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(56KB)| Table 135. | Average mathematics scale score and percentage attaining mathematics achievement levels of 8th-graders in public schools, by level of parental education and state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1990 through 2007 |
| State or jurisdiction | Average scale score1 | Percent attaining mathematics achievement levels, 2007 | Average scale score, by highest level of education attained by parents, 20072 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1990 | 1992 | 1996 | 2000 | 2003 | 2005 | 2007 | Below Basic | At or above Basic3 | At or above Proficient4 | At Advanced5 | Did not finish high school | Graduated high school | Some education after high school | Graduated college | ||||||||||||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | |||||||||||||||
| United States | 262 | (1.4) | 267 | (1.0) | 271 | (1.2) | 272 | (0.9) | 276 | (0.3) | 278 | (0.2) | 280 | (0.3) | 30 | (0.3) | 70 | (0.3) | 31 | (0.3) | 7 | (0.2) | 263 | (0.5) | 270 | (0.4) | 283 | (0.4) | 291 | (0.3) |
| Alabama | 253 | (1.1) | 252 | (1.7) | 257 | (2.1) | 264 | (1.8) | 262 | (1.5) | 262 | (1.5) | 266 | (1.5) | 45 | (1.7) | 55 | (1.7) | 18 | (1.5) | 2 | (0.4) | 256 | (1.9) | 254 | (2.2) | 271 | (1.6) | 275 | (2.0) |
| Alaska | — | (†) | — | (†) | 278 | (1.8) | — | (†) | 279 | (0.9) | 279 | (0.8) | 283 | (1.1) | 27 | (1.3) | 73 | (1.3) | 32 | (1.4) | 7 | (0.6) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) | ‡ | (†) |
| Arizona6 | 260 | (1.3) | 265 | (1.3) | 268 | (1.6) | 269 | (1.8) | 271 | (1.2) | 274 | (1.1) | 276 | (1.2) | 34 | (1.5) | 66 | (1.5) | 26 | (1.2) | 5 | (0.7) | 261 | (2.5) | 267 | (2.3) | 282 | (1.9) | 287 | (1.5) |
| Arkansas | 256 | (0.9) | 256 | (1.2) | 262 | (1.5) | 257 | (1.5) | 266 | (1.2) | 272 | (1.2) | 274 | (1.1) | 35 | (1.3) | 65 | (1.3) | 24 | (1.1) | 4 | (0.5) | 260 | (3.0) | 268 | (1.7) | 280 | (1.9) | 282 | (1.5) |
| California6 | 256 | (1.3) | 261 | (1.7) | 263 | (1.9) | 260 | (2.1) | 267 | (1.2) | 269 | (0.7) | 270 | (0.8) | 41 | (1.0) | 59 | (1.0) | 24 | (0.8) | 5 | (0.4) | 255 | (1.1) | 262 | (1.2) | 277 | (1.4) | 286 | (1.2) |
| Colorado | 267 | (0.9) | 272 | (1.0) | 276 | (1.1) | — | (†) | 283 | (1.1) | 281 | (1.2) | 286 | (0.9) | 25 | (1.0) | 75 | (1.0) | 37 | (1.2) | 10 | (0.7) | 262 | (2.4) | 273 | (2.1) | 290 | (2.0) | 298 | (1.2) |
| Connecticut | 270 | (1.0) | 274 | (1.1) | 280 | (1.1) | 281 | (1.3) | 284 | (1.2) | 281 | (1.4) | 282 | (1.5) | 27 | (1.6) | 73 | (1.6) | 35 | (1.6) | 8 | (0.7) | 254 | (3.6) | 265 | (2.2) | 280 | (2.5) | 295 | (1.3) |
| Delaware | 261 | (0.9) | 263 | (1.0) | 267 | (0.9) | — | (†) | 277 | (0.7) | 281 | (0.6) | 283 | (0.6) | 26 | (1.1) | 74 | (1.1) | 31 | (1.1) | 7 | (0.7) | 271 | (2.2) | 274 | (1.6) | 284 | (1.5) | 292 | (1.0) |
| District of Columbia | 231 | (0.9) | 235 | (0.9) | 233 | (1.3) | 235 | (1.1) | 243 | (0.8) | 245 | (0.9) | 248 | (0.9) | 66 | (1.2) | 34 | (1.2) | 8 | (0.6) | 1 | (0.3) | 244 | (3.1) | 239 | (1.7) | 261 | (2.1) | 255 | (1.4) |
