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| 2010 Tables and Figures | All Years of Tables and Figures | Most Recent Full Issue of the Digest |
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| Table 53. | Number of children under 6 years old and not yet enrolled in kindergarten, percentage in center-based programs, average weekly hours in nonparental care, and percentage in various types of primary care arrangements, by selected child and family characteristics: 2005 |
| Selected child and family characteristic | Number of children, ages 0 to 5 (in thousands) | Percent in center-based programs | Average hours per week in nonparental care1 | Percentage distribution, by type of primary care arrangement | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parental care only | Nonparental care | |||||||||||||||||||
| Center-based care | Nonrelative care | Relative | Multiple arrange- ments2 |
|||||||||||||||||
| Head Start | Other center-based | Family child care (in another home) | Sitter (in child's home) | |||||||||||||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | ||||||||||
| Total preschool children | 20,665 | (9.0) | 36.1 | (0.60) | 29.3 | (0.37) | 39.8 | (0.76) | 5.1 | (0.40) | 27.3 | (0.49) | 8.3 | (0.39) | 2.3 | (0.24) | 15.4 | (0.66) | 1.7 | (0.18) |
| Age | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Under 1 year | 3,519 | (#) | 12.0 | (1.13) | 30.9 | (0.95) | 57.7 | (1.81) | 1.2 | (0.57) | 10.0 | (1.07) | 9.2 | (0.90) | 3.2 | (0.60) | 17.2 | (1.42) | 1.5 | (0.47) |
| 1 year old | 3,988 | (#) | 16.9 | (1.34) | 31.2 | (0.81) | 48.5 | (1.89) | 0.7 | (0.25) | 15.0 | (1.32) | 11.1 | (1.09) | 3.4 | (0.57) | 19.1 | (1.52) | 2.2 | (0.50) |
| 2 years old | 4,093 | (#) | 28.7 | (1.84) | 29.6 | (0.75) | 44.9 | (1.97) | 3.5 | (0.98) | 22.7 | (1.66) | 10.7 | (1.13) | 2.4 | (0.49) | 14.3 | (1.17) | 1.5 | (0.38) |
| 3 years old | 4,070 | (93.0) | 42.5 | (1.67) | 28.9 | (0.64) | 34.0 | (1.46) | 5.3 | (0.75) | 33.2 | (1.64) | 7.6 | (0.91) | 1.7 | (0.38) | 16.7 | (1.35) | 1.5 | (0.36) |
| 4 years old | 3,873 | (92.0) | 69.2 | (1.36) | 27.9 | (0.67) | 20.9 | (1.44) | 13.2 | (1.12) | 48.2 | (1.29) | 4.0 | (0.73) | 1.2 | (0.50) | 10.4 | (1.29) | 2.2 | (0.44) |
| 5 years old | 1,123 | (67.3) | 68.7 | (3.51) | 26.9 | (1.28) | 21.1 | (3.17) | 10.4 | (2.22) | 48.4 | (3.33) | 4.6 | (1.44) | 0.8 | (0.44) | 13.6 | (2.91) | 1.1 | (0.79) |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||||||||||||||||
| White | 11,488 | (99.2) | 37.8 | (0.87) | 27.1 | (0.48) | 37.7 | (0.97) | 2.8 | (0.35) | 30.4 | (0.82) | 10.1 | (0.59) | 3.1 | (0.35) | 14.1 | (0.82) | 1.8 | (0.26) |
| Black | 2,962 | (5.2) | 43.8 | (2.44) | 35.9 | (0.85) | 30.8 | (2.67) | 13.3 | (2.10) | 28.8 | (2.32) | 6.6 | (1.05) | 1.0 | (0.54) | 17.8 | (2.76) | 1.7 | (0.57) |
