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Table 233. | Graduate enrollment in science and engineering programs in degree-granting institutions, by discipline division: Fall 1995 through fall 2007 |
Discipline of engineering or science | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 20071 | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | ||||||||||||
Total, all sciences and engineering |
499,640 | 2 | 494,079 | 2 | 487,208 | 2 | 485,627 | 2 | 493,256 | 2 | 493,311 | 2 | 509,607 | 2 | 540,404 | 2 | 567,121 | 2 | 574,463 | 2 | 582,226 | 2 | 597,643 | 2 | 619,499 |
Engineering | 107,201 | 103,224 | 101,148 | 100,038 | 101,691 | 104,112 | 109,493 | 119,668 | 127,377 | 123,566 | 120,565 | 123,041 | 131,676 | ||||||||||||
Aerospace | 3,343 | 3,208 | 3,083 | 3,137 | 3,349 | 3,407 | 3,451 | 3,685 | 4,048 | 4,089 | 4,170 | 4,482 | 4,616 | ||||||||||||
Agricultural | 1,037 | 1,012 | 941 | 975 | 986 | 943 | 947 | 952 | 1,058 | 1,041 | 1,059 | 1,073 | 1,126 | ||||||||||||
Architecture3 | † | † | † | † | † | † | † | † | † | † | † | † | 4,601 | ||||||||||||
Biomedical | 2,732 | 2,732 | 2,847 | 2,855 | 3,069 | 3,197 | 3,599 | 4,338 | 5,301 | 5,807 | 6,067 | 6,482 | 6,904 | ||||||||||||
Chemical | 7,452 | 7,408 | 7,288 | 7,093 | 6,883 | 7,056 | 6,913 | 7,414 | 7,516 | 7,452 | 7,173 | 7,261 | 7,584 | ||||||||||||
Civil3 | 19,218 | 18,528 | 17,193 | 16,517 | 16,226 | 16,451 | 16,665 | 17,713 | 18,890 | 18,561 | 18,114 | 17,802 | 16,071 | ||||||||||||
Electrical | 30,861 | 29,941 | 30,787 | 31,384 | 31,822 | 33,611 | 36,100 | 39,948 | 41,763 | 38,995 | 37,450 | 38,265 | 40,588 | ||||||||||||
Engineering science | 1,955 | 1,751 | 1,647 | 1,701 | 1,627 | 1,632 | 1,798 | 2,121 | 2,240 | 2,198 | 1,951 | 2,046 | 1,806 | ||||||||||||
Industrial/manufacturing | 13,475 | 12,675 | 11,957 | 11,221 | 11,803 | 12,119 | 12,940 | 14,033 | 14,313 | 13,852 | 13,650 | 13,829 | 14,474 | ||||||||||||
Mechanical | 16,363 | 15,509 | 15,045 | 14,696 | 14,956 | 15,235 | 15,852 | 17,139 | 18,393 | 17,852 | 17,373 | 17,919 | 18,347 | ||||||||||||
Metallurgical/materials | 4,956 | 4,747 | 4,688 | 4,680 | 4,481 | 4,377 | 4,721 | 4,992 | 5,131 | 5,059 | 5,160 | 5,268 | 5,314 | ||||||||||||
Mining | 373 | 371 | 348 | 304 | 328 | 287 | 240 | 267 | 278 | 308 | 279 | 244 | 222 | ||||||||||||
Nuclear | 1,154 | 980 | 868 | 821 | 830 | 792 | 801 | 795 | 885 | 971 | 1,013 | 1,099 | 1,180 | ||||||||||||
Petroleum | 610 | 562 | 561 | 571 | 642 | 627 | 656 | 766 | 849 | 845 | 808 | 813 | 1,014 | ||||||||||||
Other engineering | 3,672 | 3,800 | 3,895 | 4,083 | 4,689 | 4,378 | 4,810 | 5,505 | 6,712 | 6,536 | 6,298 | 6,458 | 7,829 | ||||||||||||
Physical sciences | 33,399 | 32,333 | 31,105 | 30,575 | 30,691 | 30,385 | 31,038 | 32,341 | 34,298 | 35,761 | 36,375 | 36,901 | 36,824 | ||||||||||||
Astronomy | 912 | 874 | 778 | 820 | 832 | 888 | 916 | 990 | 1,080 | 1,119 | 1,191 | 1,211 | 1,232 | ||||||||||||