| Florida | 255 | (1.2) | 260 | (1.5) | 264 | (1.8) | — | (†) | 271 | (1.5) | 274 | (1.1) | 277 | (1.3) | 32 | (1.4) | 68 | (1.4) | 27 | (1.4) | 5 | (0.7) | 264 | (2.0) | 268 | (1.5) | 284 | (1.8) | 286 | (1.6) |
| Georgia | 259 | (1.3) | 259 | (1.2) | 262 | (1.6) | 265 | (1.2) | 270 | (1.2) | 272 | (1.1) | 275 | (1.0) | 36 | (1.5) | 64 | (1.5) | 25 | (1.0) | 4 | (0.6) | 262 | (2.6) | 263 | (1.7) | 279 | (1.5) | 284 | (1.3) |
| Hawaii | 251 | (0.8) | 257 | (0.9) | 262 | (1.0) | 262 | (1.4) | 266 | (0.8) | 266 | (0.7) | 269 | (0.8) | 41 | (1.0) | 59 | (1.0) | 21 | (0.7) | 3 | (0.3) | 257 | (4.5) | 258 | (1.5) | 274 | (1.6) | 279 | (1.2) |
| Idaho6 | 271 | (0.8) | 275 | (0.7) | — | (†) | 277 | (1.0) | 280 | (0.9) | 281 | (0.9) | 284 | (0.9) | 25 | (1.1) | 75 | (1.1) | 34 | (1.3) | 6 | (0.6) | 262 | (2.8) | 271 | (1.5) | 290 | (1.3) | 294 | (1.1) |
| Illinois6 | 261 | (1.7) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 275 | (1.7) | 277 | (1.2) | 278 | (1.1) | 280 | (1.1) | 30 | (1.6) | 70 | (1.6) | 31 | (1.5) | 7 | (0.8) | 262 | (1.9) | 267 | (1.9) | 282 | (1.4) | 293 | (1.6) |
| Indiana6 | 267 | (1.2) | 270 | (1.1) | 276 | (1.4) | 281 | (1.4) | 281 | (1.1) | 282 | (1.0) | 285 | (1.1) | 24 | (1.4) | 76 | (1.4) | 35 | (1.4) | 7 | (0.7) | 271 | (2.3) | 276 | (1.7) | 284 | (2.1) | 296 | (1.4) |
| Iowa | 278 | (1.1) | 283 | (1.0) | 284 | (1.3) | — | (†) | 284 | (0.8) | 284 | (0.9) | 285 | (0.9) | 23 | (1.1) | 77 | (1.1) | 35 | (1.4) | 7 | (0.6) | 262 | (2.5) | 274 | (1.4) | 287 | (1.6) | 295 | (1.0) |
| Kansas6 | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 283 | (1.7) | 284 | (1.3) | 284 | (1.0) | 290 | (1.1) | 19 | (1.1) | 81 | (1.1) | 40 | (1.5) | 9 | (0.7) | 271 | (3.1) | 278 | (1.9) | 291 | (1.9) | 299 | (1.1) |
| Kentucky | 257 | (1.2) | 262 | (1.1) | 267 | (1.1) | 270 | (1.3) | 274 | (1.2) | 274 | (1.2) | 279 | (1.1) | 31 | (1.5) | 69 | (1.5) | 27 | (1.2) | 5 | (0.6) | 265 | (2.4) | 272 | (1.7) | 283 | (1.7) | 288 | (1.6) |
| Louisiana | 246 | (1.2) | 250 | (1.7) | 252 | (1.6) | 259 | (1.5) | 266 | (1.5) | 268 | (1.4) | 272 | (1.1) | 36 | (1.8) | 64 | (1.8) | 19 | (1.2) | 2 | (0.4) | 265 | (2.7) | 266 | (1.6) | 275 | (1.5) | 279 | (1.6) |
| Maine6 | — | (†) | 279 | (1.0) | 284 | (1.3) | 281 | (1.1) | 282 | (0.9) | 281 | (0.8) | 286 | (0.8) | 22 | (1.1) | 78 | (1.1) | 34 | (1.2) | 7 | (0.7) | 267 | (4.0) | 277 | (1.5) | 284 | (1.7) | 295 | (1.0) |
| Maryland | 261 | (1.4) | 265 | (1.3) | 270 | (2.1) | 272 | (1.7) | 278 | (1.0) | 278 | (1.1) | 286 | (1.2) | 26 | (1.2) | 74 | (1.2) | 37 | (1.4) | 10 | (1.0) | 268 | (3.6) | 273 | (1.9) | 283 | (1.8) | 295 | (1.6) |
| Massachusetts | — | (†) | 273 | (1.0) | 278 | (1.7) | 279 | (1.5) | 287 | (0.9) | 292 | (0.9) | 298 | (1.3) | 15 | (1.1) | 85 | (1.1) | 51 | (1.7) | 15 | (1.0) | 277 | (3.0) | 284 | (2.4) | 294 | (2.2) | 307 | (1.3) |