| Hispanic | 4,283 | (4.1) | 25.2 | (1.28) | 28.8 | (0.76) | 50.9 | (1.43) | 6.2 | (0.76) | 16.8 | (1.01) | 6.4 | (0.80) | 1.5 | (0.32) | 16.7 | (0.96) | 1.4 | (0.35) |
| Other | 1,933 | (100.2) | 37.9 | (2.72) | 31.8 | (0.91) | 41.5 | (2.80) | 3.8 | (0.94) | 29.6 | (2.43) | 4.8 | (0.76) | 1.3 | (0.35) | 17.1 | (2.03) | 1.9 | (0.68) |
| Number of parents in the | ||||||||||||||||||||
| household3 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Two parents | 16,275 | (114.0) | 34.4 | (0.70) | 27.0 | (0.42) | 43.3 | (0.90) | 3.4 | (0.33) | 27.7 | (0.58) | 8.6 | (0.44) | 2.4 | (0.24) | 12.9 | (0.66) | 1.7 | (0.20) |
| One parent | 4,055 | (112.6) | 42.2 | (1.94) | 35.1 | (0.77) | 26.1 | (1.68) | 11.1 | (1.42) | 26.3 | (1.61) | 7.8 | (1.06) | 1.6 | (0.54) | 25.3 | (2.28) | 1.8 | (0.41) |
| Mother in household | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Yes | 19,982 | (65.8) | 35.7 | (0.59) | 28.9 | (0.38) | 40.1 | (0.78) | 4.9 | (0.42) | 27.3 | (0.47) | 8.5 | (0.40) | 2.3 | (0.23) | 15.2 | (0.67) | 1.7 | (0.18) |
| No | 683 | (63.8) | 45.2 | (4.17) | 38.5 | (1.87) | 30.9 | (3.95) | 9.9 | (2.44) | 27.4 | (3.62) | 3.5 | (1.26) | 2.9 | (1.76) | 22.5 | (3.75) | 3.0 | (1.38) |
| Mother's employment status4 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Currently employed | 11,328 | (197.3) | 43.8 | (0.81) | 32.3 | (0.40) | 20.9 | (0.97) | 5.4 | (0.64) | 33.1 | (0.81) | 13.7 | (0.68) | 3.0 | (0.32) | 21.4 | (0.92) | 2.4 | (0.29) |
| 35 or more hours/week | 7,038 | (185.0) | 47.5 | (1.15) | 37.1 | (0.42) | 14.9 | (1.06) | 5.7 | (0.72) | 36.3 | (1.14) | 16.6 | (0.89) | 2.4 | (0.32) | 22.0 | (1.28) | 2.1 | (0.35) |
| Less than 35 hours/week | 4,290 | (156.5) | 37.7 | (1.52) | 22.7 | (0.64) | 30.8 | (2.00) | 5.1 | (0.99) | 27.9 | (1.43) | 8.9 | (0.99) | 3.9 | (0.64) | 20.5 | (1.38) | 2.9 | (0.49) |
| Looking for work | 1,416 | (118.3) | 22.6 | (2.91) | 26.0 | (1.46) | 55.0 | (4.48) | 4.9 | (1.11) | 17.1 | (2.66) | 3.7 | (1.03) | 1.8 | (1.29) | 16.7 | (5.17) | 0.9 | (0.65) |
| Not in labor force | 7,238 | (173.7) | 25.7 | (1.03) | 16.7 | (0.69) | 67.3 | (1.13) | 4.2 | (0.50) | 20.2 | (0.91) | 1.3 | (0.26) | 1.2 | (0.22) | 5.2 | (0.61) | 0.7 | (0.19) |
| Mother's highest education4 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Less than high school | 1,961 | (99.4) | 18.1 | (1.58) | 26.0 | (1.58) | 64.8 | (2.31) | 9.9 | (1.33) | 8.0 | (1.03) | 4.0 | (0.89) | # | (†) | 12.2 | (1.70) | 1.0 | (0.45) |
| High school/GED | 5,590 | (182.6) | 30.3 | (1.49) | 29.2 | (0.73) | 45.4 | (1.77) | 8.0 | (0.96) | 20.0 | (1.25) | 6.3 | (0.73) | 1.2 | (0.42) | 17.3 | (1.32) | 1.8 | (0.39) |
| Vocational/technical or | ||||||||||||||||||||
| some college | 4,122 | (145.7) | 34.3 | (1.80) | 30.1 | (1.02) | 39.8 | (2.17) | 4.5 | (0.68) | 26.3 | (1.59) | 7.9 | (0.94) | 1.3 | (0.42) | 18.5 | (1.76) | 1.8 | (0.47) |
