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Digest of Education Statistics: 2010
Digest of Education Statistics: 2010

NCES 2011-015
April 2011


Table 274. Percentage of full-time instructional staff with tenure for degree-granting institutions with a tenure system, by academic rank, sex, and control and type of institution: Selected years, 1993-94 through 2009-10
Academic year, control and type of institution Percent of institu-
tions with tenure systems
Percent of full-time instructional staff with tenure
Total Professor Associate professor Assistant professor Instruc- tor Lec- turer No aca- demic rank
Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
1993-94                                
All institutions 62.6 56.2 62.6 42.7 91.9 92.8 87.7 76.8 77.5 75.1 14.4 13.6 15.5 38.3 10.8 26.0
Public institutions 73.6 58.9 65.4 45.6 92.6 93.6 87.5 80.8 81.6 78.9 17.1 16.1 18.5 45.5 7.2 28.6
4-year 92.6 56.3 63.5 39.3 94.3 94.7 92.0 80.4 81.2 78.4 13.8 13.0 14.8 4.4 5.4 6.1
Doctoral1  100.0 54.5 62.1 35.0 94.2 94.7 90.1 81.3 82.1 79.2 7.3 6.7 8.3 2.8 2.1 5.4
Master's2  98.3 60.5 67.7 46.1 95.4 95.5 95.0 79.3 80.0 77.7 23.0 23.0 22.9 6.4 11.7 11.0
Other 76.4 51.1 56.3 40.0 88.4 88.8 86.4 76.5 77.3 74.8 22.7 22.8 22.6 4.6 15.0 6.4
2-year 62.1 69.9 75.4 63.0 80.7 83.7 75.5 84.2 86.4 81.5 47.7 51.1 44.6 68.9 39.9 65.7
Not-for-profit institutions 62.0 49.5 56.0 35.5 90.3 90.8 88.1 67.6 68.1 66.5 9.0 8.7 9.4 6.1 21.9 18.9
4-year 66.3 49.5 56.0 35.4 90.3 90.8 88.0 67.6 68.1 66.5 9.0 8.7 9.4 5.5 21.6 15.7
Doctoral1  90.5 47.6 53.5 31.9 90.5 90.8 88.5 62.5 63.4 60.0 3.7 3.7 3.7 8.9 29.2 15.4
Master's2  76.5 51.8 59.2 38.2 90.8 91.1 89.8 71.3 72.2 69.6 13.4 13.6 13.1 2.6 0.7 10.5
Other 58.3 50.4 57.4 37.2 89.4 90.4 85.1 70.6 70.9 70.2 11.9 11.9 11.9 3.9 3.4 20.0
2-year 26.1 47.9 54.5 38.5 88.0 84.3 94.3 63.8 65.1 62.7 12.0 12.3 11.9 20.0 86.7 68.6
For-profit institutions 7.8 33.8 39.0 27.8 95.2 94.1 32.9
                                 
1999-2000                                
All institutions 55.0 53.7 59.6 43.2 92.8 93.1 91.2 76.8 76.9 76.7 11.8 11.0 12.9 34.1 3.4 18.3
Public institutions 72.8 55.9 62.0 45.6 93.9 94.4 91.9 81.0 81.2 80.7 14.1 13.1 15.4 39.8 4.1 21.2
4-year 94.6 53.2 60.3 39.3 94.2 94.6 92.5 80.8 81.0 80.3 10.0 9.5 10.6 3.9 3.0 4.0
Doctoral1  100.0 50.4 58.0 34.5 92.9 93.6 89.3 79.9 80.2 79.4 4.7 4.4 5.2 2.1 1.5 1.4
Master's2  95.5 59.1 66.0 48.0 96.9 96.9 96.8 82.7 83.0 82.1 18.1 17.8 18.5 6.4 5.9 25.3
Other 86.3 54.7 61.2 43.2 94.9 95.1 94.0 80.7 81.3 79.7 21.8 24.1 18.8 5.8 7.2 49.3
2-year 60.3 67.7 70.6 64.5 91.2 92.2 89.7 83.3 83.6 83.1 53.8 56.0 52.0 60.4 21.2 64.4
Not-for-profit institutions 59.0 48.2 54.2 36.8 90.3 90.5 89.7 68.0 67.8 68.4 7.5 6.8 8.2 1.8 1.2 7.4
4-year 63.4 48.1 54.1 36.7 90.3 90.5 89.7 68.0 67.8 68.5 7.4 6.8 8.1 1.6 1.2 4.1
Doctoral1  81.2 43.4 49.6 29.6 88.6 88.7 87.6 62.6 62.8 62.2 3.0 2.8 3.2 1.0 1.3 0.5
Master's2  72.6 52.3 59.4 41.4 91.2 91.6 90.0 72.0 73.0 70.3 12.1 11.9 12.3 0.9 0.8 22.3
Other 54.9 53.5 59.3 44.0 93.5 93.8 92.8 73.1 71.2 76.0 9.9 9.4 10.5 3.6 1.6 23.5
2-year 14.0 59.7 63.3 53.6 96.0 96.0 96.0 57.1 61.3 54.3 31.6 36.7 28.3 30.2 65.8
For-profit institutions 4.0 77.4 77.2 77.6 47.4 50.0 33.3 86.1 71.9
                                 