| Michigan6 | 264 | (1.2) | 267 | (1.4) | 277 | (1.8) | 277 | (1.9) | 276 | (2.0) | 277 | (1.5) | 277 | (1.4) | 34 | (1.7) | 66 | (1.7) | 29 | (1.4) | 6 | (0.7) | 258 | (4.0) | 265 | (2.1) | 279 | (1.8) | 287 | (1.7) |
| Minnesota | 275 | (0.9) | 282 | (1.0) | 284 | (1.3) | 287 | (1.4) | 291 | (1.1) | 290 | (1.2) | 292 | (1.0) | 19 | (0.8) | 81 | (0.8) | 43 | (1.6) | 11 | (0.8) | 264 | (3.8) | 278 | (2.3) | 290 | (2.0) | 301 | (1.1) |
| Mississippi | — | (†) | 246 | (1.2) | 250 | (1.2) | 254 | (1.1) | 261 | (1.1) | 263 | (1.2) | 265 | (0.8) | 46 | (1.3) | 54 | (1.3) | 14 | (1.0) | 2 | (0.3) | 256 | (2.3) | 255 | (1.4) | 272 | (1.4) | 271 | (1.2) |
| Missouri | — | (†) | 271 | (1.2) | 273 | (1.4) | 271 | (1.5) | 279 | (1.1) | 276 | (1.3) | 281 | (1.0) | 28 | (1.5) | 72 | (1.5) | 30 | (1.3) | 5 | (0.7) | 263 | (3.0) | 270 | (1.6) | 285 | (1.7) | 289 | (1.3) |
| Montana6 | 280 | (0.9) | — | (†) | 283 | (1.3) | 285 | (1.4) | 286 | (0.8) | 286 | (0.7) | 287 | (0.7) | 21 | (1.0) | 79 | (1.0) | 38 | (1.1) | 7 | (0.5) | 265 | (3.3) | 278 | (2.1) | 286 | (1.6) | 296 | (0.9) |
| Nebraska | 276 | (1.0) | 278 | (1.1) | 283 | (1.0) | 280 | (1.2) | 282 | (0.9) | 284 | (1.0) | 284 | (1.0) | 26 | (1.2) | 74 | (1.2) | 35 | (1.4) | 8 | (0.7) | 260 | (3.1) | 272 | (2.2) | 288 | (1.9) | 292 | (1.3) |
| Nevada | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 265 | (0.8) | 268 | (0.8) | 270 | (0.8) | 271 | (0.8) | 40 | (1.2) | 60 | (1.2) | 23 | (1.0) | 4 | (0.6) | 254 | (1.7) | 267 | (1.9) | 281 | (1.8) | 283 | (1.3) |
| New Hampshire | 273 | (0.9) | 278 | (1.0) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 286 | (0.8) | 285 | (0.8) | 288 | (0.7) | 22 | (1.0) | 78 | (1.0) | 38 | (1.1) | 8 | (0.6) | 269 | (2.7) | 276 | (1.6) | 285 | (1.9) | 295 | (0.9) |
| New Jersey | 270 | (1.1) | 272 | (1.6) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 281 | (1.1) | 284 | (1.4) | 289 | (1.2) | 23 | (1.4) | 77 | (1.4) | 40 | (1.6) | 10 | (0.7) | 270 | (3.2) | 276 | (2.3) | 288 | (1.8) | 298 | (1.2) |
| New Mexico | 256 | (0.7) | 260 | (0.9) | 262 | (1.2) | 259 | (1.3) | 263 | (1.0) | 263 | (0.9) | 268 | (0.9) | 43 | (1.6) | 57 | (1.6) | 17 | (1.1) | 3 | (0.5) | 254 | (1.8) | 260 | (1.6) | 272 | (1.5) | 280 | (1.5) |
| New York6 | 261 | (1.4) | 266 | (2.1) | 270 | (1.7) | 271 | (2.2) | 280 | (1.1) | 280 | (0.9) | 280 | (1.2) | 30 | (1.4) | 70 | (1.4) | 30 | (1.2) | 7 | (0.8) | 265 | (2.2) | 270 | (1.9) | 283 | (1.7) | 290 | (1.6) |
| North Carolina | 250 | (1.1) | 258 | (1.2) | 268 | (1.4) | 276 | (1.3) | 281 | (1.0) | 282 | (0.9) | 284 | (1.1) | 277 | (1.4) | 73 | (1.4) | 34 | (1.3) | 8 | (0.9) | 268 | (2.1) | 271 | (1.8) | 287 | (1.7) | 295 | (1.3) |
| North Dakota | 281 | (1.2) | 283 | (1.1) | 284 | (0.9) | 282 | (1.1) | 287 | (0.8) | 287 | (0.6) | 292 | (0.7) | 14 | (0.9) | 86 | (0.9) | 41 | (1.2) | 7 | (0.7) | ‡ | (†) | 277 | (1.6) | 292 | (1.8) | 297 | (0.8) |
| Ohio | 264 | (1.0) | 268 | (1.5) | — | (†) | 281 | (1.6) | 282 | (1.3) | 283 | (1.1) | 285 | (1.2) | 24 | (1.4) | 76 | (1.4) | 35 | (1.5) | 7 | (0.7) | 266 | (2.6) | 274 | (1.8) | 285 | (1.8) | 295 | (1.5) |