| Associate's degree | 1,466 | (78.9) | 37.1 | (2.76) | 28.2 | (1.04) | 31.6 | (2.90) | 3.5 | (1.22) | 29.9 | (2.48) | 15.5 | (1.96) | 1.4 | (0.56) | 16.6 | (2.27) | 1.5 | (0.62) |
| Bachelor's degree | 4,593 | (123.1) | 45.2 | (1.55) | 27.9 | (0.63) | 33.2 | (1.33) | 1.9 | (0.57) | 38.2 | (1.39) | 9.9 | (0.86) | 3.6 | (0.58) | 11.5 | (1.01) | 1.8 | (0.37) |
| Graduate/professional degree | 2,250 | (121.2) | 47.1 | (1.80) | 30.0 | (0.75) | 25.7 | (1.89) | 1.2 | (0.41) | 40.3 | (1.75) | 11.6 | (1.62) | 6.5 | (0.99) | 13.0 | (1.69) | 1.7 | (0.47) |
| Mother's home language4 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| English | 16,778 | (117.0) | 38.1 | (0.63) | 29.1 | (0.41) | 36.7 | (0.86) | 4.5 | (0.49) | 29.5 | (0.53) | 9.1 | (0.44) | 2.5 | (0.26) | 15.9 | (0.77) | 1.8 | (0.21) |
| Non-English | 3,205 | (103.3) | 23.5 | (1.61) | 26.9 | (0.97) | 57.9 | (1.76) | 7.1 | (1.02) | 15.9 | (1.25) | 5.5 | (0.82) | 1.0 | (0.26) | 11.5 | (0.99) | 1.0 | (0.31) |
| Mother's age at first birth4 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Less than 18 | 1,744 | (117.6) | 27.7 | (2.84) | 32.8 | (1.40) | 50.3 | (3.11) | 10.4 | (1.81) | 15.4 | (2.31) | 4.8 | (1.03) | 2.0 | (1.27) | 15.9 | (1.91) | 1.1 | (0.53) |
| 18 or 19 | 2,529 | (135.1) | 28.4 | (2.14) | 30.6 | (1.13) | 46.6 | (2.81) | 7.6 | (1.23) | 17.6 | (1.90) | 7.1 | (1.33) | 0.9 | (0.34) | 19.4 | (2.80) | 0.8 | (0.34) |
| 20 or older | 15,709 | (140.0) | 37.8 | (0.68) | 28.3 | (0.43) | 37.9 | (0.74) | 3.9 | (0.43) | 30.2 | (0.65) | 9.1 | (0.46) | 2.5 | (0.24) | 14.4 | (0.70) | 1.9 | (0.21) |
| Household income | ||||||||||||||||||||
| $15,000 or less | 3,142 | (79.3) | 29.7 | (2.19) | 31.4 | (1.11) | 48.2 | (2.35) | 11.0 | (1.61) | 16.6 | (1.80) | 4.7 | (0.90) | 1.7 | (0.67) | 16.9 | (2.31) | 0.9 | (0.35) |
| $15,001 to $25,000 | 2,770 | (79.2) | 29.0 | (2.53) | 31.0 | (1.16) | 48.9 | (2.44) | 8.5 | (1.02) | 19.2 | (2.18) | 4.5 | (0.70) | 1.5 | (0.63) | 15.9 | (1.68) | 1.5 | (0.57) |
| $25,001 to $35,000 | 2,313 | (94.5) | 30.8 | (2.06) | 28.7 | (1.01) | 44.2 | (2.22) | 9.0 | (1.52) | 19.1 | (1.89) | 6.7 | (1.39) | 0.7 | (0.31) | 18.4 | (1.99) | 1.9 | (0.52) |
| $35,001 to $50,000 | 2,943 | (111.8) | 28.3 | (1.83) | 29.5 | (1.03) | 48.5 | (2.41) | 4.2 | (0.91) | 21.2 | (1.60) | 6.7 | (0.97) | 0.8 | (0.29) | 16.7 | (1.51) | 2.0 | (0.58) |
| More than $50,000 | 9,498 | (112.8) | 43.9 | (0.95) | 28.4 | (0.42) | 30.6 | (1.03) | 1.5 | (0.27) | 37.1 | (0.88) | 11.5 | (0.71) | 3.6 | (0.38) | 13.7 | (0.84) | 1.9 | (0.26) |
| Poverty status5 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Above poverty threshold | 15,900 | (60.9) | 38.4 | (0.77) | 29.0 | (0.37) | 36.6 | (0.87) | 3.5 | (0.36) | 30.6 | (0.65) | 9.6 | (0.51) | 2.5 | (0.24) | 15.3 | (0.72) | 1.9 | (0.22) |