Chemistry | 19,570 | 19,334 | 18,774 | 18,482 | 18,416 | 18,105 | 18,366 | 19,045 | 20,049 | 20,776 | 21,101 | 21,351 | 21,298 | ||||||||||||
Physics | 12,425 | 11,728 | 11,147 | 10,809 | 10,869 | 10,841 | 11,248 | 11,701 | 12,555 | 13,298 | 13,472 | 13,722 | 13,816 | ||||||||||||
Other physical sciences | 492 | 397 | 406 | 464 | 574 | 551 | 508 | 605 | 614 | 568 | 611 | 617 | 478 | ||||||||||||
Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences |
15,716 | 15,183 | 14,548 | 14,258 | 14,083 | 13,941 | 13,841 | 14,240 | 14,620 | 15,131 | 14,836 | 14,920 | 14,100 | ||||||||||||
Atmospheric sciences | 1,072 | 1,086 | 1,092 | 965 | 913 | 963 | 924 | 1,036 | 1,150 | 1,086 | 1,146 | 1,079 | 1,178 | ||||||||||||
Geosciences | 7,582 | 7,304 | 6,959 | 6,687 | 6,637 | 6,596 | 6,544 | 6,712 | 6,889 | 7,358 | 7,212 | 7,177 | 7,020 | ||||||||||||
Oceanography | 2,723 | 2,615 | 2,479 | 2,562 | 2,624 | 2,668 | 2,585 | 2,618 | 2,695 | 2,801 | 2,760 | 2,770 | 2,615 | ||||||||||||
Other environmental sciences | 4,339 | 4,178 | 4,018 | 4,044 | 3,909 | 3,714 | 3,788 | 3,874 | 3,886 | 3,886 | 3,718 | 3,894 | 3,287 | ||||||||||||
Family and consumer science/ human science4 |
† | † | † | † | † | † | † | † | † | † | † | † | 2,780 | ||||||||||||
Mathematical sciences | 18,504 | 18,008 | 16,719 | 16,485 | 16,257 | 15,650 | 16,651 | 18,163 | 19,465 | 19,931 | 20,210 | 20,815 | 20,975 | ||||||||||||
Mathematics and applied mathematics |
15,386 | 14,948 | 14,027 | 13,827 | 13,521 | 12,823 | 13,569 | 14,702 | 15,569 | 15,964 | 16,106 | 16,649 | 16,528 | ||||||||||||
Statistics | 3,118 | 3,060 | 2,692 | 2,658 | 2,736 | 2,827 | 3,082 | 3,461 | 3,896 | 3,967 | 4,104 | 4,166 | 4,447 | ||||||||||||
Multidisciplinary/ interdisciplinary studies4 |
† | † | † | † | † | † | † | † | † | † | † | † | 4,484 | ||||||||||||
Neuroscience5 | † | † | † | † | † | † | † | † | † | † | † | † | 1,584 | ||||||||||||
Communication4 | † | † | † | † | † | † | † | † | † | † | † | † | 7,303 | ||||||||||||
Computer sciences | 33,458 | 34,626 | 35,991 | 38,027 | 42,478 | 47,350 | 52,196 | 55,269 | 53,696 | 50,016 | 47,978 | 47,653 | 48,246 | ||||||||||||
Life sciences | 148,286 | 148,948 | 148,486 | 149,634 | 151,345 | 148,080 | 150,252 | 159,356 | 170,374 | 178,600 | 185,553 | 194,313 | 188,760 | ||||||||||||
Agricultural sciences | 12,768 | 12,301 | 12,203 | 12,168 | 12,312 | 12,023 | 12,235 | 12,698 | 13,197 | 13,445 | 13,123 | 13,016 | 13,528 | ||||||||||||
Biological sciences | 58,344 | 57,749 | 56,705 | 56,695 | 56,959 | 56,282 | 57,639 | 61,088 | 64,701 | 66,565 | 68,479 | 69,941 | 71,932 | ||||||||||||
Anatomy | 850 | 878 | 856 | 785 | 749 | 795 | 735 | 906 | 908 | 897 | 938 | 961 | 867 | ||||||||||||
Biochemistry | 5,562 | 5,275 | 5,102 | 5,148 | 5,101 | 4,966 | 4,917 | 5,190 | 5,552 | 5,612 | 5,814 | 5,824 | 5,853 | ||||||||||||
Biology | 14,280 | 14,611 | 14,646 | 14,277 | 13,989 | 13,407 | 13,352 | 13,822 | 14,770 | 15,458 | 15,681 | 16,463 | 15,898 | ||||||||||||
