Table 196.

Historical summary of faculty, students, degrees, and finances in degree-granting institutions: Selected years, 1869-70 through 2008-09

Selected characteristic	1869-70		1879-80		1889-90		1899-1900		1909-10		1919-20		1929-30		1939-40		1949-50		1959-60		1969-70		1979-80		1989-90		1999-2000		2005-06		2007-08		2008-09
1	2		3		4		5		6		7		8		9		10		11		12		13		14		15		16		17		18
Total institutions1	563		811		998		977		951		1,041		1,409		1,708		1,851		2,004		2,525		3,152		3,535		4,084		4,276		4,352		4,409
Total faculty2	5,553	3	11,522	3	15,809		23,868		36,480		48,615		82,386		146,929		246,722		380,554		450,000	4	675,000	4	824,220	5	1,027,830	5	1,290,426	5	1,371,390	5	—
Males	4,887	3	7,328	3	12,704	3	19,151		29,132		35,807		60,017		106,328		186,189		296,773		346,000	4	479,000	4	534,254	5	602,469	5	714,453	5	743,812	5	—
Females	666	3	4,194	3	3,105	3	4,717		7,348		12,808		22,369		40,601		60,533		83,781		104,000	4	196,000	4	289,966	5	425,361	5	575,973	5	627,578	5	—
Total fall enrollment6	52,286		115,817		156,756		237,592		355,213		597,880		1,100,737		1,494,203		2,444,900		3,639,847		8,004,660		11,569,899		13,538,560		14,791,224		17,487,475		18,248,128		19,102,814
Males	41,160	3	77,972	3	100,453	3	152,254		214,648	3	314,938		619,935		893,250		1,721,572		2,332,617		4,746,201		5,682,877		6,190,015		6,490,646		7,455,925		7,815,914		8,188,895
Females	11,126	3	37,845	3	56,303	3	85,338		140,565	3	282,942		480,802		600,953		723,328		1,307,230		3,258,459		5,887,022		7,348,545		8,300,578		10,031,550		10,432,214		10,913,919
Earned degrees conferred
Associate's, total	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		206,023		400,910		455,102		564,933		713,066		750,164		787,325
Males	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		117,432		183,737		191,195		224,721		270,095		282,521		298,141
Females	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		88,591		217,173		263,907		340,212		442,971		467,643		489,184
Bachelor's, total7	9,371		12,896		15,539		27,410		37,199		48,622		122,484		186,500		432,058		392,440		792,316		929,417		1,051,344		1,237,875		1,485,242		1,563,069		1,601,368
Males	7,993		10,411		12,857		22,173		28,762		31,980		73,615		109,546		328,841		254,063		451,097		473,611		491,696		530,367		630,600		667,928		685,382
Females	1,378		2,485		2,682		5,237		8,437		16,642		48,869		76,954		103,217		138,377		341,219		455,806		559,648		707,508		854,642		895,141		915,986
Master's, total8	0		879		1,015		1,583		2,113		4,279		14,969		26,731		58,183		74,435		208,291		298,081		324,301		457,056		594,065		625,023		656,784
Males	0		868		821		1,280		1,555		2,985		8,925		16,508		41,220		50,898		125,624		150,749		153,653		191,792		237,896		246,491		259,998
Females	0		11		194		303		558		1,294		6,044		10,223		16,963		23,537		82,667		147,332		170,648		265,264		356,169		378,532		396,786
First-professional, total7	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		34,918		70,131		70,988		80,057		87,655		91,309		92,004
Males	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		33,077		52,716		43,961		44,239		44,038		45,916		46,900
Females	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		1,841		17,415		27,027		35,818		43,617		45,393		45,104
Doctor's, total	1		54		149		382		443		615		2,299		3,290		6,420		9,829		29,866		32,615		38,371		44,808		56,067		63,712		67,716
Males	1		51		147		359		399		522		1,946		2,861		5,804		8,801		25,890		22,943		24,401		25,028		28,634		31,215		32,279
Females	0		3		2		23		44		93		353		429		616		1,028		3,976		9,672		13,970		19,780		27,433		32,497		35,437
	In thousands of current dollars
Finances
Current-fund revenue	—		—		—		—		$76,883		$199,922		$554,511		$715,211		$2,374,645		$5,785,537		$21,515,242		$58,519,982		$139,635,477		—		—		—		—
Educational and general    income	—		—		$21,464		$35,084		67,917		172,929		483,065		571,288		1,833,845		4,688,352		16,486,177		—		—		—		—		—		—
Current-fund expenditures	—		—		—		—		—		—		507,142		674,688		2,245,661		5,601,376		21,043,113		56,913,588		134,655,571		—		—		—		—
Educational and general    expenditures	—		—		—		—		—		—		377,903		521,990		1,706,444		4,685,258		16,845,212		44,542,843		105,585,076		—		—		—		—
Value of physical property	—		—		95,426		253,599		457,594		747,333		2,065,049		2,753,780	9	4,799,964		13,548,548		42,093,580		83,733,387		164,635,000		—		—		—		—
Market value of endowment    funds	—		—		78,788	10	194,998	10	323,661	10	569,071	10	1,372,068	10	1,686,283	10	2,601,223	10	5,322,080	10	11,206,632		20,743,045		67,978,726		—		$336,908,009		$412,509,820		$325,565,998

—Not available.

1 Prior to 1979-80, excludes branch campuses.

2 Total number of different individuals (not reduced to full-time equivalent). Beginning in 1959-60, data are for the first term of the academic year.

3 Estimated.

4 Estimated number of senior instructional staff based on actual enrollment data for the designated year and enrollment/staff ratios for the prior staff survey. Excludes graduate assistants.

5 Because of revised survey procedures, data may not be directly comparable with figures prior to 1989-90. Estimated number of senior instructional staff based on actual enrollment data for the designated year and enrollment/staff ratios for the prior staff survey. Excludes graduate assistants.

6 Data for 1869-70 to 1939-40 are for resident degree-credit students who enrolled at any time during the academic year.

7 From 1869-70 to 1959-60, first-professional degrees are included under bachelor's degrees.

8 Figures for years prior to 1969-70 are not precisely comparable with later data.

9 Includes unexpended plant funds.

10 Book value. Includes other nonexpendable funds.

NOTE: Data through 1989-90 are for institutions of higher education, while later data are for degree-granting institutions. Degree-granting institutions grant associate’s or higher degrees and participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs. The degree-granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, but it includes more 2-year colleges and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not grant degrees. (See Appendix A: Guide to Sources for details.) Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Biennial Survey of Education in the United States; Education Directory, Colleges and Universities; Faculty and Other Professional Staff in Institutions of Higher Education; Fall Enrollment in Colleges and Universities; Earned Degrees Conferred; Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education; Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS), "Fall Enrollment in Institutions of Higher Education," "Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred," and "Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education" surveys; and 1989 through 2009 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, "Fall Enrollment Survey" (IPEDS-EF:89-99), "Fall Staff Survey" (IPEDS-S:89-99), "Finance Survey" (IPEDS-F:FY90-00), "Completions Survey" (IPEDS-C:90-00), "Institutional Characteristics Survey" (IPEDS-IC:89-99), Winter 2005-06, Winter 2007-08, Spring 2006, Spring 2008, Spring 2009, Fall 2006, Fall 2008, and Fall 2009. (This table was prepared September 2010.)