| Oklahoma | 263 | (1.3) | 268 | (1.1) | — | (†) | 270 | (1.3) | 272 | (1.1) | 271 | (1.0) | 275 | (0.9) | 34 | (1.5) | 66 | (1.5) | 21 | (1.2) | 3 | (0.4) | 258 | (2.6) | 268 | (1.6) | 276 | (1.4) | 284 | (1.2) |
| Oregon6 | 271 | (1.0) | — | (†) | 276 | (1.5) | 280 | (1.5) | 281 | (1.3) | 282 | (1.0) | 284 | (1.1) | 27 | (1.1) | 73 | (1.1) | 35 | (1.3) | 9 | (0.7) | 267 | (2.7) | 275 | (1.8) | 285 | (1.5) | 295 | (1.5) |
| Pennsylvania | 266 | (1.6) | 271 | (1.5) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 279 | (1.1) | 281 | (1.5) | 286 | (1.1) | 23 | (1.3) | 77 | (1.3) | 38 | (1.3) | 8 | (0.6) | 271 | (3.4) | 273 | (1.9) | 288 | (1.7) | 296 | (1.3) |
| Rhode Island | 260 | (0.6) | 266 | (0.7) | 269 | (0.9) | 269 | (1.3) | 272 | (0.7) | 272 | (0.8) | 275 | (0.7) | 35 | (1.1) | 65 | (1.1) | 28 | (1.0) | 5 | (0.5) | 255 | (3.2) | 259 | (1.9) | 276 | (1.6) | 288 | (1.1) |
| South Carolina | — | (†) | 261 | (1.0) | 261 | (1.5) | 265 | (1.5) | 277 | (1.3) | 281 | (0.9) | 282 | (1.0) | 29 | (1.1) | 71 | (1.1) | 32 | (1.4) | 8 | (0.8) | 270 | (2.7) | 270 | (1.6) | 282 | (2.0) | 291 | (1.4) |
| South Dakota | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 285 | (0.8) | 287 | (0.6) | 288 | (0.8) | 19 | (1.0) | 81 | (1.0) | 39 | (1.5) | 7 | (0.6) | 267 | (2.8) | 278 | (1.9) | 291 | (1.5) | 295 | (0.9) |
| Tennessee | — | (†) | 259 | (1.4) | 263 | (1.4) | 262 | (1.5) | 268 | (1.8) | 271 | (1.1) | 274 | (1.1) | 36 | (1.4) | 64 | (1.4) | 23 | (1.4) | 7 | (0.6) | 260 | (3.0) | 265 | (1.6) | 278 | (1.7) | 283 | (1.5) |
| Texas | 258 | (1.4) | 265 | (1.3) | 270 | (1.4) | 273 | (1.6) | 277 | (1.1) | 281 | (0.6) | 286 | (1.0) | 226 | (1.1) | 78 | (1.1) | 35 | (1.3) | 3 | (0.7) | 272 | (1.5) | 279 | (1.6) | 289 | (1.4) | 297 | (1.3) |
| Utah | — | (†) | 274 | (0.7) | 277 | (1.0) | 274 | (1.2) | 281 | (1.0) | 279 | (0.7) | 281 | (0.9) | 28 | (1.1) | 72 | (1.1) | 32 | (1.2) | 9 | (0.6) | 253 | (3.5) | 266 | (1.7) | 282 | (1.8) | 291 | (1.0) |
| Vermont6 | — | (†) | — | (†) | 279 | (1.0) | 281 | (1.5) | 286 | (0.8) | 287 | (0.8) | 291 | (0.7) | 19 | (1.0) | 81 | (1.0) | 41 | (1.3) | 10 | (0.8) | 267 | (3.8) | 275 | (1.9) | 289 | (1.6) | 301 | (1.0) |
| Virginia | 264 | (1.5) | 268 | (1.2) | 270 | (1.6) | 275 | (1.3) | 282 | (1.3) | 284 | (1.1) | 288 | (1.1) | 23 | (1.3) | 77 | (1.3) | 37 | (1.4) | 9 | (0.8) | 264 | (2.8) | 274 | (1.7) | 288 | (1.7) | 298 | (1.3) |
| Washington | — | (†) | — | (†) | 276 | (1.3) | — | (†) | 281 | (0.9) | 285 | (1.0) | 285 | (1.0) | 255 | (1.3) | 75 | (1.3) | 36 | (1.2) | 9 | (0.8) | 265 | (2.6) | 275 | (2.0) | 290 | (1.8) | 296 | (1.2) |
| West Virginia | 256 | (1.0) | 259 | (1.0) | 265 | (1.0) | 266 | (1.2) | 271 | (1.2) | 269 | (1.0) | 270 | (1.0) | 39 | (1.4) | 61 | (1.4) | 19 | (0.9) | 2 | (0.3) | 258 | (2.3) | 263 | (1.4) | 274 | (1.3) | 280 | (1.2) |