2007-08                                
All institutions 49.5 48.8 54.5 40.4 90.6 90.9 89.6 74.0 73.7 74.6 7.8 7.4 8.2 27.8 1.4 25.2
Public institutions 70.7 50.5 56.2 42.6 92.1 92.4 91.2 77.7 77.5 78.0 9.4 8.7 10.2 33.2 1.8 29.8
4-year 91.0 47.8 54.5 37.4 92.3 92.5 91.8 77.7 77.5 78.1 5.8 5.4 6.2 2.0 1.2 4.8
Doctoral1  100.0 46.1 53.2 33.9 90.6 91.0 89.2 75.0 74.8 75.3 2.2 2.0 2.5 1.1 0.7 1.1
Master's2  98.6 51.9 58.5 43.7 97.1 97.1 97.0 83.8 83.9 83.6 12.1 11.9 12.3 3.0 1.9 6.1
Other 71.6 49.1 53.5 43.2 92.2 93.5 89.8 81.3 81.8 80.5 16.3 17.1 15.4 5.1 3.1 41.6
2-year 57.4 63.6 66.7 60.7 89.7 91.1 88.3 77.6 77.9 77.4 45.3 48.7 42.6 56.2 21.8 68.1
Not-for-profit institutions 57.5 44.7 50.9 35.2 87.5 87.9 86.4 66.8 66.2 67.9 4.7 4.8 4.6 0.6 0.3 8.5
4-year 60.2 44.7 50.9 35.2 87.5 87.9 86.4 66.8 66.2 67.9 4.7 4.7 4.6 0.4 0.3 8.2
Doctoral1  87.8 40.1 46.9 28.5 84.9 85.6 82.2 59.4 59.4 59.2 2.8 2.8 2.7 0.2 0.2 1.9
Master's2  66.0 49.8 56.1 41.7 89.9 90.5 88.4 73.7 73.9 73.4 8.3 8.9 7.8 0.7 0.6 18.0
Other 49.0 52.7 58.2 44.9 93.2 93.0 93.8 77.2 75.2 80.0 5.0 5.2 4.9 1.0 1.4 41.5
2-year 13.0 41.3 46.4 37.4 92.5 96.2 85.7 60.0 61.5 59.5 17.9 14.3 20.4 17.8 51.6
For-profit institutions 1.4 51.3 58.0 42.1 77.4 77.8 76.5 23.7 35.3 8.0 16.0 23.8 10.3 77.9
                                 
2009-10                                
All institutions 47.8 48.7 54.5 40.6 90.3 90.7 89.3 74.6 74.5 74.6 7.2 6.9 7.6 28.2 1.4 24.7
Public institutions 71.2 50.6 56.3 42.9 91.6 92.0 90.6 78.3 78.4 78.2 9.1 8.4 9.8 33.7 1.8 30.2
4-year 90.9 47.9 54.6 38.0 92.0 92.2 91.4 78.7 78.6 78.8 5.7 5.4 6.0 2.5 1.2 7.5
Doctoral1  99.5 45.7 52.9 34.1 90.2 90.6 88.6 75.6 75.7 75.4 2.4 2.2 2.6 0.9 0.7 1.6
Master's2  98.6 53.5 60.0 45.6 97.5 97.5 97.4 86.0 86.2 85.8 11.3 11.5 11.2 3.2 1.8 8.7
Other 72.4 51.2 55.5 46.1 92.2 93.3 90.2 84.6 85.0 84.0 20.5 21.4 19.6 11.8 3.0 58.7
2-year 57.7 64.1 67.2 61.4 88.2 89.6 86.9 74.1 75.2 73.3 45.2 48.3 42.9 58.4 22.6 67.6
Not-for-profit institutions 57.1 44.3 50.6 35.2 87.8 88.2 86.6 67.2 67.0 67.6 3.8 3.8 3.7 0.6 0.3 7.1
4-year 59.5 44.3 50.6 35.2 87.8 88.2 86.7 67.2 67.0 67.6 3.8 3.8 3.7 0.5 0.3 7.0
Doctoral1  83.8 39.7 46.6 28.4 85.6 86.4 82.7 59.7 60.2 59.0 1.8 1.9 1.7 0.2 0.2 1.0
Master's2  65.8 49.8 55.7 42.4 89.7 90.1 88.8 74.0 74.1 73.8 7.2 7.6 6.8 0.7 0.2 20.4
Other 47.4 53.4 59.1 45.8 93.2 92.9 93.8 79.4 78.6 80.5 4.8 5.0 4.5 1.6 1.6 45.7
2-year 12.9 38.5 49.5 31.7 86.7 70.0 59.3 64.7 56.8 20.5 18.5 21.4 8.2 30.0
For-profit institutions 1.5 51.0 58.6 42.1 75.5 74.7 77.8 8.5 3.2 12.5 87.3
—Not available.
‡Reporting standards not met.
1 Institutions that awarded 20 or more doctor's degrees during the previous academic year.
2 Institutions that awarded 20 or more master's degrees, but less than 20 doctor's degrees, during the previous academic year.
NOTE: The coverage of this table differs from similar tables published in editions of the Digest prior to 2003. Previous tenure tabulations included only instructional staff classified as full-time faculty; this table includes all staff with full-time instructional duties, including faculty and other instructional staff. Data for 1993-94 are for institutions of higher education, while later data are for degree-granting institutions. Degree-granting institutions grant associate’s or higher degrees and participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs. The degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, but it includes more 2-year colleges and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not grant degrees. (See Appendix A: Guide to Sources for details.) Beginning in 2007-08, includes institutions with fewer than 15 full-time employees; institutions with fewer than 15 employees did not report staff data prior to 2007-08. Some data have been revised from previously published figures.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 1993-94 through 2009-10 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, "Fall Staff Survey" (IPEDS-S:93-99), Winter 2007-08, and Winter 2009-10. (This table was prepared September 2010.)