Biometry/epidemiology | 2,810 | 3,005 | 2,896 | 3,514 | 3,704 | 3,615 | 3,817 | 4,071 | 4,439 | 4,674 | 4,805 | 4,789 | 5,694 | ||||||||||||
Biophysics | 845 | 833 | 748 | 737 | 710 | 751 | 877 | 953 | 1,032 | 1,180 | 1,183 | 1,203 | 1,193 | ||||||||||||
Botany | 2,295 | 2,213 | 2,082 | 2,042 | 1,974 | 1,904 | 1,921 | 1,973 | 1,901 | 1,831 | 1,860 | 1,850 | 1,821 | ||||||||||||
Cell biology | 4,174 | 4,207 | 4,300 | 4,379 | 4,637 | 4,820 | 4,911 | 5,375 | 5,689 | 5,830 | 6,177 | 6,553 | 6,839 | ||||||||||||
Ecology | 1,702 | 1,632 | 1,640 | 1,670 | 1,704 | 1,762 | 1,888 | 1,967 | 2,230 | 2,185 | 2,165 | 2,162 | 2,026 | ||||||||||||
Entomology/parasitology | 1,241 | 1,234 | 1,161 | 1,168 | 1,145 | 1,104 | 1,170 | 1,191 | 1,206 | 1,241 | 1,126 | 1,114 | 1,078 | ||||||||||||
Genetics | 1,712 | 1,741 | 1,776 | 1,727 | 1,783 | 1,712 | 1,841 | 1,909 | 2,073 | 2,129 | 2,155 | 2,154 | 2,120 | ||||||||||||
Microbiology, immunology, and virology |
5,026 | 4,912 | 4,805 | 4,773 | 4,815 | 4,814 | 4,798 | 5,208 | 5,256 | 5,375 | 5,401 | 5,324 | 5,212 | ||||||||||||
Nutrition | 5,071 | 4,918 | 4,604 | 4,486 | 4,508 | 4,413 | 4,429 | 4,539 | 4,695 | 4,771 | 4,817 | 5,042 | 4,890 | ||||||||||||
Pathology | 1,670 | 1,656 | 1,674 | 1,580 | 1,580 | 1,531 | 1,637 | 1,613 | 1,541 | 1,557 | 1,593 | 1,612 | 1,580 | ||||||||||||
Pharmacology | 2,710 | 2,663 | 2,597 | 2,730 | 2,757 | 2,963 | 3,140 | 3,234 | 3,357 | 3,122 | 3,114 | 2,985 | 3,013 | ||||||||||||
Physiology | 2,540 | 2,377 | 2,298 | 2,151 | 2,083 | 2,015 | 1,967 | 2,076 | 2,328 | 2,409 | 2,399 | 2,416 | 2,738 | ||||||||||||
Zoology | 1,958 | 1,808 | 1,627 | 1,586 | 1,523 | 1,445 | 1,411 | 1,349 | 1,301 | 1,236 | 1,264 | 1,145 | 1,108 | ||||||||||||
Other biosciences | 3,898 | 3,786 | 3,893 | 3,942 | 4,197 | 4,265 | 4,828 | 5,712 | 6,423 | 7,058 | 7,987 | 8,344 | 10,002 | ||||||||||||
Health fields | 77,174 | 78,898 | 79,578 | 80,771 | 82,074 | 79,775 | 80,378 | 85,570 | 92,476 | 98,590 | 103,951 | 111,356 | 103,300 | ||||||||||||
Medical fields5 | 15,538 | 15,363 | 15,470 | 16,643 | 17,276 | 16,407 | 17,363 | 19,166 | 20,574 | 20,866 | 21,414 | 23,441 | 22,751 | ||||||||||||
Other health fields | 61,636 | 63,535 | 64,108 | 64,128 | 64,798 | 63,368 | 63,015 | 66,404 | 71,902 | 77,724 | 82,537 | 87,915 | 80,549 | ||||||||||||
Dentistry | 1,338 | 1,388 | 1,491 | 1,518 | 1,467 | 1,430 | 1,494 | 1,446 | 1,654 | 1,946 | 1,748 | 1,614 | 1,688 | ||||||||||||
Nursing | 28,405 | 27,388 | 26,861 | 25,591 | 25,074 | 23,457 | 23,609 | 24,715 | 26,649 | 29,781 | 31,670 | 35,846 | 31,803 | ||||||||||||
Pharmaceutical sciences | 2,808 | 2,846 | 2,710 | 2,882 | 3,422 | 3,611 | 3,679 | 4,538 | 5,493 | 5,218 | 6,091 | 6,315 | 5,066 | ||||||||||||
Speech pathology/audiology | 11,982 | 12,857 | 13,212 | 13,198 | 13,600 | 13,636 | 13,193 | 13,368 | 13,694 | 14,045 | 14,821 | 14,847 | 16,229 | ||||||||||||
Veterinary sciences | 975 | 997 | 1,224 | 1,288 | 1,314 | 1,367 | 1,476 | 1,691 | 1,719 | 1,732 | 1,970 | 2,067 | 2,371 | ||||||||||||