| Wisconsin | 274 | (1.3) | 278 | (1.5) | 283 | (1.5) | — | (†) | 284 | (1.3) | 285 | (1.2) | 286 | (1.1) | 24 | (1.4) | 76 | (1.4) | 37 | (1.3) | 8 | (0.7) | 260 | (3.3) | 275 | (1.8) | 285 | (2.0) | 295 | (1.2) |
| Wyoming | 272 | (0.7) | 275 | (0.9) | 275 | (0.9) | 276 | (1.0) | 284 | (0.7) | 282 | (0.8) | 287 | (0.7) | 20 | (1.1) | 80 | (1.1) | 36 | (1.6) | 7 | (0.7) | 266 | (3.8) | 279 | (1.5) | 288 | (1.6) | 295 | (1.2) |
| Department of Defense dependents schools7 |
— | (†) | — | (†) | 274 | (0.9) | 277 | (1.1) | 285 | (0.7) | 284 | (0.7) | 285 | (0.8) | 22 | (1.2) | 78 | (1.2) | 33 | (1.2) | 5 | (0.7) | ‡ | (†) | 274 | (2.5) | 286 | (1.2) | 290 | (1.2) |
| Other jurisdictions | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| American Samoa | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 192 | (5.5) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) |
| Guam | 232 | (0.7) | 235 | (1.0) | 239 | (1.7) | 234 | (2.6) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) |
| Puerto Rico8 | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | 212 | (1.0) | 218 | (1.0) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) |
| U.S. Virgin Islands | 219 | (0.9) | 223 | (1.1) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) | — | (†) |
|
— Not available. † Not applicable. ‡ Reporting standards not met. 1 Scale ranges from 0 to 500. 2 Excludes students who responded "I don't know" to the question about educational level of parents. 3 Basic denotes partial mastery of prerequisite knowledge and skills that are fundamental for proficient work at the 8th-grade level. 4 Proficient represents solid academic performance for 8th-graders. Students reaching this level have demonstrated competency over challenging subject matter. 5 Advanced signifies superior performance. 6 Did not meet one or more of the guidelines for school participation in 2000. Data are subject to appreciable nonresponse bias. 7 Prior to 2005, NAEP divided the Department of Defense (DoD) schools into two jurisdictions, domestic and overseas. In 2005, NAEP began combining the DoD domestic and overseas schools into a single jurisdiction. Data shown in this table for years prior to 2005 were recalculated for comparability.. 8 Because of modifications to the 2005 Puerto Rico administration, results from 2003 should not be compared to results from 2005. Although parallel changes were not made in the nation in 2005, within-year comparisons between Puerto Rico and the nation are valid. NOTE: Excludes persons not enrolled in school and those who were unable to be tested due to limited proficiency in English or due to a disability. Data for 2000, 2003, 2005, and 2007 include students for whom accommodations were permitted. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 1990, 1992, 1996, 2000, 2003, 2005, and 2007 Mathematics Assessments, retrieved May 19, 2008, from the NAEP Data Explorer (http://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/nde/). (This table was prepared May 2008.) |