| At or below poverty threshold | 4,766 | (60.7) | 28.3 | (1.80) | 30.2 | (0.96) | 50.5 | (1.93) | 10.4 | (1.15) | 16.4 | (1.51) | 3.9 | (0.63) | 1.7 | (0.54) | 15.9 | (1.75) | 1.1 | (0.29) |
| Household size | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2 or 3 persons | 5,469 | (137.6) | 38.2 | (1.48) | 32.5 | (0.57) | 30.6 | (1.27) | 5.9 | (0.90) | 28.9 | (1.36) | 11.6 | (0.94) | 2.2 | (0.39) | 18.5 | (1.07) | 2.2 | (0.41) |
| 4 persons | 7,723 | (172.4) | 39.5 | (1.17) | 28.4 | (0.56) | 38.1 | (1.26) | 4.2 | (0.56) | 31.9 | (0.95) | 8.7 | (0.65) | 2.3 | (0.35) | 13.3 | (1.14) | 1.7 | (0.33) |
| 5 persons | 4,279 | (165.9) | 34.0 | (1.85) | 26.8 | (0.85) | 44.3 | (2.14) | 5.6 | (0.84) | 24.2 | (1.65) | 7.2 | (1.01) | 3.1 | (0.69) | 14.4 | (1.28) | 1.2 | (0.31) |
| 6 or more persons | 3,194 | (138.4) | 26.8 | (1.90) | 27.6 | (0.95) | 53.7 | (2.36) | 5.4 | (0.90) | 17.7 | (1.70) | 3.3 | (0.62) | 1.4 | (0.35) | 16.7 | (2.53) | 1.8 | (0.41) |
| Urbanicity | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Rural | 4,328 | (5.4) | 32.5 | (1.93) | 29.7 | (0.91) | 37.5 | (2.00) | 5.8 | (0.82) | 22.5 | (1.78) | 10.6 | (1.04) | 1.4 | (0.58) | 20.0 | (1.68) | 2.2 | (0.48) |
| Urban | 16,337 | (7.5) | 37.0 | (0.58) | 29.1 | (0.37) | 40.4 | (0.88) | 4.9 | (0.43) | 28.6 | (0.54) | 7.7 | (0.44) | 2.5 | (0.27) | 14.2 | (0.70) | 1.6 | (0.18) |
| †Not applicable. | ||||||||||||||||||||
| #Rounds to zero. | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 Mean hours per week per child, among preschool children enrolled in any type of nonparental care arrangement. For children with more than one arrangement, the hours of each weekly arrangement were summed to calculate the total amount of time in child care per week. | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2 Children who spend equal hours per week in multiple nonparental care arrangements. | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 3 Excludes children living apart from their parents. | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 4 Excludes children living in households with no mother or female guardian present. | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 5 Poverty status was determined by household income and number of persons in household. | ||||||||||||||||||||
| NOTE: A child's "primary arrangement" was defined as the regular nonparental care arrangement or early childhood education program in which the child spent the most time per week. Race categories exclude persons of Hispanic ethnicity. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||
| SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Early Childhood Program Participation Survey of the National Household Education Surveys Program (ECPP-NHES:2005). (This table was prepared October 2006.) |
