0.06		(0.004)	0.09		(0.006)	0.03		(0.003)	0.03		(0.005)	0.24		(0.013)	0.13		(0.009)	0.02		(0.003)	0.04		(0.003)
Michigan	8.2	(0.34)	10.8	(0.43)	5.4	(0.27)	6.1	(0.27)	17.8	(1.48)	7.4	(0.83)	2.2	(0.34)	6.8		(1.08)	0.13		(0.010)	0.19		(0.014)	0.07		(0.006)	0.09		(0.007)	0.32		(0.040)	0.15		(0.023)	0.06		(0.012)	0.12	!	(0.041)
Minnesota	3.7	(0.10)	5.0	(0.14)	2.4	(0.07)	2.4	(0.09)	14.4	(0.33)	5.4	(0.28)	2.5	(0.05)	10.0		(1.43)	0.03		(0.002)	0.05		(0.004)	0.01		(0.001)	0.02		(0.002)	0.08		(0.002)	0.04		(0.007)	0.01		(0.002)	0.14	!	(0.048)
Mississippi	10.2	(0.33)	13.3	(0.41)	7.0	(0.24)	5.5	(0.26)	14.8	(0.55)	4.3	(0.44)	3.0	(0.47)	12.7		(3.08)	0.29		(0.015)	0.42		(0.025)	0.16		(0.006)	0.12		(0.020)	0.46		(0.019)	0.07		(0.007)	0.08		(0.013)	0.09		(0.009)
Missouri	7.3	(0.24)	9.8	(0.32)	4.6	(0.16)	4.6	(0.19)	20.2	(1.07)	5.4	(0.32)	2.9	(0.10)	7.0		(0.51)	0.03		(0.004)	0.05		(0.005)	0.01		(0.003)	0.03		(0.005)	0.04		(0.003)	0.02		(0.001)	0.01		(#)	#		(†)
Montana	4.5	(0.18)	6.1	(0.24)	2.7	(0.12)	3.7	(0.17)	4.9	(0.27)	3.5	(0.19)	2.3	(0.16)	9.6		(1.05)	0.07		(0.007)	0.12		(0.013)	0.02		(0.005)	0.05		(0.007)	#		(†)	#		(†)	#		(†)	0.24		(0.040)
Nebraska	3.7	(0.08)	4.9	(0.11)	2.4	(0.05)	2.6	(0.06)	12.6	(0.05)	5.0	(0.30)	1.9	(0.04)	6.7		(0.89)	0.23		(0.005)	0.32		(0.008)	0.12		(0.002)	0.13		(0.004)	0.92		(0.004)	0.32		(0.018)	0.13		(0.001)	0.76		(0.121)
Nevada3	7.4	(†)	9.5	(†)	5.2	(†)	5.1	(†)	15.5	(†)	8.5	(†)	3.9	(†)	6.6		(†)	0.36		(†)	0.55		(†)	0.16		(†)	0.26		(†)	0.86		(†)	0.35		(†)	0.22		(†)	0.36		(†)
New Hampshire	5.6	(0.32)	7.2	(0.46)	3.9	(0.18)	5.4	(0.33)	8.7	(0.32)	12.1	(0.23)	2.2	(0.19)	4.8		(0.45)	0.06	!	(0.021)	0.08	!	(0.024)	0.04	!	(0.020)	0.06	!	(0.021)	0.28		(0.065)	0.07		(0.001)	0.03		(0.001)	0.17		(0.011)
New Jersey	5.7	(0.26)	7.5	(0.33)	3.7	(0.19)	3.7	(0.30)	12.4	(0.79)	6.9	(0.51)	1.4	(0.13)	3.7		(0.70)	0.02	!	(0.008)	0.03	!	(0.016)	#		(†)	0.01	!	(0.006)	0.03	!	(0.009)	0.03	!	(0.015)	‡		(†)	#		(†)
New Mexico	5.3	(0.20)	6.9	(0.26)	3.5	(0.14)	4.0	(0.19)	7.0	(0.21)	5.4	(0.31)	2.5	(0.12)	8.3		(0.47)	0.07		(0.005)	0.12		(0.009)	0.03		(0.002)	0.03		(0.003)	0.13		(0.002)	0.06		(0.006)	0.17		(0.006)	0.22		(0.030)
New York	3.8	(0.14)	5.1	(0.17)	2.5	(0.11)	3.4	(0.14)	7.3	(0.45)	2.8	(0.15)	0.7	(0.05)	4.5		(0.97)	0.03		(0.006)	0.05		(0.010)	0.01		(0.003)	0.04		(0.010)	0.04	!	(0.014)	0.01		(0.002)	#		(†)	‡		(†)