Other health related | 16,128 | 18,059 | 18,610 | 19,651 | 19,921 | 19,867 | 19,564 | 20,646 | 22,693 | 25,002 | 26,237 | 27,226 | 23,392 | ||||||||||||
Psychology | 53,641 | 53,122 | 53,126 | 52,557 | 51,727 | 50,466 | 50,454 | 51,152 | 52,162 | 54,126 | 57,282 | 57,653 | 59,617 | ||||||||||||
Social sciences | 89,435 | 88,635 | 86,085 | 84,053 | 84,984 | 83,327 | 85,682 | 90,215 | 95,129 | 97,332 | 99,427 | 102,347 | 103,150 | ||||||||||||
Agricultural economics | 2,338 | 2,117 | 2,043 | 1,995 | 2,014 | 2,079 | 2,161 | 2,187 | 2,318 | 2,195 | 2,127 | 2,158 | 1,989 | ||||||||||||
Economics (except agricultural) | 12,673 | 12,080 | 11,097 | 10,701 | 10,562 | 10,748 | 11,408 | 12,009 | 12,316 | 12,318 | 11,805 | 12,132 | 12,597 | ||||||||||||
Geography | 4,371 | 4,331 | 4,287 | 4,326 | 4,250 | 4,036 | 4,304 | 4,383 | 4,721 | 4,809 | 4,800 | 4,750 | 4,660 | ||||||||||||
Linguistics | 3,194 | 3,156 | 3,068 | 2,935 | 2,799 | 2,674 | 2,744 | 2,875 | 3,028 | 2,941 | 3,187 | 3,074 | 2,879 | ||||||||||||
Political science | 34,298 | 33,252 | 32,083 | 30,828 | 31,372 | 31,131 | 31,805 | 34,934 | 36,880 | 39,023 | 40,780 | 41,784 | 41,349 | ||||||||||||
Sociology and anthropology | 18,198 | 18,121 | 17,921 | 17,492 | 17,340 | 17,023 | 17,111 | 17,146 | 17,689 | 17,539 | 17,616 | 18,022 | 18,453 | ||||||||||||
Other social sciences | 14,363 | 15,578 | 15,586 | 15,776 | 16,647 | 15,636 | 16,149 | 16,681 | 18,177 | 18,507 | 19,112 | 20,427 | 21,223 |
†Not applicable. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
1 Data for 2007 may not be comparable to previous years’ data because some surveyed fields were reclassified, new fields were added, and the survey was redesigned to improve coverage and coding. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
2 Because three fields were added to the survey in 2007, previous years' totals for all fields are not comparable to the 2007 total. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
3 Before 2007, architecture was included under civil engineering instead of being reported as a separate field of engineering. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
4 Three science fields--family and consumer science/human science, multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, and communication--were added to the survey in 2007; some of the data may have been reported under other fields prior to 2007. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
5 Before 2007, neuroscience was included under the health/medical field of neurology instead of being reported as a separate field of science. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
NOTE: The survey on which this table is based includes institutions in other jurisdictions, including Guam, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, Division of Science Resources Studies, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, 1995 through 2007. (This table was prepared September 2009.) |