North Carolina	10.8	(0.52)	14.3	(0.66)	7.0	(0.37)	6.5	(0.33)	20.0	(1.06)	7.2	(0.40)	2.7	(0.19)	‡		(†)	0.14	!	(0.060)	0.21	!	(0.081)	‡		(†)	0.04		(0.007)	‡		(†)	0.05		(0.007)	0.03		(0.004)	‡		(†)
North Dakota	2.2	(0.17)	2.9	(0.21)	1.4	(0.13)	1.5	(0.10)	5.0	(0.16)	3.1	(0.35)	2.0	(0.12)	8.0		(1.80)	0.02		(0.006)	0.05		(0.008)	#		(†)	0.01		(0.002)	0.05		(0.001)	#		(†)	#		(†)	0.12	!	(0.061)
Ohio	6.2	(0.24)	8.2	(0.30)	4.2	(0.17)	4.6	(0.21)	14.6	(0.99)	6.0	(0.83)	2.1	(0.24)	3.7		(0.45)	0.47		(0.020)	0.61		(0.026)	0.32		(0.014)	0.20		(0.016)	1.69		(0.091)	0.72		(0.078)	0.09		(0.014)	0.21	!	(0.038)
Oklahoma	4.9	(0.17)	6.7	(0.24)	3.0	(0.11)	3.9	(0.18)	12.1	(0.60)	5.3	(0.18)	1.8	(0.07)	4.0		(0.24)	0.34		(0.013)	0.47		(0.019)	0.21		(0.008)	0.28		(0.014)	0.94		(0.039)	0.23		(0.014)	0.16		(0.039)	0.29		(0.021)
Oregon	4.9	(0.18)	7.1	(0.26)	2.7	(0.15)	4.8	(0.19)	8.8	(0.24)	5.5	(0.37)	2.1	(0.08)	7.2		(0.57)	0.34		(0.025)	0.52		(0.044)	0.15		(0.010)	0.32		(0.026)	0.58		(0.093)	0.41		(0.015)	0.18		(0.028)	0.47		(0.070)
Pennsylvania	6.8	(0.37)	8.7	(0.45)	4.8	(0.29)	4.2	(0.23)	18.9	(1.41)	8.7	(0.79)	2.7	(0.46)	3.4		(0.64)	0.16		(0.008)	0.22		(0.011)	0.10		(0.005)	0.09		(0.007)	0.52		(0.031)	0.21		(0.017)	0.06		(0.013)	0.04		(0.002)
Rhode Island	8.4	(0.74)	10.7	(1.00)	5.9	(0.47)	6.7	(0.83)	14.6	(2.07)	12.6	(0.65)	7.2	(0.73)	11.8		(2.92)	#		(†)	#		(†)	#		(†)	#		(†)	#		(†)	#		(†)	#		(†)	#		(†)
South Carolina	11.9	(0.44)	15.1	(0.56)	8.6	(0.33)	6.9	(0.36)	19.2	(0.89)	6.5	(1.05)	2.9	(0.31)	9.6	!	(4.26)	0.73		(0.043)	1.03		(0.063)	0.40		(0.026)	0.37		(0.029)	1.26		(0.091)	0.20		(0.035)	0.19		(0.047)	0.42	!	(0.169)
South Dakota	2.7	(0.16)	3.7	(0.22)	1.6	(0.11)	1.9	(0.12)	7.1	(0.24)	4.3	(0.16)	3.0	(0.19)	6.8		(1.19)	0.11	!	(0.045)	0.16	!	(0.066)	0.05	!	(0.024)	‡		(†)	0.08	!	(0.038)	‡		(†)	#		(†)	0.55	!	(0.221)
Tennessee	7.2	(0.26)	9.6	(0.35)	4.8	(0.17)	5.5	(0.27)	12.8	(0.38)	5.4	(0.22)	2.7	(0.15)	3.4		(0.36)	0.32		(0.010)	0.47		(0.016)	0.15		(0.006)	0.19		(0.011)	0.70		(0.011)	0.29		(0.011)	0.17		(0.009)	0.29		(0.014)
Texas	5.6	(0.06)	7.4	(0.08)	3.6	(0.04)	2.9	(0.06)	12.7	(0.24)	5.7	(0.08)	1.6	(0.01)	3.1		(0.10)	0.26		(0.005)	0.39		(0.008)	0.13		(0.002)	0.16		(0.007)	0.58		(0.016)	0.26		(0.005)	0.08		(#)	0.20		(0.004)
Utah	3.2	(0.04)	4.5	(0.05)	1.9	(0.03)	2.4	(0.03)	7.8	(0.04)	6.7	(0.07)	4.2	(0.04)	6.9		(0.09)	0.05		(0.001)	0.07		(0.002)	0.02		(#)	0.04		(0.001)	0.22		(0.001)	0.06		(0.002)	0.09		(#)	0.19		(0.020)
Vermont	4.0	(0.18)	5.5	(0.25)	2.4	(0.12)	4.0	(0.18)	5.8	(0.50)	4.1	(0.55)	1.8	(0.23)	5.7		(0.77)	0.05	!	(0.019)	0.08	!	(0.031)	0.02	!	(0.006)	0.05	!	(0.020)	‡		(†)	‡		(†)	#		(†)	#		(†)
Virginia	7.2	(0.24)	9.4	(0.31)	4.9	(0.18)	4.7	(0.17)	13.9	(0.73)	5.6	(0.21)	2.1	(0.06)	4.0		(0.34)	0.09		(0.014)	0.15		(0.025)	0.03		(0.003)	0.08	!	(0.022)	0.12		(0.013)	0.09		(0.005)	0.06		(0.003)	0.10	!	(0.045)
Washington	5.9	(0.15)	8.6	(0.21)	3.2	(0.08)	5.3	(0.17)	12.0	(0.09)	7.2	(0.39)	3.7	(0.05)	11.3		(1.36)	0.34		(0.014)	0.53		(0.021)	0.14		(0.007)	0.31		(0.016)	0.48		(0.010)	0.50		(0.035)	0.16		(0.002)	0.69		(0.130)
West Virginia	10.2	(1.02)	13.8	(1.31)	6.4	(0.70)	9.7	(0.91)	21.5	(4.03)	11.2	(3.07)	2.4	(0.54)	8.2		(1.98)	0.07		(0.012)	0.09		(0.015)	0.04		(0.010)	0.07		(0.011)	0.09	!	(0.034)	‡		(†)	#		(†)	#		(†)
Wisconsin	5.0	(0.16)	6.3	(0.20)	3.6	(0.13)	2.7	(0.12)	19.7	(0.60)	7.5	(0.18)	2.1	(0.07)	13.5	!	(5.23)	0.17		(0.008)	0.23		(0.012)	0.10		(0.006)	0.12		(0.009)	0.47		(0.016)	0.22		(0.020)	0.06		(0.008)	0.30	!	(0.105)
Wyoming	2.8	(0.34)	4.0	(0.33)	‡	(†)	2.7	(0.34)	3.2	(0.26)	3.1	(0.43)	1.7	(0.26)	6.4		(1.37)	0.11		(0.018)	0.18		(0.027)	0.03	!	(0.010)	0.11		(0.021)	0.23		(0.006)	0.09		(0.005)	0.10		(0.007)	#		(†)

†Not applicable.

#Rounds to zero.

!Interpret data with cautionThe coefficient of variation (CV) for this estimate is 30 percent or greater.

‡Reporting standards not metThe coefficient of variation (CV) for this estimate is 50 percent or greater.

1 A student is counted only once, even if suspended more than once during the same school year.

2 A student is counted only once, even if expelled more than once during the same school year.

3 Data are based on universe counts of schools and school districts; therefore, these figures do not have standard errors.

NOTE: Suspension is excluding a student from school for disciplinary reasons for 1 school day or longer. Expulsion is the exclusion of a student from school for disciplinary reasons that results in the student’s removal from school attendance rolls or that meets the criteria for expulsion as defined by the appropriate state or local school authority. Race categories exclude persons of Hispanic ethnicity. Standard errors appear in parentheses.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Office for Civil Rights, Civil Rights Data Collection: 2006. (This table was prepared May 2008.)